EP2648972B1 - Hélice ou rotor - Google Patents

Hélice ou rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2648972B1
EP2648972B1 EP12700386.1A EP12700386A EP2648972B1 EP 2648972 B1 EP2648972 B1 EP 2648972B1 EP 12700386 A EP12700386 A EP 12700386A EP 2648972 B1 EP2648972 B1 EP 2648972B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propeller
shutter
impeller
channel
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12700386.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2648972A1 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2648972A1 publication Critical patent/EP2648972A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2648972B1 publication Critical patent/EP2648972B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/18—Propellers with means for diminishing cavitation, e.g. supercavitation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a propeller or repeller according to the preamble of patent claim 1;
  • a propeller is for example from the RU 2094304 C1 and US 2003 186 known.
  • propellers in particular of ship propellers (often referred to as "propellers")
  • it may come from a certain speed to cavitation on the propeller.
  • a large overpressure occurs on the thrust side (or the front side) of the propeller blades, while on the back of the propeller blades, a negative pressure is created, which leads there to an evaporation of water.
  • cavitation is used specifically to create an object with very low flow resistance to pass through a liquid.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that a portion of the thrust is lost by an increase in pressure on the back, which in particular the acceleration or drive capacity is limited at low speeds.
  • the channels are connected to a common supply channel and the supply channel comprises as an actuator a closure for at least partially closing the channel.
  • the actuator provided according to the invention can be specifically influenced the pressure increase on the back. At lower speeds of the propeller or repeller then selectively no or a lower pressure increase can be effected on the back than at relatively higher speeds. At low speeds of the propeller or repeller, where there is no danger of cavitation, then due to the lower pressure increase essentially the entire thrust or driving force can be used. This is especially important for ships that need to be able to leave their location as quickly as possible in the event of danger.
  • the device for supplying a liquid in the leaves to the rear side extending channels As a result, the back of the liquid can be supplied particularly easily distributed over the back.
  • the supply channel is arranged in a hub of the propeller or repeller. It can then be connected, for example, with one or more openings in the hub and be supplied with the liquid over here.
  • the closure may, for example, be arranged in the form of a flap or cover on the outside of the surface of the sheet or the hub. But it can also be arranged in the form of a slide or valve similar to a bulkhead in the interior of the sheet or the hub or be integrated therein.
  • a movable closure i. the closure is movable from a first position to a second position, wherein the closure less closes or does not close the channel in the second position compared to the first position.
  • the closure is preferably movably mounted in the sheet such that movement of the closure from the first position to the second position during an operational rotation of the sheet is effected by a centrifugal force acting on the closure and / or an inertial force acting on the closure.
  • a centrifugal force acting on the closure and / or an inertial force acting on the closure.
  • Movement of the shutter in the second position made use of.
  • the closure When the closure is coupled to a spring element which, upon movement of the closure from the first position to the second position, exerts a force on the closure towards the first position, the closure can be automatically returned to the first position as soon as the closure moves centrifugal and / or inertial force acting on the shutter becomes smaller than the spring force acting on the shutter due to decreasing rotational speeds.
  • the movement of the closure back into the first position is thus purely passive, ie it requires no additional external energy.
  • an actuator may be present to move the closure from the first position to the second position.
  • the actuator may be, for example, an electric or hydraulic actuator. This allows individually and independently of the speed of the propeller or repeller, the opening degree of the channel can be adjusted.
  • the device for supplying a liquid comprises at least one sensor for detecting cavitation noise of the propeller or repeller.
  • the supply of liquid to the back of the leaves can be selectively activated only when the noise exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the water supply to the back of the leaves can always be adjusted so that the resulting pressure on the leaves just no longer a for Cavitation critical height reached. As a result, the maximum thrust or driving force still available for avoiding cavitation can be utilized.
  • the at least one sensor can be arranged, for example, on the propeller or repeller hub.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a known from the prior art propeller 1, which comprises a propeller hub 2 and a plurality of propeller blades 3 attached thereto.
