EP2646754A1 - Brûleur - Google Patents

Brûleur

Info

Publication number
EP2646754A1
EP2646754A1 EP11791519.9A EP11791519A EP2646754A1 EP 2646754 A1 EP2646754 A1 EP 2646754A1 EP 11791519 A EP11791519 A EP 11791519A EP 2646754 A1 EP2646754 A1 EP 2646754A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
conically shaped
pipe
gas
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11791519.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Hermanus Maria Disselhorst
Johannes Cornelis De Jong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to EP11791519.9A priority Critical patent/EP2646754A1/fr
Publication of EP2646754A1 publication Critical patent/EP2646754A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00003—Fuel or fuel-air mixtures flow distribution devices upstream of the outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00014—Pilot burners specially adapted for ignition of main burners in furnaces or gas turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner, more specifically a gas burner wherein a fuel gas and oxygen- containing gas are pre-mixed before ignition.
  • the burner of the present invention is particularly suitable as an auxiliary burner or heat-up burner in partial oxidation reactors for the manufacture of synthesis gas by partial oxidation of a gaseous hydrocarbon-containing fuel.
  • Partial oxidation processes are, for example, used for the production of pressurized synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gas. To this end, gaseous or liquid
  • hydrocarbon fuels and oxygen-containing gas are examples of hydrocarbon fuels and oxygen-containing gas
  • a reactor introduced into a reactor via a main gasification burner as for example described in WO-A-96/03345.
  • a flame is maintained in which the fuel reacts with the oxygen-containing gas to form a gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • auxiliary burner can be used.
  • the auxiliary burner must have sufficiently high capacity to increase the temperature of the reactor and refractory lining to such high level that the mixture of oxygen-containing gas and hydrocarbon fuel spontaneously ignites when these reactants are introduced via the main gasification burner into the reactor. It is, therefore, always an aim to maximize the capacity -i.e. the power produced per area unit at the burner mouth- of the auxiliary burner.
  • the auxiliary burner is suitably positioned, either permanently or in a retractable manner, inside the main gasification burner along its central axis. In this way there is no need for a separate nozzle and refractory plug in the reactor. Because the dimensions of the main gasification burner are limited the auxiliary burner must be compact to fit within said main gasification burner.
  • EP-A-2 , 085, 696 discloses an auxiliary burner comprising an igniter burner connected to a first fuel supply line and one or more secondary fuel supply lines each leading to a burner mouth at a distance downstream the igniter burner.
  • a feed for a flow of an oxygen-containing gas is positioned upstream of the igniter burner.
  • the burner mouths of the secondary fuel supply lines are each suitably surrounded by a conical disk widening in the flow direction. Nozzle openings in the burner mouth are directed to guide the gas flow along the interior side of the conical disk. This results in improved stability of the flames coming from the burner mouths of the secondary fuel supply lines.
  • the flame coming from the auxiliary burner according to EP-A-2 , 085, 696 consists of multiple flames which makes it more difficult to control the flame stability.
  • the present invention aims to provide an improved burner . Accordingly, the present invention relates to a burner comprising
  • the stabilising means comprises a conically shaped body which widens in flow direction.
  • the burner of the present invention has a high heating capacity and is very compact. Furthermore, it has a single fuel supply line and is less complex to
  • the flame stability is very good, whilst at the same time a high throughput of fuel can be achieved.
  • the compactness, high heating capacity, good flame stability and high fuel throughput of the present burner make the burner of the present invention very suitable as an auxiliary burner in the main burner of a partial oxidation reactor.
  • flow direction refers to the flow direction of the gases (i.e. the fuel gas, the oxygen-containing gas and the mixture of fuel gas and oxygen containing gas) in the burner when the burner is in operation.
  • gases i.e. the fuel gas, the oxygen-containing gas and the mixture of fuel gas and oxygen containing gas
  • the stabilising means or stabiliser is disposed in the centre of the burner pipe, along its longitudinal axis.
  • the function of the stabilising means is to ensure a stable and homogeneous flow of the mixture of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas in the zone between the
  • the stabilising means comprises a conically shaped body at the downstream end of the stabilising means, with the conically shaped body widening in flow direction. Given the position of the stabilising means the axis of the conically shaped stabilising body coincides with the longitudinal axis of the burner pipe.
  • axis as used in this
  • connection in relation to the conically shaped stabiliser body refers to the straight line passing through the centre of the circular base and the (virtual) apex of the conically shaped stabiliser body, about which the lateral or outer surface of the conically shaped stabilising body has a rotational symmetry.
  • stabilising means may also comprise one or more
  • cylindrically shaped bodies connected to the upstream end and/or downstream end of the conically shaped body, which cylindrically shaped body or bodies are connected with the conically shaped body in such a way that the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrically shaped part(s) coincide (s) with the axis of the conically shaped part.
