EP2639516B1 - Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2639516B1
EP2639516B1 EP13158797.4A EP13158797A EP2639516B1 EP 2639516 B1 EP2639516 B1 EP 2639516B1 EP 13158797 A EP13158797 A EP 13158797A EP 2639516 B1 EP2639516 B1 EP 2639516B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
compressor
heat pump
discharge
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13158797.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2639516A2 (fr
EP2639516A3 (fr
Inventor
Hiroshi Arashima
Hideji Nishimura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Corp
Original Assignee
Panasonic Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Corp filed Critical Panasonic Corp
Publication of EP2639516A2 publication Critical patent/EP2639516A2/fr
Publication of EP2639516A3 publication Critical patent/EP2639516A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2639516B1 publication Critical patent/EP2639516B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1072—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps
    • F24H15/38—Control of compressors of heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump hydronic heater.
  • heaters using combustible fuel such as oil (petroleum) or gas are frequently utilized but in recent years, heaters utilizing a heat pump technique are abruptly increasing.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional heat pump hydronic heater which can cool and heat.
  • the conventional heat pump hydronic heater includes a refrigeration cycle which is formed by annularly connecting a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3, a decompressor 4 and an outdoor heat exchanger 5 to one another through a refrigerant pipe 7.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 5 includes a blast fan 6 for accelerating heat exchange between air and a refrigerant.
  • the heat pump hydronic heater also includes a water pump 8 for sending, to a cooling/heating terminal 20, cold water or hot water produced by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3.
  • the heat pump hydronic heater carries out a heating operation (or hot water supplying operation) or a cooling operation by switching the four-way valve 2.
  • the heating operation or hot water supplying operation
  • the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 is used as a condenser
  • the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 is used as an evaporator (see patent document 1 for example).
  • Patent document 2 forming the closest prior art discloses a refrigeration system wherein a low refrigerant charge in said refrigeration system is detected by monitoring the compressor discharge pressure and temperature. This monitoring is accomplished with a combined pressure/temperature sensor located at or near the compressor outlet. The sensor output signals are fed to a controller which produces a low charge signal whenever a combination of high discharge temperature and a low discharge pressure is detected. The controller can optionally receive input of additional operating characteristics of the refrigeration system to provide a more accurate low charge signal. The controller is connected to an indicator and/or the compressor so that the low charge signal activates the indicator and/or deactivates the compressor.
  • the present invention has been accomplished to solve the conventional problem, and it is an object of the invention to provide a heat pump hydronic heater having improved usability in which leakage of a refrigerant is not erroneously detected.
  • the present invention provides a heat pump hydronic heater as defined in claim 1.
  • the heat pump hydronic heater includes a refrigeration cycle formed by connecting, to one another through a refrigerant pipe, a compressor which compresses a refrigerant, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger which heat-exchanges between the refrigerant and water, a decompressor which decompresses the refrigerant and an outdoor heat exchanger which heat-exchanges between the refrigerant and air
  • the heat pump hydronic heater comprises discharge pressure detecting means which detects a pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, discharge superheat degree detecting means which detects a superheat degree of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a control device, and the control device stops operation of the compressor if the discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure detecting means is lower than a first set pressure and a discharge superheat degree detected by the discharge superheat degree detecting means is equal to or higher than a
  • the heat pump hydronic heater can accept various lengths of various pipes, it is possible to completely detect leakage of a refrigerant, and it is possible to provide the heat pump hydronic heater having improved usability.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a heat pump hydronic heater including a refrigeration cycle formed by connecting, to one another through a refrigerant pipe, a compressor which compresses a refrigerant, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger which heat-exchanges between the refrigerant and water, a decompressor which decompresses the refrigerant and an outdoor heat exchanger which heat-exchanges between the refrigerant and air
  • the heat pump hydronic heater comprises discharge pressure detecting means which detects a pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, discharge superheat degree detecting means which detects a superheat degree of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and a control device, and the control device stops operation of the compressor if the discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure detecting means is lower than a first set pressure and a discharge superheat degree detected by the discharge superheat degree detecting means is equal to or higher than a predetermined value when predetermined time is elapsed after the compressor is started
  • the heat pump hydronic heater can meet lengths of various pipes, it is possible to completely detect leakage of a refrigerant, and to provide the heat pump hydronic heater having improved usability. Further, since the compressor does not keep operating in a state where a refrigerant is insufficient, durability of the compressor can be enhanced.
