WO2016072393A1 - Photovoltaic thermal hybrid panel and photovoltaic thermal hybrid system - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the invention is to suppress weight increases of a photovoltaic thermal hybrid panel and to improve the thermal collection efficiency of the photovoltaic thermal hybrid panel. Hollow raised structures (50) are arranged in a staggered manner on the side near a solar cell module in a refrigerant tube (40).

Description

Photothermal hybrid panel and photothermal hybrid system

The present invention relates to a heat collecting plate that absorbs thermal energy from a solar cell module, and a photothermal hybrid panel and a photothermal hybrid system including the solar cell module and the heat collecting plate.

In recent years, interest in using natural energy (renewable energy) more efficiently has increased. Therefore, the demand is increasing not only for converting the energy of sunlight into electric power but also for converting the energy of sunlight into heat energy.

Therefore, a device (generally a photothermal hybrid panel) in which a solar cell module that generates electric energy based on sunlight and a heat collecting plate (heat collecting panel) that generates thermal energy based on sunlight are integrated. Has been developed). Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe examples of photothermal hybrid panels.

In the photothermal hybrid panel, the heat collecting plate absorbs heat energy from the solar cell module in which the heat energy is accumulated (that is, the temperature is increased) by receiving sunlight. The thermal energy absorbed by the heat collecting plate moves to the refrigerant pipe arranged with respect to the heat collecting panel. The refrigerant that has obtained thermal energy is transported to a device or system that uses the thermal energy.

This allows effective use of thermal energy based on sunlight. In addition, the thermal energy is absorbed from the solar cell module into the heat collecting plate, thereby suppressing the temperature of the solar cell module from rising. Thereby, a decrease in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell (−0.4% / ° C .: in the case of a crystalline silicon solar battery cell) is reduced.

In the photothermal hybrid panel, part of the energy of sunlight is absorbed by the solar cell module. Therefore, in general, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collecting plate is solar heat collection that absorbs heat energy directly from sunlight. Lower than the heat collection efficiency of the vessel.

Japanese Patent Publication “JP 11-103087 A (published on April 13, 1999)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-62017 (published March 6, 1998)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-100931 (May 23, 2013)”

Therefore, when trying to further improve the heat collection efficiency of the conventional photothermal hybrid panel, it is conceivable to provide a raised structure outside the refrigerant pipe as shown in FIGS. 27 (a) and (b). FIGS. 27A and 27B show the configurations of the photothermal hybrid panels 99A and 99B including the fin structures 992A and 992B. Fin structures 992A and 992B arranged outside the refrigerant pipes 991A and 991B absorb the thermal energy of the atmosphere. The thermal energy absorbed by the fin structures 992A and 992B moves to each refrigerant in the refrigerant tubes 991A and 991B. Thereby, the heat collection efficiency of the photothermal hybrid panels 99A and 99B can be improved.

In order to absorb large heat energy from air having a small specific heat, it is better to enlarge the fin structures 992A and 992B. However, when the fin structures 992A and 992B are made large (for example, on the order of cm (centimeter)), the photothermal hybrid panels 99A and 99B become too heavy, and various problems may occur. For example, when heavy photothermal hybrid panels 99A and 99B are installed on the roof of a house, a heavy burden is imposed on the roof and the entire house.

Also, the fin structures 992A and 992B absorb the thermal energy from the atmosphere, and release the thermal energy accumulated in the solar cell module to the atmosphere. In particular, in the winter, the fin structures 992A and 992B release a very large amount of thermal energy from the solar cell module to the atmosphere, so that the heat collecting panel sufficiently releases the thermal energy based on sunlight from the solar cell module. It cannot be absorbed. Therefore, the heat collection efficiency of the photothermal hybrid panels 99A and 99B may be reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to improve the heat collection efficiency of the photothermal hybrid panel while suppressing an increase in the weight of the photothermal hybrid panel.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a photothermal hybrid panel according to one aspect of the present invention includes a solar cell module, a heat collecting plate, and a refrigerant tube from a light receiving surface side of the solar cell module toward a back surface on the opposite side. However, in this photothermal hybrid panel having a structure arranged in this order, a plurality of raised structures protruding from the solar cell module side to the inside of the refrigerant tube are arranged on the inner surface of the refrigerant tube, The plurality of raised structures (i) are arranged in a plurality of rows in the direction in which the refrigerant pipe extends, and (ii) are alternately arranged with the plurality of raised structures included in adjacent rows.

According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve the heat collection efficiency of the photothermal hybrid panel while suppressing an increase in the weight of the photothermal hybrid panel.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the refrigerant pipe with which the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 1 was equipped, and the protruding structure. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the refrigerant | coolant pipe | tube arrange | positioned on the heat collecting panel with which the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 1 was equipped. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the volume of the protruding structure with which the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 1 was equipped, and the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel with which this photothermal hybrid panel was equipped. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the solar-heat utilization system connected with the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the other solar-heat utilization system connected with the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the refrigerant pipe which concerns on Embodiment 2, and a protruding structure. (A)-(c) is the schematic which shows the structure of the protruding structure which concerns on the modification of Embodiment 2, respectively. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the refrigerant pipe which concerns on Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure of a solar cell module according to Embodiment 4. FIG. (A) is the schematic which shows the structure of the solar cell module which concerns on Embodiment 4 seen from the direction which sunlight injects, (b) is the outline which shows the structure of the convex part with which the said solar cell module was equipped. FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the width | variety of the convex part with which the solar cell module which concerns on Embodiment 4 was equipped, and the number of the convex parts arrange | positioned at the glass layer with which the said solar cell module was equipped. (A) is a graph which shows the relationship between the area which a convex part occupies in the glass layer with which the solar cell module which concerns on Embodiment 4 was equipped, and the thermal radiation amount of the said solar cell module, (b) is the said It is a graph which shows the relationship between the area which a convex part occupies in the glass layer with which the solar cell module was provided, and the absorbed amount of sunlight by the said solar cell module. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a solar cell module according to Embodiment 5. FIG. (A) is the schematic which shows the solar cell module which concerns on Embodiment 5 seen from the direction which sunlight injects, (b) is the schematic which shows the structure of the recessed part formed in the said solar cell module. is there. (A)-(c) is the schematic which shows the structure of the recessed part which concerns on the modification of Embodiment 5, respectively. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the refrigerant pipe arrange | positioned on the heat collection panel which concerns on Embodiment 6. FIG. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a solar cell module according to Embodiment 7. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a photoelectric conversion module array according to a seventh embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the solar energy power generation system which concerns on Embodiment 7. FIG. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a solar power generation system according to a modification of the seventh embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the solar energy power generation system which concerns on Embodiment 8. FIG. FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a solar power generation system according to a modification of the eighth embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 9. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the other photothermal hybrid panel which concerns on Embodiment 9. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the photothermal hybrid system which concerns on Embodiment 10. FIG. (A) And (b) is a figure which respectively shows the structure of the virtual photothermal hybrid panel provided with the fin structure outside the refrigerant pipe. It is a figure which shows the structure of the conventional refrigerant pipe.

[Embodiment 1]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

(Configuration of photothermal hybrid panel 1)
The configuration of the photothermal hybrid panel 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the photothermal hybrid panel 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the photothermal hybrid panel 1 includes a solar cell module 10 and a heat collection panel 30 (heat collection plate). The solar cell module 10 and the heat collecting panel 30 are fixed by the frame 20. The heat collection panel 30 is arranged in a form capable of conducting heat from the solar cell module 10 at a position facing the back surface (surface opposite to the light receiving surface) of the solar cell module 10. The heat collection panel 30 includes a refrigerant pipe 40 on the surface opposite to the surface facing the solar cell module 10.