  • Any cylindrically shaped part of the stabiliser connected to the downstream end of the conically shaped part will suitably have substantially the same diameter as the circular base of the conically shaped part.
  • stabilising means further comprises a cylindrically shaped body connected to the upstream end of the
  • the downstream circular end of the stabiliser i.e. the base of the conically shaped part or the downstream end of a cylindrical part of the stabiliser can be a closed circular plane or can be open. Accordingly, the conically shaped part and/or any
  • cylindrically shaped part connected therewith at the upstream or downstream end can be massive or hollow.
  • the conically shaped body is a massive body. In another preferred embodiment the
  • conically shaped body is a hollow body.
  • the stabiliser consists of a conical part connected at its upstream end with a cylindrical part, with the conical part and cylindrical part both being hollow with the cylindrical part being closed at its upstream end.
  • the cone angle a is the angle between the axis and the lateral surface of the conically shaped stabiliser body. This cone angle a suitably is within the range of 5 to 45 degrees, preferably between 8 and 30 degrees, more preferably between 10 and 20 degrees.
  • stabiliser and the inner diameter of the burner pipe at this circular base is suitably in the range from 0.35 to 0.95, preferably 0.45 to 0.92 and more preferably 0.50 to 0.90.
  • diameter of the cylindrical part will typically be 40 to 90%, preferably 45 to 85% and more preferably 50 to 80% of the diameter of the circular base of the conically shaped part.
  • stabiliser will depend inter alia on the required duty and the gas velocity of the mixture of the oxygen- containing gas and hydrocarbon fuel gas and it is well within the normal competence of those skilled in the art to select the appropriate ratio for the anticipated circumstances .
  • the absolute dimensions of the burner pipe and stabiliser will, inter alia, depend on the intended use, gas velocities and required duty of the burner and it is well within the normal competence of those skilled in the art to select the appropriate dimensions.
  • the diameter of the circular base of the conically shaped body of the stabiliser may suitably be between 25 and 80 mm, whilst the diameter of the burner pipe at the place where the aforesaid circular base is arranged could suitably be anywhere between 1.1 and 2 times the diameter of the circular base.
  • the burner of the present invention may also comprise one or more resonance-suppressing means, such as baffles, vanes or blades. These resonance-suppressing means will typically be arranged upstream of the conically shaped part of the stabiliser, for example on the cylindrical part connected to the conically shaped part at its upstream end.
  • the burner pipe suitably is a tubular body with a longitudinal axis, for example an open cylinder.
  • the burner mouth i.e. that end of the burner pipe where the flame exits the burner, may have the same diameter as the upstream part of the burner pipe, but could also have a smaller or larger diameter.
  • the burner pipe could also widen in downstream direction starting at the point where the conically shaped part of the stabiliser starts, widening, for example, in parallel with the conically shaped part of the stabiliser.
  • the skilled person will be able to select the optimum shape of the burner pipe depending on, inter alia, intended use, desired gas throughput, gas velocities and required capacity.
  • the materials of which the various components of the burner are made are those normally used for burners and it is well within the normal competence of those skilled in the art to select the appropriate materials depending on the maximum allowable temperatures which can be reached within the burner when in operation.
  • An example of a commonly used material is heat-resistant steel.
  • the burner according to the present inventions is a burner of the pre-mix type. Hence, it comprises mixing means for mixing an oxygen-containing gas and a fuel gas upstream of the stabiliser, where the oxygen-containing gas and the fuel gas are mixed before being led around the stabiliser and ignited.
  • Other types of burners are burners where the fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas are only mixed near the burner opening, where the resulting mixture is subsequently ignited.
  • An example of this type of burner is disclosed in the aforementioned EP-A- 2, 085, 696.
  • the mixing means suitably is a mixing tube having one or more inlets for the supply of fuel gas, one or more inlets for the supply of an oxygen-containing gas and one or more outlets for discharging the mixture of fuel gas and oxidising gas from the mixing tube in the space between the mixing tube and the inner wall of the burner pipe.
  • the mixing tube is suitably arranged such that its longitudinal axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the burner pipe.
  • the mixing tube has a single inlet for fuel gas and multiple inlets for the oxygen-containing gas downstream of the inlet for fuel gas.
  • the fuel gas can, for example, be injected through a nozzle at the upstream end of the mixing tube, whilst the oxygen- containing gas can enter the mixing tube through one or more holes or slits in the mixing tube.
  • the number of holes or slits will to some extent be