  • the control device when a number of stoppages of operation of the compressor is equal to or higher than a predetermined number, the control device does not restart the compressor and informs this fact.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a heat pump hydronic heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A configuration of the heat pump hydronic heater will be described using Fig. 1 .
  • the heat pump hydronic heater of the embodiment includes a refrigeration cycle.
  • the refrigeration cycle is formed by connecting, to one another through a refrigerant pipe 7, a compressor 1 which compresses a refrigerant and discharges a high temperature refrigerant, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 which heat-exchanges between water and a high temperature refrigerant and produces a high temperature water, a decompressor 4 which decompresses a refrigerant, and an outdoor heat exchanger 5 which heat-exchanges between air and a refrigerant.
  • a four-way valve 2 which switches between refrigerant flow paths is provided in the refrigeration cycle.
  • the four-way valve 2 flows a refrigerant from the compressor 1 to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 when a heating operation is carried out, and the four-way valve 2 flows a refrigerant from the compressor 1 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 when a cooling operation is carried out.
  • the compressor 1, the decompressor 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 are disposed in a heat pump unit 10a.
  • the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 is disposed in a heat exchange unit 10b.
  • the heat pump unit 10a and the heat exchange unit 10b are connected to each other through the refrigerant pipe 7.
  • a discharge pipe (refrigerant pipe 7) of the compressor 1 is provided with a discharge temperature sensor 1a which is discharge temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of a refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1, and a discharge pressure sensor 1b which is pressure detecting means for detecting a pressure of a refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1.
  • a blast fan 6 which sends air to the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and a temperature sensor 5a which is outside air temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of air sucked into the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
  • a frequency of the compressor 1 is controlled such that a pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 1b does not exceed an operation using range of the compressor 1.
  • the refrigerant R410A is used but a fluorocarbon-based refrigerant can also be used.
  • the compressor 1 is of a hermetic type, a motor is disposed on a high pressure side, and a rare-earth magnet is used for the motor. Since an accumulator is not used, the heat pump hydronic heater can be made small in size and light in weight.
  • the heat pump hydronic heater includes a cooling/heating terminal 24 (such as a floor heating panel, a radiator panel and a fan coil unit) which cools and heats an interior of a room.
  • a cooling/heating terminal 24 such as a floor heating panel, a radiator panel and a fan coil unit
  • Cold water or hot water produced by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 is made to flow through an interior of the cooling/heating terminal 24, thereby cooling or heating the room.
  • the heat pump hydronic heater of the embodiment further includes a hot water supply tank 22 in which hot water to be supplied or used (for shower for example) is stored. High temperature water produced by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 is made to flow through the hot water supply heat exchanger 23 to heat water in the hot water supply tank 22. Hence, a flow path switching valve 21 is provided on the side of an outlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3. By switching the flow path switching valve 21, water is circulate4d through a hot water supply water circuit 20a on the side of the hot water supply heat exchanger 23 and through a cooling/heating water circuit 20b on the side of the cooling/heating terminal 24.
  • a water pump 8 for circulating water is provided on the side of an inlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3.
  • a temperature sensor 3a which is entering-water temperature detecting means for detecting an entering-water temperature is provided on the side of the inlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3.
  • a temperature sensor 3b which is an outgoing-water temperature detecting means for detecting an outgoing-water temperature is provided on the side of an outlet of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3.
  • the water pump 8 In a hot water supplying operation or a cooling/heating operation of the heat pump hydronic heater, the water pump 8 is driven, thereby circulating cold water or hot water through the hot water supply heat exchanger 23 or the cooling/heating terminal 24.