The solar cell module 10 absorbs sunlight incident on the light receiving surface and converts light energy of the absorbed sunlight into electric power. The electric power generated by the solar cell module 10 is output from the terminal 31 to the solar power generation system 2000 (see FIGS. 20 and 21). The solar cell module 10 includes a solar cell panel, glass, sealing resin (upper side and lower side), and EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate).

A part of the energy of sunlight incident on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10 is converted into thermal energy and accumulated in the solar cell module 10. The heat collection panel 30 absorbs (takes out) the thermal energy accumulated in the solar cell module 10. The heat collection panel 30 includes a heat conduction plate, and transmits the thermal energy absorbed from the solar cell module 10 to the refrigerant tube 40.

The thermal energy absorbed by the heat collecting panel 30 from the solar cell module 10 moves to the refrigerant (water or antifreeze liquid) flowing through the refrigerant pipe 40. The refrigerant passes through the refrigerant pipe 40 and is transported to the solar heat utilization systems 100 and 200 (see FIGS. 5 and 6). The solar heat utilization systems 100 and 200 will be described at the end of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the refrigerant pipe 40 provided in the heat collecting panel 30. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of linearly extending refrigerant tubes 40 are arranged on the heat collection panel 30. The refrigerant tube 40 has a hollow cylindrical shape having a semicircular cross section. A refrigerant flows in the refrigerant pipe 40. In each refrigerant pipe 40, a plurality of raised structures 50 (raised structures) are formed.

In the refrigerant pipe 40, the raised structure 50 is raised from the solar cell module 10 side toward the inside of the refrigerant pipe 40. The raised structure 50 increases the heat transfer coefficient between the refrigerant pipe 40 and the refrigerant (easy transfer of thermal energy from the refrigerant pipe 40 to the refrigerant) by increasing the surface area where the refrigerant pipe 40 and the refrigerant are in contact with each other. . As a result, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 is improved. Hereinafter, details of the refrigerant pipe 40 and the raised structure 50 will be described.

(Details of refrigerant pipe 40 and raised structure 50)
The details of the refrigerant pipe 40 and the raised structure 50 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the refrigerant pipe 40 and the raised structure 50. As shown in FIG. 1, the cross section of the refrigerant tube 40 has a width L = 8.0 mm and a height h = 4.0 mm. A raised structure 50 is disposed inside the flat surface of the refrigerant pipe 40. The refrigerant pipe 40 is in contact with the heat collecting panel 30 outside the flat surface (see FIG. 3). The periphery of the refrigerant pipe 40 may be covered with a heat insulating material.

The raised structure 50 can be formed by press-molding a steel material on the flat surface of the refrigerant tube 40 using a mold. The raised structure 50 thus formed is hollow. By using a copper plate or an aluminum plate having good thermal conductivity as the steel material, a thermal conductive plate provided with the raised structure 50 can be easily produced. In addition, since the raised structure 50 is formed by press-molding a steel material, the weight of the steel material does not change at all even if a plurality of raised structures 50 are provided. Therefore, the heat collecting panel 30 excellent in heat collecting property while suppressing an increase in weight can be produced. After the raised structure 50 is formed on the flat surface of the refrigerant tube 40, the refrigerant tube 40 is completed by adhering a circular tube member cut in half (along the longitudinal direction) to the flat surface.

As shown in FIG. 1, the raised structure 50 has a shape of a hollow partial cylinder (for example, a hollow semi-cylinder) obtained by cutting the hollow cylinder along the central axis. The raised structure 50 absorbs heat energy from the heat collection panel 30 (this heat energy is a part of heat energy absorbed from the solar cell module 10 by the heat collection panel 30) via the refrigerant tube 40. Then, the thermal energy absorbed by the raised structure 50 moves to the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe 40.

Here, the specific heat of the refrigerant is generally higher than that of air. Therefore, even if the raised structure 50 is small, heat energy can be efficiently transferred to the refrigerant. The specific size of the raised structure 50 is a width d = 3.0 mm, a length lf = 10.0 mm, and a height t = 2.0 mm. Thus, since the size of the raised structure 50 is on the order of mm (millimeters), the raised structure 50 can be made relatively lightweight (even if it has a non-hollow shape).

As shown in FIG. 1, the raised structures 50 are arranged in two rows in the x direction (that is, the direction in which the refrigerant mainly flows) in which the refrigerant pipe 40 extends. The interval between the two rows is s = 2.0 mm. In the x direction, the raised structures 50 belonging to different rows are arranged alternately. In other words, the raised structures 50 are arranged in a staggered manner in the refrigerant pipe 40. The refrigerant flows through the refrigerant pipe 40 while interacting with the two rows of raised structures 50 (that is, while colliding with the raised structures 50). Further, the plurality of raised structures 50 increase the area where the refrigerant contacts the flat surface of the refrigerant pipe 40. Therefore, thermal energy moves from the refrigerant tube 40 to the refrigerant more efficiently than the refrigerant tube 40 in which the raised structure 50 is not provided.

When the raised structure 50 has a specific size, a turbulent refrigerant flow occurs in the refrigerant pipe 40. In this case, since the heat transfer coefficient between the raised structure 50 (and the refrigerant pipe 40) and the refrigerant is increased, larger thermal energy is transferred from the raised structure 50 to the refrigerant. Thereby, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 improves.

(Desirable size of the raised structure 50)
As described above, when the raised structure 50 has a specific size, turbulent flow is generated in the refrigerant pipe 40, and the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 is increased. Here, what size the raised structure 50 specifically has will be described as to whether the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 is high.

Generally, the stronger the interaction between the raised structure 50 and the refrigerant, the higher the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30. Therefore, from the viewpoint of increasing the interaction between the raised structure 50 and the refrigerant, it is desirable that the width d, the length lf, and the height t of the raised structure 50 satisfy the following conditions, respectively.
L / 3 ≦ d ≦ L / 2 (particularly d = 0.375L)
3d ≦ lf ≦ 10d
h / 3 ≦ t ≦ h / 2 (especially t = h / 2)
When the width d is less than L / 3, the raised structure 50 becomes too small, so that the interaction between the raised structure 50 and the refrigerant becomes too small. On the other hand, when the width d exceeds L / 2, the raised structures 50 belonging to different columns overlap when viewed in the x-axis direction, so that the interaction between the raised structure 50 and the refrigerant is also reduced. Too much.

Further, when viewed from a direction parallel to the flat surface of the refrigerant pipe 40 and perpendicular to the x-axis direction, the position of the raised structure 50 included in one row and the raised structure 50 included in the other row When the overlapping length with the position is larger than 0 (particularly, lf / 2 or more), the interaction between the raised structure 50 and the refrigerant becomes too small. Further, when viewed from a direction parallel to the flat surface of the refrigerant pipe 40 and perpendicular to the x-axis direction, the position of the raised structure 50 included in one row and the raised structure 50 included in the other row Even when the positions are separated from each other, the interaction between the raised structure 50 and the refrigerant becomes too small.

Therefore, it is desirable that the length p of one pitch of the raised structure 50 (see FIG. 1; the interval between the raised structures 50 adjacent in the x direction) satisfies the condition of p = 2lf. When this condition is satisfied, the raised structure 50 maintains a state in which it does not overlap with the adjacent raised structure 50 belonging to different rows when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the x-axis direction, as shown in FIG. However, the length lf can be maximized.

It should be noted that the length lf of the raised structure 50 is particularly preferably 3d. The reason will be described below.

