EP2663167B1 - Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc et écarteur - Google Patents

Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc et écarteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2663167B1
EP2663167B1 EP12003596.9A EP12003596A EP2663167B1 EP 2663167 B1 EP2663167 B1 EP 2663167B1 EP 12003596 A EP12003596 A EP 12003596A EP 2663167 B1 EP2663167 B1 EP 2663167B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling pipe
cooling tube
pipe according
spacer
spacing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12003596.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2663167A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Hollberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP13005830.8A priority Critical patent/EP2734015B1/fr
Priority to EP12003596.9A priority patent/EP2663167B1/fr
Priority to US14/361,882 priority patent/US9661731B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2013/001277 priority patent/WO2013167244A2/fr
Publication of EP2663167A1 publication Critical patent/EP2663167A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2663167B1 publication Critical patent/EP2663167B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3405—Arrangements for stabilising or constricting the arc, e.g. by an additional gas flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3436—Hollow cathodes with internal coolant flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling tube for a plasma arc burner according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a plasma electrode, in which a cooling tube is used.
  • Such a plasma electrode with inserted cooling tube is, for example, with the subject of EP 2 082 622 B1 known.
  • the disclosure therein and the operation of a plasma arc burner are referred to. It is intended to be fully encompassed by the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the cooling tube is exposed to considerable thermal expansion and care must be taken that it does not interrupt the coolant flow when it is being expanded.
  • the EP 2 082 622 B1 to provide the front end of the cooling tube, which sits next to the electrode core holder, with a spacer.
  • the spacer is formed at the bottom of the electrode body as insertable disc or as intersecting rods and is to form a stop surface for the front end of the cooling tube on the electrode body.
  • Another disadvantage is that it is not part of the cooling tube and does not participate in the longitudinal extent of the cooling tube, with the risk that the front end of the cooling tube sealingly seated on the spacer and hereby the flow of coolant is impaired.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a plasma electrode for a plasma arc burner of the type mentioned in such a way that an improved spacer for the cooling tube in the interior of the hollow cylindrical electrode body is ensured.
  • the invention is characterized by the technical teaching of claim 1.
  • cooling tube has a spacer on its inner side facing the electrode core holder, which is suitable for abutment with the electrode core holder. Accordingly, all distance-maintaining means are claimed to be essential to the invention, which are suitable for the displacement-limiting installation of the cooling tube on the electrode core holder.
  • the spacer means is no longer part of the hollow cylindrical electrode body, but part of the cooling tube itself.
  • This spacer is installed in the form of, for example, a spacer in the interior of the cooling tube and thus - because it is firmly connected to the cooling tube - takes part in the longitudinal extent of the cooling tube. This was not possible in the prior art.
  • the spacer surfaces are in the invention, on the one hand, the surface of the electrode core holder of the plasma electrode and on the other hand, an inner, central surface of the spacer used in the cooling tube.
  • the cooling tube can be more or less removed from the electrode core holder, due to the longitudinal extent, with the spacer disk used there, without the coolant flow being significantly impaired.
  • the rear end of the cooling tube is received in the electrode in a screw, plug or clamp attachment. Such attachment provides for a firm, nearly displacement-free fit of the cooling tube.
  • cooling tube displaceable in its electrode side Holder is received and has an axial displacement play in the range of 0.1 to 10 mm.
  • cooling tube - even if it undergoes a longitudinal displacement, is always pressed back into its rear, electrode-side holder. This is done by the pressure of the cooling medium acting on the cooling tube and pressure wing arranged on the cooling tube.
  • the spacer is material integral with the cooling tube.
  • the spacer disc is made of the same material as the cooling tube and is manufactured together with the latter in the production of the cooling tube.
  • the cylindrical interior of the cooling pipe is machined only to the front side of the cooling pipe in the vicinity of the shim.
  • the shorter side of the cooling tube forth also takes place in the longitudinal direction of cutting machining of the cooling tube, so finally in the vicinity of the tip of the cooling tube, but from the top set back, a material integral with the cooling tube spacer plate is made by appropriate material processing of the cooling tube.
  • the spacer disk thus produced is characterized by having a plurality of flow openings in the manner of a screen, but that the central central area is formed as a stop surface, which is associated with the electrode core holder side stop surface of the electrode body.
  • the electrode core holder of the plasma electrode is designed to be as narrow as possible in this area in order to still provide a favorable support for the electrode core used there, but on the other hand to ensure a sufficient flow of coolant through the shim through the electrode core holder from the top of the cooling tube out.
  • the spacer disc is not material integral with the material of the cooling tube, but is releasably inserted as a material-separated part in the cooling tube.
  • the spacer plate can be provided with an external thread, which cooperates with an associated internal thread on the inner circumference of the cooling tube, so that the spacer plate can be easily screwed into the interior of the cooling tube.
  • the spacer disc is clipped or engaged as a material-separated part in the inside of the cooling tube.
  • this second embodiment provides that the shim is releasably connected to the cooling tube.
  • It can for example consist of plastic or a plastic-metal composite.
