EP2631541B1 - Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasbrenners - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasbrenners Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2631541B1
EP2631541B1 EP12157091.5A EP12157091A EP2631541B1 EP 2631541 B1 EP2631541 B1 EP 2631541B1 EP 12157091 A EP12157091 A EP 12157091A EP 2631541 B1 EP2631541 B1 EP 2631541B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
air mixture
dead time
burner
air
Prior art date
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Application number
EP12157091.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2631541A1 (de
Inventor
Gerwin Langius
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Garrett Motion SARL
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Honeywell Technologies SARL
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Priority to EP12157091.5A priority Critical patent/EP2631541B1/de
Publication of EP2631541A1 publication Critical patent/EP2631541A1/de
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Publication of EP2631541B1 publication Critical patent/EP2631541B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N5/184—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
    • F23N5/203—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/48—Learning / Adaptive control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/06—Space-heating and heating water

Definitions

  • the present patent application relates to a method for operating a gas burner.
  • EP 0 833 106 B1 discloses a method for operating a gas burner according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP 1 309 821 B1 discloses that the calibration of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities on basis of a signal provided by an ionization sensor shall be only performed at selected times, namely immediately after installation of the sensor and/or immediately after restart of the gas burner and/or immediately after a reset.
  • DE 10 2010 026 389 A1 discloses a method to control a so-called " ⁇ -value" of the defined gas/air mixture on basis of a dead time between a change of the gas/air mixture and a signal change of sensor positioned downstream of a mixing device used to mix the air flow with the gas flow.
  • DE 10 2010 026 389 A1 relates to a method to control the air flow and/or the gas flow depending on said dead time.
  • a method for operating a gas burner according to the present application is defined in the claim 1.
  • the method according to the present application is directed to the calibration of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities.
  • the calibration is only performed if the dead time is equal or smaller than the reference value.
  • the dead time is an indication of the burner load.
  • the dead time and thereby the indication of the burner load can be determined using sensors being present in the gas burner application. No additional sensors are required.
  • the method is easy, reliable and cost effective.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a gas burner 10.
  • the gas burner comprises a burner chamber 11 in which combustion of a defined gas/air mixture having a defined mixing ratio of gas and air takes place during burner-on phases of the gas burner 10.
  • the combustion of the gas/air mixture results into flames 12 monitored by e.g. an ionization sensor 13.
  • the defined gas/air mixture is provided to the burner chamber 11 of the gas burner 10 by mixing an air flow with a gas flow.
  • a fan 14 sucks in air flowing through an air duct 15 and gas flowing though a gas duct 16.
  • a gas valve 17 for adjusting the gas flow through the gas duct 16 and safety valves 18, 19 are assigned to the gas duct 16.
  • the defined gas/air mixture having the defined mixing ratio of gas and air is provided to the burner chamber 11 of the gas burner 10.
  • the defined gas/air mixture is provided by mixing the air flow provided by an air duct 15 with a gas flow provided by a gas duct 16.
  • the air flow and the gas flow become preferably mixed by a mixing device 23.
  • a mixing device can be designed as a so-called Venturi nozzle.
  • the quantity of the air flow and thereby the quantity of the gas/air mixture flow is adjusted by the fan 14, namely by the speed of the fan 14.
  • the fan speed can be adjusted by an actuator 22 of the fan 14.
  • the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture is controlled by a controller 20.
  • the controller 20 generates a control variable for the gas valve 17, namely for an actuator 21 of the gas valve 17.
  • the gas valve position of the gas valve 17 is adjusted by the actuator 21 of the same on basis of this control variable in order to provide the defined mixing ratio of gas and air in the defined gas/air mixture.
  • the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture is controlled by a controller 20.
  • the control of the defined mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture is preferably based on a signal provided by the ionization sensor 13.
  • the controller 20 compares an actual value of the signal provided by the ionization sensor 13 with a corresponding nominal value, whereby a control deviation between said actual value and said nominal value is used by the controller to determine a control variable for the actuator 21 of the gas valve 17 in such a way that the actual value follows the nominal value. In this way the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture is kept constant.
  • This control of the gas flow by the control variable for the actuator 21 of the gas valve 17 is also often called modulation of gas flow.
  • the quantity of the air flow and thereby the quantity of the gas/air mixture flow is adjusted by the fan 14, whereby the controller 20 provides a control variable for the actuator 22 of the fan 14 for adjusting the quantity of air flow and thereby the quantity of gas/air mixture flow.
  • the controller 20 provides a control variable for the actuator 22 of the fan 14 for adjusting the quantity of air flow and thereby the quantity of gas/air mixture flow.
  • Exhaust gas resulting form the combustion of the defined gas/air mixture within the burner chamber 11 during burner-on phases of the gas burner 10 is leaving the burner chamber 11 through an exhaust flue 25 of the burner chamber 11 of the gas burner 10.
  • An exhaust gas temperature sensor 24 may be assigned to the exhaust flue 25.
  • the controller 20 comprises means for controlling the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture by modulating the gas flow and means for controlling the burner load by modulating the speed of the fan 14.
  • controller 20 comprises means for calibrating the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities on basis of a signal provided by a sensor positioned downstream of the mixing device 23.
  • the calibration of the defined mixing ratio of gas and air of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities as such is known to the person skilled, e.g. from EP 0 833 106 B1 .
  • the calibration as such is preferably performed on basis a signal provided by the ionization sensor 13 positioned downstream the mixing device 23.
  • the controller 20 changes the gas/air mixture and determines a dead time between the change of the gas/air mixture and a corresponding signal change of sensor positioned downstream of the mixing device 23.
