EP2674538A1 - Modular construction and corresponding assembly method - Google Patents
Modular construction and corresponding assembly method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2674538A1 EP2674538A1 EP13170379.5A EP13170379A EP2674538A1 EP 2674538 A1 EP2674538 A1 EP 2674538A1 EP 13170379 A EP13170379 A EP 13170379A EP 2674538 A1 EP2674538 A1 EP 2674538A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- floor
- frames
- longitudinal members
- ceiling
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to modular constructions.
- the invention more particularly relates to a modular construction
- a modular construction comprising a floor frame and a ceiling frame, each frame comprising two opposite beams formed by profiles, said floor and ceiling frames being connected to one another by two frames opposed forming the end gears of the modular construction.
- Each frame comprises two hollow uprights connected to each other by a lower cross member and an upper cross member, said upper cross member of at least one of the frames forming a gutter which communicates with at least one of its ends with an opening arranged in one of the uprights of said frame.
- the floor frames, ceiling frames and end gables of the modular constructions form subassemblies which are each manufactured and equipped in the factory with anti-corrosive coatings.
- the assembly of these frames together is done by welding.
- Joining by welding also requires the protection of the surrounding parts at the time of welding in order to avoid splashes of molten metal.
- the present invention aims to propose a new modular construction solution that reduces the risk of degradation of subsets of this construction when they are assembled to each other, while maintaining a good watertightness of construction.
- the subject of the invention is a modular construction as described in the introduction, characterized in that the gutter of the or each frame is assembled by welding to the uprights of said frame, and in that each frame is equipped with brackets. assembled by riveting with the side members of the ceiling and floor frames.
- the construction according to the invention thus uses three types of subassemblies that can be manufactured and pre-equipped at the factory, before the complete assembly of the construction (or module), for example on separate lines.
- These three types subassemblies comprise the ceiling frame, the floor frame and the gable frames, which are assembled by riveting together, while allowing welding at the connection zones between the parts of a sub-assembly. given set for which a good seal is required.
- each pinion frame is easier than the assembly by welding of the entire construction because each pinion frame is reduced in size compared to the construction, which makes it possible to use tools of small dimensions whose orientation can be adapted easily to improve the accessibility to weld.
- such a construction according to the invention makes it possible to weld in the factory the gutter of one or each pinion frame with the corresponding amounts of the frame to ensure a good seal of the frame at the gutter.
- the tightness of the connection between the gutter and the uprights of the corresponding pinion frame is particularly important because the gutter collects the rainwater flowing from the cover elements to be evacuated through the corresponding or amounts of the frame.
- each subassembly can be welded together during the manufacturing of the corresponding subassembly in the factory, before said subassembly is provided with a particular coating, for example of the anticorrosive type, or of heat-sensitive equipment.
- the riveting assembly of the ceiling and floor frames with the gable frames that is to say without welding, the subsets of said construction are not degraded during assembly.
- the riveting makes it possible to eliminate sliding games, unlike bolting, between the sub-assemblies of the construction that are assembled by riveting, as well as the harmful effects of welding towards the operators as detailed. above in introduction.
- said tabs engaged in the longitudinal members of the ceiling frame and the floor frame extend inside said longitudinal members.
- the lower end of the peripheral wall of said or each said amount of said or each pinion frame which communicates with the gutter of the corresponding pinion frame has an opening allowing the water to escape amount by this opening, especially in case of depression of the amount in the ground.
- the floor frame comprising a frame formed of longitudinal members and crosspieces, said side members and / or said cross members comprise an open profile along its length which has, in cross section, a suitable panel support part. supporting the underside of a wall panel, said panel support portion being extended by an unhooked portion with respect to said panel support portion to provide a free space between the underside of said wall panel and said unhooked portion, said portion being stalled being on the side the support part farthest from the center of the floor frame.
- said floor frame profile has, on the side of the panel support portion opposite to the unhooked part, a fold forming a lateral stop vis-à-vis the inner face of the wall panel, and said profile is equipped with an additional profile forming a lateral stop vis-à-vis the outer face of the wall panel.
- said additional profile comprises an angle having a first branch overlapping at least part of the hooked part, while maintaining a hook between said wall panel support portion and said first branch, and a second branch forming said lateral stop.
- said profile of the floor frame comprises a floor element support portion located at a height greater than the wall panel support portion.
- the two opposite longitudinal members of said floor frame comprising two sections open longitudinally in the direction of one another, said floor frame also comprises sleepers, called joists, which connect said longitudinal members together. extending to the inside of said longitudinal members.
- each spar of the floor frame has a portion, called the joist support portion, which is substantially parallel to the middle plane of the floor frame and on which said joists are fixed in support. for example by riveting.
- each of the two longitudinal members of the frame of the floor frame is formed by such a profile and / or each of the two cross members of the frame of the floor frame is formed by such a profile.
- the floor frame has evacuation orifices arranged to evacuate the water collected in said free space defined between the unhooked portion and the underside of said wall panel.
- the modular construction described below can be installed on site permanently or removably for example in the context of a lease.
- the modular construction described below can be assembled to other identical or similar modular constructions by juxtaposition and / or superposition to form for example office-type buildings, housing and more generally any type of institution receiving the public ( ERP).
- ERP public
- FIG. 1 and 1A there is shown a modular construction comprising a floor frame 1 and a ceiling frame 5 which extend substantially parallel and spaced apart from each other.
- Each frame 1, 5 comprises two longitudinal members 10, 50 opposite interconnected by cross members 2, 51, 52. Said beams and sleepers are formed by profiles.
- the sleepers 2 of the floor frame 1 are called joists, and those 51, 52 of the ceiling frame 5 are called failures.
- the floor frame 1 and the ceiling frame 5 are connected to one another by two opposite parallel frames 4 forming the end gears of the modular construction.
- the frames 4 pinions extend substantially perpendicular to said frame 1, 5.
- Each frame 4 comprises two tubular uprights 40 connected to each other by a lower cross member 41 and an upper cross member 45.
- Each frame 4 pinion is filled by a panel 42.
- the structure formed of the longitudinal members 10 of the floor frame and the lower cross members 41 of the gable frames can be considered as a floor frame forming a support frame of the floor elements 3, since, as detailed below, said longitudinal members 10 and cross members 41 have a similar shape and support the floor elements 3.
- Said upper cross member 45 of at least one of the frames 4 sprockets forms a gutter which opens at at least one of its ends in one of the uprights 40 of said frame 4 via an opening 405 formed in said upright 40.
- the gutter 45 of said frame 4 pinion is assembled by welding to the uprights 40 of said frame 4.
- Each frame 4 is equipped with assembly tabs 450, 401 welded to said frame 4.
- said assembly tabs 450, 401 are welded to the uprights 40 of said frame 4.
- Said assembly tabs 450, 401 are assembled by riveting with the longitudinal members 50, 10 of the ceiling frame 5 and floor 1.
- said assembly tabs 450, 401 are formed by C-sections so as to form rigid sleeves or wings to be inserted in the profiles forming the longitudinal members 50, 10 or long panels of the ceiling or floor frame 5.
- Said assembly tabs include in particular lower assembly tabs 401 nested and riveted inside the longitudinal members 10 of the floor frame 1, and upper assembly tabs 450 nested and riveted inside the longitudinal members 50 of the ceiling frame 5.
- the rivets are of "structural” type, that is to say, sized to withstand the forces, including traction and shear, exerted on the frame and gable frames of the constructions. Riveting operations can be performed using "blind rivet” type rivets, such as those sold under the trademark "Magna-Lock”.
- each pinion frame 4 is provided with a gutter 45 welded to the uprights 40 of said frame 4 to recover the rainwater.
- the roof elements 6 which cover the ceiling frame 5 are arranged with the purlins 51, 52 of the ceiling frame 5 so as to form a roof with two slopes directed towards one gear frame, the other towards the other sprocket frame.
- each gutter is evacuated through one or the uprights 40 of the corresponding pinion frame 4 which has (s) a opening 405 communicating with one end of the gutter 45.
- each upright 40 comprises at the lower end of its peripheral wall, an opening 400 allowing the water to evacuate the amount through this opening, particularly in case of depression of the upright in the ground.
- the height of the opening is chosen to protrude from the ground to the depressed state in the ground of said amount.
- said opening 400 is formed by a notch at the lower end of the corresponding upright 40.
- the rails 50, 10 of the ceiling frame 5 and floor 1 are hollow profiles open in the longitudinal direction of said profile, generally U or C shape adapted to maintain high rigidity. The use of such profiles reduces the weight of the construction.