  • the spacer may also be provided with an external thread and is screwed into an associated stop surface in the interior of the cooling tube. Finally, in the interior of the cooling tube and an undercut groove may be incorporated, in which the spacer plate is engaged.
  • first feature of the invention spacer in the interior of a cooling tube refers to the fact that regardless of the temperature-induced change in length of the cooling tube is always ensured by a spacer plate connected to the cooling tube, that an uninfluenced by temperature changes coolant flow is passed over the electrode core holder.
  • pressure vanes are arranged, which are connected to the outer periphery of the cooling tube.
  • the cooling tube is always always pressed backwards in his electrode-side bracket and the front, the stop on the Electrode core holder serving spacer plate is lifted from the electrode core holder and remains at a certain distance from this electrode core holder.
  • the coolant also flows via the end face of the electrode core holder, because the spacer disk occupies a specific gap with respect to this end face of the electrode core holder and thus allows an optimized coolant flow via the electrode core holder.
  • the arranged in the return channel pressure vanes that are either material ein Committeeig or releasably connected to the outer circumference of the cooling tube may be straight, so with their wing surfaces are perpendicular to the coolant flow, so that an additional circular vortex flow is avoided in the return cooling channel.
  • the pressure vanes are still bevelled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coolant flow, the cooling medium flowing back in the return flows spirally downstream of the pressure vanes in the direction of the coolant outlet, whereby in addition to the straight force component generated in the axial direction of the cooling tube, a rotating (Circular) force component is generated on the cooling tube.
  • the direction of rotation of this force component is preferably directed so that a possible threaded screw connection between the cooling tube and the electrode body in the sense of solidification is additionally biased in the direction of rotation. It thus comes to an axial and a radial Preload the Gewindeschraubharm between the electrode body and the cooling tube.
  • this threaded connection is additionally biased to rotate in the fixed direction, whereby an additional backup of this threaded connection takes place.
  • the pressure vanes are not only bevelled, but also generate in the manner of propellers a downstream of the pressure vanes vortex flow of the cooling medium, whereby the cooling medium spiral or helically around the outer periphery of the Cooling tube is passed, and here on the one hand, the cooling tube - as previously stated - receives an additional torque component and the returning coolant flow still receives a twist that accomplished accelerated discharge of the coolant flow from the coolant outlet.
  • FIG. 1 In general, a plasma electrode for a plasma arc torch is shown, wherein an approximately hollow cylindrical electrode body 1 in the region of a flange 3 carries seals 2, with which it is sealingly inserted into a housing not shown in detail.
  • seals 2 With which it is sealingly inserted into a housing not shown in detail.
  • the exact type of attachment results from the EP 2 082 622 B ,
  • the electrode body 1 has according to FIG. 4 a central inner bore 28 and forms on its front side an approximately cylindrical electrode core holder 12, which is material integral with the rest of the material.
  • an electrode core 11 is used, the z. B. hafnium consists.
  • the electrode core 11 extends through the entire electrode core holder 12, while in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the electrode core 11 is shorter.
  • the electrode core holder 12 is as narrow as possible in its cross-section and otherwise cylindrical in order to allow a good flow of the cooling medium over its surfaces, as in FIG. 1 is shown.
  • the rear end of the electrode core holder 12 forms according to FIG. 4 an end-face abutment surface 26 for a spacer means, which is installed in the cooling tube 4.
  • the cooling tube 4 in turn consists of a hollow cylindrical metal or plastic body, in whose inner bore 34 (s. FIG. 3 ) a cooling channel 9 is provided for the flow of a cooling medium, which flows in the direction of arrow 10 in the inner bore 34.
  • the cooling tube 4 has at its rear end a screw thread 7 and also a seal with a seal 6, which is arranged in the region of a flange 5.
  • the seal with the seal 6 takes place in a manner not shown in such a way that flows in the direction of arrow 17 from the return 8 serving cooling channel in an associated outlet 18 and is removed there.
  • a plug connection can also be provided.
  • a spacer plate 13 is arranged, which in the illustrated embodiment according to FIG. 1 material integral with the material of the cooling tube 4 is formed. It is made in the machining of the cooling tube together with this.
  • the shim 13 is in FIG. 2 shown in plan view. It consists essentially of a center cross 19, which is material integral with the material of the cooling tube 4 and consists of a plurality of manufacturized materials 14, which are arranged in the space between the intersecting beams of the center cross 19.
  • the center cross 19 forms a centric abutment surface 20 which corresponds to the abutment surface 26 of the electrode core holder 12 FIG. 4 assigned.
  • each quadrant of the center cross limiting flow recesses 14 and individual flow holes may be provided, which consist of one or more holes per quadrant.
  • the flow conditions are in FIG. 3 shown in more detail.
  • the cooling medium is deflected in the direction of arrow 21 and flows back on the outer circumference of the cooling tube 4 in the direction of arrow 22 and in this case approximately two-thirds of the length of the cooling tube strikes pressure wing 23 arranged there.
  • pressure vanes 23 are arranged uniformly distributed on the circumference of the cooling tube and lie in the cooling channel 8, thus directed in the longitudinal direction of the cooling tube to the rear, against the screw fastening 7 directed pressure force 25 on this erbefest Trent.
  • FIG. 3 shows as a modified embodiment the case in which the pressure vanes 23 are not formed as straight lugs, but bevelled lie in the cooling channel 8.
  • bevel a spiral vortex flow is generated downstream of the pressure vanes 23, whereby an additional rotational component is exerted on the cooling tube 4 and this rotation component is directed so that the screw connection is solidified with the screw thread 7.
