EP2665669B1 - Système d'ascenseur - Google Patents

Système d'ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2665669B1
EP2665669B1 EP12757008.3A EP12757008A EP2665669B1 EP 2665669 B1 EP2665669 B1 EP 2665669B1 EP 12757008 A EP12757008 A EP 12757008A EP 2665669 B1 EP2665669 B1 EP 2665669B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
traction
elevator car
driving member
determination means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12757008.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2665669A4 (fr
EP2665669A1 (fr
Inventor
Risto Jokinen
Harri Hakala
Pekka Rantanen
Asmo Tenhunen
Riku Lampinen
Nithil Karimpanackal Natarajan
Sakari Korvenranta
Tuukka Kauppinen
Pekka Vuoti
Ari Pikivirta
Marko Saarinen
Petteri Valjus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
Original Assignee
Kone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corp filed Critical Kone Corp
Priority to EP13178244.3A priority Critical patent/EP2743225B1/fr
Publication of EP2665669A1 publication Critical patent/EP2665669A1/fr
Publication of EP2665669A4 publication Critical patent/EP2665669A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2665669B1 publication Critical patent/EP2665669B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B3/00—Applications of devices for indicating or signalling operating conditions of elevators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0037—Performance analysers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to solving the problems caused by a weakening of traction in an elevator system.
  • An elevator system can comprise a motor drive for moving an elevator car.
  • the motor drive usually comprises a hoisting machine of the elevator and also a power supply device, such as a frequency converter, of the hoisting machine.
  • the elevator car is moved in the elevator hoistway with elevator ropes, which travel in the grooves of the traction sheave of the hoisting machine.
  • the elevator car and the counterweight are suspended in the elevator hoistway such that their weight difference produces a force difference in the elevator ropes on the different sides of the traction sheave.
  • the friction force between the grooves of the traction sheave and the elevator ropes in the grooves compensates the aforementioned force difference caused by the weight difference of the elevator car and the counterweight.
  • the friction force transmits driving torque to the elevator ropes from the motor drive, i.e., the torque with which the elevator car is driven in the elevator hoistway. Also the force effect produced by the drive torque is different in the elevator ropes on the different sides of the traction sheave.
  • Fig. 1 presents a situation in which the rope forces T1, T2 acting in the elevator ropes 3 on the different sides of the traction sheave 1 are of different magnitudes, such that T2 > T1.
  • the indicator 11 presents the distribution on the traction sheave of the amplitude of the friction force between the elevator ropes 3 and the rope grooves 2 of the traction sheave, said friction force compensating the difference of the rope forces T1, T2.
  • the amplitude is at its greatest at the point 12A, where the section of rope having the greater rope force T2 arrives in the rope groove 2 of the traction sheave, and at its smallest at the point 12B, where the section of rope having the smaller rope force T2 diverges from the rope groove 2.
  • the rope elongation changes in relation to the rope groove 2 of the traction sheave such that the rope elongation is at its greatest at the point 12A and at its smallest at the point 12B.
  • the slip caused from rope elongation is normal, and the traction of the traction sheave fails only if the friction force 11 is no longer able to compensate the force difference acting in the elevator ropes 3 on the different sides of the traction sheave.
  • Slip of the traction sheave might increase e.g. owing to damage of the coating of a coated traction sheave.
  • the traction of the traction sheave can vary as a function of, among other things, the temperature of the traction sheave and of the elevator rope.
  • a belt can also be used, inside the matrix supporting the structure of which belt tractive strands, such as fibers or metal strands, are fitted.
  • Uncontrolled slip of the elevator ropes on the traction sheave causes problems. Uncontrolled slip is a potential safety risk, e.g. to a serviceman working in the elevator hoistway. In addition, slip during a run might affect the stopping accuracy of the elevator car.
  • the JP 2008 156127A and the EP 1 880 966 A1 disclose an elevator system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the aim of the invention is to solve the problems caused by a weakening of traction in an elevator system.
  • the invention discloses an elevator system according to claim 1.
  • the preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.
  • Various inventive embodiments and inventive combinations of the different embodiments are also presented in the descriptive section and in the drawings of the present application.
  • the elevator system comprises a driving member and also a hoisting means, which engages with the aforementioned driving member by frictional traction.
  • the elevator system also comprises traction determination means for determining the traction of the driving member.
  • the elevator system comprises a control circuit, which is configured to start a procedure ensuring the safety of the elevator system after the traction determination means have detected that the traction of the driving member has weakened. Consequently, the safety of the elevator system can be improved and the safety risk caused from a weakening of traction can be eliminated with the method according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to an elevator system, which comprises a hoisting means and also a driving member engaging with the hoisting means by frictional traction for moving the elevator car according to a movement profile to be determined for the movement of the elevator car.
  • the elevator system also comprises traction determination means for determining the traction of the driving member.