- the sleepers 51, 52 (or failures) of the ceiling frame 5 comprise end crosspieces 52, also called edge failures, which are fixed to said longitudinal members 50, but remaining spaced from the bottom of said corresponding longitudinal members 50 to allow the insertion mounting tabs 450 of the corresponding pinion frame 4 (see Figure 2A ) inside said longitudinal members 50.
- the cross members of the ceiling frame 5 also include intermediate cross members 51, called intermediate stops, which extend as far as the bottom of the longitudinal members 50 to increase the rigidity of said longitudinal members and therefore of the ceiling frame 5.
- the purlins 51, 52 are fixed to the longitudinal members 50 by riveting.
- the roof elements 6 are fixed to the purlins 51, 52 by screwing.
- the heights of the purlins 51, 52 are adapted to obtain, with the roof elements 6, the desired roof slopes as explained above.
- each gutter 45 is arranged to recovering the water flowing from the roof elements 6.
- Each upright 40 of frame 4 comprises at its upper end a lifting ring 43.
- Each spar 10 of the floor frame 1 comprises a longitudinally open profile.
- the top portion has, in cross section, a support portion 12 of the panel.
- Said panel support portion 12 supports the underside of a wall panel 80 over part of its width.
- Said wall panel 80 fills the space delimited between said spar 10 of the floor frame 1 and the corresponding spar 50 of the ceiling frame 5.
- Said wall panel 80 is intended to extend perpendicular to the average plane formed by the longitudinal members of the floor frame. Said wall panel 80 extends in particular between the floor frame 1 and the ceiling frame 5,
- Said spar 10 also has a portion 13 unhooked with respect to said panel support portion 12 and located opposite a portion of the width of the bottom of the wall panel 80, to provide a free space between the underside of the wall panel 80 and the bottom of this part 13 off the spar 10.
- the portion 13 extends the panel support portion 12 while being located at a height lower than that of the panel support portion 12, and the portion 13 is located by relative to part 12 on the outward facing side of the building.
- Each spar 10 of the floor frame 1 receives an additional profile 8 in the general shape of angle having a first branch 81 at least partially overlapping the portion 13 in the hook, while maintaining a hook between said wallboard support portion 12 80 and said first leg 81.
- Said angle also comprises a second leg 82 forming external lateral stop vis-à-vis said wall panel 80.
- the second branch 82 is located on the side of the part 13 unhooked, opposite the wallboard support portion 12.
- the longitudinal free edge of the first leg 81 is folded back to form in cooperation with the second leg 82 a water flow channel.
- the portion 13 of the spar 10 unhooked from that 12 which carries the underside of the wall panel 80 allows, in cooperation with the additional section 8, to create a water collection zone spaced from said corresponding wall panel and thus to maintain it out of water which reduces the risk of corrosion and degradation of its insulation.
- the wall panels are less subject to corrosion and the insulation of said panels has a longer life.
- said framework has evacuation orifices arranged to evacuate the water collected in said free space defined between the unhooked portion 13 and the underside of said wall panel 80.
- additional section 8 attached to the spar 10 of the floor frame has a plurality of through holes, forming said discharge orifices, which are formed, preferably in the connection zone between the two branches 81, 82, along said profile additional to allow the water collected in said profile to evacuate.
- these discharge orifices are formed through the profile 10 and / or in one or more amounts of the construction.
- the profile 10 also comprises in the vicinity of the panel support portion 12, on the opposite side to the unhooked portion 13, a fold 112 forming internal lateral stop vis-à-vis the wall panel 80.
- the wall panel 80 extends between the longitudinal profile 10 of the floor frame 1 which carries it and the corresponding longitudinal profile 50 of the ceiling frame 5.
- said spar 50 of the ceiling frame 5 comprises a U-shaped portion facing the spar 10 of the floor frame 1 to receive the top of the corresponding wall panel 80.
- Each spar 10, 50 described above can be made of steel by cold profiling.
- Said section is shaped from sheet metal coil that may have already received a treatment against corrosion, for example by Sendzimir (registered trademark), and / or a finishing surface treatment, such as pre-lacquering.
- Sendzimir registered trademark
- a finishing surface treatment such as pre-lacquering.
- Said longitudinal profile 10 of the floor frame 1 also comprises a floor element support portion 3 located at a height greater than the panel support portion 80.
- the floor element support portion 3 and the panel support portion 80 are separated from each other by said ply 112, perpendicular to said support portions 11, 12, which forms said lateral abutment with respect to each other. of the inner face of the panel 80.
- the wall panel 80 thus goes down to a level lower than that of the floor elements 3 (also called decking) carried by the joists 2 of the floor frame, so that the wall panel 80 forms a thermal barrier at the level of the elements of the floor. floor, which improves the thermal insulation of the building.
- the floor elements 3 also called decking
- each spar 10 of the floor frame 1 also has a recessed portion 15 to accommodate the connecting rivet heads with the gable frames.
- the outer side face of each spar 50 of the ceiling frame 5 also has a recess portion useful for housing the connecting rivet heads with the gear frames and / or the purlins.
- the bottom portion of the longitudinal section 10 of the floor frame 1, opposite to that above which has the support portions 11, 12, has a ground support portion 16 and a support portion 17 of sleepers 2.
- the support portion 17 of sleepers 2 is spaced from said ground support portion 16 in the direction of said support portions 11, 12. Said portion 17 is a substantially horizontal portion supported by the joists 2.
- the maintenance of the joists 2 of the frame floor 1, spaced from the ground improves the insulation of the floor 3 and reduce the risk of rising damp.
- the support portion 17 of sleepers 2 also makes it possible to support the insulation which extends between the joists 2 possibly by means of sub-surface elements 9.
- the sub-faces 9 make it possible to protect the insulation between joists against the risks projection and against rodents.
- said longitudinal members 10 are open on the inside of said floor frame 1, in the direction of one another, which allows to have the insulation between two beams 2 continuously a spar 10 to the other of the floor frame 1.
- each beam 10 of the floor frame makes it possible to assemble, preferably by riveting, the joists 2 inside said longitudinal members 10, which reduces the risk of torsion of said longitudinal members 10 and therefore increases the rigidity of the floor frame 1.
- said joists 2 are fixed inside the longitudinal members 10 resting on a substantially horizontal portion 17, so that, joists 2 being mainly subjected to downward vertical loads, the connection links between joists 2 and 10 longitudinal members are not stressed.
- the open form of the spar 10 makes it easy to equip said floor frame 1 with fork passages 19, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 and 1A .
- the different parts of the spar 10 described above are formed in one piece with the rest of the spar, with the exception of the profile 8 attached to the upper portion of said spar 10.
- each of the profiles 10 used to form the longitudinal members of the floor frame 1 combines the support functions of floor elements and joist support, as well as the support functions of a wall panel and water flow of rain through the additional section reported on said spar.
- each pinion frame 4 comprises a profile similar to the profile which forms each beam 10 of the floor frame 1.
- each pinion frame 4 thus comprises an open profile along its length which has, in cross section, a support portion 412 panel. Said support portion 412 of panel supports, over part of its width, the underside of the panel 42 for filling the frame 4.
- Said section 41 also has a part 413 unhooked with respect to said panel support portion 412 and located opposite a portion of the width of the underside of the wall panel 42, to provide a free space between the underside of the wall panel 42 and the bottom of this portion 413 off the profile 41.
- Said profile 41 receives an additional profile 48 in the general shape of an angle which has a first branch coming to cover the part 413 on the hook, while maintaining a free space between the wall panel 42 and said additional profile 48.
- the additional profile 48 comprises also a second branch which forms an external lateral stop vis-à-vis said wall panel 42.
- the portion 413 on the hook of the section 41 allows, in cooperation with the additional section 48, to create a water collection zone spaced from said corresponding wall panel and thus to keep it out of water, which reduces the risk of corrosion and degradation of its insulation.
- said framework has evacuation orifices arranged to evacuate the water collected in said free space defined between the portion 413 unhooked and the bottom of said wall panel 42.
- additional section 48 attached to the profile 41 of the floor frame has a plurality of through orifices, forming said discharge orifices, which are formed along said additional section, preferably in the connection zone between the two branches, to allow the water collected in said profile to evacuate. Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that these discharge holes are formed through the profile 41 and / or in one or more amounts of the construction.
- the profile 41 also comprises in the vicinity of the panel support portion 412, on the opposite side to the unhooked portion 413, a fold forming an internal lateral stop vis-à-vis the wall panel 42.
- the wall panel 42 extends between the cross member 41 of the lower frame 4 which carries it and the corresponding upper cross member 45 of the frame 4 pinion.
- the upper cross member 45 comprises a U-shaped portion facing the lower cross member 41 of the frame 4 to receive the top of the wall panel 42 corresponding.
- Said section 41 also comprises a floor element support portion 411 located at a height greater than the panel support portion 422.
