EP2630372B1 - Device for monitoring a pump - Google Patents

Device for monitoring a pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2630372B1
EP2630372B1 EP11758208.0A EP11758208A EP2630372B1 EP 2630372 B1 EP2630372 B1 EP 2630372B1 EP 11758208 A EP11758208 A EP 11758208A EP 2630372 B1 EP2630372 B1 EP 2630372B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
unit
sensor
component
signal
monitoring
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2630372A1 (en
Inventor
Alexander BÖHM
Gerd Ebelt
Stefan Laue
Ursula Kronfeld
Joachim Schullerer
Georg Herzing
Bernd Schramm
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KSB AG
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KSB AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0088Testing machines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18Rotors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps.
  • Centrifugal pumps are used in a variety of systems, where they are sometimes exposed to very harsh conditions.
  • the condition of a centrifugal pump, in particular the impeller, must therefore be closely monitored depending on the application to avoid damage to the centrifugal pump or the entire system.
  • the DE 40 055 03 A1 shows an apparatus for monitoring an impeller by means of a light emitter and an optical probe. This form of monitoring requires stationary centering of the light emitter and sensor on the leading edges of the wings. However, this monitoring method is only suitable for a centrifugal pump, which promotes an optically transparent medium.
  • a vacuum pump with a pump stator and a pump rotor wherein the pump rotor includes a transponder.
  • sensors, a microcontroller and a memory are arranged in the rotor, which are connected to the transponder.
  • a reader arranged in the stator reads the sensor data from the rotor from the transponder.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps, which is applicable for any liquid or solids-laden fluids and independent of electromagnetic boundary conditions.
  • the solution provides a device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps, wherein the signal transmission is acoustic, using sound waves. This allows a simple and secure transmission of signals of a monitored rotating component.
  • liquid and solid sound-conducting media are provided on the transmission path between a first unit, the transmitting unit, and a second unit, the receiver unit.
  • the advantage here is that the sound along a path is feasible and the characteristics of the way are clearly determinable.
  • the phase transitions of sound between solid and liquid media may be taken into account during transmission.
  • a corresponding coding of the signal takes into account losses at the phase transitions.
  • the first unit has a setpoint memory, are stored in the comparison values for the measured sensor signals. Threshold values that are compared with the measured values can be stored in this setpoint memory. If a threshold is reached, a corresponding signal is sent to the receiver unit.
  • Deterioration of the transmitted signal is prevented by selecting the frequency for transmitting information other than frequencies of system noise.
  • System noise is understood to mean all acoustic emissions of the centrifugal pump and the components connected to it.
  • the combination of different components leads to natural frequencies of the system, which depend specifically on the individual configuration of the system. This measure prevents misinterpretations in the analysis of the received signals.
  • a targeted Adjusting the signal makes the transmission insensitive to interference from the above system noise.
  • an acoustic wave sensor for detecting ambient noise is provided in the second unit.
  • the ambient noise can be separated from the transmitted signal, which improves the signal information.
  • the first unit is integrated into a component, in particular if it is cast into the component.
  • the surface of the component thus also protects the transmitting device. Due to the acoustic transmission, it is possible to integrate the first unit in a metallic component, since the acoustic signal transmission in metals works well. It is also possible to integrate the second unit, which includes the receiver in a metallic housing or put on the outside of the housing.
  • the first unit is equipped with a power supply, which in the simplest case is a battery. Generators can also be provided which gain electrical energy from the movement of the component, from vibrations or temperature gradients.
  • the self-sufficient supply of energy to the first unit is particularly important if it is encapsulated encapsulated in the component. In this case, the power supply must be ensured over the lifetime of the component.
  • the sensor of the first unit is designed in one embodiment of the invention for detecting component properties of the centrifugal pump or the system, for example, machine temperature, mechanical pressure or stress or component fracture.
  • component properties of the centrifugal pump or the system for example, machine temperature, mechanical pressure or stress or component fracture.
  • a targeted monitoring of individual components is possible.
  • component fractions are by appropriate fracture sensors, as running through the component Wires are executed, easily detectable, since a break in the wire in case of component break is detected by a simple short circuit of the wire.
  • operating parameters can be detected by a sensor. With the centrifugal pump these are, for example, speed, power requirement or service life. This allows further monitoring of the components whose condition can be highly dependent on these parameters.
  • the senor detects properties of the pumped medium.
  • the viscosity, temperature or concentration of the medium can be determined, which are then evaluated by the microprocessor. Its analysis results are transmitted to the outside world.