  • the sensor which is used to determine the above dead time and the sensor which is used for performing the calibration of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities as such can be the same.
  • the ionization sensor 13 is used to determine the dead time and is further used to perform the calibration as such.
  • the sensor which is used to determine the above dead time and the sensor which is used for performing the calibration of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities as such can be different sensors.
  • the exhaust gas temperature sensor 24 is used to determine the dead time and the ionization sensor 13 is used to perform the calibration as such.
  • Other sensors can be used to determine the above dead time, e.g. CO sensor or O 2 sensor detecting the CO or O 2 content in the exhaust gas.
  • the controller 20 compares the above dead with a reference value stored in the controller 20.
  • the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture is calibrated to different gas qualities only if the determined dead time is equal or smaller than the reference value.
  • the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture is not calibrated to different gas qualities if the determined dead time is greater than the reference value.
  • the decision if the calibration of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities is performed or if this calibration of the gas/air mixture is not performed depends on the above dead time.
  • the calibration of the defined gas/air mixture to different gas qualities as such is independent from the determined dead time.
  • the control of the defined mixing ratio of the defined gas/air mixture by modulating the gas flow and the control of the burner load by modulating the speed of the fan 14 are both independent from the determined dead time.
  • the dead time is compared with a reference value depending on the speed of the fan 14.
  • a blocked exhaust flue 25 is determined when the dead time is equal or larger than the reference value.
  • the reference value which is used in the first aspect of the present application does not depend on the speed of the fan 14.
  • the reference value which is used in the second aspect of the present application depends on the speed of the fan 14.
  • Figure 2 shows a curve in which the relationship of reference value for the dead time ⁇ t and the speed n of the fan 14 are shown.
  • the controller 20 knows the actual speed n of the fan 14 and can determine from this fan speed n the reference value for the dead time ⁇ t. If the dead time is equal or larger than this reference value, the controller 20 detects a blocked exhaust flue 25.
  • the dead time is compared with a first reference value and a second reference value both depending on the speed of the fan 14.
  • a warning signal is generated when the dead time is equal or larger than the first reference value.
  • the burner 10 is turned off when the dead time is equal or larger than the second reference value.
  • the second reference value is larger than the first reference value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasbrenners (10), wobei während Phasen, in welchen der Brenner eingeschaltet ist, einer Brennkammer (11) des Gasbrenners (10) ein definiertes Gas-Luft-Gemisch, das ein definiertes Mischungsverhältnis von Gas und Luft aufweist, bereitgestellt wird zur Verbrennung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs in der Brennkammer (11), wobei das definierte Gas-Luft-Gemisch durch eine Mischvorrichtung (23) bereitgestellt wird, welche einen durch eine Luftleitung (15) bereitgestellten Luftstrom mit einem durch eine Gasleitung (16) bereitgestellten Gasstrom vermischt, wobei ein Gebläse (14) den durch die Luftleitung (15) bereitgestellten Luftstrom und den durch die Gasleitung (16) bereitgestellten Gasstrom ansaugt, wobei das definierte Gas-Luft-Gemisch durch Modulation des Gasstroms geregelt wird, wobei die Brennerlast des Gasbrenners (10) durch Modulation der Geschwindigkeit des Gebläses (14) geregelt wird, und wobei das definierte Mischungsverhältnis von Gas und Luft des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs für verschiedene Gasqualitäten kalibriert wird auf der Grundlage eines Signals, das von einem Sensor (13), welcher der Mischvorrichtung (23) nachgelagert angeordnet ist, bereitgestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor Beginn der Kalibrierung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs das Gas-Luft-Gemisch verändert wird und eine Totzeit zwischen der Veränderung des Gas-Luft-Gemischs und einer Signalveränderung eines Sensors (13, 24), welcher der Mischvorrichtung (23) nachgelagert angeordnet ist, ermittelt wird, und dass die Totzeit mit einem Bezugswert verglichen wird, wobei das definierte Gas-Luft-Gemisch nur dann für verschiedene Gasqualitäten kalibriert wird, falls die ermittelte Totzeit gleich oder kleiner ist als der Bezugswert, wobei nur die Entscheidung, ob die Kalibrierung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs durchgeführt wird, oder ob die Kalibrierung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs nicht durchgeführt wird, von der ermittelten Totzeit abhängt, und wobei weder die Kalibrierung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs an sich, noch die Regelung des Gas-Luft-Gemischs oder die Regelung der Brennerlast von der ermittelten Totzeit abhängen.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das definierte Gas-Luft-Gemisch nicht für verschiedene Gasqualitäten kalibriert wird, falls die ermittelte Totzeit größer ist als der Bezugswert.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (13), welcher zur Durchführung der Kalibrierung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs für verschiedene Gasqualitäten benutzt wird, und der Sensor (13), der zur Ermittlung der Totzeit benutzt wird, ein und derselbe sind.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (13), welcher zur Durchführung der Kalibrierung des definierten Gas-Luft-Gemischs für verschiedene Gasqualitäten benutzt wird, und der Sensor (24), der zur Ermittlung der Totzeit benutzt wird, verschiedene sind.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Totzeit mit einem Bezugswert verglichen wird in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit eines Gebläses (14), welches die Menge des Luftstroms anpasst, wobei eine blockierte Abgasleitung (25) ermittelt wird, wenn die Totzeit gleich oder länger ist als der Bezugswert.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Totzeit mit einem ersten Bezugswert verglichen wird in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit des Gebläses (14), wobei ein Warnsignal erzeugt wird, wenn die Totzeit gleich oder länger ist als der erste Bezugswert.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Totzeit mit einem zweiten Bezugswert verglichen wird in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit des Gebläses (14), wobei der Brenner abgeschaltet wird, wenn die Totzeit gleich oder länger ist als der zweite Bezugswert.
EP12157091.5A 2012-02-27 2012-02-27 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Gasbrenners Active EP2631541B1 (de)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3875855A1 (de) 2020-03-05 2021-09-08 ebm-papst Landshut GmbH Verfahren zur überwachung und regelung eines prozesses einer gastherme