- the floor element support portion 411 and the panel support portion 422 are separated by one of the other by said fold, perpendicular to said support portions 411, 412, which forms said lateral stop vis-à-vis the inner face of the panel 42.
- the wall panel 42 thus descends to a level lower than that of the floor elements 3 carried by the joists 2 of the floor frame, so that the wall panel 42 forms a thermal barrier at the level of the floor elements, which allows to improve the thermal insulation of the building.
- the bottom portion of the profile 41 opposite that above that has the support portions 411, 412, has a portion 416 ground support and a portion 417 support, spaced from said portion 416 ground support and substantially horizontal which can be used to carry the sub-faces 9 which connect the lower portions of the joists 2 to each other.
- Each joist 2 of the floor frame 1 comprises, on the one hand, a lower portion forming a support base 29 of the joist 2 on each spar 10 and, on the other hand, an upper portion which comprises a support portion 23 of a thermal break element 24.
- Said upper portion also comprises lateral stops 21, 22 which extend on either side of the longitudinal axis of said support portion 23 to contain said thermal break element 24.
- thermal insulation element or elements 24 between two lateral stops 21, 22 makes it easy to ensure, and without any additional fixing, that said thermal insulation element 24 does not fall during the setting up. floor elements 3 resting on said thermal insulation elements 24.
- thermal insulation element 24 is meant an element made of a material of lower thermal conductivity than the material used for producing the joists, and preferably floor elements, so as to form a thermal break between the joists and the joists. floor elements.
- each thermal insulation element 24 may be made of a material such as wood, plastic, or composite.
- intermediate pieces 24 can be used. It is thus possible to use pieces of solid or hollow section for example of rectangular shape, or of open section, for example U-shaped, and returned to minimize the heat exchange surface with the profile metal of the joist.
- Each joist also comprises a main body 20 which extends between said lower and upper portions of the joist 2, preferably substantially vertically, that is to say orthogonally to the floor elements 3.
- Said support base 29 comprises two feet distributed on either side of the main body 20 of the joist.
- Said lateral stops 21, 22 thus extend transversely to the longitudinal members.
- Each of the lateral abutments 21, 22 of said support portion 23 extends to a height less than that of the thermal bridge breaking element 24 contained between said lateral abutments 21, 22 so that the floor elements 3 rest in support. on the thermal break element 24, without direct contact with the joist 2.
- each joist 2 is formed by profiling a blank.
- One of the lateral stops 21 is formed by cutting the joist blank 2 at a plurality of zones of the support portion 23. Said lateral stop 21 originates from the fold zone between the main body 20 and the support portion 23. Several parts of the joist blank are thus cut along said joist 2 and straightened in the manner of tabs to form the stops 21 desired.
- the support base 29 which extends on either side of the main body 20 of the joist 2 also forms a support for the sub-face elements 9 which connect the joists to each other.
- the support base 29, the main body 20, the support portion 24 and the lateral abutments 21, 22 of the joist are formed in one piece.
- the panel elements 24 are fixed, for example by screwing, through the thermal insulation elements 24 and the corresponding joists of said ceiling frame.
- Said floor frame 1 comprises a plurality of panel elements 3 connected to each other, preferably by male / female type engagement.
- the connection zone between two panels 3 is located at the right of a thermal break element 24 carried by a joist 2.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne de manière générale les constructions modulaires.The present invention generally relates to modular constructions.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement une construction modulaire comprenant un châssis de plancher et un châssis de plafond, chaque châssis comprenant deux longerons opposés formés par des profilés, lesdits châssis de plancher et de plafond étant reliés l'un à l'autre par deux cadres opposés formant les pignons d'extrémité de la construction modulaire. Chaque cadre comprend deux montants creux reliés l'un à l'autre par une traverse inférieure et une traverse supérieure, ladite traverse supérieure d'au moins l'un des cadres formant un chéneau qui communique à au moins une de ses extrémités avec une ouverture ménagée dans l'un des montants dudit cadre.The invention more particularly relates to a modular construction comprising a floor frame and a ceiling frame, each frame comprising two opposite beams formed by profiles, said floor and ceiling frames being connected to one another by two frames opposed forming the end gears of the modular construction. Each frame comprises two hollow uprights connected to each other by a lower cross member and an upper cross member, said upper cross member of at least one of the frames forming a gutter which communicates with at least one of its ends with an opening arranged in one of the uprights of said frame.
Usuellement, les châssis de plancher, les châssis de plafond et les pignons d'extrémité des constructions modulaires forment des sous-ensembles qui sont chacun fabriqués et équipés en usine en étant munis de revêtements anticorrosion. Dans les solutions connues de l'état de la technique l'assemblage de ces châssis entre eux s'effectue par soudure.Usually, the floor frames, ceiling frames and end gables of the modular constructions form subassemblies which are each manufactured and equipped in the factory with anti-corrosive coatings. In the known solutions of the state of the art the assembly of these frames together is done by welding.
Cependant, on constate qu'un tel assemblage par soudure de ces différents sous-ensembles préfabriqués, dégrade les revêtements anticorrosion de ces sous-ensembles du fait de l'échauffement qui résulte de l'opération de soudure. On constate également une déformation desdits châssis et pignons du fait de cet échauffement.However, it is found that such a welded assembly of these different prefabricated subassemblies degrades the anticorrosive coatings of these subassemblies due to the heating that results from the welding operation. There is also a deformation of said frames and gears due to this heating.
L'étanchéité nécessaire, la forme et les dimensions de ces soudures, ainsi que la taille des éléments à assembler rendent ces opérations de soudure complexes à réaliser.The necessary sealing, the shape and dimensions of these welds, as well as the size of the elements to be assembled make these complex welding operations to be carried out.
L'assemblage par soudure nécessite aussi la protection des pièces environnantes au moment du soudage afin d'éviter les projections de métal en fusion.Joining by welding also requires the protection of the surrounding parts at the time of welding in order to avoid splashes of molten metal.
En outre, l'assemblage entre eux des châssis de plancher et de plafond et des pignons d'extrémité par soudure nécessite de faire appel à des opérateurs possédant une qualification spécifique et impose des conditions de travail difficiles.In addition, the assembly together of the floor and ceiling frames and end gears by welding requires the use of operators with a specific qualification and imposes difficult working conditions.
Il est également connu de réaliser un assemblage de ces constructions par boulonnage. Mais cette solution n'est pas satisfaisante. En effet, le boulonnage nécessite une maîtrise du couple de serrage et des paramètres qui influencent la tension finale dans le boulon (état de surface et/ou lubrification par exemple). En outre, un glissement entre les éléments assemblés reste possible (jeu dans les trous), ce qui est néfaste pour la raideur de la connexion obtenue. Enfin, l'étanchéité n'est pas traitée simplement et une accessibilité est nécessaire des deux côtés des éléments assemblés.It is also known to make an assembly of these constructions by bolting. But this solution is not satisfactory. Indeed, bolting requires control of the tightening torque and parameters that influence the final tension in the bolt (surface condition and / or lubrication for example). In addition, sliding between the assembled elements remains possible (play in the holes), which is detrimental to the stiffness of the connection obtained. Finally, the seal is not treated simply and accessibility is required on both sides of the assembled elements.
La présente invention a pour but de proposer une nouvelle solution de construction modulaire qui permet de réduire les risques de dégradation des sous-ensembles de cette construction lorsqu'ils sont assemblés les uns aux autres, tout en conservant une bonne étanchéité à l'eau de la construction.The present invention aims to propose a new modular construction solution that reduces the risk of degradation of subsets of this construction when they are assembled to each other, while maintaining a good watertightness of construction.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une construction modulaire telle que décrite en introduction, caractérisée en ce que le chéneau du ou de chaque cadre est assemblé par soudage aux montants dudit cadre, et en ce que chaque cadre est équipé de pattes d'assemblage assemblées par rivetage avec les longerons des châssis de plafond et de plancher.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a modular construction as described in the introduction, characterized in that the gutter of the or each frame is assembled by welding to the uprights of said frame, and in that each frame is equipped with brackets. assembled by riveting with the side members of the ceiling and floor frames.
La construction selon l'invention utilise ainsi trois types de sous-ensembles qui peuvent être fabriqués et pré-équipés en usine, avant le montage complet de la construction (ou module), par exemple sur des lignes distinctes. Ces trois types de sous-ensemble comprennent le châssis de plafond, le châssis de plancher et les cadres pignons, qui sont assemblés par rivetage les uns aux autres, tout en permettant de réaliser des soudures au niveau des zones de liaison entre les pièces d'un sous-ensemble donné pour lesquelles une bonne étanchéité est requise.The construction according to the invention thus uses three types of subassemblies that can be manufactured and pre-equipped at the factory, before the complete assembly of the construction (or module), for example on separate lines. These three types subassemblies comprise the ceiling frame, the floor frame and the gable frames, which are assembled by riveting together, while allowing welding at the connection zones between the parts of a sub-assembly. given set for which a good seal is required.