  • a method for monitoring components with an aforementioned device in which a query of the at least one sensor takes place in cyclically recurring intervals.
  • the measured sensor data are compared with setpoints from the setpoint memory and when a threshold value is exceeded, a signal is sent to the receiving unit.
  • the receiving unit continuously receives noises and filters specifically for possible transmission noise, namely, the frequencies and pulse shapes that can be generated. If a signal is detected, it is evaluated and either displayed on a display and / or forwarded to a higher-level system control.
  • information is used in the signal evaluation, which takes into account the ambient noise of the centrifugal pump or system. This can reduce errors.
  • the invention further comprises an impeller of a centrifugal pump, which is equipped with the device for component monitoring.
  • This simple and cost-effective device allows contactless monitoring of the impeller, wherein in the contact or wireless signal transmission neither properties of the pumped medium nor electromagnetic influences from the environment of the centrifugal pump must be considered.
  • the impeller is made of a polymer material, in particular of polymer concrete or mineral casting. These materials are cast cold, so that a special protection of the cast-in first unit is not necessary.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps, consisting of a first unit 1, which is fixedly connected to the component to be monitored.
  • a first unit 1 which is fixedly connected to the component to be monitored.
  • the first unit directly into the component. This is useful, for example, if the component consists of a cast material which can be cast at low temperatures, for example a polymer material, in particular polymer concrete or mineral casting.
  • the fully configured, self-sufficient and wirelessly designed first unit is poured, for example, in a centrifugal pump impeller.
  • the component itself is not shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • the first unit 1 comprises a sensor 2 for detecting component properties, which is connected to the sensor unit 3 with the first unit 1. It is also possible to connect a plurality of sensors 2 to the first unit 1. As sensors 2 come For example, temperature, pressure and / or material sensors or others into consideration.
  • sensors 2 come For example, temperature, pressure and / or material sensors or others into consideration.
  • a fracture sensor is indicated, which consists of at least one wire which extends through fracture-prone areas of the component. If the component forms a crack at a point through which the wire passes, the wire will break as the crack progresses and the electrical conduction along this wire will be interrupted. In this way it is easier to detect cracks in the component. In the case of several wires connected in parallel, a progression of cracking can also be observed.
  • a microprocessor 4 for analyzing sensor signals directly evaluates the data recorded by the sensor 2 and forwards the analysis result to a transmitting unit 5 for transmission to a receiver spatially separated from the monitored component.
  • the frequency of the sensor query depends on the probability of an expected event. It significantly influences the energy requirement. A low check frequency will result in long battery life and will be further improved if the system is put into sleep mode or paused during the pauses between two polls.
  • the component monitoring by the acoustic data transmission according to the invention represents the safest and most cost-effective variant within the structure used.
  • the signal 8 can be embodied as an acoustic message telegram which can contain different frequencies, pulse sequences or combinations thereof. By repeating the same signal, transmission errors can be avoided.
  • the design of the sound generator, which forms the transmission unit 5 in this embodiment depends strongly on the information to be transmitted, the frequencies used and the surrounding medium to be conveyed, since this must be run through by the signal 8. It should be noted that the signal in an embedded first unit must first leave the component, with a transition between the solid component and the liquid or solid-laden fluid takes place.
  • a transition of the signal takes place when the second unit is also integrated into a fixed component, for example in a housing, or when the second unit is mounted on the outside of a housing, within the acoustic range.
  • a source for power supply 6 is also housed on the first unit 1.
  • a battery as well as a device that can gain energy from the movement of the rotating impeller or temperature distributions in the impeller.
  • the FIG. 1 further shows a second unit 9 equipped with a receiver unit 10.
  • a receiver unit 10 This is installed in use with a centrifugal pump in or on the pump housing. Depending on the load of the pumped medium, the receiver unit must be provided with protection. As with the first unit 1, it may be advisable to pour the second unit 9 directly into the pump housing.
  • the receiver 10 is tuned to the transmitter 5 with respect to its detectable frequency range.
  • the detected signals are fed to an evaluation unit 11.
  • the evaluation result can be displayed in the embodiment shown directly on the pump, for which a corresponding display means 12 is provided.
  • the display can be acoustic or optical. Alternatively, it is possible to forward the evaluation result to a higher-level system control, for which purpose the connection 13 is provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Überwachung von rotierenden Bauteilen bei Kreiselpumpen oder Anlagen, die Kreiselpumpen umfassen.The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps.