  • the elevator system comprises a control circuit for adapting the movement profile of the elevator car to the prevailing traction by changing the value of the movement magnitude of the elevator car in the movement profile of the elevator car on the basis of the determined traction. Consequently, by adapting the movement profile of the elevator car uncontrolled slip can be prevented, in which case operation of the elevator can, if necessary, also be continued despite a weakening of the traction.
  • the movement profile of the elevator car can be adapted to the prevailing traction automatically, and immediately it is detected that the traction has changed, without a manual resetting of the parameters of the elevator system performed by a serviceman.
  • a driving member refers in the invention to a structure that transfers the force effect produced by a drive device, such as by an electric motor of a hoisting machine of an elevator, into a force driving the hoisting means.
  • This type of driving member according to the invention is e.g. the traction sheave of an elevator.
  • hoisting means refers to a means that exerts a force on a load to be lifted, such as on an elevator car or on a structure moving along with the elevator car, for supporting and/or moving the load to be lifted.
  • This type of hoisting means is e.g. an elevator rope or belt traveling in a rope groove of a traction sheave and engaging by frictional traction with the traction sheave.
  • the elevator system comprises a control unit, which is configured to start a testing run for testing the traction of the driving member.
  • the traction determination means are configured to determine the traction of the driving member in connection with the testing run.
  • the elevator car is configured for moving at an increased acceleration and/or deceleration in connection with the testing run. In this case a larger than normal force difference can be formed in the hoisting means on the different sides of the driving member, owing to which a weakening of the traction of the driving member can be detected in time before it has an effect on the normal operation of the elevator.
  • maximum values and minimum values for acceleration and deceleration are preset in the system.
  • the control circuit is configured to decrease acceleration and/or deceleration in the movement profile of the elevator car after the traction determination means have detected that the traction of the driving member has weakened.
  • the force difference acting on the different sides of the driving member such as of the traction sheave, can be reduced and consequently the amount of traction needed for driving the elevator decreases.
  • the traction of the driving member can also weaken gradually e.g. when the lubricant of the elevator ropes wears away from the contact surface between the elevator ropes and the rope grooves.
  • control circuit is configured to increase acceleration and/or deceleration in the movement profile of the elevator car after the traction determination means have detected that the traction of the driving member has improved.
  • the control circuit is configured to increase acceleration and/or deceleration in the movement profile of the elevator car after the traction determination means have detected that the traction of the driving member has improved.
  • the traction determination means are configured to determine the traction of the driving member regularly while the elevator is in use. In this way the risk caused by a weakening of traction in an elevator system can be essentially reduced. When the risk decreases, the safety of the elevator system can also be better maintained by means of the traction of the traction sheave. Consequently, better safety than is known can also be achieved with a machinery brake braking the movement of a driving member, such as of a traction sheave, when using a machinery brake as a safety device braking the movement of an elevator car.
  • the machinery brake is used as a safety device in an elevator system, which comprises a measuring device, which is arranged to measure and/or to forecast the presence of an elevator car in a temporary safety space to be formed in the elevator hoistway.
  • the elevator system comprises a control circuit of a machinery brake, which is configured to activate the machinery brake when the measuring device detects and/or forecasts the presence of an elevator car in a temporary safety space formed in the elevator hoistway.
  • the aforementioned safety space can be formed in the proximity of an end of the elevator hoistway, in which case a serviceman can perform servicing work or installation work from a servicing space.
  • a temporary safety space is formed in the top part of the elevator hoistway.
  • a machinery brake is used as a confirmative safety device of the temporary safety space in the top part of the elevator hoistway, said machinery brake braking upward movement of an elevator car when the elevator car proceeds into the temporary safety space in the top part of the elevator hoistway.
  • the safety gear, i.e. the wedge brake, of the elevator car is used as a safety device of a temporary safety space to be formed in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway, which wedge brake wedging to a guide rail of the elevator car brakes downward movement of the elevator car in the elevator hoistway, when the elevator car proceeds into a temporary safety space in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway.
  • the machinery brake is used as a safety device to brake the movement of the elevator car when upward overspeed of an ascending elevator car is detected.
  • the machinery brake is used as a safety device when it is detected that an elevator is moving away from the door zone monitored by the door zone sensors of a stopping floor while the door of the elevator car and/or the landing door is open.
  • the aforementioned control circuit is configured to transfer the elevator out of use, when the traction determination means have detected that the traction of the driving member has weakened.
  • the elevator car can In this case be driven closer to the stopping floor at reduced acceleration and/or deceleration, after which the doors of the elevator car can still be opened before the elevator is switched to run prevention mode.
  • run prevention mode the control of the elevator switches into a mode in which a run with the elevator is prevented.
  • the elevator car is locked into its position in the elevator hoistway by activating the machinery brake.
  • the power supply to the hoisting machine of the elevator is disconnected.
  • the traction determination means comprise a sensor detecting the presence of an elevator car, which sensor is arranged to indicate information about the presence of an elevator car at a specified point of the elevator hoistway.