En particulier, l'assemblage par soudure entre eux des éléments qui forment chaque cadre pignon est plus facile que l'assemblage par soudure de l'ensemble de la construction du fait que chaque cadre pignon est de taille réduite par rapport à la construction, ce qui permet d'utiliser des outillages de petites dimensions dont l'orientation peut être d'adaptée aisément afin d'améliorer l'accessibilité pour souder.In particular, the assembly by welding together the elements which form each pinion frame is easier than the assembly by welding of the entire construction because each pinion frame is reduced in size compared to the construction, which makes it possible to use tools of small dimensions whose orientation can be adapted easily to improve the accessibility to weld.
En particulier, une telle construction selon l'invention permet de souder en usine le chéneau d'un ou de chaque cadre pignon avec les montants correspondants du cadre pour assurer une bonne étanchéité du cadre au niveau du chéneau.In particular, such a construction according to the invention makes it possible to weld in the factory the gutter of one or each pinion frame with the corresponding amounts of the frame to ensure a good seal of the frame at the gutter.
L'étanchéité de la liaison entre le chéneau et les montants du cadre pignon correspondant est particulièrement importante du fait que le chéneau collecte les eaux de pluie qui s'écoulent des éléments de couverture pour être évacuées à travers le ou les montants correspondants du cadre.The tightness of the connection between the gutter and the uprights of the corresponding pinion frame is particularly important because the gutter collects the rainwater flowing from the cover elements to be evacuated through the corresponding or amounts of the frame.
En outre, lorsque des conditions d'étanchéité et/ou de résistance mécanique le nécessitent, les autres pièces de chaque sous-ensemble peuvent être soudées entre elles lors de la fabrication en usine du sous-ensemble correspondant, avant que ledit sous-ensemble soit muni d'un revêtement particulier, par exemple du type anticorrosion, ou d'équipement sensible à la chaleur.In addition, when sealing conditions and / or strength require it, the other parts of each subassembly can be welded together during the manufacturing of the corresponding subassembly in the factory, before said subassembly is provided with a particular coating, for example of the anticorrosive type, or of heat-sensitive equipment.
Ainsi, non seulement l'usage de la soudure peut être conservé pour la fabrication d'un ou de chaque sous-ensemble afin d'obtenir une bonne étanchéité de liaison des éléments du sous-ensemble entre eux, mais, en outre, l'opération de soudure, qui est limitée à la fabrication propre dudit sous-ensemble, ne détériore pas ledit sous-ensemble ou des éléments voisins, contrairement à ce qui se passe dans l'état de la technique lorsque les cadres pignons sont assemblés sur place par soudure avec les châssis de plancher et plafond.Thus, not only can the use of the weld be retained for the manufacture of one or each subassembly in order to obtain a good seal of the elements of the subassembly between them, but, in in addition, the welding operation, which is limited to the own manufacture of said subassembly, does not deteriorate said subset or neighboring elements, contrary to what happens in the state of the art when the gears frames are welded on site by welding with floor and ceiling frames.
Grâce à l'assemblage par rivetage des châssis de plafond et de plancher avec les cadres pignons, c'est-à-dire sans soudure, les sous-ensembles de ladite construction ne sont pas dégradés lors de leur assemblage. En outre, le rivetage permet de supprimer les jeux de glissement, contrairement au boulonnage, entre les sous-ensembles de la construction que l'on assemble par rivetage, ainsi que les effets néfastes de la soudure vis-à-vis des opérateurs comme détaillés ci-dessus en introduction.Thanks to the riveting assembly of the ceiling and floor frames with the gable frames, that is to say without welding, the subsets of said construction are not degraded during assembly. In addition, the riveting makes it possible to eliminate sliding games, unlike bolting, between the sub-assemblies of the construction that are assembled by riveting, as well as the harmful effects of welding towards the operators as detailed. above in introduction.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, lesdites pattes engagées dans les longerons du châssis de plafond et du châssis de plancher, s'étendent à l'intérieur desdits longerons.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, said tabs engaged in the longitudinal members of the ceiling frame and the floor frame, extend inside said longitudinal members.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, l'extrémité basse de la paroi périphérique dudit ou de chaque montant dudit ou de chaque cadre pignon qui communique avec le chéneau du cadre pignon correspondant, présente une ouverture permettant à l'eau de s'évacuer du montant par cette ouverture, notamment en cas d'enfoncement du montant dans le sol.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the lower end of the peripheral wall of said or each said amount of said or each pinion frame which communicates with the gutter of the corresponding pinion frame, has an opening allowing the water to escape amount by this opening, especially in case of depression of the amount in the ground.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le châssis de plancher comprenant un cadre formé de longerons et de traverses, lesdits longerons et/ou lesdites traverses comprennent un profilé ouvert suivant sa longueur qui présente, en section transversale, une partie support de panneau apte à supporter le dessous d'un panneau mural, ladite partie support de panneau étant prolongée par une partie en décroché par rapport à ladite partie support de panneau pour ménager un espace libre entre le dessous dudit panneau mural et cette partie en décroché, ladite partie en décroché étant située du côté de la partie support le plus éloigné du centre du châssis de plancher.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the floor frame comprising a frame formed of longitudinal members and crosspieces, said side members and / or said cross members comprise an open profile along its length which has, in cross section, a suitable panel support part. supporting the underside of a wall panel, said panel support portion being extended by an unhooked portion with respect to said panel support portion to provide a free space between the underside of said wall panel and said unhooked portion, said portion being stalled being on the side the support part farthest from the center of the floor frame.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, ledit profilé de châssis de plancher présente, du côté de la partie support de panneau opposé à la partie en décroché, un pli formant butée latérale vis-à-vis de la face interne du panneau mural, et ledit profilé est équipé d'un profilé supplémentaire formant butée latérale vis-à-vis de la face externe du panneau mural.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, said floor frame profile has, on the side of the panel support portion opposite to the unhooked part, a fold forming a lateral stop vis-à-vis the inner face of the wall panel, and said profile is equipped with an additional profile forming a lateral stop vis-à-vis the outer face of the wall panel.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, ledit profilé supplémentaire comprend une cornière présentant une première branche venant à recouvrement au moins partiel de la partie en décroché, tout en maintenant un décroché entre ladite partie support de panneau mural et ladite première branche, et une deuxième branche formant ladite butée latérale.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, said additional profile comprises an angle having a first branch overlapping at least part of the hooked part, while maintaining a hook between said wall panel support portion and said first branch, and a second branch forming said lateral stop.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, ledit profilé du châssis de plancher comprend une partie support d'élément de plancher située à une hauteur supérieure à la partie support de panneau mural.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, said profile of the floor frame comprises a floor element support portion located at a height greater than the wall panel support portion.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, les deux longerons opposés dudit châssis de plancher comprenant deux profilés ouverts longitudinalement en direction l'un de l'autre, ledit châssis de plancher comprend aussi des traverses, appelées solives, qui relient entre eux lesdits longerons en s'étendant jusqu'à l'intérieur desdits longerons.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the two opposite longitudinal members of said floor frame comprising two sections open longitudinally in the direction of one another, said floor frame also comprises sleepers, called joists, which connect said longitudinal members together. extending to the inside of said longitudinal members.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la portion de dessous de chaque longeron du châssis de plancher présente une partie, appelée partie support de solives, qui est sensiblement parallèle au plan moyen du châssis de plancher et sur laquelle lesdites solives sont fixées en appui, par exemple par rivetage.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the bottom portion of each spar of the floor frame has a portion, called the joist support portion, which is substantially parallel to the middle plane of the floor frame and on which said joists are fixed in support. for example by riveting.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, chacun des deux longerons du cadre de l'ossature de plancher est formé par un tel profilé et/ou chacune des deux traverses du cadre de l'ossature de plancher est formée par un tel profilé.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, each of the two longitudinal members of the frame of the floor frame is formed by such a profile and / or each of the two cross members of the frame of the floor frame is formed by such a profile.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, l'ossature de plancher présente des orifices d'évacuation ménagés pour évacuer l'eau collectée dans ledit espace libre défini entre la partie en décroché et le dessous dudit panneau mural.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the floor frame has evacuation orifices arranged to evacuate the water collected in said free space defined between the unhooked portion and the underside of said wall panel.
