EP2647100A2 - Dispositif destiné à être utilisé dans un système de propulsion électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif destiné à être utilisé dans un système de propulsion électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif

Info

Publication number
EP2647100A2
EP2647100A2 EP11778913.1A EP11778913A EP2647100A2 EP 2647100 A2 EP2647100 A2 EP 2647100A2 EP 11778913 A EP11778913 A EP 11778913A EP 2647100 A2 EP2647100 A2 EP 2647100A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
load output
battery system
common load
switched
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11778913.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Eisele
Yvonne Wiegand
Stefan Heimpel
Maximilian Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of EP2647100A2 publication Critical patent/EP2647100A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/20—Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for operating an electric drive system according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for this according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • Zero Emission Zones These are areas in which only those vehicles are allowed to drive that drive without emissions, for example, buses and delivery trucks in these zones must be operated purely electrically.
  • plug-in hybrid vehicles are known whose battery is not only regenerated by recuperation of braking energy, i. can be charged by regenerative braking, or by the internal combustion engine, but also via the power grid by means of an external charging station.
  • Plugln hybrid vehicles combine the advantages of electric vehicles and pure combustion engine vehicles. On the one hand, in city traffic, e.g. in environmental zones, driven purely electrically and thus emission and noise-free and on the other hand can be covered by the internal combustion engine longer distances, even if the battery has a low state of charge.
  • the present invention seeks to overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art and to propose a device and a method for use with an electric drive system, which (s) with little effort the operation of parallel connected batteries or battery systems without a DC link electronics enabled on an inverter.
  • This object is achieved with regard to the device according to the invention by the features of claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by the features of claim 5.
  • a device for use in an electric drive system, in particular in a hybridized drive system of a motor vehicle, comprising at least a first and a second battery system arranged in a parallel circuit, the load outputs of which are combined to form a common load output, each battery system having an energy store and a battery coupled precharge, wherein by means of an output of the precharge each of the load output of the battery system is formed, the load output of each battery system by means of the precharge circuit in each case at the common load output and can be switched off, the common load output energetically coupled directly to an inverter input of an inverter of the device is, in particular by means of an intermediate circuit capacitor.
  • the load output of each battery system can be switched on or off in each case by means of a battery management system of the battery system, the battery management system in particular activating the precharge circuit and / or a contactor.
  • the battery management system interacts with a control device of the device, in particular a hybrid control device.
  • the device is designed to switch the load outputs of the at least first and / or second battery system alternately to the common load output.
  • the invention proposes a method for operating a device according to the invention, in particular in an electric drive system, and further in a hybridized drive system, wherein in a first step, a first of the battery systems, in particular depending on the state of charge of the energy storage is switched off from the common load output by means of its precharging , wherein in a second step, a second of the battery systems is switched on at the common load output by means of its precharging device, in particular depending on the state of charge of the energy storage.
  • connection of the battery system in the second step is carried out by raising an inverter input voltage by means of the precharging device of the connected battery system.
  • a battery system in the second step, is switched on whose energy store has a higher charge level than the energy store switched off in the first step.
  • a method is also proposed, wherein at least for the duration of the first and second steps, a third of the battery systems is connected in parallel with the common load output, in particular for stabilizing an inverter input voltage, wherein the third of the battery systems is switched on and off in particular by means of a precharging device.
  • a method is proposed according to the invention, wherein in energy recovery by the inverter in the common load output for the purpose of charging an energy storage in the first step, a battery system is disconnected from the common load output, the energy storage has a first, especially high, state of charge, and in the second Step, a battery system is connected to the common load output, the energy storage has a relation to the E- nergie Eat the shutdown battery system lower charge state.
  • the battery system connected in the second step is selected as a function of the state of charge of its energy store from a plurality of battery systems for connection to the common load output.
  • the invention also proposes a motor vehicle, in particular a plug-in hybrid motor vehicle with a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows by way of example a battery system for forming the device according to the invention according to a possible embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows by way of example a device for carrying out the method according to the invention in accordance with a possible embodiment of the invention.