  • the mixing tube may comprise from 1 to 10 holes, slits or differently shaped inlets for the oxygen-containing gas. If the fuel gas is blown in at high velocity, it will suck in the oxygen-containing gas and in the resulting turbulence inside the mixing tube both gases are intimately mixed. Alternatively, both oxygen-containing gas and fuel gas are injected into the mixing tube via suitable nozzles and in the resulting turbulence both gases are mixed. Any turbulence within the mixing tube may be enhanced by specific internals such as vanes. The resulting mixture of oxygen-containing gas and fuel gas is then suitably released from the mixing pipe through multiple outlets downstream of the inlets for the oxygen-containing gas.
  • the distance between the inlets for the oxygen-containing gas and the outlets of the mixture of oxygen-contain gas and fuel gas should be sufficiently long to allow effective mixing.
  • the gas mixture flows towards the stabiliser to be ignited, it also acts as a cooling means for the burner and its internal components. Cooling the burner and its components is important to keep the burner in operation. Too high temperatures will lead to deterioration of the components and ultimately to reduced heat capacity and poorer performance.
  • the oxygen-containing gas can for example be ambient air or oxygen-enriched air, i.e., air containing more than 21 vol.% oxygen.
  • the fuel gas to be used is a hydrocarbon-containing, combustible gas, suitably a hydrocarbon-containing gas that can be used as a feed to a partial oxidation
  • feeds such as natural gas, associated gas or a mixture of C 1 - hydrocarbons.
  • feeds such as natural gas, associated gas or a mixture of C 1 - hydrocarbons.
  • the feed comprises mainly, i.e. more than 80 vol.%, especially more than 90 vol.%, C 1 -4 hydrocarbons.
  • natural gas or the effluent of a pre-reforming reactor where natural gas is pre-reformed for a subsequent partial oxidation reaction to form a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is used.
  • the burner comprises igniting means such as a spark plug, a hot wire, or combinations thereof, to ignite the combustible mixture of fuel gas and oxygen- containing gas.
  • the igniting means are suitably built-in within the burner at such location that the combustible gas mixture of oxygen-containing gas and fuel gas ignites towards the burner mouth, so that a stable flame is obtained.
  • the igniting means are one or more -usually not more than four- spark plugs attached to the stabiliser. If the stabiliser comprises an upstream cylindrical part, then the spark plug or spark plugs are suitably disposed on this cylindrical part.
  • the burner is also suitably provided with a flame detection means.
  • flame detection means will be arranged at such position in the burner pipe that it can effectively detect the flame. Typically this will be in, on or downstream of the stabiliser. Flame detection can for example take place by scanning ionization or UV.
  • the flame detection means is an ionisation rod extending in flow direction from the centre of the circular base at the downstream end of stabiliser body.
  • UV detection means such as a flame eye
  • this type of detection means is less heat resistant, it should be located at such
  • UV detection means would be suitably arranged inside the stabiliser in case of a hollow stabiliser.
  • the burner of the present invention may further comprise parts and components which are normally present in burners of this type, such as gaskets, housings, flanges, rims, pipes for the supply of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas, nozzles and the like.
  • the burner according to the invention is particularly useful as a high duty, compact auxiliary burner or heat- up burner for a partial oxidation reactor.
  • the burner can be an integral part of such a main
  • the gasification burner for example, as a retractable part or as a fixed part. If the burner according to the present invention is used as an auxiliary burner and forms an integral part of the main burner, then the oxygen-containing gas for the main burner flows around this auxiliary burner. In this way this flow of oxygen- containing gas also serves as a cooling means for the outer wall of the burner pipe of the auxiliary burner. An additional or alternative way of cooling the burner pipe is by means of a closed-loop burner cooling water system.
  • the burner of the present invention is designed such that the direct contact between the flame and the burner mouth is minimised, to avoid burning of and coke formation on the inside of said burner mouth.
  • Figure 1 - shows the downstream part of a burner
  • a stabiliser (2) consisting of a
  • conically shaped part (3) and a cylindrically shaped part (4) connected to the upstream end of the conically shaped part (3) is disposed in the centre of burner pipe (1) along the longitudinal axis (7) of the burner pipe (1) .
  • the arrows indicate the flow direction of the combustible mixture of oxygen-containing gas and fuel gas, which mixture is obtained by mixing a fuel gas and oxygen- containing gas in mixing means arranged in an upstream section of the burner pipe.
  • the cylindrically shaped part (4) of the stabiliser contains spark plugs (5), whilst an ionisation rod (6) extends from the circular base of stabiliser (2) at its downstream end.
  • the central pipe (8) is used to support the stabiliser (2) and to guide the electric connection to the ionisation rod (6) .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un brûleur comprenant (a) un tuyau de brûleur, (b) un moyen de mélange situé dans le tuyau de brûleur et permettant de mélanger un gaz contenant de l'oxygène et un gaz combustible et d'évacuer le mélange gazeux résultant dans le tuyau de brûleur ; et (c) un moyen de stabilisation en aval du moyen de mélange dans le centre du tuyau de brûleur, le moyen de stabilisation comportant un corps conique qui s'élargit dans la direction de l'écoulement.
EP11791519.9A 2010-12-01 2011-11-30 Brûleur Withdrawn EP2646754A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11791519.9A EP2646754A1 (fr) 2010-12-01 2011-11-30 Brûleur