The volume V1 of the refrigerant tube 40 per length p is 2 × V1 = L / 2 × h × π × p. The volume V2 of one raised structure 50 is 2 × V2 = d / 2 × t × π × lf × 2. Therefore, the ratio f between the volume V1 of the refrigerant tube 40 per length p and the volume V2 of one raised structure 50 is f = V2 / V1 = (d · t) / (L · h). Here, p = 2lf.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio f and the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30. FIG. 4 shows a graph when the length lf of the raised structure 50 is 3d and a graph when the length lf is 5d. Both graphs were obtained by performing numerical simulations based on a combination of common heat transfer engineering equations. Here, since the ratio f changes and the contact area between the refrigerant pipe 40 and the raised structure 50 and the fluid (refrigerant) also changes, the ratio f and the heat collection efficiency are considered to have a proportional relationship.

According to the formula of heat transfer engineering, when the conditions of L / 3 ≦ d ≦ 3 / 8L and h / 3 ≦ t ≦ h / 2 are satisfied, the heat collection efficiency is expressed as 5.59f + 0.38, and 3 / 8L When the condition of ≦ d ≦ L / 2 and t = h / 2 is satisfied, the heat collection efficiency is expressed as −7.2f + 2.8. As shown in FIG. 4, when 0.111 ≦ f ≦ 025, the heat collection efficiency is 1.0 or more regardless of whether the value of the length lf is 3d or 5d. Here, the heat collection efficiency of the configuration without the raised structure 50 is 1.0. In addition, when the value of the length lf of the raised structure 50 is 10d, the heat collection efficiency is approximately 1.0 regardless of the ratio f.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the value of the length lf is 3d, the maximum value of the heat collection efficiency is 1.45. Further, when the value of the length lf is 5d, the maximum value of the heat collection efficiency is 1.2. The value of the ratio f (that is, the optimum condition) at which the heat collection efficiency becomes the maximum value is 0.1875 regardless of whether the value of the length lf is 3d or 5d. Further, within the range of 0.111 ≦ f ≦ 025, the heat collection efficiency when the value of the length lf is 3d is larger than the heat collection efficiency when the value of the length lf is 5d. Therefore, the value of the length lf of the raised structure 50 is desirably 3d.

(Contrast between the raised structure 50 and the conventional raised structure)
The uneven structure formed in the heat collection tube described in Patent Document 3 is uniformly formed in the direction in which the heat collection tube extends.

On the other hand, the raised structures 50 arranged in the refrigerant pipe 40 are arranged in a discrete manner discretely at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the refrigerant pipe 40 extends. Moreover, the inside of the raised structure 50 is a cavity. Therefore, the raised structure 50 is lighter than the uneven structure. In this respect, the raised structure 50 disposed in the refrigerant tube 40 is different from the uneven structure formed in the heat collecting tube described in Patent Document 3.

Non-Patent Document 2 describes a refrigerant pipe 98 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 28, a plate-like raised structure 982 is disposed on the inner surface of the refrigerant tube 98. The raised structures 982 are alternately arranged on the solar cell module side and on the opposite side of the solar cell module. The raised structure 982 arranged on the side opposite to the solar cell module acquires less heat energy from the solar cell module than the raised structure 982 arranged on the solar cell module side. Therefore, the amount of heat energy that the former raised structure 982 can transfer to the refrigerant is small.

On the other hand, in the refrigerant pipe 40, all the raised structures 50 are arranged on the solar cell module 10 side. Therefore, all the raised structures 50 can efficiently transfer heat energy to the refrigerant.

(Configuration of solar heat utilization system 100, 200)
The configuration of the solar heat utilization systems 100 and 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIGS. 5 and 6 are block diagrams showing configurations of solar heat utilization systems 100 and 200 connected to the photothermal hybrid panel 1 through a refrigerant transport path. The solar heat utilization systems 100 and 200 can generate hot water to be supplied to a hot water heating facility, a hot water supply facility, and the like, using thermal energy accumulated in the refrigerant.

As shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant is transported from the heat collecting panel 30 provided in the photothermal hybrid panel 1 to the heat pump 101 provided in the solar heat utilization system 100 through a refrigerant (coolant; antifreeze) transport path. Then, the heat energy accumulated in the refrigerant is transferred to the brine (antifreeze) stored in the brine tank 102 by the heat pump 101.

The heat pump 101 can transfer thermal energy from the refrigerant to the brine regardless of whether the temperature of the refrigerant is higher or lower than the temperature of the brine. Therefore, even when the environment around the photothermal hybrid panel 1 is cloudy or raining, or even when the temperature of the outside air is low (below the freezing point), the heat pump 101 has the necessary temperature and amount. Thermal energy can be transferred from the refrigerant to the brine to produce hot water (eg, 60 ° C., 450 L hot water for hot water supply equipment). The conventional solar heat utilization system has not been provided with a heat pump. Therefore, in the above case, necessary hot water could not be generated.

The solar heat utilization system 200 shown in FIG. 6 can be used when the refrigerant is water. The water in which the thermal energy is accumulated (that is, hot water) is stored in the hot water storage tank 201 provided in the solar heat utilization system 200 from the heat collection panel 30 through the transport path. The solar heat utilization system 200 uses a heat pump 203 or a gas water heater (not shown) or the like to heat the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 201, so that the necessary temperature and temperature can be obtained from the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 201. An amount of hot water can be produced.

In the solar heat utilization system 200, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 201 has thermal energy absorbed by the heat collecting panel 30 from the solar cell module 10 (see FIG. 2). Thus, the solar heat utilization system 200 does not require as much energy (so as to produce the same temperature and amount of hot water from unheated water) in order to generate the required temperature and amount of hot water.

[Embodiment 2]
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

The raised structure 50 described in the first embodiment has a surface perpendicular to the x direction in which the refrigerant pipe extends (see FIG. 1). Therefore, there is a possibility that the refrigerant flowing in the x direction cannot flow smoothly by colliding with the surface of the raised structure 50. Therefore, in this embodiment, the raised structures 50A to 50D (raised structures) that do not have a surface perpendicular to the x direction will be described.

(Configuration of raised structure 50A)
As shown in FIG. 7, the photothermal hybrid panel 1 according to the present embodiment includes a raised structure 50 </ b> A instead of the raised structure 50. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the refrigerant pipe 40, the raised structure 50A has a streamlined shape. That is, the raised structure 50A has a height t at both ends in the x direction, but does not have a width d.

Therefore, when the refrigerant collides with one end of the raised structure 50A in the x direction, the direction in which the refrigerant flows gently changes along the curved surface of the raised structure 50A. Therefore, the refrigerant can flow smoothly in the refrigerant pipe 40. Therefore, while the raised structure 50A can generate the turbulent flow of the refrigerant, the load on the raised structure 50A is reduced, so that the reliability of the photothermal hybrid panel 1 is improved and the frequency of repairing the photothermal hybrid panel 1 is increased. Can be reduced.

However, also in this embodiment, in order to increase the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30, it is desirable that turbulent flow is generated in the refrigerant pipe 40. Therefore, the width d, the length lf, and the height t of the raised structure 50A are values that cause turbulent flow in the refrigerant pipe 40 (d = 3.0 mm, lf = 10.0 mm, t = 2. 0 mm). Note that the maximum value of the heat collection efficiency in the present embodiment is different from the maximum value described in the above embodiment (see FIG. 4). However, the ranges of desirable values for the width d, length lf, height t, and length p of the raised structure 50A are the width d, length lf, height t, and height of the raised structure 50 described in the first embodiment. It is the same as the range of desirable values for the length p.

(Modification)
In addition to the raised structure 50A, there can be various streamlined raised structures.

