EP2662350B1 - Carburant pour générateur à gaz - Google Patents

Carburant pour générateur à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2662350B1
EP2662350B1 EP13164672.1A EP13164672A EP2662350B1 EP 2662350 B1 EP2662350 B1 EP 2662350B1 EP 13164672 A EP13164672 A EP 13164672A EP 2662350 B1 EP2662350 B1 EP 2662350B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
propellant
additive
combustion
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13164672.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2662350A3 (fr
EP2662350A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Wieland Naumann
Konrad Schmid
Jürgen Ramsel
Ralf Stierle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayern Chemie Gesellschaft fuer Flugchemische Antriebe mbH
Original Assignee
Bayern Chemie Gesellschaft fuer Flugchemische Antriebe mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2662350A2 publication Critical patent/EP2662350A2/fr
Publication of EP2662350A3 publication Critical patent/EP2662350A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/36—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitroparaffin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel for a gas generator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • monergoler fuel e.g. Nitromethane used, which is used as a rocket fuel. Since rocket fuels are aimed at generating as high a specific impulse as possible, rocket fuels burn at the highest possible temperature. In the hot combustion gases are significant proportions of water and carbon dioxide in the gas phase, so that they provide a significant contribution to the thrust generation. As a further favorable property, water has a low molecular weight and more internal degrees of freedom than diatomic gases such as oxygen or nitrogen.
  • the U.S. Patent 3,765,966 describes a process for preparing a gel explosive composition of nitromethane, inorganic nitrate, water or a methanol-containing liquid medium; It is an object of this method to improve the production of sludge which are gelatinous and have nitromethane-inorganic nitrate structures and are water-based.
  • the European patent application EP 1 321 505 describes a fuel which is gelatinous, containing nitromethane, hydrophobized silica and fine particulate ammonium dinitramide; This material composition is preferably used as a rocket fuel because of the high combustion temperature.
  • the patent DE 699 04 326 T2 describes solid pyrotechnic compositions which, on combustion, produce gases which do not contain solid residues and which consist of at least one organic binder with gel-forming action and of at least one main oxidation system in liquid phase absorbed by the binder, the organic binder containing geltruckender effect among polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose and xanthan gum is selected and the main oxidation system in the liquid phase consists of a mixture of water and Hydroxylamoniumnitrat in certain composition.
  • gelatinous organic solutions are known in which, among others, cellulose nitrate, nitromethane, glycerol and other ingredients are used.
  • rocket propellants when used in gas generators rocket propellants have the disadvantage that the very high combustion temperature mechanical structures overly thermally stressed or no durable resistant construction, eg. B. of working machines, permits.
  • the gas is to be used as a working gas, for example, for pressurizing containers, those under high pressure are relatively high Boiling temperatures of water and carbon dioxide disadvantageous because these two substances can condense on cooling and then do not contribute to the gas yield.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a fuel for a gas generator available, which leads at reduced combustion temperature to a high gas yield even at ambient temperature.
  • the high combustion temperature of the gelatinous, monergolic propellant is reduced by adding to the gelatinous fuel an additive which oxidizes to carbon monoxide (CO) during the combustion of the carbon of the fuel and to water for the oxidation of hydrogen (H 2 ) (H 2 O) and from carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) no oxygen is provided.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • the additive is inventively further explained with the features in claim 1.
  • the combustion of the fuel is influenced by the additive in such a way that carbon monoxide and hydrogen are formed instead of carbon dioxide and water.
  • the monergolen fuel at least a portion of the carbon and hydrogen, which would be burned without the additive to carbon dioxide and water, only incompletely burned to carbon monoxide and converted to hydrogen.
  • the additive so an oxygen deficiency is caused by the z.
  • a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon radical is converted only to carbon monoxide and hydrogen during combustion and not completely burned to carbon dioxide and water.
  • the invention arises from the combustion gas of monergolen fuel, a gas mixture in which on the one hand, the temperature due to the incomplete combustion of the fuel, the caused by the additive, is significantly reduced and on the other hand contains a high proportion of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2) and nitrogen (N2), ie gases that approximate in their properties of an ideal gas and thus over a very wide temperature - And pressure ranges do not condense, while the proportion of water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which differ substantially in their properties of ideal gases and thus condense under high pressure at much lower temperatures, is low.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • H2O hydrogen
  • N2 nitrogen
  • a fuel which contains at least one, liquid at ambient temperature, at least one nitro group-containing hydrocarbon, for example nitromethane or nitroethane.
  • the gelling agent may be, for example, pyrogenic silica or a LMOG (low molecular mass organic gelator) or be formed by carbon nanotubes.
  • the gel-like fuel may further contain metal particles, preferably aluminum or magnesium, for increasing energy, and also particles of energetic materials.
  • the proportion of the additive is 5 to 30% by weight of the fuel for the gas generator.
  • the additive is a at ambient temperature, ie operating temperature of the gas generator, d. H. z. B. at 0 degrees to 40 degrees Celsius liquid substance.
  • the additive according to claim 1 is a heptane, octane, isooctane or cyclohexane.
  • the additive is added to the gel fuel and mixed with it.
  • the additive in an alternative, not part of the invention Au amountsform, but also in whole or in part in a post-combustion zone or chamber with the initially hot combustion gas are brought into contact, which is formed by combustion of stored in a separate container gelatinous fuel.
  • the hot combustion gas then reacts in the post-combustion zone or chamber to which the additive is supplied, which in turn produces gas of reduced temperature.
  • the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O) formed in the combustion of the monergolen fuel in the combustion gas are at least partially reacted endothermic to carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ) in the post-combustion zone or chamber, ie reduced.
  • the promotion of the fuel can be done for example by oppression with gas or with a mechanically driven piston in the reservoir of the fuel.
  • the combustion of the fuel can be done by means of injectors in a combustion chamber.
  • the gel fuel may contain other liquid and solid additives in addition to the additive.
  • solid additives including the additive that converts carbon dioxide and water produced by combustion of the monergent fuel endothermically to carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is that it does not have to be miscible with the monergous fuel or gel fuel.
  • the combustion gases do not oxidize the structures of the work machines, tanks and pipelines, which improves their life and resilience.
  • the fuel according to the invention is achieved by reducing the combustion temperature, a significantly improved stability of acted upon by the combustion gas work machines, containers and pipelines. In addition, the yield of over wide temperature and pressure ranges is improved as ideal gases behaving reaction products.
  • the fuel density can be increased by adding a particulate additive. It is possible to use also with the monergolene fuel immiscible materials, if they are introduced in solid particulate form.
  • the fuel according to the invention can be used for any gas generators, for example, a gas generator for operating an engine, such as turbine; for inflating an airbag, of life rafts; emergency shelters or land systems; an erection for driving opening and lifting devices, or emergency seals or thrust generation in transverse jet control devices of aerospace equipment.
  • a fuel made from nitromethane with carbon nanotubes as gelling agent and 10 weight percent heptane was prepared. According to the calculation with the ECT Thermodynamic Code of the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology ICT, the burning temperature drops from 2197 to 1450 K at a constant pressure of 100 bar, whereby the amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water ( H2O) can be reduced by approx. 50% with approx. 50% increase in the proportion of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) at a constant nitrogen content.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • H2O water