Kreiselpumpen werden in einer Vielzahl von Anlagen eingesetzt, wo sie mitunter sehr rauen Bedingungen ausgesetzt sind. Der Zustand einer Kreiselpumpe, insbesondere des Laufrades, muss deshalb in Abhängigkeit von der Anwendung genau überwacht werden um eine Beschädigung der Kreiselpumpe oder der gesamten Anlage zu vermeiden.Centrifugal pumps are used in a variety of systems, where they are sometimes exposed to very harsh conditions. The condition of a centrifugal pump, in particular the impeller, must therefore be closely monitored depending on the application to avoid damage to the centrifugal pump or the entire system.

Die DE 40 055 03 A1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Laufrades mittels eines Lichtsenders und einer optischen Sonde. Diese Form der Überwachung erfordert eine stationäre Zentrierung von Lichtsender und Sensor auf die Vorderkanten der Flügel. Allerdings eignet sich diese Überwachungsmethode nur für eine Kreiselpumpe, die ein optisch durchsichtiges Medium fördert.The DE 40 055 03 A1 shows an apparatus for monitoring an impeller by means of a light emitter and an optical probe. This form of monitoring requires stationary centering of the light emitter and sensor on the leading edges of the wings. However, this monitoring method is only suitable for a centrifugal pump, which promotes an optically transparent medium.

Durch die DE 10 2008 019 472 A1 ist eine Vakuumpumpe mit einem Pumpenstator und einem Pumpenrotor bekannt, wobei der Pumpenrotor einen Transponder enthält. Zusätzlich sind im Rotor Sensoren, ein Mikrokontroller und ein Speicher angeordnet, die mit dem Transponder verbunden sind. Ein im Stator angeordneter Reader liest aus dem Transponder die Sensordaten vom Rotor aus. Diese Überwachungsart stellt sehr hohe Anforderungen an die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit der Vakuumpumpe.By the DE 10 2008 019 472 A1 a vacuum pump with a pump stator and a pump rotor is known, wherein the pump rotor includes a transponder. In addition, sensors, a microcontroller and a memory are arranged in the rotor, which are connected to the transponder. A reader arranged in the stator reads the sensor data from the rotor from the transponder. This type of monitoring places very high demands on the electromagnetic compatibility of the vacuum pump.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von rotierenden Bauteilen bei Kreiselpumpen oder Anlagen, die Kreiselpumpen umfassen zu schaffen, die für beliebige flüssige oder feststoffbeladene Fördermedien anwendbar und unabhängig von elektromagnetischen Randbedingungen ist.The object of the invention is to provide a device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps, which is applicable for any liquid or solids-laden fluids and independent of electromagnetic boundary conditions.

Die Lösung sieht eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von rotierenden Bauteilen bei Kreiselpumpen oder Anlagen, die Kreiselpumpen umfassen vor, wobei die Signalübertragung akustisch, mithilfe von Schallwellen erfolgt. Dies ermöglicht eine einfache und sichere Übertragung von Signalen eines überwachten rotierenden Bauteils.The solution provides a device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps, wherein the signal transmission is acoustic, using sound waves. This allows a simple and secure transmission of signals of a monitored rotating component.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind auf der Übertragungsstrecke zwischen einer ersten Einheit, der Sendeeinheit, und einer zweiten Einheit, der Empfängereinheit, flüssige und feste schallleitende Medien vorgesehen. Von Vorteil ist dabei, dass der Schall entlang eines Weges führbar ist und die Eigenschaften des Weges klar bestimmbar sind. Die Phasenübergänge vom Schall zwischen festen und flüssigen Medien können bei der Übertragung berücksichtigt werden. Eine entsprechende Kodierung des Signals berücksichtigt Verluste an den Phasenübergängen.In one embodiment of the invention, liquid and solid sound-conducting media are provided on the transmission path between a first unit, the transmitting unit, and a second unit, the receiver unit. The advantage here is that the sound along a path is feasible and the characteristics of the way are clearly determinable. The phase transitions of sound between solid and liquid media may be taken into account during transmission. A corresponding coding of the signal takes into account losses at the phase transitions.

