EP2643856A2 - Hybrid solar panel - Google Patents
Hybrid solar panelInfo
- Publication number
- EP2643856A2 EP2643856A2 EP11802491.8A EP11802491A EP2643856A2 EP 2643856 A2 EP2643856 A2 EP 2643856A2 EP 11802491 A EP11802491 A EP 11802491A EP 2643856 A2 EP2643856 A2 EP 2643856A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- photovoltaic elements
- plate
- solar panel
- rear face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyacethylene Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
- H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a hybrid solar panel.
- the invention also relates to a method for cooling the photovoltaic elements of a hybrid solar panel and a method of manufacturing such a solar panel.
- Photovoltaic solar panels make it possible to produce electrical energy from solar radiation. They comprise a plurality of photovoltaic elements (typically cells or thin layers) which operate according to the principle of the photoelectric effect. Generally, several photovoltaic elements are connected in-between on a photovoltaic solar panel, and several panels are grouped together to form a solar installation. This facility produces electricity that can be consumed on site or fed into a distribution network. Photovoltaic solar panels convert only a small part of solar radiation into electricity (today less than 20%), the rest being unused heat. This heat is unfavorable to the electrical performance of solar panels since we can see a decrease in the efficiency of photovoltaic elements with the temperature of about -0.45% / ° C. This is why it is doubly interesting to cool photovoltaic solar panels. Indeed, not only the efficiency of photovoltaic elements increases, but the calories of cooling can be used in more or less complex heating systems. We are talking about hybrid solar panels capable of producing electrical energy and thermal energy.
- a heat exchanger is arranged vis-à-vis the rear face of the photovoltaic elements so as to cool them.
- the following patent documents describe a number of heat exchangers for solar panels: FR 2.319.585 (LIEBARD); FR 2,566,183 (LUCCIONI); FR 2,727,790 (CYTHELIA); US 4,361,717 (GILMORE); US 4,184,543 (KLEINE); US 7,076,965 (LASICH); DE 197,47,325 (SCHRENK) or DE 10.2004.002.900 (MASCHKE).
- Patent FR 2.91.1997 discloses a hybrid solar panel in which the heat exchanger comprises a bottom plate disposed beneath the photovoltaic elements and on which a cooling fluid flows, with a cooling system. 'flow laminar. Elements for disrupting the flow of the cooling fluid are arranged on the bottom plate so as to promote heat exchange.
- the disturbance elements may be flow-oriented ribs, cylindrical or spherical obstacles allowing the creation of three-dimensional Von Karman vortices, fins whose height is less than the thickness of the flow to create vortices of blade edges, or paddle wheels introduced into the fluid plate perpendicularly to the flow.
- the main objective of the invention is to simplify the design of exchangers for hybrid solar panels, so that they can be manufactured industrially, more quickly and at lower costs.
- the invention includes: a uniformity of the temperature at the photovoltaic elements, an extraction optimize calories, robustness of the solar panel while limiting its weight.
- the solution proposed by the invention is a hybrid solar panel comprising:
- photovoltaic elements comprising a front face and a rear face, a heat exchanger disposed opposite the rear face of said photovoltaic elements,
- said exchanger comprising a heat exchange zone disposed under said photovoltaic elements and in which said fluid flows, said exchange zone having elements making it possible to disturb the flow of said fluid so as to promote heat exchanges in the zone; exchange.
- the lower plate is shaped so as to form integrated disturbance elements extending over the entire thickness of the blade of said cooling fluid flowing in the exchange zone.
- an upper exchange plate advantageously based on aluminum, is fixed on the rear face of the photovoltaic elements, the upper end of the perturbation elements being in contact with the said upper plate so that the temperature of the latter is homogeneous without cold or hot spots.
- the thermal contact between the disturbance elements and the rear face of the photovoltaic elements ensures efficient transmission of heat to the lower plate which is not possible with the panel described in the patent document FR 2.91 1.997 cited above.
- the lower plate can therefore efficiently extract calories from the photovoltaic elements which are then discharged by the cooling fluid. The latter thus recovers the calories not only at the rear face of the photovoltaic elements, but also at the level of the lower plate.
- the disturbance elements preferentially form bumps at the upper face of the lower plate on which the cooling fluid flows and form recesses at the lower face of said plate that is not in contact with said fluid. and which is opposed to said upper face.
- the lower plate is advantageously metallic and stamped to form the disturbance elements.
- the heat exchanger is a single piece, the bottom plate being shaped so as to constitute not only the exchange zone, but also a zone of arrival and a discharge zone of the cooling fluid.
- the lower plate may be shaped so as to constitute not only the exchange zone of the heat exchanger, but also all or part of the support on which the photovoltaic elements rest.