  • the propeller blades 3 are shown in simplified form and in practice have a much more complex shape.
  • the propeller 1 and the sheets 3 attached thereto rotate during operation of the propeller 1 about a rotation axis 9.
  • the propeller 1 is used, for example, to propel a ship and is then often referred to as a "propeller”.
  • each of the propeller blades 3 has a front side 4, sometimes referred to as a "thrust side", and a rear side 5, sometimes referred to as a "suction side” or “vacuum side”
  • the propeller 1 has a device 20 for supplying water to the rear side 5 in the form of a plurality of channels 6 running from the front side 4 to the back side 5, which extend transversely parallel to the axis of rotation 9 through each of the leaves 3. Through these channels 6, water can flow from the front side 4 to the back side 5 during operation of the propeller 1, as a result of which the pressure on the rear side of the blades increases (or the negative pressure is reduced) and thus cavitation on the rear side 5 can be prevented.
  • FIG. 3 For this purpose, a section of a propeller blade 3 of a propeller according to the invention with a closed by a closure 7 channel 6 is shown.
  • the shutter 7 is formed in the manner of a bulkhead, which is arranged in the sheet 3 and integrated therein.
  • the shutter 7 is of an in FIG. 3 shown in the first position 11, in which it completely closes the channel 6, in an in FIG. 4 shown second position 12 movable in which the channel 6 is unlocked.
  • the closure 7 is mounted for this purpose by means of a guide 8 movable in the sheet 3.
  • the mounting is such that movement of the shutter 7 from the first position 11 to the second position 12 by a centrifugal force acting on the shutter 7 and / or an inertial force acting on the shutter due to an operational rotation of the Sheet 3 about a rotation axis 9 (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 ) he follows.
  • the shutter 7 remains in the in FIG. 3 shown first position 11 and closes the channel 6, while at increasingly higher speeds and thus higher centrifugal force and / or inertial force in the in FIG. 4 shown second position 12 moves outside the channel 6, in which the channel 6 is unlocked.
  • the channel 6 Since the channel 6 is closed at low speeds, the entire thrust or driving force is available for this speed range. This is also possible safely with respect to cavitation, since there is no great risk of cavitation in this area. Thus, thrust or driving force losses in the low-speed range, in which they can be particularly noticeable and affect, for example, the acceleration capacity of a ship can be avoided without cavitation. Conversely, at high speeds at which the risk of cavitation is greatest, the channels 6 are opened, whereby cavitation can be avoided there with only relatively small restrictions in the thrust or driving force.
  • the shutter 7 is coupled to a spring element 10.
  • This spring element 10 exerts a force on the closure 7 in the direction of the first position 11 when moving from the first position 11 to the second position 12 and in the second position 12.
  • the spring element 10 is designed such that it is possible only from a speed from which there is a higher risk of cavitation, a movement of the shutter 7, ie only from this point on, the force acting on the shutter 7 spring force is then lower as the centrifugal force and the inertial force acting on the shutter 7.
  • FIG. 5 To use the centrifugal force and / or inertial force to move the shutter 7, the shutter 7 is as in FIG FIG. 5 shown in a, relative to the axis of rotation 9 of the propeller 1 or sheet 3, direction radially to tangentially outward (ie away from the axis of rotation 9) movably supported by the guide 8 in the sheet 3. This area is in FIG. 5 characterized by the angle ⁇ .
  • the propeller blade 3 can be used in propellers 1 with different rotational direction, is preferably dispensed with the use of inertial force and the movement of the shutter 7 is effected solely by the centrifugal force.
  • the shutter 7 is then, in relation to the axis of rotation 9 of the propeller 1 or sheet 3, mounted in a direction radially outwardly movable by the guide 8 in the sheet 3.
  • the shutter 7 may be moved from the first position 11 to the second position 12 by an actuator 21 instead of the centrifugal force and / or inertial force.