Einen weiteren Vorteil erzielt man, indem die erste Einheit über einen Sollwertspeicher verfügt, in dem Vergleichswerte für die gemessenen Sensorsignale hinterlegt sind. In diesem Sollwertspeicher lassen sich Schwellenwerte hinterlegen, die mit den Messwerten verglichen werden. Wird ein Schwellenwert erreicht, so wird ein entsprechendes Signal an die Empfängereinheit gesendet.Another advantage is achieved by the first unit has a setpoint memory, are stored in the comparison values for the measured sensor signals. Threshold values that are compared with the measured values can be stored in this setpoint memory. If a threshold is reached, a corresponding signal is sent to the receiver unit.

Eine Verschlechterung des übertragenen Signals wird verhindert, indem die Frequenz zur Informationsübertragung abweichend von Frequenzen von Systemgeräuschen gewählt ist. Als Systemgeräusche sind alle akustischen Emissionen der Kreiselpumpe und der mit ihr verbundenen Bauteile zu verstehen. Insbesondere die Kombination von unterschiedlichen Bauteilen führt zu Eigenfrequenzen des Systems, die spezifisch von der individuellen Konfiguration der Anlage abhängen. Durch diese Maßnahme werden Fehlinterpretationen bei der Analyse der empfangenen Signale verhindert. Bei einer gezielten Anpassung des Signals wird die Übertragung unempfindlich gegenüber Störungen durch oben genannte Systemgeräusche.Deterioration of the transmitted signal is prevented by selecting the frequency for transmitting information other than frequencies of system noise. System noise is understood to mean all acoustic emissions of the centrifugal pump and the components connected to it. In particular, the combination of different components leads to natural frequencies of the system, which depend specifically on the individual configuration of the system. This measure prevents misinterpretations in the analysis of the received signals. In a targeted Adjusting the signal makes the transmission insensitive to interference from the above system noise.

Um Umgebungsgeräusche, also akustische Einflüsse auf die Kreiselpumpe oder die Anlage, die von außen eingetragen werden, von den akustisch übertragenen Signalen unterscheiden zu können, ist bei der zweiten Einheit ein Schallwellensensor zur Ermittlung von Umgebungsgeräuschen vorgesehen. Mithilfe eines geeigneten Filters lassen sich die Umgebungsgeräusche vom übertragenen Signal trennen, wodurch die Signalinformation verbessert wird.To be able to distinguish ambient noise, ie acoustic influences on the centrifugal pump or the system, which are registered from the outside, from the acoustically transmitted signals, an acoustic wave sensor for detecting ambient noise is provided in the second unit. Using a suitable filter, the ambient noise can be separated from the transmitted signal, which improves the signal information.

Der Einsatz einer Sendeeinrichtung, die fest mit dem Kreiselpumpenlaufrad verbunden ist, findet häufig in einer für elektronische Komponenten sehr rauen Umgebung statt. Deshalb ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die erste Einheit in ein Bauteil integriert ist, insbesondere, wenn sie in das Bauteil eingegossen ist. Die Oberfläche des Bauteils schützt somit zugleich die Sendeeinrichtung. Aufgrund der akustischen Übertragung ist es möglich, die erste Einheit in ein metallisches Bauteil zu integrieren, da die akustische Signalübertragung in Metallen hervorragend funktioniert. Ebenso ist es möglich die zweite Einheit, die den Empfänger umfasst in ein metallisches Gehäuse zu integrieren oder von außen auf das Gehäuse aufzusetzen.The use of a transmitting device, which is firmly connected to the centrifugal pump impeller, often takes place in a very rough environment for electronic components. Therefore, it is advantageous if the first unit is integrated into a component, in particular if it is cast into the component. The surface of the component thus also protects the transmitting device. Due to the acoustic transmission, it is possible to integrate the first unit in a metallic component, since the acoustic signal transmission in metals works well. It is also possible to integrate the second unit, which includes the receiver in a metallic housing or put on the outside of the housing.