L'invention concerne également un procédé d'assemblage d'une construction modulaire qui comprend un châssis de plancher, un châssis de plafond, et deux cadres formant les pignons d'extrémité de la construction modulaire, chaque châssis comprenant deux longerons opposés formés par des profilés, chaque cadre comprenant deux montants creux reliés l'un à l'autre par une traverse inférieure et une traverse supérieure, ladite traverse supérieure d'au moins l'un des cadres formant un chéneau qui débouche à au moins une de ses extrémités dans l'un des montants dudit cadre,
et chaque cadre étant équipé de pattes d'assemblage avec les longerons des châssis de plafond et de plancher,
caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
- assemblage par soudure du ou de chaque chéneau aux montants du ou de chaque cadre pignon correspondant,
- emboitement des pattes d'assemblage des cadres pignons dans les longerons correspondants des châssis de plancher et de plafond,
- rivetage desdites pattes d'assemblage des cadres pignons avec lesdits longerons.
and each frame being provided with assembly tabs with the longitudinal members of the ceiling and floor frames,
characterized in that said method comprises the following steps:
- welding assembly of the or each gutter to the uprights of the or each corresponding pinion frame,
- interlocking the assembly tabs of the pinion frames in the corresponding stringers of the floor and ceiling frames,
- riveting said assembly tabs of the pinion frames with said longitudinal members.
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective de l'ossature d'une construction modulaire selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention à l'état assemblé des châssis de plancher et de plafond avec les cadres pignons ; - la
figure 1A est une vue en perspective selon un autre angle de la construction modulaire de lafigure 1 , à l'état rempli de l'ossature des châssis et des pignons et en position écartée d'un cadre pignon par rapport au reste de la construction ;
- la
figure 2 est une vue de détail de la construction de lafigure 1 au niveau de la liaison entre un montant de cadre pignon muni d'un chéneau et d'un longeron du châssis de plafond ; - la
figure 2A est une vue en perspective d'une panne de rive assemblée avec un longeron de châssis de plafond conformément à l'invention ; - la
figure 3 est une vue de détail d'un cadre pignon de la construction de lafigure 1 montrant un montant du cadre pignon relié à une traverse inférieure dudit cadre et équipé d'une patte d'assemblage à un longeron de châssis plancher ; - la
figure 4 est une vue de détail de la construction de lafigure 1 au niveau de la zone de liaison entre une patte d'assemblage d'un montant et un longeron de châssis plancher ; - la
figure 5 est une vue en perspective et en coupe partielle du châssis de plancher de la construction de lafigure 1A ; - la
figure 5A est une vue en perspective d'une traverse du châssis de plancher de lafigure 5 ; - la
figure 6 est une vue en coupe transversale du châssis de plancher de la construction de lafigure 1A .
- the
figure 1 is a perspective view of the frame of a modular construction according to an embodiment of the invention in the assembled state of the floor and ceiling frames with the gable frames; - the
Figure 1A is a perspective view from another angle of the modular construction of thefigure 1 , in the filled condition of the framework of the frames and the gables and in the spaced apart position of a gable frame with respect to the rest of the construction;
- the
figure 2 is a detail view of the construction of thefigure 1 at the level of the connection between a sprocket frame with a gutter and a spar of the ceiling frame; - the
Figure 2A is a perspective view of a bank failure assembly with a ceiling frame spar according to the invention; - the
figure 3 is a detail view of a gable frame the construction of thefigure 1 showing an amount of the pinion frame connected to a lower rail of said frame and equipped with an assembly tab to a floor frame spar; - the
figure 4 is a detail view of the construction of thefigure 1 at the level of the connection zone between a mounting lug of an upright and a floor frame spar; - the
figure 5 is a perspective view and partial section of the floor frame of the construction of theFigure 1A ; - the
Figure 5A is a perspective view of a cross member of the floor frame of thefigure 5 ; - the
figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the floor frame of the construction of theFigure 1A .
La construction modulaire décrite ci-après peut être installée sur site de manière pérenne ou de manière démontable par exemple dans le cadre d'une location.The modular construction described below can be installed on site permanently or removably for example in the context of a lease.
La construction modulaire décrite ci-dessous peut être assemblée à d'autres constructions modulaires identiques ou similaires par juxtaposition et/ou superposition pour former par exemple des bâtiments de type bureaux, habitation et de manière plus générale tout type d'établissement recevant du public (ERP).The modular construction described below can be assembled to other identical or similar modular constructions by juxtaposition and / or superposition to form for example office-type buildings, housing and more generally any type of institution receiving the public ( ERP).
Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures, en particulier aux
Chaque châssis 1, 5 comprend deux longerons 10, 50 opposés reliés entre eux par des traverses 2, 51, 52. Lesdits longerons et traverses sont formés par des profilés. Les traverses 2 du châssis de plancher 1 sont appelées solives, et celles 51, 52 du châssis de plafond 5 sont appelées pannes.Each
Les châssis de plancher 1 et de plafond 5 sont reliés l'un à l'autre par deux cadres 4 parallèles opposés formant les pignons d'extrémité de la construction modulaire.The
Les cadres 4 pignons s'étendent sensiblement perpendiculairement auxdits châssis 1, 5. Chaque cadre 4 comprend deux montants 40 tubulaires reliés l'un à l'autre par une traverse inférieure 41 et une traverse supérieure 45. Chaque cadre 4 pignon est rempli par un panneau 42.The
La structure formée des longerons 10 du châssis de plancher et des traverses inférieures 41 des cadres pignons peut être considérée comme une ossature de plancher formant un cadre support des éléments de plancher 3, puisque comme détaillé ci-après, lesdits longerons 10 et traverses 41 présentent une forme similaire et supportent les éléments de plancher 3.The structure formed of the
Ladite traverse supérieure 45 d'au moins l'un des cadres 4 pignons forme un chéneau qui débouche à au moins une de ses extrémités dans l'un des montants 40 dudit cadre 4 via une ouverture 405 ménagée dans ledit montant 40.Said
Le chéneau 45 dudit cadre 4 pignon est assemblé par soudage aux montants 40 dudit cadre 4.The
Chaque cadre 4 est équipé de pattes d'assemblage 450, 401 soudées audit cadre 4. Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures, lesdites pattes d'assemblage 450, 401 sont soudées aux montants 40 dudit cadre 4. Lesdites pattes d'assemblage 450, 401 sont assemblées par rivetage avec les longerons 50, 10 des châssis de plafond 5 et de plancher 1.Each
Comme illustré aux
Lesdites pattes d'assemblage comprennent en particulier des pattes d'assemblage inférieures 401 emboitées et rivetées à l'intérieur des longerons 10 du châssis de plancher 1, et des pattes d'assemblage supérieures 450 emboitées et rivetées à l'intérieur des longerons 50 du châssis de plafond 5.Said assembly tabs include in particular
Les rivets sont de type "structurel", c'est-à-dire dimensionnés de manière à supporter les efforts, notamment de traction et de cisaillement, exercés sur les châssis et cadres pignons des constructions. Les opérations de rivetage peuvent être réalisées à l'aide de rivets de type "rivet aveugle", tels que ceux vendus sous la marque "Magna-Lock".The rivets are of "structural" type, that is to say, sized to withstand the forces, including traction and shear, exerted on the frame and gable frames of the constructions. Riveting operations can be performed using "blind rivet" type rivets, such as those sold under the trademark "Magna-Lock".