  • the actuator 21 may be, for example, an electric or hydraulic actuator.
  • the closure 7 in the form of a movable aperture 22, which has an opening 23 with the diameter of the channel 6 is formed.
  • the aperture 22 is then in turn coupled to the actuator 21.
  • the actuator 21 With the actuator 21, the opening degree of the channel 6 can be adjusted individually and independently of the speed of the propeller 1 or repeller. Electrical energy for the actuator 21, for example, inductively in the hub 2 and the leaves 3 are transmitted.
  • a closure 26 for at least partially closing the channel 24 is arranged as an actuator for the water supply.
  • the closure 26 is designed, for example, in the form of a valve which can be actuated via an electric actuator 27.
  • the electrical energy for the actuator can, for example, be transmitted inductively into the hub 2.
  • the supply channel 24 is connected to a feed pump 28, which serves as an actuator for adjusting the supply of water to the back 5 of the sheets 3.
  • the device 20 for supplying water further comprises a sensor 29 for detecting cavitation noise at the propeller 1, a drive device 30 for driving the feed pump 28 and a coupled to the sensor 29 and the drive means 30 control and / or regulating device 31 for a Control and / or regulation of the supply of water to the backs of the leaves 3.
  • a supply of water to the back of the sheets 3 can be activated only when the noise exceeds a predetermined limit.
  • the water supply can be adjusted by the control and / or regulating device 31 in such a way that the negative pressure arising at the blades 3 no longer reaches a critical height for cavity formation.
  • the sensor 29 may be arranged, for example, on the propeller or repeller hub 2.
  • the feed pump 28, the drive device 30 and the control and / or regulating device 31 can be arranged outside the hub 2 and a shaft 32 coupled to the hub 2, for example in the hull of a ship.
  • the feed pump 28 may be familiar to those skilled in the art fluidic coupling elements to be coupled to the supply channel 24.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Hélice ( 1 ) ou rotor ayant des pales ( 3 ), qui ont respectivement un côté ( 4 ) avant et un côté ( 5 ) arrière, et comprenant un dispositif ( 20 ) d'apport d'un liquide, notamment d'eau, au côté arrière des pales ( 3 ), le dispositif ( 20 ) d'apport d'un liquide comprenant au moins un élément de réglage pour régler l'apport de liquide au côté ( 5 ) arrière des pales ( 3 ), ainsi que des canaux ( 6 ) qui s'étendent dans les pales ( 3 ) vers leur côté ( 5 ) arrière, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs des canaux ( 6 ) communiquent avec un canal ( 24 ) commun d'alimentation et en ce que le canal ( 24 ) d'alimentation comprend comme élément de réglage une fermeture ( 7 ) pour fermer au moins en partie le canal ( 6 ).
  2. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que les canaux ( 6 ) s'étendent respectivement du côté ( 4 ) avant des pales ( 3 ) au côté ( 5 ) arrière des pales ( 3 ) et en ce que chacun des canaux ( 6 ) comprend comme élément de réglage une fermeture ( 7 ) pour fermer au moins en partie le canal ( 6 ).
  3. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que le canal ( 24 ) d'alimentation est disposé dans un moyeu ( 2 ) de l'hélice ( 1 ) ou du rotor.
  4. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la fermeture ( 7 ) peut passer d'une première position ( 11 ) à une deuxième position ( 12 ), la fermeture ( 7 ) fermant moins le canal ( 6 ou 24 ) dans la deuxième position que dans la première position ou ne le fermant pas du tout.
  5. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé par un montage mobile de la fermeture ( 7 ) dans la pale ( 3 ) de façon à ce qu'un passage de la fermeture ( 7 ) de la première position ( 11 ) à la deuxième position ( 12 ), alors que la pale tourne en fonctionnement autour d'un axe ( 9 ) de rotation, s'effectue par une force centrifuge s'appliquant à la fermeture ( 7 ) et/ou par une force d'inertie s'appliquant à la fermeture ( 7 ).