  • the traction determination means are configured to determine the value of a travel magnitude of the elevator car.
  • the travel magnitude can be e.g. the travel time of the elevator car or the position data of the elevator car, said position data to be determined on the basis of a measurement of the movement of the elevator car.
  • the traction determination means are configured to determine one or more limit values for a travel magnitude, such as estimated travel time or estimated position data, said limit value(s) to be determined on the basis of the normal traction of the driving member and to be connected to a certain measuring point in the elevator hoistway of a sensor detecting the presence of an elevator car, when the elevator car arrives at the measuring point in the elevator hoistway of the sensor detecting the presence of an elevator car.
  • a travel magnitude such as estimated travel time or estimated position data
  • the traction determination means are arranged to compare the aforementioned one or more limit values for a travel magnitude of the elevator car to the value for the travel magnitude of the elevator car that is the limit value specified for that travel magnitude at the corresponding point of the elevator hoistway, and the traction determination means are configured to deduce that the traction of the driving member has weakened when it is detected that a specified travel magnitude deviates by the limit value for the travel magnitude/from the permitted values specified with limit values. In this way the traction of the driving member can be determined regularly also during normal operation of the elevator, e.g. always when the elevator car arrives in the door zone of a stopping floor.
  • the traction determination means comprise an identifier in connection with the hoisting means.
  • the identifier can be e.g. an RFID identifier or a readable plate, or corresponding, fixed to the hoisting means, which plate indicates the type of the hoisting means, such as of the elevator rope, the lubricant used on the elevator rope, et cetera.
  • the traction determination means are configured to determine the traction of the driving member on the basis of the aforementioned identifier. For achieving sufficient traction, e.g.
  • the elevator rope or the lubricant of the rope can be selected to be of a certain type; in a preferred embodiment of the invention the lubricant of the rope must be of a specified composition for achieving sufficient traction between a groove of the traction sheave and an elevator rope lubricated with rope grease traveling in the groove.
  • the invention also relates to a method, in which frictional traction is directed between the driving member and the hoisting means, for moving the elevator car, the traction of the driving member is determined and also a procedure ensuring the safety of the elevator system is started, when it is detected that the traction of the driving member has weakened.
  • the invention also relates to a method, in which frictional traction is directed between the driving member and the hoisting means, for moving the elevator car according to a movement profile to be determined for the movement of the elevator car.
  • the traction of the driving member is determined and also the movement profile of the elevator car is adapted to the prevailing traction by changing the value of a movement magnitude of the elevator car in the movement profile of the elevator car on the basis of the determined traction.
  • an identifier is fitted in connection with the hoisting means and also the traction of the driving member is determined on the basis of the identifier fitted in connection with the hoisting means.
  • one or more limit values for a travel magnitude are determined, said limit value(s) to be determined on the basis of the normal traction of the driving member and to be connected to a certain measuring point in the elevator hoistway of a sensor detecting the presence of an elevator car, the presence of the elevator car at a specified point of the elevator hoistway is measured, a value for a travel magnitude of the elevator car is determined, the aforementioned one or more limit values for the travel magnitude of the elevator car are compared to the value for the travel magnitude of the elevator car that is specified as the limit value for that travel magnitude at the corresponding point of the elevator hoistway, and if it is detected that the specified travel magnitude deviates by the limit value/from permitted values specified with limit values, it is deduced that the traction of the driving member has weakened.
  • the invention relates to a safety arrangement of an elevator for forming a temporary safety space in an elevator hoistway.
  • the safety arrangement comprises a measuring device moving along with the elevator car and also an identifier, which is configured to cover in the vertical direction the part of the elevator hoistway intended to be a temporary safety space.
  • the measuring device moving along with the elevator car is configured to detect the presence of an elevator car in a temporary safety space when the measuring device is situated in the horizontal direction at the point of the identifier in the elevator hoistway.
  • safety relating to the traction of the driving member can also be improved in elevator systems in which the elevator mechanics to be moved, such as the elevator car, the elevator ropes, et cetera, are designed to be lighter than prior art.
  • sufficient traction can be achieved while at the same time utilizing the advantages derived from the reduction of the moving masses, such as energy saving and also reduction of the acceleration currents and deceleration currents of the hoisting machine.
  • the elevator system of Fig. 2 comprises an elevator car 10 and also an electric drive for moving the elevator car in the elevator hoistway 16 according to a speed reference 8 of the elevator car, which profile is formed by the elevator control unit 4.
  • the electric drive comprises a hoisting machine disposed in the top part of the elevator hoistway 16, which hoisting machine comprises an alternating current motor as the power producing part.
  • the electric drive comprises a frequency converter 17 for supplying variable-amplitude and variable-frequency current to the alternating current motor of the hoisting machine.
  • the elevator car 10 is suspended in the elevator hoistway 16 with elevator ropes 3 traveling in the rope grooves 2 of the traction sheave 1 integrated into the rotor of the hoisting machine.