  • FIG. 6 shows the front view of the pressure wings 23 a just formed, which accordingly only a straight, axially directed pressure force 25 in the in FIG. 3 drawn arrow direction in the direction of the rear screw with the screw thread 7 generate.
  • FIG. 5 shows that pressure vanes 23, 23, 23b, 23c, 23 d of any kind can also be arranged on the outer circumference of a ring 36.
  • the ring 36 may be formed as a plug-in ring, which can be plugged or snapped onto the outer circumference of the cooling tube 4.
  • the FIG. 8 show another embodiment of the ring 36 which is provided with an internal thread 37 which can be screwed onto an associated external thread on the cooling tube 4.
  • FIG. 9 shows as a further embodiment propeller-shaped pressure vanes 23b, which reinforce the turbulent flow 24 and generate a directed in the closing direction of torque 30 to the screw with the screw thread 7.
  • the electrode body 1 in turn carries a ringbefest Trent 29 at its rear end, with which it is sealingly screwed into an associated housing part of the plasma arc burner. Instead, a plug or clamp connection may be present.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show a releasable attachment of the spacer plate 13, wherein uniformly distributed around the circumference individual spacer nubs 32 are formed by material displacement of the material of the cooling tube, and at a distance thereof further locking nubs 33, z. B. as three evenly distributed on the circumference arranged locking nubs, may be formed, resulting in a locking receptacle between the nubs 32, 33 results in the engagement of an inserted in the direction of arrow 31 shim 13.
  • FIG. 11 shows as a modified embodiment that instead of the stop nubs 32, 33 at the same location an internal thread in the cooling tube can be arranged and the spacer plate 13 has a thread 35 on the outer circumference, so that the spacer easily with a suitable tool with its external thread into the internal thread of the cooling tube can be screwed in and fixed there.
  • spacer disc 13 can also be clipped into an undercut groove machined on the inner circumference of the cooling tube or screwed into an internal thread machined there.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 is a section through the front end of the cooling tube at the level of FIG. 10 shown spacer 13 is shown.
  • the FIG. 12 shows that the spacer plate 13 in its simplest form can also be formed as a transversely passing through the bore of the cooling tube wire or rod 13a.
  • the wire or rod 13 a is in mutually aligned holes 38 used in the cooling tube 4, soldered or pressed.
  • the rod or wire 13a may be made of plastic or metal.
  • FIG. 13 shows that several, intersecting wires or rods 13a may be inserted in the inner bore.
  • the said parts can also be engaged in an undercut groove on the inner circumference of the cooling tube. They can also be connected to each other in the middle region and form a cross, which is locked or clamped in the undercut groove.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma à arc, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau de refroidissement (4) présente sur son côté intérieur tourné vers le support de noyau d'électrode (12) des moyens écarteurs qui sont aptes à être appliqués (26) côté frontal contre le support de noyau d'électrode (12).
  2. Tuyau de refroidissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'écartement est conçu comme un écarteur (13) qui est venu de matière avec le tuyau de refroidissement (4).
  3. Tuyau de refroidissement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'écartement est conçu comme une rondelle d'écartement (13).
  4. Tuyau de refroidissement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) est venue de matière avec le tuyau de refroidissement (4).
  5. Tuyau de refroidissement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) est reliée de manière amovible au tuyau de refroidissement (4).
  6. Tuyau de refroidissement selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) est pourvue d'un filetage extérieur qui coopère avec un filetage intérieur associé prévu sur la circonférence intérieure du tuyau de refroidissement (4).
  7. Tuyau de refroidissement selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) est apte à être clipsée ou enclenchée dans le côté intérieur du tuyau de refroidissement (4).
  8. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) est appliquée avec sa circonférence extérieure, de manière étanche, contre la circonférence intérieure du tuyau de refroidissement (4) et est traversée par le courant d'agent de refroidissement.
  9. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) présente une multiplicité d'ouvertures de passage (14).
  10. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la zone centrale médiane de la rondelle d'écartement (13) est conçue comme une surface de butée (20) qui est associée à la surface de butée située côté noyau d'électrode.
  11. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) présente une croix centrale (19) qui forme une surface de butée centrée (20) associée à la surface de butée (26) du support de noyau d'électrode (12).
  12. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) est fabriquée à partir d'un matériau différent de celui du tuyau de refroidissement (4).
  13. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle d'écartement (13) se compose d'une matière plastique ou d'un composite matière plastique-métal.
  14. Tuyau de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau de refroidissement (4) présente, réparties sur sa circonférence, des saillies d'écartement individuelles (32) et, à une distance de celles-ci, d'autres saillies d'enclenchement (33) qui servent de liaison par enclenchement pour la rondelle d'écartement (13).
EP12003596.9A 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc et écarteur Not-in-force EP2663167B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13005830.8A EP2734015B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc
EP12003596.9A EP2663167B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc et écarteur
US14/361,882 US9661731B2 (en) 2012-05-07 2013-04-27 Cooling tube for a plasma arc torch and spacer
PCT/EP2013/001277 WO2013167244A2 (fr) 2012-05-07 2013-04-27 Tube de refroidissement pour torche à plasma d'arc et élément d'espacement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12003596.9A EP2663167B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc et écarteur