  6. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que la fermeture est, par rapport à un axe ( 9 ) de rotation de fonctionnement de la pale ( 3 ), montée mobile dans la pale ( 3 ) dans une direction radialement vers l'extérieur.
  7. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé en ce que la fermeture ( 7 ) est couplée à un élément ( 10 ) de ressort qui, lorsque la fermeture ( 7 ) passe de la première position ( 11 ) à la deuxième position ( 12 ), applique une force à la fermeture ( 7 ) dans la direction allant vers la première position ( 11 ).
  8. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé par un actionneur ( 21 ) pour faire passer la fermeture ( 7 ) de la première position ( 11 ) à la deuxième position ( 12 ).
  9. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que plusieurs des canaux ( 6 ) communiquent avec un canal ( 24 ) commun d'alimentation et en ce que le canal ( 24 ) d'alimentation est relié à une pompe ( 28 ) de circulation du liquide comme élément de réglage.
  10. Hélice ou rotor ( 1 ) suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif ( 20 ) d'apport d'un liquide comprend au moins un capteur ( 29 ) de détection de bruit de cavitation de l'hélice ou du rotor.
EP12700386.1A 2011-01-28 2012-01-10 Hélice ou rotor Not-in-force EP2648972B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110003320 DE102011003320A1 (de) 2011-01-28 2011-01-28 Propeller oder Repeller
PCT/EP2012/050289 WO2012100978A1 (fr) 2011-01-28 2012-01-10 Hélice ou roue

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2648972A1 EP2648972A1 (fr) 2013-10-16
EP2648972B1 true EP2648972B1 (fr) 2016-05-04

Family

ID=45495936

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12700386.1A Not-in-force EP2648972B1 (fr) 2011-01-28 2012-01-10 Hélice ou rotor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2648972B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101572740B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN103347779B (fr)
DE (1) DE102011003320A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2577977T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012100978A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4188906A (en) 1959-08-25 1980-02-19 Miller Marlin L Supercavitating propeller with air ventilation
JPS61244691A (ja) * 1985-04-22 1986-10-30 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 船尾空気吹出装置
FR2589423A1 (fr) * 1985-11-04 1987-05-07 Weldon Thomas Helice de propulsion fonctionnant dans un milieu liquide
JPH02164686A (ja) * 1988-12-16 1990-06-25 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd プロペラ軸支持用ストラット
RU2009957C1 (ru) * 1991-04-26 1994-03-30 Халиуллин Юрий Михайлович Способ снижения кавитации гребного винта и устройство для снижения кавитации гребного винта
RU2094304C1 (ru) 1994-08-18 1997-10-27 Владимир Юльевич Рубинов Гребной судовой винт
AUPO620197A0 (en) * 1997-04-14 1997-05-08 Leung, Chi Keung Extra byte propeller
US6629831B2 (en) * 1999-04-16 2003-10-07 Coach Wei Apparatus for altering the physical properties of fluids
US6368059B1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2002-04-09 Lockheed Martin Corporation Controlled passive porosity systems to mitigate cavitation
CN1338413A (zh) * 2001-05-23 2002-03-06 佟宪良 一种提高螺旋推进装置效率的方法
SG120060A1 (en) * 2002-04-02 2006-03-28 Inst Of High Performance Compu Self-actuating foldable obstacle system on hydraulic lifting bodies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103347779B (zh) 2016-12-14
KR20130121958A (ko) 2013-11-06
KR101572740B1 (ko) 2015-11-27
ES2577977T3 (es) 2016-07-19
CN106184671A (zh) 2016-12-07
WO2012100978A1 (fr) 2012-08-02
CN103347779A (zh) 2013-10-09
DE102011003320A1 (de) 2012-08-02
EP2648972A1 (fr) 2013-10-16

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