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10193305 2010-12-01
PCT/EP2011/071355 WO2012072667A1 (fr) 2010-12-01 2011-11-30 Brûleur
EP11791519.9A EP2646754A1 (fr) 2010-12-01 2011-11-30 Brûleur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2646754A1 true EP2646754A1 (fr) 2013-10-09

Family

ID=43829326

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11791519.9A Withdrawn EP2646754A1 (fr) 2010-12-01 2011-11-30 Brûleur

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20130288190A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2646754A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014501904A (fr)
KR (1) KR20140004668A (fr)
CN (1) CN103228990A (fr)
AU (1) AU2011334996A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2013129933A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012072667A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201303650B (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5361586A (en) * 1993-04-15 1994-11-08 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Gas turbine ultra low NOx combustor
AT400188B (de) * 1994-01-10 1995-10-25 Vaillant Gmbh Brenner für erdgas
MY115440A (en) 1994-07-22 2003-06-30 Shell Int Research A process for the manufacture of synthesis gas by partial oxidation of a gaseous hydrocarbon-containing fuel using a multi-orifice (co-annular)burner
DE29511667U1 (de) * 1995-07-19 1996-01-25 Ruhrgas Ag, 45138 Essen Atmosphärischer Gasbrenner
US6443728B1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-03 Alstom (Schweiz) Ag Gas pipe ignitor
EP2085696A1 (fr) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-05 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Brûleur
CN201382929Y (zh) * 2009-03-27 2010-01-13 克拉玛依广陆有限责任公司 氢火焰离子化检测器用点火及火焰检测装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2012072667A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2011334996A1 (en) 2013-06-06
JP2014501904A (ja) 2014-01-23
ZA201303650B (en) 2014-04-30
WO2012072667A1 (fr) 2012-06-07
CN103228990A (zh) 2013-07-31
RU2013129933A (ru) 2015-01-10
KR20140004668A (ko) 2014-01-13
US20130288190A1 (en) 2013-10-31

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