EP2662131A2 - Dispositif émulsifiant - Google Patents

Dispositif émulsifiant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2662131A2
EP2662131A2 EP20130401048 EP13401048A EP2662131A2 EP 2662131 A2 EP2662131 A2 EP 2662131A2 EP 20130401048 EP20130401048 EP 20130401048 EP 13401048 A EP13401048 A EP 13401048A EP 2662131 A2 EP2662131 A2 EP 2662131A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
emulsifying
chamber
section
cross
symmetry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20130401048
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2662131A3 (fr
EP2662131B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Hensel
Manfred Kraut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Original Assignee
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT filed Critical Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Priority to PL13401048T priority Critical patent/PL2662131T3/pl
Publication of EP2662131A2 publication Critical patent/EP2662131A2/fr
Publication of EP2662131A3 publication Critical patent/EP2662131A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2662131B1 publication Critical patent/EP2662131B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/30—Micromixers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an emulsifying device having an emulsifying chamber with inflows and outlets for a fluid mixture of at least two fluid fractions to be mixed or dispersed or an emulsion according to claim 1.
  • An emulsifying device is used for the fluidic mixing of at least two fluid streams which have no solubility or limited solubility to one another, to form an emulsion.
  • An emulsion is a finely dispersed disperse mixture of at least two fluidic phases. In this case, at least one of the phases binds with the formation of droplets as a disperse phase in a common contiguous serving as a matrix carrier phase. The result is a disperse phase in carrier phase mixture.
  • Classic examples are oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions.
  • An emulsion is considered to be virtually stable over a period of time, i. she only slowly separates.
  • Insoluble fluid phases have an interfacial tension which must be overcome upon emulsification by suitable means for introducing energy into the fluid mixture.
  • the interfacial tension increases with decreasing droplet size of the disperse phase, i. in an emulsifier with constant energy input, e.g. A stirred tank is as long as a reduction in the droplet size of the disperse phase in the carrier phase, until due to the increasing interfacial energy sets an equilibrium.
  • the droplet size in the emulsion can thus be varied by the energy converted in the emulsifier.
  • an emulsifying device is different from a dispersing device in which a solid content of invariable particle size is mixed in a liquid.
  • Emulsifiers preferably surfactants, are mixed into the fluid phases. They support the emulsification process and stabilize the emulsion by reducing the interfacial tensions of the disperse phases to the carrier phase.
  • Known emulsifying devices employ mechanical stirrers for introducing energy into a fluid mixture, by means of which the fluid mixture is not only mixed, but additionally subjected to large shear pulses as homogeneously as possible.
  • a first basic design of an emulsifier with mixing vessel with agitator is found, for example, in DE 348 667 ,
  • DE-A 23 39 530 discloses with a stirrer having a plurality of serially arranged agitator chambers with blades having an outlet at the last chamber a more recent development for continuously mixing and emulsifying a multi-component mixture.
  • Stirrers however, have stirring arms, blades and other moving parts in the mixing areas. Moving parts are not only subject to increased wear, but in principle also provide a source of unwanted contamination. Furthermore, the possibilities of miniaturization and detection of all volume ranges of the stirring chambers are limited.
  • EP 0 545 334 B1 shows an example of an emulsifying device for the continuous emulsification of diesel fuel and water, which manages without moving parts.
  • the emulsion is formed in a plurality of stages in a plurality of vortex chambers corresponding to one another via nozzles and bores, wherein a rapid change between clamping and relaxing promotes the process.
  • vortex chambers in particular in conjunction with nozzles cause high and thus favorable shear stresses in the forming emulsion, but increase the likelihood of larger and thus disadvantageous dwell differences
  • Emulsion components in the emulsifier Emulsion components in the emulsifier.
  • EP 2 123 349 A2 discloses a continuous emulsifier for at least two immiscible fluid fractions which avoids such backmixing. It is proposed to introduce a first fluid tangentially and the second fluid axially into a round mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber, the first fluid flows around the second fluid, whereby shear arises between the two fluids. The fluid mixture begins to emulsify and is passed as an axially rotating emulsion strand axially to an axial outlet and further emulsified in this.
  • the latter device requires at least one supply line per fluid fraction directly into the mixing chamber, which could limit a parallel connection of a plurality of emulsifying devices for the purpose of capacity expansion.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a continuous emulsifier of the type mentioned, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages and limitations, doing without moving parts, Backmixing avoids and also characterized by a further simplified structure.
  • an emulsifying device having at least one tubular emulsifying chamber with two end regions.