- the heat exchanger preferably comprises cooling fluid circulation channels disposed on either side of the exchange zone, said channels having pressure drops ensuring a homogeneous distribution of said fluid in said exchange zone.
- the bottom plate may be shaped to form these distribution channels.
- the depth of the circulation channels is preferably greater than the blade thickness of said fluid flowing in said exchange zone. More generally, the pressure losses generated in the traffic channels are negligible compared to those induced in the exchange zone.
- the rear face of the exchanger may be devoid of any means of thermal insulation.
- a thin and long junction box is disposed on the rear face of said panel, preferably against a rear edge of said panel, and more generally without being vis-à-vis the rear face a photovoltaic element.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for cooling the photovoltaic elements of a hybrid solar panel, comprising:
- Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a hybrid solar panel in which a heat exchanger is disposed under the photovoltaic elements of said panel, said method comprising:
- a lower metal plate is used which is stamped so as to form the disturbance elements.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a hybrid solar panel according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the detail D1 of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a hybrid solar panel according to the invention, in a variant embodiment,
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the detail D2 of FIG. 3,
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view along A-A of the panel of FIG. 1, the disturbance elements being arranged in a linear manner,
- FIG. 6 represents the panel of FIG. 5 in an alternative embodiment, the disturbing elements being arranged in staggered rows
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a lower exchange plate according to the invention
- FIG. 8 is a view from above of a solar panel equipped with an EDGE junction box
- FIG. 9 is a view from below of the solar panel of FIG. 6,
- the solar panel object of the invention is a hybrid panel, that is to say it is capable of producing electrical energy and thermal energy. It is intended to be used alone or in combination with other similar panels, so that the electrical and thermal energy it produces are exploitable by a dwelling or installation.
- the solar panel P incorporates photovoltaic elements 1 having a front face and a rear face.
- the front face is left free so that it can receive solar radiation.
- the rear face is vis-à-vis a heat exchanger E.
- the solar panel P comprises a plurality of photovoltaic elements 1 connected in series or in parallel. These can contain photovoltaic cells, thin photovoltaic layers, etc.
- the types of photovoltaic elements that can be used are well known to those skilled in the art, they will not be detailed here with more precision.
- the photovoltaic elements 1 are based on the exchanger E which serves as a support. They can be fixed directly on the latter, or be first fixed to a rigid frame which can itself be attached to said exchanger. If there is a frame, it is not necessary that the exchanger is fixed to this frame, in fact, it is sufficient that it is arranged under the photovoltaic elements, without providing a support function. In all cases, the exchanger E is located under the photovoltaic elements 1 so as not to hinder the solar radiation.
- a cooling fluid which is typically brine, circulates in the exchanger E to recover the calories from the photovoltaic elements 1.
- a sealed electrical insulator 10 makes interface with the rear face of said elements.
- This insulator 10 may consist of a sheet (better known as "backsheet”) pre-bonded to the photovoltaic elements 1, or an electrical insulating adhesive (for example of the silicone gel type).
- backsheet a sheet pre-bonded to the photovoltaic elements 1
- an electrical insulating adhesive for example of the silicone gel type.
- the "rear face" of the photovoltaic elements is understood as being electrically insulated by the sealed electrical insulator 10 and / or by the upper plate 13 described below. The rear face of the photovoltaic elements 1 is thus electrically isolated.
- the exchanger E comprises three main zones: a cooling fluid arrival zone ZA, a heat exchange zone ZE and a discharge zone ZV of said fluid.
- the photovoltaic elements 1 are preferably grouped above the exchange zone ZE but may be distributed over the ZA arrival and ZV discharge zones.
- the exchange zone ZE has for example an area of between 0.5 m 2 and 4 m 2 .
- the exchanger E is preferably a one-piece piece, obtained by stamping a metal plate, by molding or otherwise.
- the configuration of this one-piece piece delimits not only the exchange zone ZE but also the ZA arrival and ZV discharge zones.
- the arrival zone ZA and the evacuation zone ZV are formed by circulation channels 11, 12 disposed on either side of the exchange zone ZE.
- These channels January 1, 12 have the shape of gutters communicating, by their longitudinal edges, with the exchange zone ZE. They are parallel to each other and are oriented perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid in the exchange zone ZE.
- the inlet e and the outlet s of the fluid in the exchanger E are diagonally opposite in priority but may be arranged symmetrically at the same level.
- the inlet e and outlet s can be located in the bottom of the circulation channels 1 1, 12 or be made on the side walls of the latter.
- the channels 1 1, 12 may have a rectangular section, square, trapezoidal, round or other, and have negligible pressure losses compared to the pressure losses of the exchange zone ZE.
- the depth of the circulation channels January 1, 12 is greater than the blade thickness of the fluid flowing in the exchange zone ZE.