  • the hoisting machine is, in this embodiment of the invention, fixed to the guide rail (not in figure) of the elevator car, in a space between the guide rail and the wall part of the elevator hoistway 16.
  • the hoisting machine could, however, also be fixed e.g. to a machine bedplate, and the hoisting machine could also be disposed elsewhere in the elevator hoistway, such as in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway. In an elevator system with machine room, the hoisting machine can be disposed in the machine room.
  • the elevator control unit 4 sends a speed reference 8 formed by it for the elevator car to the frequency converter 17 via a data transfer bus between the elevator control unit 4 and the frequency converter 17.
  • the frequency converter 17 measures the speed of rotation of the traction sheave 1 with a pulse encoder 5 and adjusts the torque of the alternating-current motor by adjusting the current flowing in the motor such that the speed of the traction sheave 1, and thereby of the elevator car 10, approaches the aforementioned speed reference 8 for the elevator car.
  • the hoisting machine comprises two machinery brakes 14, each of which comprises a brake frame conjoined with the frame part of the hoisting machine and a brake shoe (not in figure) movably supported on the brake frame. Between the brake frame and the brake shoe are thruster springs, which when the brake is activated press the brake shoe to engage with the braking surface on the traction sheave to brake the movement of the traction sheave.
  • the machinery brake is opened by supplying current to the electromagnet in the brake frame, which then pulls the brake shoe off the braking surface of the traction sheave by resisting the thrusting force of the thruster springs.
  • the current supply to the electromagnets of the machinery brakes occurs with a current supply circuit 15.
  • the machinery brakes 14 are used as a safety device to prevent uncontrolled movement of the elevator car in the elevator hoistway, e.g. in an overspeed situation of an ascending elevator car 10 and also when it is detected that an elevator car 10 is moving away from the door zone monitored by the door zone sensors 6B of a stopping floor 9 while the door of the elevator carlO and/or the landing door is open.
  • the machinery brakes 14 In order for the machinery brakes 14 to be used as a safety device to prevent uncontrolled movement of the elevator car, it must be possible to solve the safety problem relating to uncontrolled slipping of the elevator ropes 3 in the rope grooves of the traction sheave 1. Uncontrolled slipping might occur if the traction of the traction sheave weakens, i.e. the friction between the elevator ropes 3 and the rope grooves 2 is not for some reason sufficient.
  • the elevator system of Fig. 2 is provided with a safety arrangement, wherein the traction of the traction sheave 1 is determined regularly, and a procedure ensuring the safety of the elevator system is performed if it is detected that the traction of the traction sheave 1 has weakened.
  • a measuring device 6A moving along with the elevator car is fitted in connection with the elevator car.
  • the measuring device 6A detects the identifier 6B in the elevator hoistway when the measuring device 6A arrives at the point on the horizontal plane of the identifier 6B in the elevator hoistway.
  • Information about the identifier can be conveyed to the measuring device e.g. as electromagnetic radiation or via a magnetic field.
  • Each identifier 6B is also individualized either on the basis of identification, such as RFID identification, in the identifier 6B or by inference from the consecutive succession of the identifiers 6B.
  • the identifiers 6B are disposed to indicate the presence of an elevator car 10 at a stopping floor in a door zone 9 of the elevator hoistway, i.e.
  • the elevator car 10 always starts moving from the departure floor from the point of an identifier 6B and correspondingly always stops at the destination floor at the point of a second identifier 6B.
  • the elevator control unit 4 calculates the distance traveled by the traction sheave 1 by integrating the pulses given by a pulse encoder 5. The distance that the elevator car 10 traveled while the traction sheave 1 rotates is evaluated on the basis of the integral. A learning run is driven with the elevator car 10, in which run the elevator car travels the elevator hoistway 16 from end to end and simultaneously the distance traveled by the elevator car 10 is calculated from the pulses of the pulse encoder 5. Always when the elevator car 10 arrives at the point of a new identifier 6B, the elevator control unit 4 records in memory the distance to the previous identifier calculated from the pulses of the pulse encoder 5.
  • the elevator control unit 4 forms a reference that predicts the position data of the elevator car when the elevator car arrives at the point of a determined identifier 6B in the elevator hoistway 16.
  • the elevator control unit 4 specifies a permitted fluctuation range in the environs of each reference, within the scope of which the position data of the elevator car 10 can vary inside the scope of normal traction of the traction sheave.
  • the elevator control unit 4 determines the distance traveled by the elevator car from the encoder pulses.
  • the elevator control unit 4 also calculates the position data of the elevator car by summing the distance traveled with the position reference that is specified at the point of the identifier 6B identifying the presence of an elevator car at the departure floor of a run.
  • the elevator control unit 4 compares the calculated position data to the position reference specified by the identifier 6B in question, taking into account the aforementioned permitted fluctuation range.