  • the device 1 shows by way of example and schematically a device 1 according to the invention for use in an electric drive system 2, in particular of a hybridized motor vehicle and furthermore, in particular, of a plug-in hybrid motor vehicle.
  • the device 1 comprises an inverter 3, in particular a voltage inverter, which is provided for connection to an electric drive unit 4 of the drive system 2, e.g. an induction machine.
  • the inverter 3 is operated, for example, with pulse width modulation (PWM).
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the inverter 3 in addition to circuit breakers, which are composed of power semiconductor components, e.g. a control device for the power semiconductor components of the circuit breaker.
  • the device 1 furthermore has a plurality of, in particular, similar battery systems 5 a, 5 b, 5 c,..., At least one first 5 a and a second 5 b battery system, which respectively comprise or have an energy store 6, eg FIG. 1.
  • the energy store 6 of a battery system 5 a, 5 b, 5 c,... Can each be formed by means of a plurality of partial energy stores 6 a, 6 b, 6 c,... Or as a single energy store 6.
  • the energy store 6 or a partial energy store 6a, 6b, 6c,... Is formed in the form of a battery cell, alternatively, for example, in the form of a fuel cell or a super-cap.
  • a plurality of partial energy stores 6a, 6b, 6c,... Can be connected in series, for example, in parallel or as shown in order to form the energy store 6.
  • a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... Is formed in each case in particular by means of an energy store 6 in the form of a rechargeable battery, in particular in the form of a traction battery.
  • the stored energy is available, ie between the electrical connections, wherein the battery system 5a, 5b, 5c, ... in particular each provides a DC voltage available.
  • a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... a housing 8 in which its components are protected against environmental influences or isolated, and furthermore each having an electrical output, i. a load output 9 through which the energy of the energy store 6 can be delivered, i.e. a load-side output.
  • the load output 9 is in each case formed, in particular, by means of two connection terminals 10 of a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... can be led out of the housing 8.
  • At least a first 5a and a second 5b battery system for forming the device according to the invention are connected in parallel, in particular more than two battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c,...,
  • the load outputs 9 of the battery systems 5a, 5b , 5c, ... are combined to form a common load output 1 1, ie electric.
  • the thus formed common load output 1 1 according to the invention energetically directly or directly coupled to the inverter input 12 of the inverter 3 of the device, i. without between the common load output 1 1 and the inverter 3 switched power electronics.
  • the input 12 of the inverter 3 is preceded in particular by an intermediate circuit capacitor 13 for energetic coupling, in particular in the form of at least one intermediate circuit capacitor 13.
  • the coupling element or the intermediate circuit capacitor 13 is provided in particular for energy supplied by the common load output 11 store or store between to provide the inverter 3 to drive an electric drive unit 4 as needed available, for example, with a designated voltage level.
  • the coupling element 13 is in particular connected between the input terminals 3a of the inverter 3.
  • each battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... has a precharge circuit 14, which may be in particular an integral part of the respective battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,.
  • the precharge circuit 14 is provided to limit the high charging current, which can cause the coupling or energy storage element 13 arranged at the common load output 11.
  • the inverter input voltage can be selectively raised to the voltage level of a battery system 5 a, 5 b, 5 c,... That is to be electrically connected to the common load output 1 1 without a defect occurring.
  • a precharge circuit 14 is in each case coupled to the energy store 6 of a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,. electrically, wherein by means of an output 14a of the precharge circuit 14 each of the load output 9 of a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c, ... is formed.
  • the precharge circuit 14 comprises a precharging 15 and a main contactor 16 and a precharge resistor 17 in a manner known per se, the load output 9 of each battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... Each being connected to the common load output 1 by means of the contactors 15, 16 1 on and off, ie by opening the contactors 15, 16 and closing e.g. a contactor 15 or 1 6.
  • the arrangement of another contactor in the battery system 5a, 5b, 5c, ... may be provided in addition, e.g. Fig. 1.