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13005830.8A Division EP2734015B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc
EP13005830.8A Division-Into EP2734015B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2663167A1 EP2663167A1 (fr) 2013-11-13
EP2663167B1 true EP2663167B1 (fr) 2016-12-21

Family

ID=48485099

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12003596.9A Not-in-force EP2663167B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc et écarteur
EP13005830.8A Revoked EP2734015B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13005830.8A Revoked EP2734015B1 (fr) 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Tuyau de refroidissement pour une torche à plasma d'arc

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US9661731B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2663167B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013167244A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10943708B2 (en) * 2014-08-11 2021-03-09 Best Theratronics Ltd. System and method for metallic isotope separation by a combined thermal-vacuum distillation process
RU2662445C1 (ru) * 2016-03-28 2018-07-26 Гипертерм, Инк. Усовершенствованная система для плазменно-дуговой резки, расходные компоненты и способы работы
DE102016215712A1 (de) * 2016-08-22 2018-02-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines elektrischen Plasmas
US11986900B2 (en) 2020-03-16 2024-05-21 Hypertherm, Inc. Cathode seated liquid coolant tube for a plasma arc cutting system

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US3668354A (en) * 1970-12-04 1972-06-06 Park Ohio Industries Inc Radio frequency transfer switch
FR2534106A1 (fr) 1982-10-01 1984-04-06 Soudure Autogene Francaise Torche a plasma monogaz
GB8615759D0 (en) * 1986-06-27 1986-08-06 W T C Holdings Ltd Air plasma arc torch
US5756959A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-26 Hypertherm, Inc. Coolant tube for use in a liquid-cooled electrode disposed in a plasma arc torch
ITRM20010291A1 (it) * 2001-05-29 2002-11-29 Ct Sviluppo Materiali Spa Torcia al plasma
US20080116179A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2008-05-22 Hypertherm, Inc. Method and apparatus for alignment of components of a plasma arc torch
US6946617B2 (en) * 2003-04-11 2005-09-20 Hypertherm, Inc. Method and apparatus for alignment of components of a plasma arc torch
DE102009016932B4 (de) * 2009-04-08 2013-06-20 Kjellberg Finsterwalde Plasma Und Maschinen Gmbh Kühlrohre und Elektrodenaufnahme für einen Lichtbogenplasmabrenner sowie Anordnungen aus denselben und Lichtbogenplasmabrenner mit denselben
US8546719B2 (en) * 2010-12-13 2013-10-01 The Esab Group, Inc. Method and plasma arc torch system for marking and cutting workpieces with the same set of consumables
MX2013007670A (es) * 2011-02-28 2013-12-06 Thermal Dynamics Corp Electrodo de alta corriente para un soplete de arco de plasma.
US9114475B2 (en) * 2012-03-15 2015-08-25 Holma Ag Plasma electrode for a plasma cutting device

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2734015B1 (fr) 2016-10-19
WO2013167244A2 (fr) 2013-11-14
US20150102020A1 (en) 2015-04-16
EP2734015A2 (fr) 2014-05-21
WO2013167244A3 (fr) 2014-01-03
EP2663167A1 (fr) 2013-11-13
EP2734015A3 (fr) 2014-10-29
WO2013167244A4 (fr) 2014-02-13
US9661731B2 (en) 2017-05-23

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