(A) to (c) of FIG. 8 are schematic views showing the structure of raised structures 50B to 50D according to modifications of the present embodiment. None of the raised structures 50B to 50D has a surface perpendicular to the x direction in which the refrigerant pipe 40 extends, like the raised structure 50A according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8A, the raised structure 50B has a flat upper surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the refrigerant tube 40, the raised structure 50C has a shape close to a quadrangle having rounded corners rather than an ellipse. As shown in FIG. 8C, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the flat surface of the refrigerant tube 40, the raised structure 50D has the same shape as the raised structure 50C. However, the raised structure 50C does not have a flat upper surface, while the raised structure 50D has a flat upper surface (similar to the raised structure 50B).

[Embodiment 3]
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the first embodiment, the refrigerant pipe 40 having a semicircular cross section has been described. In the present embodiment, a refrigerant tube 40A having a cross section different from a semicircular shape will be described.

(Configuration of refrigerant pipe 40A)
FIG. 9 is a view showing a cross section of the refrigerant pipe 40A according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, the refrigerant pipe 40A has a trapezoidal cross section. That is, the refrigerant pipe 40A is composed of four flat surfaces. Since the refrigerant pipe 40A is composed of only a flat surface, it can be easily manufactured as compared with the refrigerant pipe 40 composed of a curved surface and a flat surface.

In one modification of the present embodiment, the refrigerant pipe 40A may have an arbitrary polygonal cross section. Alternatively, the refrigerant tube 40A may have a semi-elliptical, elliptical, or circular cross section. However, the refrigerant pipe 40A in which the cut surface of the cross section is configured by a curve does not have a flat surface. Therefore, the raised structure 50 arrange | positioned in such a refrigerant pipe 40A may be formed along the curved surface of the refrigerant pipe 40A.

[Embodiment 4]
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the present embodiment, the configuration of the solar cell module 10 provided in the photothermal hybrid panel 1 will be described.

(Configuration of solar cell module 10)
The configuration of the solar cell module 10 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a cross-sectional structure of the solar cell module 10. As shown in FIG. 10, the solar cell module 10 includes sealing resin layers 11 and 12, solar cells 13, an EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate) resin layer 14, and a glass layer 15. EVA resin is suitable for the material of the protective layer because it is excellent in stability to ultraviolet rays and weather resistance.

As shown in FIG. 10, the solar cell module 10 includes a convex portion 16 (another raised structure) on the glass layer 15, that is, on the light receiving surface. The forming material of the convex part 16 is the same (glass) as the glass layer 15. The convex part 16 may be formed by baking glass paste or SOG (Spin On Glass). Non-Patent Document 1 describes a glass for solar cells that has been embossed with a size of about several micrometers. The photothermal hybrid panel including the heat collecting panel 30 described in the first to third embodiments, the refrigerant tubes 40 and 40A, and the conventional solar cell module (that is, not including the convex portion 16) is also included in the present invention. include.

(Configuration of convex portion 16)
The structure of the convex part 16 is demonstrated using (a) and (b) of FIG. (A) of FIG. 11 is the schematic which shows the structure of the solar cell module 10 seen from the light-receiving surface side. FIG. 11B is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the convex portion 16.

As shown in FIG. 11A, the plurality of convex portions 16 are regularly dispersed on the glass layer 15 so as to form a triangular lattice. The convex portion 16 reflects a part of sunlight incident obliquely with respect to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10 toward the light receiving surface. Since the convex part 16 reduces the reflection of the sunlight in the glass layer 15, the solar cell module 10 can take in more sunlight. Moreover, as a result of the amount of sunlight taken in by the solar cell module 10 increasing, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 is improved.

Thus, the convex part 16 can reduce the reflection of sunlight on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10. Therefore, the solar cell module 10 can absorb more sunlight and generate more power. In one example, the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar cell module 10 having the convex portion 16 increased by 0.13% compared to the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar cell module 10 not having the convex portion 16. .

Furthermore, the convex part 16 changes the direction in which a wind flows complicatedly by interacting with the wind which flows on the light-receiving surface of the solar cell module 10. Therefore, the amount of heat radiation from the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module 10 increases. Moreover, the convex part 16 expands the surface area of the glass layer 15 substantially. Therefore, the amount of heat radiation from the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module 10 further increases. As a result, an increase in the temperature of the solar battery cell 13 is suppressed. In one embodiment, the amount of increase in the temperature of the solar cell 13 in the solar cell module 10 having the convex portion 16 is compared with the amount of increase in the temperature of the solar cell 13 in the solar cell module 10 not having the convex portion 16. 22%.

In addition, since the heat collection panel 30 is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the light-receiving surface of the solar cell module 10, it is mainly the member (for example, photovoltaic cell) which exists in the opposite side to the light-receiving surface of the solar cell module 10. 13) absorbs thermal energy. Therefore, even if the convex part 16 increases the heat radiation amount on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module 10, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 hardly decreases.

As shown to (a) of FIG. 11, when it sees from the direction perpendicular | vertical to the light-receiving surface of the solar cell module 10, the convex part 16 is a rectangle. Here, the y direction shown in FIG. 11A represents the direction of the major axis of the convex portion 16. The z direction represents the direction of the short axis of the convex portion 16. Attention is paid to two convex portions 16 that are adjacent (appear) when viewed from the z direction or the y direction. The length phv shown in FIG. 11A is the sum of twice the length lfs of the convex portion 16 and the distance between the two convex portions 16 (the distance in the y direction). Specifically, the value of the length phv is 20 mm. Further, the length phs shown in FIG. 11B is the sum of the width ds of the convex portion 16 and the interval between the two convex portions 16 (distance in the z direction). Specifically, the value of the length phs is 15.0 mm.

As shown in FIG. 11B, the convex portion 16 has a pillar shape having a width ds, a length lfs, and a height ts. Moreover, the convex part 16 has a semicircular cross section. Specifically, the width ds is 2.0 mm. Specifically, the length lfs is 10.0 mm. Specifically, the height ts is 1.0 mm.

It is desirable that the shape, size, position, and the like of the convex portion 16 are set so as to efficiently interact with the wind flowing on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10. From the viewpoint of increasing the interaction between the convex portion 16 and the wind, the length lfs and the height ts of the convex portion 16 and the length phs and the length phv indicating the interval between the convex portions 16 are as follows: It is desirable to satisfy.
2.5ds ≦ lfs ≦ 7.5ds
2.0ds ≦ ts ≦ 1.5ds
2.0ds ≦ phs ≦ 10.0ds
2.0lfs ≦ phv ≦ 20.0ds
Further, it is desirable that the width ds of the convex portion 16 satisfies the following condition.
1.0mm ≦ ds ≦ 70.0mm
Here, since the number of the convex parts 16 arrange | positioned on the glass layer 15 decreases when the width | variety ds is too large, the effect of the convex part 16 becomes small. It is desirable that at least one or two convex portions 16 are disposed per unit area of the glass layer 15.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the width ds of the protrusions 16 and the number of protrusions 16 arranged per unit area (1 square meter) of the glass layer 15. Here, phs = 10.0 ds and phv = 20.0 ds. When the value of the width ds of the convex portion 16 is 70.0 mm, the number of the convex portions 16 arranged per unit area of the glass layer 15 is approximately one. Moreover, when the value of the width ds of the convex portion 16 is 50.0 mm, the number of the convex portions 16 arranged per unit area of the glass layer 15 is approximately two. Therefore, the value of the width ds of the convex portion 16 is preferably 70.0 mm or less, and more preferably 50.0 mm or less.

On the other hand, the smaller the width ds, the greater the number of convex portions 16 arranged on the glass layer 15. However, when the width ds is too small, the convex portion 16 is too small to show a noticeable effect. Accordingly, the value of the width ds of the convex portion 16 is preferably 1.0 mm or more, and more preferably 2.0 mm or more. Therefore, the width ds more preferably satisfies the condition of 2.0 mm ≦ ds ≦ 50.0 mm.