  • Fig. 5 presents by way of illustration the value 14 of a position calculation for an elevator car during a run of the elevator car and also at the moment 20 when the elevator car arrives at the point of the identifier 6B in the elevator hoistway.
  • a permitted fluctuation range with the limit values 13A, 13B is specified at the point of the identifier 6B in question for the position data of the elevator car, within the scope of which fluctuation range the calculated position data 14 of the elevator car can vary at the point of the identifier 6B inside the scope of normal traction of the traction sheave.
  • the software of the elevator control unit 4 activates the machinery brakes 14 and disconnects with the frequency converter 17 the power supply occurring to the hoisting machine. In addition, the software of the elevator control unit 4 switches into the run prevention mode, in which the elevator in question stops serving passengers.
  • the elevator control unit 4 changes the run to occur to the nearest possible stopping floor 9, such that the elevator car is driven to the nearest possible stopping floor 9 in question at a reduced deceleration for ensuring sufficient traction. If the elevator car is situated so close to the end that attaining the floor 9 at a reduced deceleration is no longer possible, the elevator control unit 4 activates an emergency stop, in which case the machinery brakes are activated and the power supply to the hoisting machine is disconnected essentially immediately.
  • the safety gear of the elevator car is also activated, which safety gear stops the elevator car by tractionping to the guide rails.
  • a number of limit values are specified for a travel magnitude for ascertaining fault situations of differing degrees, such that when the value of a travel magnitude exceeds a first fluctuation range specified with limit values 13A, 13B the elevator control unit changes the run to occur to the nearest floor in the manner described above, and if the value of the travel magnitude exceeds a second fluctuation range, specified with second limit values, that is greater than the first fluctuation range the elevator control unit 4 activates the machinery brakes 14 and also disconnects the power supply to the hoisting machine essentially immediately.
  • a safety arrangement is fitted into the elevator system of Fig. 2 , which safety arrangement differs from the safety arrangement according to embodiment 1 such that determination of the traction of the traction sheave is implemented using the travel time of the elevator car, instead of the position data of the elevator car, as the travel magnitude 14.
  • the elevator control unit 4 measures and records in memory the time that it takes the elevator car 10 to drive at a speed according to the speed reference 8 from one identifier 6B to the next. On the basis of these distances that are measured/recorded in memory, the elevator control unit 4 forms a reference for the travel time of the elevator car that is estimated to be needed to drive the elevator car from one identifier 6B to another in the elevator hoistway.
  • the elevator control unit 4 specifies a permitted fluctuation range in the environs of each reference, within the scope of which the travel time of the elevator car 10 can vary inside the scope of normal traction of the traction sheave.
  • the elevator control unit 4 measures the travel time of the elevator car 10, i.e. the time that has passed since the run started.
  • the elevator control unit 4 compares the measured travel time to the aforementioned reference for travel time, and if the time taken for the elevator car 10 at arrive at the point of a certain identifier 6B deviates to outside the permitted fluctuation range for the reference for travel time, the elevator control unit 4 deduces that the traction of the traction sheave 1 has weakened and performs some procedure described in embodiment 1 for ensuring the safety of the elevator system.
  • One advantage of the solution is that a weakening of traction can be detected already before the arrival of the elevator car 10 at the identifier 6B, when the measured travel time of the elevator car 10 exceeds that permitted.
  • a safety arrangement is fitted into the elevator system of Fig. 2 , which safety arrangement differs from the safety arrangement according to embodiment 1 or 2 such that determination of the traction of the traction sheave 1 is implemented in the manner presented in the following.
  • the solution of embodiment 3 is also illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • An identifier 7 is fixed in connection with the elevator rope 3, which identifier indicates the type of the elevator rope or e.g. the type of the lubricant of the rope.
  • the identifier 7 can be e.g. an RFID identifier or a readable plate.
  • the elevator control unit 4 reads the identifier e.g. with an RFID reader; in one embodiment the information of a plate 7 is entered manually into the elevator control unit 4 with a user interface.
  • the elevator control unit 4 checks the type of the elevator rope/lubricant on the basis of the information of the identifier 7, and determines the traction of the traction sheave on the basis of the aforesaid information.
  • the elevator control unit 4 determines on the basis of the identifier 7 the type of rope 3/lubricant to be such with which high traction is achieved on the traction sheave 1, the elevator control unit 4 forms a speed reference 8 for the elevator car for a greater acceleration and deceleration of the elevator car 10 than in the case that the type of rope/lubricant indicated by the identifier 7 differs from the aforementioned.
  • the elevator control unit completely prevents operation of the elevator if the type of rope 3/lubricant determined on the basis of the identifier 7 is incorrect.
  • a safety arrangement is fitted into the elevator system of Fig. 2 , which safety arrangement differs from the safety arrangements according to embodiments 1 and 2 in the following manner.
  • the speed reference 8 of the elevator car is adapted to the prevailing traction. Elevator passengers will then be served by driving with the elevator car from the departure floor to the destination floor at a reduced acceleration and deceleration.