  • the refrigeration cycle is operated until it is detected that a temperature of hot water detected by the temperature sensor 3b is higher than a temperature which is set by a remote control (not shown) by a predetermined temperature, and if it is detected that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 3b is higher than the set temperature by the predetermined temperature, the operation of the refrigeration cycle is stopped.
  • the refrigeration cycle is operated until it is detected that a temperature of cold water detected by the temperature sensor 3b is lower than a temperature which is set by the remote control (not shown) by a predetermined temperature, and if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 3b is lower than the set temperature by the predetermined temperature, the operation of the refrigeration cycle is stopped.
  • an opening degree of the decompressor 4 is controlled so that a discharge temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor 1a becomes equal to a predetermined temperature.
  • the water pump 8 since it is necessary to detect a temperature of water circulating through the cooling/heating terminal 24 or the hot water supply heat exchanger 23 even after the operation of the refrigeration cycle is stopped, the water pump 8 is driven.
  • the water pump 8 may be an AC pump or a DC pump.
  • parts other than the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 are accommodated in a casing of the heat pump unit 10a, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 3 and the water pump 8 are accommodated in a casing of the heat exchange unit 10b.
  • the heat pump unit 10a is disposed outdoors and the heat exchange unit 10b is disposed indoors.
  • the indoor side and the outdoor side are connected to each other through the refrigerant pipe 7.
  • the indoor side and the outdoor side are connected to each other through the refrigerant pipe 7, there is a merit that a possibility of freeze is low as compared with a case where the indoor side and the outdoor side are connected to each other through a water pipe.
  • Each of the heat pump unit 10a and the heat exchange unit 10b includes control devices 11a and 11b, and the control devices 11a and 11b output operation instructions to devices provided in each of the units.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the refrigerant leakage detection control of the heat pump hydronic heater.
  • the refrigerant leakage detection control according the embodiment will be described below using Fig. 2 .
  • control device 11a starts the compressor 1 (step 1), and determines whether predetermined time is elapsed after the compressor is operated (step 2). If the predetermined time is elapsed, the procedure is shifted to step 3.
  • step 3 the control device 11a determines whether a pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 1b is lower than a second set pressure (lower than first set pressure). If the detected pressure is lower than the second set pressure, the procedure is shifted to step 5 and the compressor 1 is stopped. In step 3, if the detected pressure is equal to or higher than the second set pressure, the procedure is shifted to step 4.
  • step 3 it is determined whether a refrigerant leaks.
  • a refrigerant completely leaks from the refrigeration cycle, since a discharge superheat degree can not precisely be detected, the refrigerant leakage is determined only based on a pressure.
  • step 4 the control device 11a determines whether a pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 1b is lower than the first set pressure and whether the discharge superheat degree is equal to or higher than a set superheat degree. If the pressure is lower than the first set pressure and the discharge superheat degree is equal to or higher than the set superheat degree, the procedure is shifted to step 5 and the compressor 1 is stopped. In step 4, if the pressure is equal to or higher than the first set pressure and the discharge superheat degree is lower than the set superheat degree, the procedure is returned to step 3. In step 4, it is determined whether a refrigerant is halfway leaked.
  • Discharge superheat degree detecting means which detects a discharge superheat degree includes the discharge pressure sensor 1b and the discharge pressure sensor 1a. A pressure and a condensation temperature corresponding to that pressure are preset in the control device 11a. A discharge superheat degree is calculated by subtracting a preset condensation temperature corresponding to a pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor 1b from a temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor 1a.
  • the discharge superheat degree may be calculated by subtracting, from the discharge temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor 1a, a condensation temperature detected by the temperature sensor which can detect the condensation temperature instead of the discharge pressure sensor 1b.
  • step 5 If leakage of a refrigerant is detected, the compressor 1 is stopped (step 5), and the number of abnormalities are counted up (step 6).
  • step 7 the control device 11a determines whether the number of abnormalities reaches a predetermined number. If the number of abnormalities reaches the predetermined number, the system is made to go down, the abnormality is displayed on the remote control (not shown) (step 9). If the number of abnormalities does not reach the predetermined number, a restart of the compressor 1 is waited (step 8), and when three minutes are elapsed, the compressor 1 is restarted (step 1).