- This virtual absence of pressure drops on the sides of the exchanger E plays a role of distributor. Indeed, the fluid first fills the inlet channel 1 1 completely before spreading homogeneously in the exchange zone ZE. The fluid leaves the latter and flows into the outlet channel 12, without finding any obstacle. This avoids the appearance of privileged paths for the cooling fluid, and eliminates the hot spots under the photovoltaic elements 1.
- the heat exchange zone ZE is formed by a lower exchange plate 2 disposed beneath the photovoltaic elements 1 and on which the cooling fluid flows.
- the bottom plate 2 is shaped to form disturbance elements 20.
- the plate 2 therefore incorporates, from its manufacture, these disturbance elements 20 which are made of the same material as said plate. These have a dual function: disturbing the flow of the cooling fluid so as to promote heat exchange in the exchange zone ZE,
- the disturbance elements 20 may be in the form of ribs, nipples, half-sphere, cylindrical or polygonal tubes, pyramids, etc.
- the number of disturbance elements 20 may vary from about ten to several hundred.
- 300 disturbance elements per m 2 can be provided . They can be distributed regularly, and more precisely linearly, forming parallel flow paths, as shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the flow of the cooling fluid is generally parallel, but locally disturbed at the elements 20.
- the disturbance elements 20 may be distributed irregularly, and in particular staggered. In this case, the flow of the cooling fluid is disturbed without necessarily being parallel.
- the disturbance elements 20 extend over the entire thickness of the fluid slide flowing in the exchange zone ZE.
- the height "h" of the perturbation elements 20 corresponds to the thickness of the fluid slab flowing in the exchange zone ZE. There is therefore no fluid slab that can pass over the disturbance elements 20.
- the thickness of the fluid slab in the exchange zone ZE (and the height "h" of the elements disturbance 20) is a few millimeters.
- a metal plate 2 is used which is stamped to form the perturbation elements 20.
- the disturbance elements 20 form bumps at the upper surface of the plate. the plate 2 on which flows the cooling fluid and form recesses at the lower face of said plate which is not in contact with said fluid and which is opposite said upper face. These hollows increase the heat exchange surface between the plate 2 and the air circulating under the exchange zone ZE.
- the upper end of the disturbance elements 20 is directly in contact with the rear face of the photovoltaic elements 1.
- the upper end of the disturbance elements 20 is for example glued to the 10.
- the photovoltaic elements 1 are therefore mainly cooled at these points of contact.
- the upper end of the disturbance elements 20 is shaped so as to ensure a surface contact with the rear face of the photovoltaic elements 1.
- This contact surface is advantageously between 1 mm 2 and 10 cm 2 , preferably around 3 mm 2 , preferentially still about 4.5 mm 2 .
- This surface contact between the upper end of the disturbance elements and the rear face of the photovoltaic elements 1, ensures efficient transmission of heat to the lower plate 2.
- the cooling fluid thus recovers the heat not only at the rear face photovoltaic elements 1, but also at the level of the lower plate 2, which considerably increases the heat exchange and optimizes the cooling of said photovoltaic elements.
- an upper exchange plate 13 is fixed on the rear face of the photovoltaic elements 1.
- an upper plate 13 made of aluminum or alloys is preferred. aluminum.
- Other heat conducting materials of the type previously described and suitable for those skilled in the art can however be used.
- the upper end of the disturbance elements 20 is shaped so as to ensure a surface contact with this upper plate 13.
- This contact surface is advantageously between 1 mm 2 and 10 cm 2 , preferably about 3 mm 2 , preferentially about 4 , 5 mm 2 .
- the upper plate 13 is for example glued or welded to the ends of the disturbance elements 20 and / or on the edges of the exchanger E.
- the plate 13 may for example be glued under an insulating sheet pre-glued to the rear face of the photovoltaic elements 1.
- the plate 13 can also be fixed on the face back of the photovoltaic elements 1 using an electrical insulating adhesive (eg silicone gel). It is still possible to coat the plate 13 with an insulating film and to make a gap between said plate and a plate of glass / plastic stiffener, the photovoltaic elements being arranged between said two plates.
- the plate 13 is found pressed to the glass / plastic plate by vacuum suction, the photovoltaic elements being sandwiched. In any case, whatever the fastening technique used, the plate 13 provides a sealing function to the cooling fluid.
- the bottom plate 2 tends to be cooler than the top plate 13, since the disturbance elements 20 allow it to be cooled well.
- the upper end of the disturbing elements 20 ensures good thermal contact with the upper plate 13.
- This surface contact between the upper end of the disturbance elements 20 and the upper plate 13 ensures efficient transmission of heat towards the plate Lower 2.