On peut prévoir que chaque cadre pignon 4 soit muni d'un chéneau 45 soudé aux montants 40 dudit cadre 4 pour récupérer les eaux pluviales. Dans ce cas, les éléments de toiture 6 qui recouvrent le châssis de plafond 5 sont agencés avec les pannes 51, 52 du châssis de plafond 5 de manière à former une toiture à deux pentes dirigées l'une vers un cadre pignon, l'autre vers l'autre cadre pignon.It can be provided that each
Dans ce cas, l'eau collectée par chaque chéneau est évacuée à travers l'un des ou les montants 40 du cadre pignon 4 correspondant qui présente(nt) une ouverture 405 communiquant avec une extrémité du chéneau 45.In this case, the water collected by each gutter is evacuated through one or the
En outre, comme illustré à la
Les longerons 50, 10 des châssis de plafond 5 et de plancher 1 sont des profilés creux ouverts dans le sens de la longueur dudit profilé, de forme générale en U ou C adaptée pour conserver une grande rigidité. L'utilisation de tels profilés permet de réduire le poids de la construction.The
Les traverses 51, 52 (ou pannes) du châssis de plafond 5 comprennent des traverses d'extrémité 52, encore appelées pannes de rives, qui sont fixées auxdits longerons 50, mais en restant écartées du fond desdits longerons 50 correspondants pour permettre l'insertion des pattes d'assemblage 450 du cadre pignon 4 correspondant (voir
Les traverses du châssis de plafond 5 comprennent également des traverses intermédiaires 51, appelées pannes intermédiaires, qui s'étendent jusque dans le fond des longerons 50 pour augmenter la rigidité desdits longerons et donc du châssis de plafond 5. Avantageusement, les pannes 51, 52 sont fixées aux longerons 50 par rivetage. Les éléments de toiture 6 sont fixés aux pannes 51, 52 par vissage. Les hauteurs des pannes 51, 52 sont adaptées pour obtenir avec les éléments de toiture 6 les pentes de toit souhaitées comme expliqué ci-dessus.The cross members of the
Comme rappelé ci-dessus, le ou chaque chéneau 45 est agencé pour récupérer les eaux qui s'écoulent des éléments de toiture 6. Chaque montant 40 de cadre 4 comprend au niveau de son extrémité supérieure un anneau de levage 43.As recalled above, the or each
Chaque longeron 10 du châssis de plancher 1 comprend un profilé ouvert longitudinalement. La portion de dessus présente, en section transversale, une partie support 12 de panneau. Ladite partie support 12 de panneau supporte le dessous d'un panneau 80 mural sur une partie de sa largeur. Ledit panneau mural 80 remplit l'espace délimité entre ledit longeron 10 du châssis de plancher 1 et le longeron 50 correspondant du châssis de plafond 5.Each
Ledit panneau mural 80 est destiné à s'étendre perpendiculairement au plan moyen formé par les longerons du châssis de plancher. Ledit panneau 80 mural s'étend en particulier entre le châssis de plancher 1 et le châssis de plafond 5,Said
Ledit longeron 10 présente aussi une partie 13 en décroché par rapport à ladite partie support 12 de panneau et située en regard d'une partie de la largeur du dessous du panneau mural 80, pour ménager un espace libre entre le dessous du panneau mural 80 et le fond de cette partie 13 en décroché du longeron 10. Autrement dit, la partie 13 prolonge la partie 12 support de panneau tout en étant située à une hauteur inférieure à celle de la partie 12 support de panneau, et la partie 13 est située par rapport à la partie 12 du côté orienté vers l'extérieur de la construction.Said
Chaque longeron 10 du châssis de plancher 1 reçoit un profilé supplémentaire 8 en forme générale de cornière présentant une première branche 81 venant à recouvrement au moins partiel de la partie 13 en décroché, tout en maintenant un décroché entre ladite partie 12 support de panneau mural 80 et ladite première branche 81. Ladite cornière comprend aussi une deuxième branche 82 formant butée latérale externe vis-à-vis dudit panneau mural 80.Each
Autrement dit, la deuxième branche 82 est située du côté de la partie 13 en décroché, opposé à la partie 12 support de panneau mural. Le bord libre longitudinal de la première branche 81 est plié en retour pour former en coopération avec la deuxième branche 82 une rigole d'écoulement d'eau.In other words, the
La partie 13 du longeron 10 en décroché par rapport à celle 12 qui porte le dessous du panneau mural 80 permet, en coopération avec le profilé supplémentaire 8, de créer une zone de collecte d'eau écartée dudit panneau mural correspondant et ainsi de le maintenir hors d'eau ce qui réduit le risque de corrosion et de dégradation de son isolant. En conséquence, les panneaux muraux sont moins soumis à la corrosion et l'isolant desdits panneaux présente une meilleure longévité.The
De manière générale, ladite ossature présente des orifices d'évacuation ménagés pour évacuer l'eau collectée dans ledit espace libre défini entre la partie 13 en décroché et le dessous dudit panneau mural 80. En particulier, dans l'exemple illustré aux figures, le profilé 8 supplémentaire rapporté sur le longeron 10 du châssis de plancher présente une pluralité d'orifices traversants, formant lesdits orifices d'évacuation, qui sont ménagés, de préférence dans la zone de liaison entre les deux branches 81, 82, le long dudit profilé supplémentaire pour permettre à l'eau collectée dans ledit profilé de s'évacuer. De manière additionnelle ou alternative, on peut prévoir que ces orifices d'évacuation soient ménagés à travers le profilé 10 et/ou dans un ou plusieurs montants de la construction.In general, said framework has evacuation orifices arranged to evacuate the water collected in said free space defined between the unhooked
Le profilé 10 comprend aussi au voisinage de la partie support 12 de panneau, du côté opposé à la partie en décroché 13, un pli 112 formant butée latérale interne vis-à-vis du panneau 80 mural.The
Le panneau mural 80 s'étend entre le profilé longitudinal 10 du châssis de plancher 1 qui le porte et le profilé longitudinal 50 correspondant du châssis de plafond 5. Avantageusement, ledit longeron 50 du châssis de plafond 5 comprend une partie en forme de U tourné vers le longeron 10 du châssis de plancher 1 pour recevoir le dessus du panneau mural 80 correspondant.The
Chaque longeron 10, 50 décrit ci-dessus peut être réalisé en acier par profilage à froid. Ledit profilé est mis en forme à partir de bobine de tôle pouvant avoir déjà reçu un traitement contre la corrosion, par exemple par procédé Sendzimir (marque déposée), et/ou un traitement de surface de finition, tel qu'un pré-laquage.Each
Ledit profilé longitudinal 10 du châssis de plancher 1 comprend aussi une partie 11 support d'élément de plancher 3 située à une hauteur supérieure à la partie 12 support de panneau 80.Said
La partie 11 support d'élément de plancher 3 et la partie 12 support de panneau 80 sont séparées l'une de l'autre par ledit pli 112, perpendiculaire auxdites parties support 11, 12, qui forme ladite butée latérale vis-à-vis de la face interne du panneau 80.The floor
Le panneau mural 80 descend ainsi jusqu'à un niveau inférieur à celui des éléments de plancher 3 (encore appelés platelage) portés par les solives 2 du châssis de plancher, de sorte que le panneau 80 mural forme une barrière thermique au niveau des éléments de plancher, ce qui permet d'améliorer l'isolation thermique de la construction.The
La face latérale externe de chaque longeron 10 du châssis de plancher 1 présente aussi une partie en renfoncement 15 pour permettre de loger les têtes de rivets de connexion avec les cadres pignons. La face latérale externe de chaque longeron 50 du châssis de plafond 5 présente aussi une partie en renfoncement utile pour le logement des têtes de rivets de connexion avec les cadres pignons et/ou les pannes.The outer side face of each
Ainsi, plusieurs constructions modulaires peuvent être positionnées côte à côte par appui entre elles de leurs parties 14 protubérantes qui bordent les parties en renfoncement 15, sans être gênées par les têtes de rivet contenues entre les renfoncements 15 correspondants des longerons.Thus, several modular buildings can be positioned side by side by support between them of their protruding
La portion de dessous du profilé longitudinal 10 du châssis de plancher 1, opposée à celle de dessus qui présente les parties support 11, 12, présente une partie 16 d'appui au sol et une partie 17 support de traverses 2.The bottom portion of the
La partie 17 support de traverses 2 est écartée de ladite partie 16 d'appui au sol en direction desdites parties support 11, 12. Ladite partie 17 est une partie sensiblement horizontale sur laquelle prennent appui les solives 2. Le maintien des solives 2 du châssis de plancher 1, écartées du sol permet d'améliorer l'isolation du plancher 3 et de réduire le risque de remontée d'humidité.The
La partie 17 support de traverses 2 permet également de supporter l'isolant qui s'étend entre les solives 2 éventuellement par l'intermédiaire d'éléments de sous faces 9. Les sous faces 9 permettent de protéger l'isolant entre solives contre les risques de projection et contre les rongeurs.The
En particulier, grâce à l'ouverture longitudinale desdits longerons 10, il est également possible d'améliorer de manière importante l'isolation thermique de la construction en disposant de l'isolant thermique entre les solives 2 et jusqu'à l'intérieur des longerons 10. En effet, lesdits longerons 10 sont ouverts du côté intérieur dudit châssis de plancher 1, en direction l'un de l'autre, ce qui permet de disposer de l'isolant entre deux solives 2 de manière continue d'un longeron 10 à l'autre du châssis de plancher 1.In particular, thanks to the longitudinal opening of said
En outre, l'ouverture longitudinale de chaque longeron 10 du châssis de plancher permet d'assembler, de préférence par rivetage, les solives 2 à l'intérieur desdits longerons 10, ce qui réduit le risque de torsion desdits longerons 10 et augmente donc la rigidité du châssis de plancher 1. Préférentiellement, lesdites solives 2 sont fixées à l'intérieur des longerons 10 en appui sur une partie sensiblement horizontale 17, de sorte que, les solives 2 étant principalement soumises à des charges verticales vers le bas, les liaisons d'assemblage entre solives 2 et longerons 10 sont peu sollicitées.In addition, the longitudinal opening of each
A cet effet, on peut prévoir de fixer par rivetage vertical la base 29 de chaque solive 2 à la partie support 17 de chaque longeron 10 du châssis de plancher.For this purpose, it is possible to fix by vertical riveting the
La forme ouverte du longeron 10 permet d'équiper aisément ledit châssis de plancher 1 avec des passages de fourche 19, comme illustré aux
Les différentes parties du longeron 10 décrites ci-dessus sont formées d'une seule pièce avec le reste du longeron, à l'exception du profilé 8 rapporté sur la portion supérieure dudit longeron 10.The different parts of the
Ainsi, chacun des profilés 10 utilisés pour former les longerons du châssis de plancher 1 combine les fonctions de support d'éléments de plancher et de support de solives, ainsi que les fonctions de support d'un panneau mural et d'écoulement des eaux de pluie à travers le profilé supplémentaire rapporté sur ledit longeron.Thus, each of the
Avantageusement, la traverse inférieure 41 de chaque cadre pignon 4 comprend un profilé similaire au profilé qui forme chaque longeron 10 du châssis de plancher 1.Advantageously, the
Le profilé 41 de chaque cadre pignon 4 comprend ainsi un profilé ouvert suivant sa longueur qui présente, en section transversale, une partie support 412 de panneau. Ladite partie support 412 de panneau supporte, sur une partie de sa largeur, le dessous du panneau 42 de remplissage du cadre 4.The
Ledit profilé 41 présente aussi une partie 413 en décroché par rapport à ladite partie support 412 de panneau et située en regard d'une partie de la largeur du dessous du panneau mural 42, pour ménager un espace libre entre le dessous du panneau mural 42 et le fond de cette partie 413 en décroché du profilé 41.