  • a number of feeds for at least two fluid fractions to be dispersed each having at least one confluence with the emulsifying chamber and at least one orifice from the emulsifying chamber.
  • all the junctions are located exclusively in one of the two end regions, while the orifice is preferably positioned in the other end region.
  • junctions are technically reacted as at least one confluence for a fluid mixture of two immiscible fluid fractions, which includes both introduction via separate and via common junctions.
  • junctions of the fluid fractions are preferably over the circumference of the surface of the emulsification chamber, i. not arranged on the end face in alternating order in one or more planes.
  • the emulsifying chamber has a symmetrical about an axis of symmetry cross section between the two end regions. Junctions and / or outlets are preferably aligned askew to the axis of symmetry, these preferably in the flow direction tangentially or at an acute angle to a directly surrounding this wall region in the emulsifying chamber or open.
  • a helical flow with a helical flow direction around the axis of symmetry thus forms between the inlet and the outlet out.
  • the axis of symmetry and the emulsifying chamber have at least one curved region. While the helical flow in a straight emulsifying chamber is exposed to a constant centrifugal force component oriented approximately radially away from the axis of symmetry, this centrifugal force additionally acts in a bend towards a centrifugal force directed radially towards the center of curvature. The two centrifugal forces add up. The volume fractions in the helical flow are exposed in the curvature alone by this no longer a constant centrifugal force, but by the additionally superimposed centrifugal force due to the curvature of a cyclically changing force.
  • the flow thus advantageously produces a cyclic change between relaxation and tension and thus introduction of pulsed energy into the fluid mixture.
  • the amplitude between relaxation and tension increases with decreasing radius of curvature.
  • This dynamics causes in a particularly advantageous manner not only an acceleration of the emulsification, but compared to a non-curved rectilinear emulsification improved recoverability of smaller droplet sizes.
  • One possible embodiment of the emulsifying device is characterized in that the symmetry axis is helical. This makes it possible to realize longer curved emulsifying chamber sections and thus a longer effect of a pulsating energy on the fluid mixture.
  • longer curved emulsifying chamber sections with small radii of curvature can also be realized with this design.
  • the attributable to the curvature centrifugal force components increase with decreasing radius of curvature, ie low radii of curvature advantageously cause an increase in amplitude of the energy input to the volume fractions of the helical flow and thus the effect and speed of the emulsification.
  • a further embodiment of the emulsifying apparatus is characterized in that the axis of symmetry has successive bends in different spatial directions and / or the cross section of the emulsifying chamber changes continuously or preferably abruptly (discontinuously) along the symmetry line. These measures generate additional impulses. Directional changes also cause additional directions of action of the energy input and thus discontinuities or disturbances in the cyclic resulting centrifugal forces in the flow. Thus, not only an additional advantageous process acceleration are achieved, but also settled emulsifying interrupted and driven by new directional change, the small size of the droplet sizes in the forming emulsion.
  • the emulsification chamber has a round, elliptical, rectangular or square cross-section.
  • a round cross-section represents the basic design of an emulsifying chamber.
  • the cross-sectional shape corresponds to the extent of the helical flow minus a boundary layer on the Emulgierhuntwandung.
  • the helical flow undergoes a special stabilization due to the constant centrifugal force components which radiate constantly from the symmetry axis.
  • a circular cross-section with simple prefabricated means can be produced, for example by galvanic deposition around a round material such as a helical or spiral spring with subsequent detachment of the spring from the electrodeposited molded body.
  • the round material is preferably due to its simple thermal or chemical removability made of an electrically conductive coated plastic.
  • An elliptical cross section of the emulsifying chamber advantageously favors an elliptical helical flow adapted to the cross section. Only by this elliptical shape is a cyclically swelling centrifugal force on the fluid mixture (even without curvature). The effect is basically comparable to that of the centrifugal force acting on the flow by the curvature. However, the frequency of the swelling load is twice as high due to the elliptical cross-sectional shape (two maximum in a 360 ° pass of the helical flow in the ellipse). Together with a curvature, the forces acting on the flow add vectorially and thus their beneficial effects. The emulsification process is accelerated by the resulting dynamics in the aforementioned manner, the achievable droplet size further reduced.
  • An angular, preferably rectangular or square cross-section of the emulsifying chamber advantageously promotes improved manufacturability, preferably with a film stack design established in micro process technology.
  • the emulsification chamber extends flat on at least one plane, which are preferably formed by films.
  • the emulsification chambers and other fluid guides are technically implemented by grooves or breakthroughs in the stacked films.
  • the junctions and the openings are preferably also arranged parallel or perpendicular to the planes, wherein the axis of symmetry is arranged on or parallel to a plane.