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3043115B1 (de) * 2015-01-12 2018-05-09 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Vormischgasbrenners
DE102015223177A1 (de) * 2015-11-24 2017-05-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizgerätevorrichtung, insbesondere Gas und/oder Ölbrennervorrichtung, und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Heizgerätevorrichtung
EP3228936B1 (de) * 2016-04-07 2020-06-03 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Verfahren zum betrieb eines gasbrennergeräts
EP3477201B1 (de) * 2017-10-26 2020-05-06 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Verfahren zum betrieb eines gasbrennergeräts

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0833106B1 (de) * 1996-09-26 2001-11-14 Honeywell B.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Betriebsoptimierung eines Gasbrenners

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638819A1 (fr) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-11 Vaillant Sarl Procede et un dispositif pour la preparation d'un melange combustible-air destine a une combustion
DE4433425C2 (de) * 1994-09-20 1998-04-30 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Regeleinrichtung zum Einstellen eines Gas-Verbrennungsluft-Gemisches bei einem Gasbrenner
DE19824523C2 (de) 1998-06-02 2000-06-08 Honeywell Bv Regelungsverfahren für Gasbrenner
DE19936696A1 (de) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-08 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Vormischbrenners
DE10030063C2 (de) 2000-06-19 2003-03-20 Honeywell Bv Regelungsverfahren für Gasbrenner
US7255285B2 (en) * 2003-10-31 2007-08-14 Honeywell International Inc. Blocked flue detection methods and systems
DE102010004826A1 (de) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Honeywell Technologies S.A.R.L. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners
DE102010026389B4 (de) 2010-07-07 2012-08-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung einer Verbrennung bei einem Gas- oder Ölbrenner

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0833106B1 (de) * 1996-09-26 2001-11-14 Honeywell B.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Betriebsoptimierung eines Gasbrenners

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3875855A1 (de) 2020-03-05 2021-09-08 ebm-papst Landshut GmbH Verfahren zur überwachung und regelung eines prozesses einer gastherme
DE102020106040A1 (de) 2020-03-05 2021-09-09 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Überwachung und Regelung eines Prozesses einer Gastherme

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