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Carburant pour générateurs de gaz composé d'un carburant sous forme de gel contenant un carburant monergol et un agent gélifiant, caractérisé en ce qu'au carburant sous forme de gel est ajouté, en une proportion de 5-30 % en poids du carburant pour le générateur de gaz, au moins un additif qui est l'heptane, l'octane, l'iso-octane ou le cyclohexane, et l'additif est conçu de telle sorte que, lors de la combustion, il permet d'éviter la complète formation de dioxyde de carbone et d'eau, le carbone du carburant est oxydé en monoxyde de carbone (CO) et de l'oxygène n'est pas mis à disposition pour l'oxydation de l'hydrogène (H2) en eau (H2O) ainsi que du monoxyde de carbone en dioxyde de carbone (CO2).
  2. Carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le carburant monergol est un carburant qui contient au moins un hydrocarbure contenant au moins un groupe nitro.
  3. Carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'additif est liquide à la température ambiante.
  4. Carburant selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'hydrocarbure est un hydrocarbure liquide à la température ambiante.
EP13164672.1A 2012-05-09 2013-04-22 Carburant pour générateur à gaz Active EP2662350B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012104087A DE102012104087A1 (de) 2012-05-09 2012-05-09 Gasgenerator-Treibstoff

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2662350A2 EP2662350A2 (fr) 2013-11-13
EP2662350A3 EP2662350A3 (fr) 2015-08-05
EP2662350B1 true EP2662350B1 (fr) 2019-05-22

Family

ID=48143153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13164672.1A Active EP2662350B1 (fr) 2012-05-09 2013-04-22 Carburant pour générateur à gaz

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2662350B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012104087A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014016299A1 (de) * 2014-11-06 2016-05-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) Gasgenerator-Treibstoff auf der Basis von Ammoniumdinitramid (ADN) und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107187A (en) * 1959-02-05 1963-10-15 Atlantic Res Corp Propellant compositions
US3334053A (en) * 1965-04-15 1967-08-01 Ludwig F Audrieth Gelled organic solvents
US3765966A (en) * 1972-07-21 1973-10-16 Commercial Solvents Corp Gelled nitromethane composition
FR2779426B1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 2000-07-13 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Chargements pyrotechniques solides generateurs de gaz a base de compositions contenant de l'eau
DE10163978B4 (de) * 2001-12-22 2005-11-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Gelförmiger Treibstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung
DE102008025217B4 (de) 2008-05-27 2013-08-22 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft Für Flugchemische Antriebe Mbh Kraftmaschine
DE102008029150B4 (de) * 2008-06-19 2011-06-30 Bayern-Chemie Gesellschaft für flugchemische Antriebe mbH, 84544 Gasgenerator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2662350A3 (fr) 2015-08-05
DE102012104087A1 (de) 2013-11-14
EP2662350A2 (fr) 2013-11-13

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