- the cooling fluid thus recovers the heat not only at the level of the upper plate 13, but also at the bottom plate 2, which considerably increases the heat exchange and optimizes the cooling of said photovoltaic elements. Due to its good thermal conductivity, the temperature of the upper plate 13 is homogenized rapidly, said plate cooling completely, without keeping cold or hot points (whereas in the example of Figures 1 and 2, cooling occurred locally at the upper ends of the disturbance elements 20).
- the main advantage of obtaining a uniform temperature on the upper plate 13 is that the photovoltaic elements 1 will be cooled homogeneously, so without hot spot.
- the efficiency of the panel is increased, being reminded that the photovoltaic elements 1 fix their electric production on the weakest element, that is to say the hottest.
- the plate 2 is shaped so that it directly integrates the disturbance elements 20.
- the plate 2 can also be shaped so as to constitute all or part of the support on which the photovoltaic elements 1 rest. Its size and weight being thus reduced, the heat exchanger E remains no less structuring for the panel than the exchangers known from the prior art.
- the plate 2 may also be shaped to form the distribution channels 1 1, 12 ( Figure 7).
- the exchanger E is monobloc, formed in one piece defining the arrival zone ZA of the cooling fluid, the heat exchange zone ZE with integrated disturbance elements and the evacuation zone ZV of said fluid .
- FIGS. 10a to 10c show schematically the different manufacturing steps of a monobloc exchanger integrating not only the perturbation elements but also the lateral circulation channels.
- the illustrated technique is stamping (or stamping).
- a metal plate 2 is disposed facing a die 201 and a punch 202 ( Figure 10a).
- the matrix 201 and the punch 202 have complementary impressions whose geometry corresponds to the part to be produced.
- the punch 202 will deform the plate 2 to conform to the desired geometry ( Figure 10b). It is then sufficient to separate the punch 202 from the matrix 201 so as to obtain the exchanger E.
- the manufacturing process is very simple and very fast, this type of exchanger can be easily industrialized.
- Photovoltaic solar panels usually use junction boxes to house the bypass diodes. These boxes are generally rectangular in shape and are attached to the back of the panel. Given the size of these boxes, the hybrid panels must circumvent their geometry, said boxes by providing a housing in the exchanger. At this junction box housing, the heat exchange is disturbed or even decreased, so that the photovoltaic elements located just above are not optimally cooled. This affects the performance of the panel as it is always on the hottest photovoltaic element, so the lower, that aligns the entire panel.
- junction boxes for example type TYCO® decentralized enclosures or EDGE boxes.
- the housing used has a length of about 130 mm, a width of about 12 mm and a height of about 12 mm.
- this junction box 4 is disposed on the rear face of the panel P, preferably against a rear edge of said panel, and more generally without being vis-à-vis the rear face of a photovoltaic element 1
- the fineness of such a housing makes it possible to be entirely "above" the first row of photovoltaic elements 1, the latter being thus all cooled homogeneously.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16150504.5A EP3032736B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Method for manufacturing a hybrid solar panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1059597A FR2967817B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2010-11-22 | HYBRID SOLAR PANEL. |
PCT/FR2011/052718 WO2012069750A2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Hybrid solar panel |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16150504.5A Division-Into EP3032736B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Method for manufacturing a hybrid solar panel |
EP16150504.5A Division EP3032736B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Method for manufacturing a hybrid solar panel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2643856A2 true EP2643856A2 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
EP2643856B1 EP2643856B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
Family
ID=44146972
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11802491.8A Active EP2643856B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Hybrid solar panel |
EP16150504.5A Active EP3032736B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Method for manufacturing a hybrid solar panel |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16150504.5A Active EP3032736B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-21 | Method for manufacturing a hybrid solar panel |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9236515B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2643856B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP5960711B2 (en) |
CN (2) | CN105490640A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2967817B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012069750A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SK6432Y1 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2013-05-03 | Michal Masaryk | Cooling method of photovoltaic panel and system for carrying out this method |
WO2013183002A2 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-12 | Michal Masaryk | System and method of cooling of photovoltaic panel and method of installation of system |
US9793429B2 (en) | 2013-12-01 | 2017-10-17 | Alfred Hyamo Bedell | Photovoltaic intensification system using solar tracking concentrators and heat exchangers |
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- 2011-11-21 US US13/988,758 patent/US9236515B2/en active Active
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- 2011-11-21 CN CN201510977451.5A patent/CN105490640A/en active Pending
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- 2011-11-21 EP EP16150504.5A patent/EP3032736B1/en active Active
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JP2014501900A (en) | 2014-01-23 |
CN103262262A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
CN105490640A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
US20140007919A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
US20160079460A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
CN103262262B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
FR2967817A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
WO2012069750A2 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
JP2016186418A (en) | 2016-10-27 |
FR2967817B1 (en) | 2013-08-16 |
EP3032736A1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
US9236515B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
JP5960711B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
WO2012069750A3 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
EP3032736B1 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
JP6274677B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
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