Ledit profilé 41 reçoit un profilé supplémentaire 48 en forme générale de cornière qui présente une première branche venant à recouvrement de la partie 413 en décroché, tout en maintenant un espace libre entre le panneau mural 42 et ledit profilé supplémentaire 48. Le profilé supplémentaire 48 comprend aussi une deuxième branche qui forme une butée latérale externe vis-à-vis dudit panneau mural 42.Said
La partie 413 en décroché du profilé 41 permet, en coopération avec le profilé supplémentaire 48, de créer une zone de collecte d'eau écartée dudit panneau mural correspondant et ainsi de le maintenir hors d'eau, ce qui réduit le risque de corrosion et de dégradation de son isolant.The
De manière générale, ladite ossature présente des orifices d'évacuation ménagés pour évacuer l'eau collectée dans ledit espace libre défini entre la partie 413 en décroché et le dessous dudit panneau mural 42. En particulier, dans l'exemple illustré aux figures, le profilé 48 supplémentaire rapporté sur le profilé 41 du châssis de plancher présente une pluralité d'orifices traversants, formant lesdits orifices d'évacuation, qui sont ménagés le long dudit profilé supplémentaire, de préférence dans la zone de liaison entre les deux branches, pour permettre à l'eau collectée dans ledit profilé de s'évacuer. De manière additionnelle ou alternative, on peut prévoir que ces orifices d'évacuation soient ménagés à travers le profilé 41 et/ou dans un ou plusieurs montants de la construction.In general, said framework has evacuation orifices arranged to evacuate the water collected in said free space defined between the
Le profilé 41 comprend aussi au voisinage de la partie support 412 de panneau, du côté opposé à la partie en décroché 413, un pli formant butée latérale interne vis-à-vis du panneau 42 mural.The
Le panneau mural 42 s'étend entre la traverse 41 inférieure du cadre 4 pignon qui le porte et la traverse supérieure 45 correspondante du cadre 4 pignon. Avantageusement, la traverse supérieure 45 comprend une partie en forme de U tournée vers la traverse 41 inférieure du cadre 4 pour recevoir le dessus du panneau mural 42 correspondant.The
Ledit profilé 41 comprend aussi une partie 411 support d'élément de plancher 3 située à une hauteur supérieure à la partie 412 support de panneau 42. La partie 411 support d'élément de plancher 3 et la partie 412 support de panneau 42 sont séparées l'une de l'autre par ledit pli, perpendiculaire auxdites parties support 411, 412, qui forme ladite butée latérale vis-à-vis de la face interne du panneau 42.
Le panneau mural 42 descend ainsi jusqu'à un niveau inférieur à celui des éléments de plancher 3 portés par les solives 2 du châssis de plancher, de sorte que le panneau 42 mural forme une barrière thermique au niveau des éléments de plancher, ce qui permet d'améliorer l'isolation thermique de la construction.The
La portion de dessous du profilé 41, opposée à celle de dessus qui présente les parties support 411, 412, présente une partie 416 d'appui au sol et une partie 417 support, écartée de ladite partie 416 d'appui au sol et sensiblement horizontale, qui peut être utilisée pour porter les sous-faces 9 qui relient les portions inférieures des solives 2 entre elles.The bottom portion of the
Chaque solive 2 du châssis de plancher 1 comprend, d'une part, une portion inférieure formant base d'appui 29 de la solive 2 sur chaque longeron 10 et, d'autre part, une portion supérieure qui comprend une partie support 23 d'un élément de rupture de pont thermique 24. Ladite portion supérieure comprend aussi des butées latérales 21, 22 qui s'étendent de part et d'autre de l'axe longitudinal de ladite partie support 23 pour contenir ledit élément de rupture de pont thermique 24. Le traitement des ponts thermiques et de l'isolation thermique est encore amélioré grâce à l'utilisation du longeron 10 ouvert longitudinalement qui permet d'appliquer l'isolant jusqu'à l'intérieur dudit longeron, sous le panneau mural correspondant et sous les éléments de plancher. En outre, comme illustré plus particulièrement à la
En outre, dans le cas de la réalisation de la traverse basse des cadres pignons avec un profilé ouvert suivant sa longueur, il est également possible d'appliquer l'isolant thermique jusqu'à l'intérieur dudit profilé.In addition, in the case of the realization of the lower cross gables frames with an open profile along its length, it is also possible to apply the thermal insulation to the inside of said profile.
Le fait de contenir le ou les éléments d'isolation thermique 24 entre deux butées latérales 21, 22 permet de s'assurer simplement, et sans fixation supplémentaire, que ledit élément d'isolation thermique 24 ne tombe pas au cours de la mise en place des éléments de plancher 3 en appui sur lesdits éléments d'isolation thermique 24.The fact of containing the thermal insulation element or
On entend par élément d'isolation thermique 24 un élément en matériau de conductivité thermique plus faible que le matériau utilisé pour la réalisation des solives, et de préférence des éléments de plancher, de manière à former une rupture de pont thermique entre les solives et les éléments de plancher. Ainsi, chaque élément d'isolation thermique 24 peut être réalisé dans un matériau tel que du bois, du plastique, ou en composite.By
Plusieurs types de pièces intermédiaires 24 peuvent être utilisés. On peut ainsi prévoir d'utiliser des pièces de section pleine ou creuse par exemple de forme rectangulaire, ou encore de section ouverte, par exemple en forme de U, et retournée afin de minimiser la surface d'échange thermique avec le profil métallique de la solive.Several types of
Chaque solive comprend aussi un corps principal 20 qui s'étend entre lesdites portions inférieure et supérieure de la solive 2, de préférence sensiblement verticalement, c'est-à-dire orthogonalement aux éléments de plancher 3. Ladite base d'appui 29 comprend deux pieds répartis de part et d'autre du corps principal 20 de la solive.Each joist also comprises a
Lesdites butées latérales 21, 22 s'étendent ainsi transversalement aux longerons. Chacune des butées latérales 21, 22 de ladite partie support 23 s'étend sur une hauteur inférieure à celle de l'élément de rupture de pont thermique 24 contenu entre lesdites butées latérales 21, 22 de sorte que les éléments de plancher 3 reposent en appui sur l'élément de rupture de pont thermique 24, sans contact direct avec la solive 2.Said lateral stops 21, 22 thus extend transversely to the longitudinal members. Each of the
Dans l'exemple illustré aux figures, chaque solive 2 est formée par profilage d'un flan. L'une 21 des butées latérales est formée par découpe du flan de solive 2 au niveau de plusieurs zones de la partie support 23. Ladite butée latérale 21 prend naissance à partir de la zone de pli entre le corps principal 20 et la partie support 23. Plusieurs parties du flan de solive sont ainsi découpées le long de ladite solive 2 et redressées à la manière de languettes pour former les butées 21 souhaitées.In the example illustrated in the figures, each
Une telle conception du châssis de plancher pour lequel des éléments d'isolation thermique sont interposés entre les solives 2 et les éléments de plancher 3, permet de réduire les ponts thermiques et ainsi de bénéficier d'une isolation thermique améliorée, de façon simple, fiable et rapide à mettre en oeuvre.Such a design of the floor frame for which thermal insulation elements are interposed between the
La base d'appui 29 qui s'étend de part et d'autre du corps principal 20 de la solive 2 forme également un support des éléments de sous face 9 qui relient les solives entre elles. Avantageusement, la base d'appui 29, le corps principal 20, la partie support 24 et les butées latérales 21, 22 de la solive sont formées d'une seule pièce.The
Préférentiellement, les éléments de panneaux 24 sont fixés, par exemple par vissage, à travers les éléments d'isolation thermique 24 et les solives correspondantes dudit châssis de plafond.Preferably, the
Ledit châssis de plancher 1 comprend une pluralité d'éléments de panneaux 3 liés les uns aux autres, de préférence par emboitement de type mâle/femelle. La zone de liaison entre deux panneaux 3 est située au droit d'un élément de rupture de pont thermique 24 porté par une solive 2.Said
La présente invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés, mais l'homme du métier saura y apporter toute variante conforme à son esprit.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, but the skilled person will be able to make any variant within his mind.