Next, using (a) and (b) of FIG. 13, the area (lfs (mm) × ds () occupied by the convex portion 16 in the unit area (phv (mm) × phs (mm)) of the glass layer 15. mm)).

FIG. 13A is a graph showing the relationship between the area occupied by the protrusions 16 in the unit area (phv (mm) × phs (mm)) of the glass layer 15 and the heat dissipation amount of the solar cell module 10. is there. Here, the unit area of the glass layer 15 was set to 1.0, and the heat radiation amount of the solar cell module 10 not including the convex portion 16 was set to 1.0. As shown to (a) of FIG. 13, when the area of the convex part 16 is 0.07, the thermal radiation amount of the solar cell module 10 becomes the maximum value 1.22.

When the area occupied by the convex portion 16 in the unit area (phv (mm) × phs (mm)) of the glass layer 15 is 1.0 (that is, lfs = phv and ds = phs), the solar cell module The heat radiation amount of 10 is 1.05. When the area of the convex part 16 is 0.02 or more and 0.5 or less, since the heat radiation amount of the solar cell module 10 is 1.05 or more, the area of the convex part 16 is 0.02 or more and 0.5 or less. It is preferable that

FIG. 13B shows the relationship between the area occupied by the protrusions 16 in the unit area (phv (mm) × phs (mm)) of the glass layer 15 and the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar cell module 10. It is a graph to show. Here, the unit area of the glass layer 15 was set to 1.0, and the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar cell module 10 not including the convex portion 16 was set to 1.0. As shown in FIG. 13B, the area of the convex portion 16 increases, and the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar cell module 10 increases monotonously.

From the above, the optimum value of the area occupied by the convex portion 16 in the unit area (phv (mm) × phs (mm)) of the glass layer 15 is 0.07. For example, when lfs = 5.0 ds, phs = 7.5 ds, and phv = 10.0 ds, the area occupied by the convex portion 16 is the optimum value 0.07.

[Embodiment 5]
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the fourth embodiment, the solar cell module 10 in which the plurality of convex portions 16 are arranged on the glass layer 15 has been described. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, a solar cell module 10 </ b> A in which a plurality of concave portions 17 (recessed structures) are formed on the glass layer 15 will be described.

(Configuration of recess 17)
The structure of the recessed part 17 is demonstrated using (a) (b) of FIG. 14 and FIG. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a solar cell module 10A having a glass layer 15 in which a recess 17 is formed. Moreover, (a) of FIG. 15 is the schematic which shows 10 A of solar cell modules seen from the direction which sunlight injects. FIG. 15B is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the recess 17.

As shown in FIG. 14, the recess 17 is a recess formed by a process of digging the surface of the glass layer 15. As shown in FIG. 15A, the plurality of recesses 17 are regularly dispersed on the glass layer 15 so as to form a triangular lattice.

The concave portion 17 reflects a part of sunlight incident obliquely to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10A toward the light receiving surface. Since the recessed part 17 reduces the reflection of sunlight in the glass layer 15, the solar cell module 10A can take in a large amount of sunlight. Moreover, as a result of the increase in the amount of sunlight taken in by the solar cell module 10A, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection panel 30 is improved. In particular, the concave portion 17 can guide more sunlight (for example, five times) into the solar cell module 10A as compared with the convex portion 16 described in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, the solar cell module 10A can absorb more sunlight and generate more power.

Furthermore, the concave portion 17 interacts with the wind flowing on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10A, thereby changing the direction in which the wind flows in a complicated manner. Moreover, the recessed part 17 expands the surface area of the glass layer 15 substantially. Therefore, since the heat radiation amount from the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module 10A increases, the temperature of the solar cell 13 is suppressed from increasing, and the photoelectric efficiency of the solar cell 13 is unlikely to decrease.

As shown in FIG. 15 (b), when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface, the concave portion 17 has an elliptical shape having a width of 2.0 mm and a length of 10.0 mm. The recess 17 has a semi-elliptical cross section with a depth of 1.0 mm. In other words, the concave portion 17 has an ellipsoidal shape cut in the long axis direction. When the contaminated liquid accumulates in the recess 17, the amount of sunlight absorbed in the solar cell module 10 may be reduced. However, since the concave portion 17 has an ellipsoidal shape composed of only a smooth curved surface, the liquid (rain water or the like) that has entered the concave portion 17 tends to flow out of the concave portion 17. The dirt mixed in the liquid flows out from the recess 17 together with the liquid.

(Modification)
FIGS. 16A to 16C are schematic views showing the configuration of the recesses 17A to 17C according to the modification of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 16A, the recess 17A has a flat bottom surface. As shown in FIG. 16B, when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10A, the recess 17B has a shape close to a quadrangle with rounded corners rather than an ellipse. As shown in FIG. 16C, when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module 10A, the recess 17C has the same shape as the recess 17B. However, the recess 17B has a flat bottom surface, while the recess 17C does not have a bottom surface (similar to the recess 17) and has a semicircular cross section.

[Embodiment 6]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

(Configuration of refrigerant pipe 40B)
The configuration of the refrigerant pipe 40B according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the refrigerant pipe 40B arranged on the heat collection panel 30. As shown in FIG.

The refrigerant tubes 40 according to Embodiments 1 to 5 were linearly extended on the heat collection panel 30 (see FIG. 3). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 17, the refrigerant pipe 40 </ b> B extends so as to meander on the heat collection panel 30. That is, the refrigerant pipe 40B includes a linearly extending portion and a bent and folded portion.

As shown in FIG. 17, the refrigerant tube 40 </ b> B passes through the inside of the heat collection panel 30 many times by being folded many times at the end of the heat collection panel 30. In addition, the refrigerant pipe 40 </ b> B is bent along the outline of the heat collection panel 30 at the end of the heat collection panel 30. Therefore, the length of the refrigerant tube 40B covering the unit area (1 square meter) of the heat collection panel 30 can be made longer than the length of the refrigerant tube 40 covering the unit area of the heat collection panel 30. Accordingly, the outlet temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 40B is higher than the outlet temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 40. In other words, the refrigerant pipe 40B can absorb more thermal energy than the refrigerant pipe 40.

[Embodiment 7]
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the present embodiment, a solar power generation system 2000 that performs solar power generation using the solar cell module 10 according to the first to sixth embodiments will be described. Before that, the solar cell module 10 according to the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the solar cell module 10 according to this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 18, the solar cell module 10 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of solar cells 13, a cover 1002, and output terminals 1013 and 1014. The plurality of solar cells 13 are arranged in an array and are connected in series with each other.

In addition, the arrangement | sequence system and connection system of the photovoltaic cell 13 are not limited to the structure shown in FIG. The solar cells 13 may be connected in parallel, or may be connected by a connection method that combines series connection and parallel connection. Note that the number of solar cells 13 included in the solar cell module 10 may be an arbitrary integer of 2 or more. As described in the first embodiment, the thermal energy of the solar cell module 10 is absorbed by the heat collection panel 30. Therefore, since the temperature of the solar battery cell 13 does not easily rise, the solar battery cell 13 can maintain high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, the solar cell module 10 and the solar power generation system 2000 provided with the solar cells 13 also have high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The cover 1002 covers the plurality of solar cells 13. The cover 1002 is composed of a weather resistant cover. The cover 1002 is, for example, a glass layer provided on the light-receiving surface side of the solar battery cell 13 and a back surface base material (surface opposite to the surface on which sunlight is incident) of the solar battery cell 13 (the surface opposite to the surface on which sunlight is incident). For example, glass, a resin sheet, etc.) and a sealing material (for example, EVA etc.) are included.