  • the respective load output 9 of each battery system 5 a, 5 b, 5 c,... can therefore be connected or disconnected in a simple manner to the common load output 1 1.
  • a battery management system 18 or a battery control device of a respective battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... Is provided, which is formed integrally therewith, for example.
  • a battery management system 18 controls the connection a load output 9 to the common load output 1 1 or for switching off the common load output 1 1 in particular in each case at least one contactor 15, 16 of the respective precharge circuit 14, wherein the pre-charging contactor 15 is closed and the main contactor 16 bridged for switching in particular first can, ie a connection of a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c, ... to the common load output 1 1 after precharging takes place.
  • the invention provides that a battery management system 18 each cooperates with a control device 19 of the device 1, in particular a hybrid control unit.
  • the battery management system 18 is supplied with switching signals for opening and closing the contactors 15, 16, so that switching on and off of the respective load output 9 is made possible in a simple manner.
  • the signals of the controller 19 are e.g. transmitted via a bus 20 to the respective battery management systems 18.
  • the load outputs 9 of different battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c,... Can be switched alternately to the common load output 1 1 or the inverter 3 with the device 1 designed in this way.
  • the inverter 3 is operated for drive purposes, ie for feeding a load-side unit 4, such a battery system 5a to be disconnected is in particular one whose charge state has dropped low and below a predetermined threshold, for example.
  • the state of charge is monitored, for example, by the battery management system 18 of the battery system 5 a and transmitted, for example via the bus 20 to the controller 19.
  • a second of the battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c,..., Eg the battery system 5b is switched on at the common load output 1 1 by means of its pre-charging device 14, in particular once again depending on the state of charge of its energy store 6
  • Operation of the inverter 3 for particular driving purposes is here, in particular based on the monitored by means of the respective battery management systems 18 and transmitted to the controller 19 charge states of the other energy storage 6 of the other battery systems 5a, 5c, 5d, ... from the controller 19, a battery system 5b selected, the energy storage 6 has a high, especially compared to the other battery systems 5a, 5c, 5d, ... highest state of charge.
  • the selected battery system 5a, 5b, 5c, ..., e.g. the battery system 5b, is connected by means of its load output 9 to the common load output 1 1, wherein in particular the connection is provided by utilizing the Vorlade mecanickeit means of Vorladeflexes 15 and the Vorladewiderstands 17, i. the connection of the further battery system 5b takes place in the second step by raising an inverter input voltage by means of the precharging device 14 of the battery system to be connected, e.g. 5b.
  • an empty battery or an energy store 6 can be easily separated electrically from the inverter 3 and a new battery or an energy store 6 can be connected in a simple manner to further drive the electric unit 4.
  • Switching off a battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... And connecting a further battery system 5a, 5b, 5c,... during hybrid driving, during a load change, during a shift, in a standstill phase, with low torque request to the electric motor or the unit 4.
  • the common load output 1 1 is connected in parallel, wherein the third battery system 5c during or after connection of a second of the battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c, ..., e.g. 5b, is switched off to the common load output 1 1, wherein the third battery system 5c is switched on and off in particular by means of a pre-charging device 14 thereof. At least for the duration of the first and second steps, in this case the third battery system 5c is connected to the common load output 11.
  • the integration of a third of the battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c,..., which in particular has an energy store 6 in the form of a special precharge battery, into the parallel circuit or the battery combination, is provided when switching between a first and a second battery system , ie switching off a first and a turn on a second to each of the common load output 1 1, interposed to be and to stabilize the intermediate circuit formed by means of the intermediate circuit capacitor 13.
  • the third precharge battery system eg 5c, has, for example, an energy store 6 of a lower energy content compared to further energy stores 6 of the further battery systems 5a, 5b, 5d,..., But a particularly larger precharge resistor 17.
  • the disconnected battery system 5a is e.g. previously - for example, for drive purposes - due to its high energy storage state of charge to the common load output 1 1 has been turned on.