  • the heat pump hydronic heater of the embodiment it is possible to reliably detect leakage of a refrigerant without depending upon a length of the connection pipe 7 between the units, and it is possible to safely stop the heat pump hydronic heater before the compressor 1 is damaged, and to inform a user of abnormality.
  • the present invention provides a heat pump hydronic heater having improved usability in which leakage of a refrigerant is not erroneously detected. Therefore, the invention can be applied not only to a domestic heat pump hydronic heater but also to a heat pump hydronic heater for business use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique comprenant un cycle de réfrigération formé par connexion l'un à l'autre via un tube de réfrigérant, un compresseur (1) qui comprime un réfrigérant, un échangeur de chaleur à eau réfrigérante (3) qui échange la chaleur entre le réfrigérant et l'eau, un décompresseur (4) qui détend le réfrigérant et un échangeur de chaleur extérieur (5) qui échange la chaleur entre le réfrigérant et l'air, dans lequel
    le dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique comprend
    un moyen de détection de pression de décharge (1b) qui détecte une pression du réfrigérant évacué depuis le compresseur (1),
    un moyen de détection de degré de surchauffe de décharge qui détecte un degré de surchauffe du réfrigérant évacué depuis le compresseur (1), et
    un dispositif de commande (11a),
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (11a) est configuré de manière à arrêter le fonctionnement du compresseur (1) après avoir déterminé si le réfrigérant fait fuite lorsqu'un temps prédéterminé s'est écoulé après que le compresseur (1) ait été mis en marche et si la pression de décharge détectée par le moyen de détection de pression de décharge (1b) est inférieure à une seconde pression de réglage ; ou si la pression de décharge détectée par le moyen de détection de pression de décharge (1b) n'est pas inférieure à une seconde pression de réglage mais inférieure à une première pression de réglage et un degré de surchauffe de décharge détecté par le moyen de détection de degré de surchauffe est égal ou supérieur à un degré de surchauffe de réglage;
    dans lequel la seconde pression de réglage est réglée à une valeur inférieure à celle de la première pression de réglage.
  2. Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le dispositif de commande (11a) est en outre configuré de sorte que, lorsqu'un nombre d'arrêts de fonctionnement du compresseur (1) est égal ou supérieur à un nombre déterminé, le dispositif de commande (11a) ne redémarre pas le compresseur (1).
EP13158797.4A 2012-03-12 2013-03-12 Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique Active EP2639516B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012054150A JP2013185803A (ja) 2012-03-12 2012-03-12 ヒートポンプ式温水暖房装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2639516A2 EP2639516A2 (fr) 2013-09-18
EP2639516A3 EP2639516A3 (fr) 2014-03-26
EP2639516B1 true EP2639516B1 (fr) 2017-06-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP13158797.4A Active EP2639516B1 (fr) 2012-03-12 2013-03-12 Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2639516B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013185803A (fr)
CN (1) CN103307654B (fr)
DK (1) DK2639516T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4317853A1 (fr) * 2022-08-03 2024-02-07 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération à compression de vapeur

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JP6128331B2 (ja) * 2014-02-26 2017-05-17 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 温水暖房装置
MA40777A (fr) * 2014-10-03 2017-08-08 Mario Maistrello Système de chauffage en hiver et de climatisation en été
CN105402936B (zh) * 2015-12-22 2019-02-01 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 空调热水机及其冷媒泄漏检测方法和装置
CN106839075A (zh) * 2017-04-06 2017-06-13 天津商业大学 小型风冷热泵机组蓄热装置
CN108019808A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2018-05-11 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 热泵系统及其控制方法
JP2023041134A (ja) 2021-09-13 2023-03-24 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 熱媒体循環システム

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4317853A1 (fr) * 2022-08-03 2024-02-07 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération à compression de vapeur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2013185803A (ja) 2013-09-19
EP2639516A2 (fr) 2013-09-18
EP2639516A3 (fr) 2014-03-26
CN103307654B (zh) 2017-05-31
DK2639516T3 (en) 2017-07-24
CN103307654A (zh) 2013-09-18

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