The output terminal 1013 is connected to the solar cell 13 at one end of the plurality of solar cells 13 connected in series. The output terminal 1014 is connected to the solar battery cell 13 at the other end of the plurality of solar battery cells 13 connected in series.

(Configuration of photovoltaic power generation system 2000)
The configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system 2000 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20. FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the photoelectric conversion module array 2001. FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system 2000. As illustrated in FIG. 20, the photovoltaic power generation system 2000 includes a photoelectric conversion module array 2001, a connection box 2002, a power conditioner 2003, a distribution board 2004, and a power meter 2005. Here, as shown in FIG. 19, the photoelectric conversion module array 2001 includes a plurality of solar cell modules 10.

The connection box 2002 is connected to the photoelectric conversion module array 2001. The power conditioner 2003 is connected to the connection box 2002. Distribution board 2004 is connected to power conditioner 2003 and electrical equipment 2011. The power meter 2005 is connected to the distribution board 2004 and the commercial power system.

The solar power generation system 2000 generally has a function called “Home Energy Management System (HEMS)”, “Building Energy Management System (BEMS)”, or the like. Can be added. The solar power generation system 2000 uses these functions to monitor the power generation amount of the solar power generation system 2000, monitor or control the power consumption of each electrical device connected to the solar power generation system 2000, and the like. . Thereby, the solar power generation system 2000 can reduce the energy consumption by electrical equipment.

(Operation of the photovoltaic power generation system 2000)
The photoelectric conversion module array 2001 generates DC power from sunlight by photoelectric conversion, and outputs the generated DC power to the connection box 2002.

The connection box 2002 supplies the DC power received from the photoelectric conversion module array 2001 to the power conditioner.

The power conditioner 2003 converts the DC power received from the connection box 2002 into AC power. Then, the converted AC power is supplied to the distribution board 2004. Note that the power conditioner 2003 may supply part of or all of the DC power received from the connection box 2002 to the distribution board 2004 without converting it to AC power.

When the storage battery 2100 (see FIG. 21) is connected to the power conditioner 2003 (or when the storage battery 2100 is built in the power conditioner 2003), the power conditioner 2003 is received from the connection box 2002. Part or all of the DC power can be stored in the storage battery 2100 (after appropriate power conversion). The storage battery 2100 supplies the power conditioner 2003 with an appropriate amount of power corresponding to the power generation amount of the solar cell module 10 and the power consumption amount of the electric equipment 2011. The power conditioner 2003 supplies the power supplied from the storage battery 2100 to the distribution board 2004 (after appropriately converting the power).

The distribution board 2004 supplies at least one of the electric power received from the power conditioner 2003 and the commercial electric power received from the outside via the power meter 2005 to the electric equipment 2011. In addition, when the AC power received from the power conditioner 2003 is larger than the power consumption of the electric equipment 2011, the distribution board 2004 supplies AC power equal to the power consumption to the electric equipment 2011. Then, the distribution board 2004 supplies the remaining AC power to the commercial power system via the power meter 2005.

Further, when the AC power received from the power conditioner 2003 is less than the power consumption of the electrical equipment 2011, the distribution board 2004 includes the AC power received from the power conditioner 2003 and the AC power received from the commercial power system. In addition, AC power equal to the power consumption of the electrical equipment 2011 is supplied to the electrical equipment 2011.

The power meter 2005 measures the power traveling from the commercial power system to the distribution board 2004 and the power traveling from the distribution board 2004 to the commercial power system.

(Modification)
FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system 2000 according to a modification of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 21, in this modification, a storage battery 2100 is connected to the power conditioner 2003. Note that the storage battery 2100 may be incorporated in the power conditioner 2003.

When the output of the photoelectric conversion module array 2001 fluctuates due to the change in the amount of sunlight, the photovoltaic power generation system 2000 according to this modification outputs the electric power stored in the storage battery 2100. Thereby, the solar power generation system 2000 can supply stable power to the commercial power system. Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation system 2000 according to the present modification supplies the power stored in the storage battery 2100 to the commercial power system even when there is no output from the photoelectric conversion module array 2001 in a time zone without sunlight. can do.

[Embodiment 8]
The following will describe another embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In this embodiment, a photovoltaic power generation system 4000 that is larger than the photovoltaic power generation system 2000 described in the seventh embodiment will be described.

(Configuration of photovoltaic power generation system 4000)
The configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system 4000 according to the present embodiment will be described using FIG. FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system 4000. As shown in FIG. 22, the photovoltaic power generation system 4000 includes a plurality of subsystems 4001, a plurality of power conditioners 4003, and a transformer 4004.

The photovoltaic power generation system 4000 is a larger scale photovoltaic power generation system than the photovoltaic power generation system 2000 shown in FIG.

Each of the plurality of subsystems 4001 includes a plurality of module systems 3000. The number of module systems 3000 in the subsystem 4001 may be any integer greater than or equal to two.

Each of the plurality of module systems 3000 includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion module arrays 2001, a plurality of connection boxes 3002, and a current collection box 3004. The number of the junction boxes 3002 in the module system 3000 and the photoelectric conversion module arrays 2001 connected thereto may be any integer of 2 or more.

The current collection box 3004 is connected to a plurality of connection boxes 3002. The power conditioner 4003 is connected to a plurality of current collection boxes 3004 in the subsystem 4001.

The plurality of power conditioners 4003 are each connected to the subsystem 4001. In the photovoltaic power generation system 4000, the number of power conditioners 4003 and subsystems 4001 connected thereto may be any integer of 2 or more.

The transformer 4004 is connected to a plurality of power conditioners 4003 and a commercial power system.

(Operation of the photovoltaic power generation system 4000)
The photoelectric conversion module array 2001 generates direct-current power from sunlight by photoelectric conversion, and outputs the generated direct-current power to the current collection box 3004 via the connection box 3002. A plurality of current collection boxes 3004 in the subsystem 4001 supplies DC power to a plurality of power conditioners 4003. The plurality of power conditioners 4003 converts the DC power received from the current collection box 3004 into AC power. Then, the converted AC power is supplied to the transformer 4004.

In addition, when the storage battery 4100 (see FIG. 23) is connected to the power conditioner 4003 (or when the storage battery 4100 is built in the power conditioner 4003), the power conditioner 4003 is received from the current collection box 3004. In addition, part or all of the direct current power can be stored in the storage battery 4100 (after appropriate power conversion). The storage battery 4100 supplies an appropriate amount of power corresponding to the power generation amount of the subsystem 4001 to the power conditioner 4003. The power conditioner 4003 supplies the power supplied from the storage battery 2100 to the transformer 4004 (after appropriate power conversion).

The transformer 4004 supplies the AC power received from the power conditioner 4003 to the commercial power system (after changing its voltage level).

(Modification)
FIG. 23 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a photovoltaic power generation system 4000 according to a modification of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 23, in this modification, a storage battery 4100 is connected to the power conditioner 4003. The storage battery 4100 may be built in the power conditioner 2003.

When the output from the photoelectric conversion module array 2001 fluctuates due to the change in the amount of sunlight, the photovoltaic power generation system 4000 according to this modification outputs the power stored in the storage battery 4100. Thereby, the solar power generation system 4000 can supply stable power to the commercial power system. Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation system 4000 according to this modification supplies the power stored in the storage battery 4100 to the commercial power system even when there is no output of the photoelectric conversion module array 2001 in a time zone without sunlight. be able to.

[Embodiment 9]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

In the first embodiment, the photothermal hybrid panel 1 including one solar cell module 10 and one heat collecting panel 30 has been described (see FIG. 2). In the present embodiment, a photothermal hybrid panel 2 including a plurality of solar cell modules 10 and a photothermal hybrid panel 3 including a plurality of heat collecting panels will be described.