Claims (10)
et chaque cadre (4) comprenant deux montants (40) creux reliés l'un à l'autre par une traverse inférieure (41) et une traverse supérieure (45), ladite traverse supérieure (45) d'au moins l'un des cadres (4) formant un chéneau qui communique à au moins une de ses extrémités avec une ouverture (405) ménagée dans l'un des montants (40) dudit cadre (4),
caractérisée en ce que le chéneau (45) du ou de chaque cadre (4) est assemblé par soudage aux montants (40) dudit cadre (4),
et en ce que chaque cadre (4) est équipé de pattes d'assemblage (450, 401) assemblées par rivetage avec les longerons (50, 10) des châssis de plafond (5) et de plancher (1).Modular construction comprising a floor frame (1) and a ceiling frame (5), each frame (1, 5) comprising two opposite beams (10; 50) formed by profiles, said floor (1) and ceiling frames (5) being connected to each other by two opposite frames (4) forming the end gears of the modular construction,
and each frame (4) comprising two hollow uprights (40) connected to each other by a bottom rail (41) and an upper rail (45), said top rail (45) of at least one of frames (4) forming a gutter which communicates at at least one of its ends with an opening (405) formed in one of the uprights (40) of said frame (4),
characterized in that the gutter (45) of the or each frame (4) is assembled by welding to the uprights (40) of said frame (4),
and in that each frame (4) is provided with assembly lugs (450, 401) assembled by riveting with the longitudinal members (50, 10) of the ceiling (5) and floor (1) frames.
une partie support (12) de panneau apte à supporter le dessous d'un panneau (80) mural, ladite partie support (12) de panneau étant prolongée par une partie (13) en décroché par rapport à ladite partie support (12) de panneau pour ménager un espace libre entre le dessous dudit panneau mural (80) et cette partie (13) en décroché, ladite partie en décroché (13) étant située du côté de la partie support (12) le plus éloigné du centre du châssis de plancher (1).Construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , the floor frame (1) comprising a frame formed of longitudinal members and crosspieces, said longitudinal members and / or said cross members comprise a profile (10) open along its length which presents , in cross-section,
a support portion (12) of panel adapted to support the underside of a wall panel (80), said panel support portion (12) being extended by a portion (13) unhooked from said support portion (12) of panel for providing a free space between the underside of said wall panel (80) and this part (13) unhooked, said unhooked portion (13) being located on the side of the support portion (12) furthest from the center of the frame of floor (1).
et en ce que ledit profilé (10) est équipé d'un profilé (8) supplémentaire formant butée latérale vis-à-vis de la face externe du panneau mural (80).Construction according to claim 4, characterized in that said profile (10) of floor frame (1) has, on the side of the support portion (12) opposite panel to the part (13) unhooked, a fold (112) forming lateral stop vis-à-vis the inner face of the wall panel (80),
and in that said profile (10) is equipped with an additional profile (8) forming a lateral stop vis-à-vis the outer face of the wall panel (80).
chaque cadre (4) comprenant deux montants (40) creux reliés l'un à l'autre par une traverse inférieure (41) et une traverse supérieure (45), ladite traverse supérieure (45) d'au moins l'un des cadres (4) formant un chéneau qui débouche à au moins une de ses extrémités dans l'un des montants (40) dudit cadre (4),
et chaque cadre (4) étant équipé de pattes (450, 401) d'assemblage avec les longerons (50, 10) des châssis de plafond (5) et de plancher (1),
caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
each frame (4) comprising two hollow uprights (40) connected to each other by a bottom rail (41) and an upper rail (45), said top rail (45) of at least one of the frames (4) forming a gutter which opens at at least one of its ends into one of the uprights (40) of said frame (4),
and each frame (4) being provided with tabs (450, 401) for assembly with the longitudinal members (50, 10) of the ceiling (5) and floor (1) frames,
characterized in that said method comprises the following steps:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1255406A FR2991695B1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2012-06-11 | MODULAR CONSTRUCTION AND CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY METHOD |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2674538A1 true EP2674538A1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
EP2674538B1 EP2674538B1 (en) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=47049233
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20130170379 Active EP2674538B1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-06-04 | Modular construction and corresponding assembly method |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2674538B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2531618T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2991695B1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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US9347222B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2016-05-24 | Herve Bottin | Welded roof for modular building units |
US9556612B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2017-01-31 | Williams Scotsman, Inc. | Floor assembly for modular building units |
US9631365B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2017-04-25 | Williams Scotsman, Inc. | Interlocking wall panels for modular building units |
CN108974262A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Frame |
BE1025256B1 (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-12-19 | Constructie Bedrijf Zutendaal N.V. | Modular building unit |
WO2019034279A1 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2019-02-21 | Knauf Gips Kg | Modular system for creating a structure, module connector and structure comprising a modular system |
GB2596117A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-22 | Portakabin Ltd | A modular building unit |
CN114164942A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-11 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Assembled outer heat preservation steel construction box |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102015216125A1 (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-02 | Kramer Gmbh | Kit of a residential module |
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EP1564337A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-17 | Algeco | Module for modular construction system |
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- 2012-06-11 FR FR1255406A patent/FR2991695B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2013-06-04 ES ES13170379.5T patent/ES2531618T3/en active Active
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DE9312108U1 (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1993-11-11 | DSG Systembau GmbH, 56470 Bad Marienberg | Metal skeleton for the final expansion into a walk-in multi-purpose container |
EP1564337A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-08-17 | Algeco | Module for modular construction system |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9347222B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2016-05-24 | Herve Bottin | Welded roof for modular building units |
US9556612B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2017-01-31 | Williams Scotsman, Inc. | Floor assembly for modular building units |
US9631365B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2017-04-25 | Williams Scotsman, Inc. | Interlocking wall panels for modular building units |
RU2757267C2 (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2021-10-12 | Кнауф Гипс Кг | Frame, basic frame structure, module, profile, set of structural elements for modular construction and modular construction building |
JP2020535331A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-12-03 | クナウフ ギプス カーゲー | Modular and Modular Structures A set of frames, basic frameworks, modules, profiles, and building elements for buildings |
WO2019034279A1 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2019-02-21 | Knauf Gips Kg | Modular system for creating a structure, module connector and structure comprising a modular system |
WO2019034224A1 (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-02-21 | Knauf Gips Kg | Frame, basic framework, module, profile and set of structural elements for modular construction and a modular-construction building |
KR20200040287A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-04-17 | 크나우프 깁스 카게 | Set of frames, basic frameworks, modules, profiles and structural elements for modular structures buildings and modular structures |
CN111133159A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-05-08 | 可耐福石膏两合公司 | Frame, basic frame, module, profile, structural element group for modular construction and modular building |
JP2020531715A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-11-05 | クナウフ ギプス カーゲー | Buildings with modular systems, modular connectors, and modular systems for building structures |
JP2022163177A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2022-10-25 | クナウフ ギプス カーゲー | Frame, basic framework, module, profile, and set of building element for modular structure and modular structure building |
US11105088B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-08-31 | Knauf Gips Kg | Modular system for creating a structure, module connector and structure comprising a modular system |
CN114607050A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2022-06-10 | 可耐福石膏两合公司 | Frame, basic frame, module, profile, structural element group for modular construction and modular building |
BE1025256B1 (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-12-19 | Constructie Bedrijf Zutendaal N.V. | Modular building unit |
CN108974262A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Frame |
GB2596117A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-22 | Portakabin Ltd | A modular building unit |
CN114164942A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-11 | 中冶天工集团有限公司 | Assembled outer heat preservation steel construction box |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2991695B1 (en) | 2014-07-11 |
EP2674538B1 (en) | 2014-12-17 |
ES2531618T3 (en) | 2015-03-17 |
FR2991695A1 (en) | 2013-12-13 |
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