EP2669901B1 - Câble avec indicateur d'usure - Google Patents

Câble avec indicateur d'usure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2669901B1
EP2669901B1 EP12305609.5A EP12305609A EP2669901B1 EP 2669901 B1 EP2669901 B1 EP 2669901B1 EP 12305609 A EP12305609 A EP 12305609A EP 2669901 B1 EP2669901 B1 EP 2669901B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
cable
black
blue
yellow
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Active
Application number
EP12305609.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2669901A1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Meyer
Christian Lankes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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Publication date
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Priority to EP12305609.5A priority Critical patent/EP2669901B1/fr
Publication of EP2669901A1 publication Critical patent/EP2669901A1/fr
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Publication of EP2669901B1 publication Critical patent/EP2669901B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cable having a wear indicator formed by a wear-indicating state indicator of the cable, and to the use as a worn-state indicating device such as abrasion.
  • cables of the term cables are optionally included.
  • the invention relates to cables that form part of a drag chain, such as cables, which are arranged in mutually movable members of a holder.
  • the invention relates to a method in which the jacket of the cable is subjected to a mechanical stress, in particular by abrasion.
  • a cable has an inner sheath within its outer sheath, and optionally, within the outer sheath, an adjacent shield of metal or conductive polymer and / or a coil, e.g. arranged inside or outside the shield, in particular a paper-containing or ceramic-containing winding.
  • the US 2007/0089898 A1 describes a suitable for induction loops in road cable, which is characterized by two layers of, for example, cross-linked polyethylene, which form the shell.
  • the EP 2367177 A1 describes a method for producing cables, in which two masses are applied concentrically around a stranded wires by a common nozzle, which form an inner sheath with an approximately constant layer thickness and an outer sheath resting on it, which fills the gusset of the stranded cores simulated by the inner sheath and a cylindrical outer circumference forms.
  • the JP 2001 043748 A shows in the English abstract a cable with a coat of two differently colored layers, which have a serrated boundary layer.
  • the two layers are differently colored to indicate abrasion.
  • the English summary of the JP 2006 286304 shows for a cable that is to be resistant to abrasion by trees, within a comprehensive envelope three cables, each having a coat of an abrasion-resistant layer and an underlying display layer, which are colored differently. Since the layer is referred to as abrasion-resistant and the underlying layer as the display layer, it can be assumed that the respective polymer mixtures are different.
  • the EP 0 802 542 A2 shows a cable in which an external semiconductor layer is disposed on an insulating layer with different colors to show abrasion.
  • the US 6,207,902 B shows a cable on a moving aryne having a cladding and an underlying insulating layer in contrasting color.
  • a multilayer clad is not mentioned.
  • the English summary of the JP 20112223 64 shows only a conductor with an inner layer and an outer layer, which should reflect light.
  • the DE 10 2009 047745 A1 shows a cable with an indicator layer which is located between an inner sheath and an outer sheath and should escape in case of damage to the outer sheath.
  • the indicator layer does not qualify as a cladding layer because it has no mechanical strength.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a cable with a structure which is suitable for use as a wear indicator for the wear state of the cable, and a method for manufacturing the cable.
  • the invention solves the problem with the features of the claims and in particular with a cable having at least one electrical or optical conductor, preferably two or more conductors, which are each provided with insulation and form cores, which are preferably stranded together.
  • the cable is characterized in that the outer jacket has a first layer forming the outer surface of the cable and a second layer disposed adjacent the first layer and having a color different from the color of the first layer throughout, e.g. a contrasting color to the first layer, wherein the outer jacket has a third layer disposed within the second layer adjacent third, which has a different color from the color of the first and / or the second layer, in particular a contrasting color.
  • the coloring of a layer or a polymer mixture is referred to as the color resulting from their constituents, wherein the content of dye is optional.
  • the continuity of the color consists in the fact that the layer has the deviating color or the contrasting color through its entire layer thickness.
  • the contrasting color is a complementary color.
  • the first layer is non-fluorescent and non-phosphorescent, in particular, the first layer is black, e.g. by a content of carbon black, and the second and / or third layer has a non-fluorescent or a fluorescent or phosphorescent deviating color, in particular a contrasting color.
  • the second layer is yellow, orange or red
  • the second layer is preferably white, yellow or orange and the third layer is red.
  • the contrast color for the second and third layers may be selected from the colors that are yellow to red, eg, red, for a first layer that is black, gray, or white. include or consist of orange or yellow, green or purple to blue, which may optionally be fluorescent or phosphorescent.
  • the first layer has a color, for example red, blue, yellow, green
  • the second layer may have a contrasting color thereto, for example as shown in Table 1.