  • the elevator control unit 4 recalculates the speed reference of the elevator car for implementing the reduced acceleration and deceleration after the elevator control unit 4 has detected that the traction has weakened.
  • the speed reference must be adapted by selecting e.g. the starting point of the deceleration phase of the elevator car such that the elevator car starts to decelerate earlier owing to the reduced deceleration.
  • One advantage is that, despite the weakening of the traction, a run with the elevator can be continued at least temporarily, which improves the transportation capacity of the elevator system.
  • information about the weakening of the traction can also be sent in all the embodiments 1 - 4 to a service center so that the necessary servicing procedures can be performed for returning the traction of the traction sheave 1 to the normal level.
  • the elevator control unit 4 regularly starts a special testing run, during which the traction of the traction sheave is tested e.g. with a method according to embodiment 1 or 2.
  • the elevator control unit 4 forms a speed reference 8 for driving the elevator car 10 at an increased acceleration and deceleration.
  • the difference in the rope forces of the elevator ropes 3 on the different sides of the traction sheave 1 forms to be larger than normal, owing to which a weakening of the traction of the traction sheave 1 can be detected already before it has an effect on the normal operation of the elevator at the normal acceleration/deceleration of the elevator car 10.
  • a weakening of the traction of the traction sheave can also be tested by performing an emergency stop in connection with a testing run by stopping a moving elevator car by activating the machinery brakes.
  • the greater-than-normal deceleration of the elevator car during the emergency stop facilitates the detection of a weakening of traction.
  • greater braking force can be exerted with the machinery brakes on the traction sheave of the hoisting machine of the elevator than by braking with the electric motor of the hoisting machine. Consequently, a weakening of traction can also be detected more easily in an emergency stop than by driving the elevator car with the hoisting machine.
  • the traction of the traction sheave is tested by driving the elevator car according to the multiphase testing process being presented in the following.
  • an empty elevator car is first driven upwards so that the elevator car will be situated a sufficient distance from the top end of the elevator hoistway before the start of the testing.
  • a serviceman starts the testing process from a manual user interface of the elevator control unit 4; alternatively, the testing process could be also started by sending a starting signal to the elevator control unit 4 from the service center of the elevator. For the start of the testing process, a run with an empty elevator car upwards is started.
  • the machinery brakes are activated to brake the movement of the elevator car.
  • What is essential in the selection of the identifier 6B/the starting point of braking is that the location of the elevator car must be sufficiently accurately known at the moment of starting the braking.
  • the traction sheave stops first after which the elevator ropes, and at the same time also the elevator car, still continue their movement upwards while the elevator ropes are slipping on the traction sheave.
  • the traction of the traction sheave/slipping of the elevator ropes on the traction sheave is determined by comparing the aforementioned distances S 1 , S 2 to each other. This comparison is based on the fact that when the traction weakens slipping of the elevator ropes on the traction sheave during braking increases, and at the same time also the difference between the distances travelled by the traction sheave and the elevator car during braking increases. Consequently, a weakening of traction is detected such that the distance S 2 traveled by the elevator car from the identifier 6B/back to the identifier 6B increases in relation to the distance S 1 traveled by the traction sheave.
  • the aforementioned testing method of the traction of the traction sheave is advantageous because the force difference acting in the elevator ropes 3 on the different sides of the traction sheave 1 is at its greatest when braking an upward-moving empty elevator car situated in the top part of the elevator hoistway with the machinery brakes, in which case also possible weakening of traction can be clearly detected.
  • the weight of the counterweight and also of the elevator ropes produce the greatest possible force difference on the different sides of the traction sheave; in addition, the weight of the counterweight/elevator ropes in this case acts in the direction of movement of the upward-traveling elevator car.
  • Fig. 4 presents an addition according to embodiment 6 in the elevator system of Fig. 2 .
  • a temporary safety space 21 for the working space of a serviceman has been formed in the top part, in connection with the top end, of the elevator hoistway 16.
  • the elevator control unit 4 determines the traction of the traction sheave 1, in a manner according to any of embodiments 1 - 5, regularly while the elevator is in use.
  • the machinery brakes 14 are used as a safety device braking the movement of the elevator car 10.
  • a lengthened identifier 6C is disposed in the elevator hoistway by the side of the path of movement of the elevator car, which identifier can be one identifier or which, on the other hand, can be composed of a number of shorter identifiers disposed consecutively, such as of identifiers 6B indicating the location of a stopping floor 9.
  • the identifier 6C covers in the vertical direction the part of the elevator hoistway intended to be a temporary safety space 21.
  • the measuring device 6A moving along with the elevator car detects the presence of an elevator car 10 in the temporary safety space 21 when the measuring device is situated in the horizontal direction at the point of the identifier 6C in the elevator hoistway 16.
  • a temporary safety space 21 of the elevator hoistway is formed in a situation in which a serviceman moves into the elevator hoistway in order to work from the temporary safety space 21.