  • An integration as a component in micro-procedural devices is particularly favored by this design.
  • the helical flow is not guided by the angular cross-section, but only limited. It forms in a free core region of the cross section preferably as a round or elliptical flow, while the corner regions of the cross section to passive low-flow Form dead zones.
  • Embodiments are also conceivable which are characterized in that the emulsifying chamber has tempering means. If the emulsifying chamber is an integral part of a micro process device, the tempering device preferably comprises a microchannel structure with a temperature control medium flowing through it.
  • a core is preferably arranged in the emulsifying chamber in its entire length.
  • the core is rotationally symmetrical about the symmetry axis and arranged.
  • the fluid volume of the emulsifying chamber is reduced to an annular gap volume between the core and the inner wall of the emulsifying chamber.
  • the emulsification-promoting process of recurrent tension and relaxation in the helical flow is improved with the aforementioned core in that the annular gap volume has angle-dependent (starting from the line of symmetry) dimensional differences of the inside diameter and the helical flow has corresponding angle-dependent cross-sectional enlargements or reductions.
  • a horrsunter Kunststoffe be realized by the fact that the core is either eccentric in the arranged to the axis of symmetry or axial interference profiles such. Have incisions, grooves, flats or steps, the core but otherwise has a preferred rotationally symmetrical cross-section.
  • Optional embodiments provide an emulsifying chamber with a variable cross section along the axis of symmetry, which in the axial direction cause back pressures or relaxations in the helical flow.
  • the first embodiment acc. Fig.1 schematically shows a tubular emulsifying chamber 1 with a first end portion 2 with junction 3 and a second end portion 4 with orifice 5 and an axis of symmetry 6.
  • a mixed fluid flow 7 enters via the confluence with the emulsifying and forms in this a helical flow 8 about the axis of symmetry Direction of the outlet.
  • the helical flow extends over the entire emulsifying chamber between the two end regions 2 and 4, wherein the emulsifying chamber has a cross section symmetrical about an axis of symmetry between the two end regions.
  • the main inflow direction of the fluid mixture stream 7 into the emulsification chamber preferably runs fluently, ie without a kink or deflection tangentially into the main flow direction of the helical flow 8 . In doing so, it essentially determines or influences the flow direction of the helical flow in the emulsification chamber.
  • the orientation of the orifice 4 for the emulsion stream is preferably oriented tangentially to the main flow direction of the helical flow 8 at the second end region. Consequently, according to these design criteria, the junction and the mouth of the emulsifying chamber discharge into or out of the emulsifying chamber, tangentially or at acute angles to a region of the tube wall immediately surrounding them.
  • the tangential to the helical flow provided orientation of the inlet and outlet with the least possible flow deflection favors a possible laminar inlet or outlet of the fluid flow in or out of the emulsifying.
  • This measure primarily serves to build and stabilize the helical flow starting from the two end regions.
  • This guiding effect can be optionally improved by configuring the emulsifying chamber only near the end regions with a rotationally symmetrical core (annular gap volume only in the end regions), which tapers from the end regions and preferably terminates in a tip.
  • the emulsification process is only indirectly influenced by a laminar inflow and outflow through the stable helical flow in the curved regions of the emulsification chamber.
  • each of the two panes are screwed into each one groove 12 each having a preferably semicircular cross-section, each of which forms a cavity with a round cross-section when the discs are placed on each other ( 2b ).
  • the junction 3 and orifice 5 are preferably introduced by means of drilling (round channel regions) and / or electrical erosion (angular channel regions) into the lower plate 10 according to the aforementioned design criteria.
  • the disk composite is halved in the middle at the level of the inlets and outlets (cf. 2a ).
  • There are two half-disk composites with frontally on the cut surface 13 (see. 2a ) must be covered by a cover sheet.
  • 3a to c show in perspective views schematically other embodiments again.
  • 3a and b disclose, by way of example, an emulsifying device, wherein the axis of symmetry has successive curvatures 14 in different spatial directions.
  • the curvatures are in contrast to those in FIG 3b illustrated embodiment of larger transition radii 15 at.
  • the curved portions thus include the curves 14 with the inlet paths.
  • 3 c shows an emulsifying device, in which the axis of symmetry is helical and with the longer curvature paths can be realized even with small radii.
  • the emulsifying chamber 1 is in the form of a slot-shaped opening 17 in FIG realized a foil which is covered on both sides by the adjacent foils.
  • the adjacent films themselves have breakthroughs for the junction 3 and 5 Ausmündung.
  • the cross-section of the emulsifying chamber 1 is quadrangular (see sectional view 4b ).
  • the films are bonded together by known methods such as, preferably, by gluing or diffusion bonding.
EP13401048.7A 2012-05-09 2013-05-07 Dispositif émulsifiant Not-in-force EP2662131B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13401048T PL2662131T3 (pl) 2012-05-09 2013-05-07 Urządzenie do emulgowania