  • the cable may e.g. a ribbon cable having an outer shell of oval to elongated cross-section, have a different geometry or be a round cable with an outer shell with an annular cross-section, optionally arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell shielding and / or winding.
  • the outer jacket is preferably on an inner shell, optionally on a winding and / or shielding.
  • the cable is formed in a different color, e.g., by the outer jacket, with at least a first and a second layer disposed within and adjacent to the first layer. in contrasting color, with a third layer arranged inside and adjacent to the second layer in a color deviating from the color of the first and / or the second layer, in particular in contrasting color, for use as a wear indicator, in particular for abrasion wear.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the outer sheath of the cable as a display device for the wear state of the cable, in particular by abrasion.
  • the layers of the outer jacket preferably have a uniform layer thickness along their circumference.
  • the layer thicknesses can be equal to each other.
  • the first layer is substantially thicker than the second and / or as the third layer, e.g.
  • the second and / or third layer may have a thickness of from 2 to 30%, preferably from 5 to 10%, of the thickness of the first layer, so that the abrasion substantially reduces the first layer and only after the first layer has rubbed through, the first layer Layer lying second and / or third layer is visible and indicates the abrasion of the first layer.
  • the contrasting colors of the layers which form the outer jacket make the outer jacket or the cable with this outer jacket suitable for use as a display device for the wear condition or as a wear indicator, since wear, for example due to abrasion, initially removes the first layer in sections, thereby reducing the wear second layer is visible and by further wear also removes the second layer and leaves the third layer visible.
  • coloring the layers of the Outer sheath in contrasting colors is generated when removing the first layer optically easy to identify signal for wear, so in good time before damage to a shield, a winding or the wires within the cable, the removal of the outer shell is visible and therefore an optical signal is recognizable, the indicates wear to the end of the life of the cable and can trigger the repair or replacement of the cable.
  • An advantage of the cable is that this optical signal, which is visible through the partial removal of at least the first layer of the outer sheath, is produced in the functioning cable or before impairment of the functionality or reliability of the cable.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating an electrical device with the step of mechanical wear of a cable according to the invention, which is characterized by the at least partially removing at least the first layer of the outer jacket of the cable from the second and / or third layer, preferably with the subsequent repair or replacement of the cable against one with less efficiency, or against a new cable.
  • the cable may be moved relative to a surface, for example, by placing the cable in a guide made of articulated links so that the cable forms part of a drag chain.
  • a cable according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for use as a drag chain, or as part of a drag chain arrangement, and / or for use as a mobile and / or abrasion-loaded cable, e.g. as mobile cables for mining or open pit mining, or as cables fastened between two relatively movable holding devices and abraded, e.g. as a cable of a robotic arm.
  • the cable suitable for use in accordance with the invention may be produced by successively extruding the layers forming the outer jacket, optionally by successive extrusion or by simultaneous extrusion of the layers forming the outer jacket.
  • the simultaneous extrusion may, for example, take place with a nozzle through the central channel of which the elements of the cable arranged inside the outer jacket are guided, around which a polymer mixture of annular cross-section is extruded for each layer, and subsequently the cable, including the outer jacket, is moved through a nozzle, to form the outer surface of the cable.
  • the layers of the Outer jacket can be extruded through an extrusion die, for example, from the EP 2367177 is known and has annular feed channels, which are arranged concentrically and allows a concentric extrusion of the layers of the outer jacket to the disposed within the outer jacket elements of the cable.
  • the layer of the outer jacket with the smallest radius is first extruded around the elements of the cable arranged inside the outer jacket.
  • the layer of the outer sheath with the smallest radius may be the third or second layer. Subsequently, the layer with the next larger radius is extruded by extrusion onto the already extruded layer, until finally the first layer is applied by extrusion.
  • the layers of the outer shell each consist of the same polymer mixture, to each of which the dye for the specific coloring of the layer is added.
  • An outer layer of layers of the same polymer mixture, each containing a dye for the specific coloring of the layer, has the advantage of the solid, adhesive compound of the layers and offers for the manufacturing process the advantage that a polymer mixture prepared and proportionally with the specific dyes for the layers can be added, in particular with simultaneous extrusion of the outer shell forming layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cable with three wires from a respective conductor 1 with an insulation 2, which are stranded together and are covered by an inner shell 3.
  • the outer jacket consists of a first layer 4, which forms the outer surface of the cable and within which a second layer 5 is applied.
  • the second layer 5 is immediately adjacent to a third Layer 6 on.
  • the second layer 5 is colored in a contrasting color to the first layer 4.
  • the third layer 6 is colored in a contrasting color to the first layer 4 and to the second layer.