(Configuration of photothermal hybrid panel 2)
The configuration of the photothermal hybrid panel 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the photothermal hybrid panel 2. As shown in FIG. 24, the photothermal hybrid panel 2 includes one solar cell module 10 and two heat collection panels 30. In addition, the photothermal hybrid panel 2 includes pipes 60 that connect the refrigerant pipes 40 respectively disposed on the two heat collecting panels 30. The pipe 60 includes a fixing jig for fixing the two heat collecting panels 30. Other configurations of the photothermal hybrid panel 2 are the same as the configurations of the photothermal hybrid panel 1 described in the first embodiment.

The two heat collecting panels 30 each absorb thermal energy from the solar cell module 10. The heat energy absorbed from the solar cell module 10 by the heat collecting panel 30 is transferred to the refrigerant through the refrigerant tube 40 disposed on the one heat collecting panel 30. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows into the pipe 60. On the other hand, the thermal energy absorbed from the solar cell module 10 by the other heat collecting panel 30 moves to the refrigerant through the refrigerant tube 40. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows into the pipe 60. The refrigerant passes through the pipe 60 and is transported from the photothermal hybrid panel 2 to the solar heat utilization systems 100 and 200 (see FIGS. 5 and 6) described in the first embodiment.

A configuration including three or more heat collecting panels 30 is also included in the present invention.

(Configuration of photothermal hybrid panel 3)
The configuration of the photothermal hybrid panel 3 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the photothermal hybrid panel 2. As shown in FIG. 24, the photothermal hybrid panel 3 includes two solar cell modules 10 and one heat collection panel 30. The photothermal hybrid panel 3 includes two terminals 31 for outputting the power generated by the two solar cell modules 10. Other configurations of the photothermal hybrid panel 3 are the same as the configurations of the photothermal hybrid panel 1 described in the first embodiment.

Both the two solar cell modules 10 are close to the heat collecting panel 30. The heat collection panel 30 absorbs heat energy from the two solar cell modules 10. Then, the thermal energy absorbed by the heat collection panel 30 moves to the refrigerant pipe.

Each of the two solar cell modules 10 has a light receiving surface, and generates electric power by photoelectric conversion. In the photothermal hybrid panel 3, even if one of the two solar cell modules 10 fails, the remaining one can generate electric power.

A configuration including three or more solar cell modules 10 is also included in the present invention. A configuration including a plurality of solar cell modules 10 and a plurality of heat collecting panels 30 is also included in the present invention.

[Embodiment 10]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those described in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

(Configuration of Photothermal Hybrid System 1000)
FIG. 26 shows a configuration of the photothermal hybrid system 1000 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 26, the photothermal hybrid system 1000 includes the photothermal hybrid panel 1, a solar heat utilization system 100, and a solar power generation system 2000.

In the photothermal hybrid system 1000, the refrigerant that has accumulated thermal energy is transported from the heat collecting panel 30 of the photothermal hybrid panel 1 to the solar heat utilization system 100. Electric power is sent from the solar cell module 10 of the photothermal hybrid panel 1 to the solar power generation system 2000.

The photothermal hybrid system 1000 may include the photothermal hybrid panel 2 or 3 instead of the photothermal hybrid panel 1. Further, a solar heat utilization system 200 may be provided instead of the solar heat utilization system 100. Further, instead of the solar power generation system 2000, a solar power generation system 4000 may be provided.

[Summary]
The heat collecting plate (heat collecting panel 30) according to aspect 1 of the present invention is the solar cell module, the heat collecting plate, and the solar cell module (10, 10A) from the light receiving surface side toward the opposite back surface side. A refrigerant pipe (40) is a heat collecting plate provided with the refrigerant pipe in a structure arranged in this order, and a plurality of protrusions projecting from the solar cell module side to the inside of the refrigerant pipe on the inner surface of the refrigerant pipe The raised structures (raised structures 50, 40A to 50D) are arranged, and the raised structures are (i) arranged in a plurality of rows in the direction in which the refrigerant pipe extends, and (ii) adjacent Are arranged alternately with the plurality of raised structures included in the row.

According to the above configuration, a plurality of raised structures are arranged in the refrigerant pipe. Therefore, the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe flows while contacting the raised structure. Since the raised structure substantially expands the area where the refrigerant pipe and the refrigerant are in contact with each other, the amount of heat energy transferred from the refrigerant pipe (and the heat collecting plate) to the refrigerant increases. The plurality of raised structures are disposed on the solar cell module side of the inner surface of the refrigerant tube. Therefore, compared with the structure in which the raised structure is arranged at a position far from the solar cell module, thermal energy is easily transmitted from the heat collecting plate to the raised structure.

Furthermore, according to the above configuration, the plurality of raised structures are arranged in a plurality of rows, and the raised structures included in adjacent rows are alternately arranged. Therefore, for example, the flow of the refrigerant changes the direction by colliding with the raised structure included in one row, and then changing the direction by colliding with the raised structure included in the other row.

Thus, since the raised structure changes the flow direction of the refrigerant in a complicated manner, the amount of heat energy that moves from the refrigerant pipe to the refrigerant increases. Further, as the thermal energy transferred from the refrigerant tube to the refrigerant increases, the thermal energy transferred from the heat collecting plate to the refrigerant tube, and hence the thermal energy transferred from the solar cell module to the heat collecting plate also increases. In other words, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection plate is improved.

The heat collecting plate according to aspect 2 of the present invention is the heat collecting plate according to aspect 1, wherein the volume per unit length of the refrigerant pipe is set to 1, and the volume of the raised structure existing within the unit length of the refrigerant pipe is When the sum is f, 0.111 ≦ f ≦ 0.25 may be satisfied.

According to the above configuration, when the raised structure has a volume ratio defined as described above as compared with the volume of the refrigerant pipe, turbulence is generated in the refrigerant pipe. Therefore, compared with the case where a laminar flow flows through the refrigerant pipe, the thermal energy that moves from the refrigerant pipe to the refrigerant increases. Therefore, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection plate is improved. On the other hand, when 0.111 ≦ f ≦ 0.25 is not satisfied, the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collecting plate is the same as the heat collecting efficiency of the configuration in which the raised structure is not arranged.

In the heat collecting plate according to aspect 3 of the present invention, in the aspect 1 or 2, the raised structure has a shape of a hollow partial cylinder obtained by cutting the hollow cylinder in the central axis direction. You may correspond with the direction where the above-mentioned refrigerant pipe extends.

According to said structure, since a refrigerant | coolant collides with the end surface of the protruding structure which has the hollow cylindrical shape cut | disconnected in the center axis direction, it becomes easy to generate | occur | produce a turbulent flow of a refrigerant | coolant. Moreover, since the raised structure is hollow, it is lightweight. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the weight of the heat collecting plate (compared to a heat collecting plate having a non-hollow raised structure).
In the heat collecting plate according to aspect 4 of the present invention, in the aspect 1 or 2, the raised structure has an ellipsoidal shape cut in a major axis direction, and the major axis direction is the refrigerant pipe. May coincide with the extending direction.

According to the above configuration, the raised structure gently changes the flow of the refrigerant that collides with the raised structure, so that the refrigerant can flow smoothly in the refrigerant pipe.

The heat collecting plate according to aspect 5 of the present invention is the heat collecting plate according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the refrigerant tube has a half-elliptical shape, an elliptical shape, a circular shape, a quadrangular shape, and a rounded corner. Any one of the quadrangles may be used.

According to the above configuration, since the shape of the cross section of the refrigerant pipe is simple, the refrigerant pipe can be easily manufactured. The half ellipse includes a semicircle, and the quadrangle includes a trapezoid.