  • the energy storage 6 has a relation to the energy storage 6 of the disconnected battery system 5a lower charge state.
  • the battery system 5a to be connected is in turn selected by the controller 19 in conjunction with the battery management system 18, i. as a function of the state of charge of the energy store 6, and in particular switched on by means of its precharge circuit 14.
  • the selected battery system 5b is in particular that whose energy store 6 has the lowest charge state in comparison to the other.
  • the energy stores 6 of the respective battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c,... Sequentially load or switch on and off, ie starting with the one having the lowest state of charge - in particular to prevent over-discharge - and ending with the one with the highest state of charge.
  • derum provided to turn each time before switching off and after each connection exactly one energy storage 6 to the common load output 1 1.
  • a loading of the energy storage 6 is then - should the recuperated energy is insufficient - e.g. during hybrid travel due to load point shift.
  • the charging of the energy stores 6, in particular of battery cells can also take place on the power grid, as well as sequentially as described above.
  • the bus load on the bus 20, in particular a CAN bus despite the large number of participating battery systems 5a, 5b, 5c, ... to keep low.
  • the respective battery system 5a, 5b, 5c, ... sends on its assigned ID only a limited amount of information, e.g. their current state of charge (SOC) and possibly status information such as voltage, temperature, state of health.
  • SOC state of charge
  • the "sleeping" energy stores 6 or batteries have to switch to the normal operating scope for on-demand connection, that is, they must listen permanently to a wake-up signal on the bus 20 in sleep mode.
  • the first step and the second step several times in succession, the first and the second step each alternating.
  • exactly one energy store 6 is always connected to the common load output 1 1 after each switchover.
  • the suitable energy store 6 can be connected to the inverter 3 in each case.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif (1) destiné à être utilisé dans un système de propulsion électrique (2), notamment dans un système de propulsion hybride d'un véhicule à moteur, présentant au moins un premier (5a) et un deuxième (5b) système de batterie (5a, 5b, 5c,...) montés en parallèle, dont les sorties de charge (9) sont regroupées dans une sortie de charge commune (11). Chaque système de batterie (5a, 5b, 5c,...) présente un accumulateur d'énergie (6) et un circuit de précharge (14) couplé à ce dernier, la sortie de charge (9) respective du système de batterie (5a, 5b, 5c,...) étant formée par une sortie (14a) du circuit de précharge (14), la sortie de charge (9) de chaque système de batterie (5a, 5b, 5c,...) pouvant être respectivement connectée à la sortie de charge commune (11) ou déconnectée de cette dernière par l'intermédiaire du circuit de précharge (14). La sortie de charge commune (11) est directement couplée sur le plan énergétique à une sortie (12) d'un onduleur (3) du dispositif (1), notamment au moyen d'un condensateur de circuit intermédiaire (13). L'invention concerne également un procédé pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif (1).
EP11778913.1A 2010-12-01 2011-11-07 Dispositif destiné à être utilisé dans un système de propulsion électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif Withdrawn EP2647100A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010062249A DE102010062249A1 (de) 2010-12-01 2010-12-01 Vorrichtung zur Verwendung in einem elektrischen Antriebssystem und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen
PCT/EP2011/069510 WO2012072372A2 (fr) 2010-12-01 2011-11-07 Dispositif destiné à être utilisé dans uns système de propulsion électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2647100A2 true EP2647100A2 (fr) 2013-10-09

Family

ID=44906179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11778913.1A Withdrawn EP2647100A2 (fr) 2010-12-01 2011-11-07 Dispositif destiné à être utilisé dans un système de propulsion électrique et procédé pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20130234508A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2647100A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014506105A (fr)
CN (1) CN103250322A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010062249A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012072372A2 (fr)

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WO2012072372A3 (fr) 2012-08-09
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US20130234508A1 (en) 2013-09-12
JP2014506105A (ja) 2014-03-06
CN103250322A (zh) 2013-08-14

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