  • Preferred color combinations of the layers of the outer shell are given in the following table: ⁇ u> Table 1: Colors of outer layer layers: ⁇ / u> second layer white to yellow second layer of orange second layer red second layer green second layer purple to blue first layer black third layer red or blue third layer red or blue third layer white to yellow, purple to blue or green third layer white to yellow, orange, red or purple to blue third layer white to yellow or red, orange or green first layer white third layer red, purple to blue, green or black third layer red or, violet to blue, green or black third layer yellow, violet to blue, green or black third layer yellow to orange, red or purple to blue, or black third layer yellow to orange or red or black first layer violet third layer green or black third layer green or black third layer green, white, yellow or black third layer red, orange, yellow or black - first layer of orange third layer green or black - third layer green, white or black third layer purple to blue, white or black third layer green, white or black first layer red or black third layer red or black third layer red or black third layer red or black third
  • the color combination indicated in Table 1 are selected examples, but any other color combination of the layers may be selected in which the layers of the outer shell have different colors, so that they are visually easily distinguishable and can detect the state of wear.
  • the first layer may be e.g. Carbon black (first layer black) or titanium dioxide (first layer white), the second polymer mixture a yellow dye (second layer yellow) and the third polymer mixture Paligonrot (third layer red) may be added.
  • first layer black Carbon black
  • titanium dioxide first layer white
  • second polymer mixture a yellow dye second layer yellow
  • third polymer mixture Paligonrot third layer red
  • Fig. 2 shows in a section of a cable Fig. 1 in plan view that after abrasion of a portion of the first layer 4, the second layer 5 is visible. Since it is generally preferred that the layers of the outer jacket have substantially the same resistance, in particular with the exception of the dye, a polymer mixture thereof Having composition, the second layer 5 has a sufficient resistance to abrasion in order to maintain the functionality of the cable. The visibility of the second layer 5 serves as an indication of the wear of the cable, which is readily visible.
  • Fig. 3 shows the state of a portion of a cable after further wear, especially after further abrasion.
  • the further wear leads to the fact that within the area formed by the first layer 4 of the shell also the third layer becomes visible and forms a display.
  • a portion of the second layer 5 also remains visible between the third layer 6 and the first layer 4, as in FIG Fig. 3 is shown.

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  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Câble ou ligne avec au moins un conducteur (1), qui est enveloppé d'une gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6), dans lequel/laquelle la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) présente, comme système d'indication du degré d'usure, une première couche (4) en un premier mélange polymère qui forme la surface extérieure du câble et une deuxième couche (5) en un deuxième mélange polymère, agencée en contact à l'intérieur de la première couche (4), qui possède en continu une couleur différente de la couleur du premier mélange polymère, caractérisé(e) en ce qu'une troisième couche (6) en un troisième mélange polymère est agencée en contact à l'intérieur de la deuxième couche (5), qui possède en continu une couleur différente de la couleur du premier mélange polymère et/ou de la couleur du deuxième mélange polymère, etence que lescouchesde la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) se composent du même mélange polymère avec chaque fois un colorant, qui forme la couleur de la couche et en ce que les couches de la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) présentent une épaisseurde couche unique le long de sa périphérie.
  2. Câble ou ligne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé(e) en ce que la couleur différente est une couleur de contraste ouune couleur complémentaire.
  3. Câble ou ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé(e) en ce que la gaine extérieure se compose d'une première couche, d'une deuxième couche et d'une troisième couche agencée en contact à l'intérieur de la deuxième couche et les couleurs des couches présentent une des combinaisons suivantes: Deuxième couche blanche à jaune Deuxième couche orange Deuxième couche rouge Deuxième couche verte Deuxième couche violette à bleue Première couche noire Troisième couche rouge ou bleue Troisième couche rouge ou bleue Troisième couche blanche à jaune, violette à bleue ou verte Troisième couche blanche à jaune, orange, rouge ou violette à bleue Troisième couche blanche à jaune ou rouge, orange ou verte Première couche blanche Troisième couche rouge, violette à bleue, verte ou noire Troisième couche rouge ou violette à bleue, verte ou noire Troisième couche jaune, violette à bleue, verte ou noire Troisième couche jaune à orange, rouge ou violette à bleue, ou noire Troisième couche jaune à orange ou rouge ou noire Première couche violette Troisième couche verte ou noire Troisième couche verte ou noire Troisième couche verte, blanc he, jaune ou noire Troisième couche rouge, orange, jaune ou noire Première couche orange Troisième couche verte ou noire Troisième couche verte, blanche ou noire Troisième couche violette à bleue, blanche ou noire Troisième couche verte, blanche ou noire Première couche verte Troisième couche rouge ou noire Troisième couche violette, bleue ou noire Troisième couche blanche, jaune ou noire - Troisième couche jaune, orange, blanche ou noire Première couche grise Troisième couche rouge ou bleue Troisième couche rouge ou bleue Troisième couche blanche à jaune, violette à bleue ou verte Troisième couche blanche à jaune, orange, rouge ou violette à bleue Troisième couche blanche à jaune ou rouge, orange ou verte
  4. Câble ou ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé(e) en ce que la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) est adjacente à une gaine intérieure (3), un blindage et/ou un enroulement.