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012104053A DE102012104053B3 (de) 2012-05-09 2012-05-09 Emulgiervorrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2662131A2 true EP2662131A2 (fr) 2013-11-13
EP2662131A3 EP2662131A3 (fr) 2014-09-03
EP2662131B1 EP2662131B1 (fr) 2016-10-05

Family

ID=48626386

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13401048.7A Not-in-force EP2662131B1 (fr) 2012-05-09 2013-05-07 Dispositif émulsifiant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2662131B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2815228A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012104053B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK2662131T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2662131T3 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE348667C (de) 1913-11-25 1922-02-14 Emilio Fiorini Misch- und Emulgiervorrichtung
DE2339530A1 (de) 1972-10-12 1974-04-25 Usm Corp Misch- und emulgiervorrichtung
EP0545334B1 (fr) 1991-12-03 1995-02-01 Roland Steinmaier Dispositif pour produire une émulsion gazole-eau
EP2123349A2 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-11-25 Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Dispositif d'émulsion

Family Cites Families (11)

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DE1642794A1 (de) * 1967-06-16 1971-04-29 Stockhausen & Cie Chem Fab Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Trueben und Schlaemmen mit Loesungen von Flockungsmitteln
FR2339430A1 (fr) * 1976-02-02 1977-08-26 Cem Comp Electro Mec Procede pour obtenir un melange homogene de deux ou plusieurs liquides, miscibles ou non miscibles
US4126425A (en) * 1977-06-15 1978-11-21 Hatch Associates Ltd. Gas mixer for sublimation purposes
US4234349A (en) * 1979-04-16 1980-11-18 Davies Hamakua Sugar Co., A Division Of Theo. H. Davies, Ltd. Apparatus for the purification of evaporated sugar solutions
US4345841A (en) * 1980-06-20 1982-08-24 Geosource Inc. Multi-stage centrifugal mixer
DE19628427A1 (de) * 1996-07-15 1998-01-22 Dorstener Maschf Ag Anlage zum Dispergieren von Metallpulver, insbesondere von Alu-Pulver für die Herstellung von Porenbeton
US7485454B1 (en) * 2000-03-10 2009-02-03 Bioprocessors Corp. Microreactor
US8376053B2 (en) * 2007-10-01 2013-02-19 Premium Artificial Lift Systems Ltd. Fluid flow conduit, method and use
JP5172294B2 (ja) * 2007-11-26 2013-03-27 佳和 福井 濁水浄化装置
JP4667541B2 (ja) * 2008-10-20 2011-04-13 旭有機材工業株式会社 渦巻き式流体混合器及び渦巻き式流体混合器を用いた装置
JP5785158B2 (ja) * 2010-04-28 2015-09-24 株式会社 多自然テクノワークス 微細気泡発生装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE348667C (de) 1913-11-25 1922-02-14 Emilio Fiorini Misch- und Emulgiervorrichtung
DE2339530A1 (de) 1972-10-12 1974-04-25 Usm Corp Misch- und emulgiervorrichtung
EP0545334B1 (fr) 1991-12-03 1995-02-01 Roland Steinmaier Dispositif pour produire une émulsion gazole-eau
EP2123349A2 (fr) 2008-05-21 2009-11-25 Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Dispositif d'émulsion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2815228A1 (fr) 2013-11-09
DE102012104053B3 (de) 2013-09-26
EP2662131A3 (fr) 2014-09-03
PL2662131T3 (pl) 2017-06-30
DK2662131T3 (en) 2017-01-16
EP2662131B1 (fr) 2016-10-05

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