In the heat collecting plate according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the refrigerant pipe may extend while meandering on the heat collecting panel.

According to the above configuration, the length of the refrigerant tube close to the heat collection panel can be further extended as compared with the configuration in which the refrigerant tube extends linearly on the heat collection panel. Therefore, thermal energy efficiently moves from the heat collection panel to the refrigerant pipe.

The photothermal hybrid panel (1, 2, 3) according to aspect 7 of the present invention may be a combination of the heat collecting plate according to any one of aspects 1 to 9 and the solar cell module.

According to said structure, there can exist the same effect as the heat collecting plate in any one of the said aspects 1-6.

A heat collecting plate according to aspect 8 of the present invention is the heat collecting plate according to aspect 7, wherein a plurality of other raised structures (projections 16) made of the same material as the material of the light receiving surface are formed on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module. May be distributed in a triangular lattice pattern.

According to the above configuration, a plurality of other raised structures are distributed and arranged on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module (for example, on the glass layer). Since the other raised structure substantially expands the area where the light receiving surface and the outside air contact, the heat radiation efficiency on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module is improved. In addition, since the other raised structure reduces the amount of sunlight reflected on the light receiving surface, the solar cell module can take in more sunlight. Moreover, as a result of the increase in the amount of sunlight taken in by the solar cell, the heat collecting efficiency of the heat collecting plate is improved.

Furthermore, according to the above configuration, the plurality of other raised structures are arranged in a triangular lattice shape. For this reason, the direction of outside air (particularly, outside air flowing in a direction different from the direction in which other adjacent raised structures are arranged) can be changed in a complicated manner by the other raised structures. Thereby, since the amount of thermal energy that moves from the light receiving surface to the outside air increases, the heat dissipation efficiency on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module is further improved.

In the heat collecting plate according to aspect 9 of the present invention, when the area of the light receiving surface is set to 1 and the area of the light receiving surface in which the other raised structure is disposed is r in the aspect 8 0.02 ≦ r ≦ 0.5 may be satisfied.

According to the above configuration, the solar cell module is more than a configuration in which the other raised structure is not disposed on the light receiving surface and a configuration in which the other raised structure is disposed so as to cover the entire light receiving surface. The heat radiation efficiency on the light receiving surface side can be improved. On the other hand, when 0.02 ≦ r ≦ 0.5 is not satisfied, the heat dissipation efficiency on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module is the heat dissipation efficiency of the configuration in which the other raised structure is disposed so as to cover the entire light receiving surface. It becomes the following.

The heat collecting plate according to aspect 10 of the present invention is the heat collecting plate according to aspect 7, wherein a plurality of hollow structures (recesses 17, 17A to 17C) are formed in a triangular lattice pattern on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module by processing the light receiving surface. It may be formed in a dispersed manner.

According to the above configuration, since the plurality of depression structures substantially enlarge the area of the light receiving surface of the solar cell module, the heat dissipation efficiency on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell module is improved. Moreover, a recessed part reflects sunlight more efficiently toward a light-receiving surface compared with a raised structure, and does not scatter sunlight outside a light-receiving surface very much. Therefore, compared with the structure by which the protruding structure is arrange | positioned on the light-receiving surface, the absorption amount of sunlight by a solar cell module can be increased more.

The photothermal hybrid system (1000) according to the aspect 11 of the present invention is a photovoltaic power generation system (2000) that sends the power output from the photothermal hybrid panel according to any one of the above aspects 8 to 10 and the solar cell module to an electric power system. 4000).

According to said structure, there can exist an effect similar to the photothermal hybrid panel in any one of the said aspects 8-10.

[Another expression of the present invention]
The photothermal hybrid panel according to aspect 12 of the present invention is
The solar cell module and the heat collecting panel are integrated.
The heat collecting panel has a plurality of refrigerant tubes,
A raised structure is disposed in at least one of the refrigerant tubes;
The raised structure is halved ellipsoidal shape;
The raised structures are arranged in a staggered manner along the direction of the flow of the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant pipe while maintaining a certain distance p.
The ratio f of the volume per length p to the volume per length p of the raised structure may be 0.111 ≦ f ≦ 0.25.

The photothermal hybrid panel according to aspect 13 of the present invention is
The cross section in the short side direction or the long side direction of the refrigerant pipe may have one of an elliptical shape, an elliptical shape, a circular shape, a quadrangular shape, and a quadrangular shape having rounded corners.

The photothermal hybrid panel according to aspect 14 of the present invention is
The solar cell module and the heat collecting panel are integrated.
Having the heat collecting panel of the above aspect 12 or 13,
Glass, or a baked glass paste or a baked SOG material is arranged in a triangular lattice shape in a semi-cylindrical convex shape on a part of the glass surface of the solar cell module,
When the ratio of fin area / unit area S in unit area S to r is the unit area S formed by horizontal distance phs and vertical distance phv between fins, 0.02 ≦ r ≦ It may be 0.5.

In the photothermal hybrid panel according to the aspect 15 of the present invention,
The solar cell module and the heat collecting panel are integrated.
Having the heat collecting panel of the above aspect 12 or 13,
It has the glass for solar cell modules of the above aspect 14,
Two or more of the heat collecting panels may be installed per one of the solar cell modules.

In the photothermal hybrid system according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention,
The photothermal hybrid panels according to any one of the above aspects 12 to 15 are arranged in an array,
The photoelectric conversion module array constituting the photothermal hybrid panel has a solar power generation system having a connection box connected to an output terminal, a power conditioner,
Piping and heat pump connected to the heat collecting panel;
A hot water heater,
A hot water storage layer connected to the heat pump;
The control unit and the solar heat utilization system having the control panel may be integrated.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, a new technical feature can be formed by combining the technical means disclosed in each embodiment.

The present invention can be used for a photothermal hybrid panel including a heat collecting plate that absorbs thermal energy from a solar cell module.

1, 2, 3 Photothermal hybrid panel 10, 10A Solar cell module 16 Convex part (other raised structure)
17 Concave (dented structure)
30 Heat collection panel (heat collection plate)
40, 40A Refrigerant tube 50, 50A, 50B, 50C, 50D Raised structure 100, 200 Solar heat utilization system 1000 Photothermal hybrid system 2000, 4000 Solar power generation system

Claims (5)

1. From the light-receiving surface side of the solar cell module toward the opposite back side, the solar cell module, the heat collecting plate, and the refrigerant tube are photothermal hybrid panels having a structure arranged in this order,
   A plurality of raised structures protruding from the solar cell module side to the inside of the refrigerant tube are disposed on the inner surface of the refrigerant tube,
   The plurality of raised structures are (i) arranged in a plurality of rows in the direction in which the refrigerant pipe extends, and (ii) arranged alternately with the plurality of raised structures included in adjacent rows. Photothermal hybrid panel characterized by
2. 2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of other raised structures made of the same material as the material for forming the light receiving surface are arranged in a triangular lattice pattern on the light receiving surface of the solar cell module. The described photothermal hybrid panel.
3. The raised structure has a shape of a hollow part cylinder obtained by cutting the hollow cylinder in the central axis direction,
   The photothermal hybrid panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the central axis direction coincides with a direction in which the refrigerant pipe extends.
4. When the volume per unit length of the refrigerant pipe is set as 1, and the total volume of the raised structure existing in the unit length of the refrigerant pipe is set as f,
   The photothermal hybrid panel according to claim 1, wherein 0.111 ≦ f ≦ 0.25.
5. The photothermal hybrid panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   A photovoltaic thermal power generation system comprising: a photovoltaic power generation system that sends electric power output from the solar cell module to an electric power system.

Images