  5. Câble ou ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé(e) en ce qu'il est agencé dans des éléments mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre d'une chaîne d'entraînement à raclettes.
  6. Câble ou ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé(e) en ce que la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) présente une épaisseur de couche unique le long de son rayon.
  7. Câble ou ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé(e) en ce que la deuxième couche présente une épaisseurde 1 à 30 % de l'épaisseur de la première couche.
  8. Câble ou ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 6, caractérisé(e) en ce que les épaisseurs de couche des couches de la gaine extérieure sont égales les une aux autres.
  9. Utilisation de la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) d'un câble ou d'une ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comme système d'indication du degré d'usure du câble.
  10. Utilisation selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle le câble ou la ligne est utilisé(e) comme câble ou ligne soumis(e) à l'usure mobile et/ou agencé(e) entre des dispositifs de maintien mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  11. Procédé de conduite d'un dispositif électrique avec un câble ou une ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, qui est agencé entre deux dispositifs de maintien déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre et qui est mobile contre une partie du dispositif, comprenant les étapes suivantes:
    - déplacer la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) du câble en contact avec la partie du dispositif,
    - userla gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6), et
    - abraserlocalementla première couche (4) de la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) jusqu'à ce qu'au moins la deuxième couche (5) soit visible.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise l'apparition de la deuxième couche (5) de la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) comme indicateurdu degré d'usure du câble.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on enlève au moins localement la deuxième couche (5) parle mouvement du câble en contactavec la partie du dispositif et on fait apparaître la troisième couche (6).
  14. Procédé de fabrication d'un câble ou d'une ligne selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on extrude les mélanges polymères formant la gaine extérieure (4, 5, 6) avec une section transversale annulaire sur les élémentsducâble enveloppésparla gaine extérieure.
EP12305609.5A 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Câble avec indicateur d'usure Active EP2669901B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12305609.5A EP2669901B1 (fr) 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Câble avec indicateur d'usure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12305609.5A EP2669901B1 (fr) 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Câble avec indicateur d'usure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2669901A1 EP2669901A1 (fr) 2013-12-04
EP2669901B1 true EP2669901B1 (fr) 2015-09-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105427931A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-03-23 齐鲁电缆有限公司 一种减少控制线芯受力的采煤机软电缆

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9244046B2 (en) * 2012-12-03 2016-01-26 International Business Machines Corporation System for preventing undue bending of cables
EP3142125B1 (fr) * 2015-09-09 2021-05-05 Lapp Engineering AG Cable
DE102019105240A1 (de) * 2019-03-01 2020-09-03 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Ladekabel für eine Ladesäule mit einer Abnutzungsanzeige
DE102021123217A1 (de) 2021-09-08 2023-03-09 Semperit Ag Holding Einlagenelement zur Führung eines Seils oder Kabels, Seil- bzw. Kabelführungsrolle und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Einlagenelements
DE102021127848A1 (de) 2021-10-26 2023-04-27 Bender Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung und Lokalisierung von zyklischen Kurzzeit-Isolationsfehlern in einem ungeerdeten Stromversorgungssystem

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DK0802542T3 (da) * 1996-03-20 2002-04-22 Nkt Cables As Højspændingskabel
US5690146A (en) * 1996-08-20 1997-11-25 Aeroquip Corporation Hose and method for wear detection
US6207902B1 (en) * 1999-04-01 2001-03-27 Richard J. Balaguer Electrical wiring cable with color contrast abrasion wear indicator
JP2001043748A (ja) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-16 Sanwa Densen Kogyo Kk 耐摩耗性電線・ケーブル
JP2006286304A (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 J-Power Systems Corp 耐樹木ケーブル
US20070089898A1 (en) 2005-10-22 2007-04-26 Reno Agriculture And Electronics Multi-sheath multi-conductor cable
DE102009047745A1 (de) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-16 Prüftech GmbH Kabel mit Indikatormaterial zum Erkennen von Beschädigungen
ES2395709T3 (es) 2010-03-18 2013-02-14 Nexans Cable eléctrico y boquilla de extrusión para su fabricación
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105427931A (zh) * 2015-12-31 2016-03-23 齐鲁电缆有限公司 一种减少控制线芯受力的采煤机软电缆

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