  • a temporary safety space 21 is taken into use in the top part of the elevator hoistway 16 when it is detected that any of the other entrances of the elevator hoistway 16 than the entrance leading to the pit of the elevator hoistway 16 is opened with a service key. Consequently, a temporary safety space is taken into use e.g. when it is detected that the landing door of the topmost stopping floor 9 is opened with a service key in a situation in which the elevator car 10 is located below the topmost stopping floor 9.
  • the elevator control unit 4 When a temporary safety space 21 is in use the elevator control unit 4, or an electronic monitoring unit (not presented in the figure) separate to it, reads the measuring data of the measuring device 6A, and when it detects the presence of an elevator car in the temporary safety space the elevator control unit 4/electronic monitoring unit sends to the control circuit 15 of the machinery brakes 14 a signal for activating the machinery brakes 14. In the same connection the elevator control unit 4/electronic monitoring unit sends to the frequency converter 17 a control signal for disconnecting the power supply of the hoisting machine.
  • the elevator system is also transferred into a control mode in which a run with the elevator is prevented. Recovery from this control mode is only possible with a special procedure, e.g. with a separate manual reset apparatus.
  • the elevator car 10 is pulled with one or more toothed belts traveling via the traction sheave of the hoisting machine instead of with an elevator rope or with a smooth belt.
  • Grooves for the teeth are made in the traction sheave. The grooves and the teeth are formed to be so deep that the toothed belt/toothed belts are not able to slip on the traction sheave.
  • a machinery brake is used as a mechanical safety device of the elevator without the traction of the toothed belt on the traction sheave being separately monitored.
  • a safety gear is used as a mechanical safety device, in addition to or instead of a machinery brake, which safety gear brakes the movement of the elevator car by tractionping to the guide rail of the elevator car.
  • the frictional traction of the elevator rope 3 or belt can also be implemented in other ways than taking an elevator rope/belt into a rope groove 2 of the traction sheave; frictional traction can also be implemented e.g. with drive belts that connect to the opposite sides of the elevator rope/belt.
  • the preferred embodiments of the invention described above can also be combined with each other for improving safety.
  • the methods for determining the traction of a traction sheave 1 according to embodiments 1 and 2 can be used simultaneously, in which case the traction of the traction sheave 1 can be determined both on the basis of the position data of the elevator car and on the basis of the travel time of the elevator car.

Landscapes

  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Système d'ascenseur, comprenant :
    un élément d'entraînement (1) ;
    un moyen de levage (3) qui coopère avec l'élément d'entraînement (1) susmentionné par traction par frottement ;
    dans lequel le système d'ascenseur comprend des moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) destinés à déterminer la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) ;
    et un circuit de commande (4) qui est configuré pour démarrer une procédure garantissant la sécurité du système d'ascenseur après que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) ont détecté que la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) s'est affaiblie, moyennant quoi le système d'ascenseur comprend une unité de commande (4) ;
    caractérisé en ce que :
    l'unité de commande (4) susmentionnée est configurée pour démarrer une course d'essai afin de tester la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) ;
    et en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont configurés pour déterminer la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) en rapport avec la course d'essai, et en ce que la cabine d'ascenseur (10) est configurée pour se déplacer avec une accélération et/ou une décélération accrue(s) en rapport avec une course d'essai.
  2. Système d'ascenseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des valeurs maximales et des valeurs minimales d'accélération et de décélération sont prédéfinies dans le système.
  3. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (4) est configuré pour diminuer l'accélération et/ou la décélération dans le profil de mouvement (8) de la cabine d'ascenseur après que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) ont détecté que la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) s'est affaiblie.
  4. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (4) est configuré pour augmenter l'accélération et/ou la décélération dans le profil de mouvement (8) de la cabine d'ascenseur, après que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) ont détecté que la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) s'est améliorée.
  5. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont configurés pour déterminer régulièrement la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) pendant que l'ascenseur est en cours d'utilisation.
  6. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (4) susmentionné est configuré pour mettre l'ascenseur hors service lorsque les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) ont détecté que la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) s'est affaiblie.
  7. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (4) est configuré pour former un signal de commande afin d'entraîner la cabine d'ascenseur (10) jusqu'à un étage d'arrêt (9) pour garantir la sécurité du système d'ascenseur.
  8. Système d'ascenseur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de commande (4) est configuré pour faire passer l'ascenseur dans un mode d'empêchement de course après que la cabine d'ascenseur (10) a atteint un étage d'arrêt (10).
  9. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction comprennent un capteur (6B) détectant la présence d'une cabine d'ascenseur, lequel capteur est conçu fournir des informations sur la présence d'une cabine d'ascenseur (10) à un point spécifié de la gaine d'ascenseur (16), en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont configurés pour déterminer la valeur (14) d'une grandeur de déplacement de la cabine d'ascenseur, et en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont configurés pour déterminer une ou plusieurs valeur(s) limite(s) (13A, 13B) pour une grandeur de déplacement, ladite ou lesdites valeur(s) limite(s) étant fondée(s) sur la traction normale de l'élément d'entraînement (1) et se rapportant à un certain point de mesure dans la gaine d'ascenseur (16) d'un capteur (6B) détectant la présence d'une cabine d'ascenseur.
  10. Système d'ascenseur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont conçus pour comparer la ou les valeur(s) limite(s) (13A, 13B) susmentionnée(s) pour une grandeur de déplacement de la cabine d'ascenseur à la valeur (14) de la grandeur de déplacement de la cabine d'ascenseur qui est la valeur limite (13A, 13B) en question, spécifiée pour cette grandeur de déplacement au point correspondant de la gaine d'ascenseur (16) ;
    et en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont configurés pour déduire que la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) s'est affaiblie lorsqu'il est détecté qu'une grandeur de déplacement (14) spécifiée s'écarte de la valeur limite pour la grandeur de déplacement ou de valeurs autorisées spécifiées avec des valeurs limites (13A, 13B).
  11. Système d'ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) comprennent un identificateur (7) se rapportant au moyen de levage (3) de la cabine d'ascenseur.
  12. Système d'ascenseur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détermination de traction (4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7) sont configurés pour déterminer la traction de l'élément d'entraînement (1) sur la base de l'identificateur (7) susmentionné.
EP12757008.3A 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur Active EP2665669B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13178244.3A EP2743225B1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20115246A FI20115246A0 (fi) 2011-03-11 2011-03-11 Hissijärjestelmä
FI20115248A FI123239B (fi) 2011-03-11 2011-03-14 Hissijärjestelmä
PCT/FI2012/050232 WO2012123635A1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur

Related Child Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13178244.3A Division-Into EP2743225B1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur
EP13178244.3A Division EP2743225B1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur
EP13178244.3 Division-Into 2013-08-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2665669A1 EP2665669A1 (fr) 2013-11-27
EP2665669A4 EP2665669A4 (fr) 2014-09-17
EP2665669B1 true EP2665669B1 (fr) 2021-12-01

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ID=43806457

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EP12757008.3A Active EP2665669B1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur
EP13178244.3A Not-in-force EP2743225B1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Système d'ascenseur

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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EP (2) EP2665669B1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2906236T3 (fr)
FI (2) FI20115246A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012123635A1 (fr)

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CN105026297B (zh) * 2013-02-22 2018-01-19 通力股份公司 用于监视配重式电梯的安全性的方法和装置
WO2017028919A1 (fr) 2015-08-19 2017-02-23 Otis Elevator Company Système de commande d'ascenseur et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système d'ascenseur
WO2018060542A1 (fr) 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 Kone Corporation Plaque d'informations électronique d'un élément d'ascenseur
EP3434634B2 (fr) 2017-07-25 2024-07-03 Otis Elevator Company Dispositif de sécurité d'ascenseur
US10889465B2 (en) 2017-07-31 2021-01-12 Otis Elevator Company Mechanical hoistway access control device
EP3750837A1 (fr) 2019-06-14 2020-12-16 KONE Corporation Ascenseur surveillant la traction de l'appareil de levage et sur la base de ces informations, ajuster la vitesse limite d'arrêt d'urgence.
CN118159483A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2024-06-07 通力股份公司 确定电梯类型的方法、电梯监控系统和电梯
WO2023241801A1 (fr) * 2022-06-16 2023-12-21 Kone Corporation Système d'ascenseur et procédé de fonctionnement

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CN1953923B (zh) * 2005-05-11 2011-05-18 三菱电机株式会社 电梯的控制装置及控制方法
PT1963543E (pt) 2005-12-21 2011-12-15 Bekaert Sa Nv Um cabo de aço para uso num sistema de transmissão
FI125141B (fi) * 2007-01-03 2015-06-15 Kone Corp Hissin turvalaite
FI20070486A (fi) * 2007-01-03 2008-07-04 Kone Corp Hissin turvajärjestely
JP2008156127A (ja) * 2008-02-13 2008-07-10 Hitachi Ltd エレベータ
JP5326474B2 (ja) * 2008-10-06 2013-10-30 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータのロープ滑り検出装置及びそれを用いたエレベータ装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2665669A4 (fr) 2014-09-17
FI20115248A (fi) 2012-09-12
FI20115248A0 (fi) 2011-03-14
EP2743225A3 (fr) 2014-10-01
WO2012123635A1 (fr) 2012-09-20
FI20115246A0 (fi) 2011-03-11
EP2743225A2 (fr) 2014-06-18
EP2743225B1 (fr) 2016-02-24
FI123239B (fi) 2012-12-31
ES2566790T3 (es) 2016-04-15
EP2665669A1 (fr) 2013-11-27
ES2906236T3 (es) 2022-04-13

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