Die erste Einheit ist mit einer Energieversorgung ausgestattet, wobei es sich hier im einfachsten Fall um eine Batterie handelt. Es können auch Generatoren vorgesehen sein, die aus der Bewegung des Bauteils, aus Vibrationen oder Temperaturgradienten elektrische Energie gewinnen. Die autarke Versorgung der ersten Einheit mit Energie ist insbesondere dann wesentlich, wenn diese gekapselt in das Bauteil eingebettet ist. Die Energieversorgung ist in diesem Fall über die Lebensdauer des Bauteils zu sichern.The first unit is equipped with a power supply, which in the simplest case is a battery. Generators can also be provided which gain electrical energy from the movement of the component, from vibrations or temperature gradients. The self-sufficient supply of energy to the first unit is particularly important if it is encapsulated encapsulated in the component. In this case, the power supply must be ensured over the lifetime of the component.

Der Sensor der ersten Einheit ist in einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung dafür ausgelegt, Bauteileigenschaften der Kreiselpumpe oder der Anlage zu erfassen, beispielsweise Maschinentemperatur, mechanischer Druck bzw. Spannung oder Bauteilbruch. Hierdurch ist eine gezielte Überwachung einzelner Bauteile möglich. Besonders Bauteilbrüche sind durch entsprechende Bruchsensoren, die als durch das Bauteil verlaufende Drähte ausgeführt sind, auf einfache Art feststellbar, da eine Unterbrechung des Drahtes bei Bauteilbruch durch einen einfachen Kurzschluss des Drahtes feststellbar ist. Außerdem können durch einen Sensor Betriebsparameter erfasst werden. Bei der Kreiselpumpe sind diese beispielsweise Drehzahl, Leistungsbedarf oder Einsatzdauer. Dies ermöglicht eine weitere Überwachung der Bauteile, deren Zustand stark von diesen Parametern abhängig sein kann.The sensor of the first unit is designed in one embodiment of the invention for detecting component properties of the centrifugal pump or the system, for example, machine temperature, mechanical pressure or stress or component fracture. As a result, a targeted monitoring of individual components is possible. Especially component fractions are by appropriate fracture sensors, as running through the component Wires are executed, easily detectable, since a break in the wire in case of component break is detected by a simple short circuit of the wire. In addition, operating parameters can be detected by a sensor. With the centrifugal pump these are, for example, speed, power requirement or service life. This allows further monitoring of the components whose condition can be highly dependent on these parameters.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, dass der Sensor Eigenschaften des Fördermediums erfasst. Hierbei kann beispielsweise die Viskosität, Temperatur oder Konzentration des Mediums festgestellt werden, die dann von dem Mikroprozessor ausgewertet werden. Dessen Analyseergebnisse werden nach Außen übertragen.In a further embodiment, it is possible that the sensor detects properties of the pumped medium. In this case, for example, the viscosity, temperature or concentration of the medium can be determined, which are then evaluated by the microprocessor. Its analysis results are transmitted to the outside world.

Es soll des Weiteren ein Verfahren zur Überwachung von Bauteilen mit einer vorgenannten Vorrichtung beschrieben werden, bei dem eine Abfrage des mindestens einen Sensors in zyklisch wiederkehrenden Abständen erfolgt. Die gemessenen Sensordaten werden mit Sollwerten aus dem Sollwertspeicher verglichen und bei Überschreiten eines Schwellenwertes wird ein Signal an die Empfangseinheit gesendet. Alternativ ist es möglich, dauerhaft ein Signal zu senden, wodurch die Funktionalität der Sendeeinrichtung feststellbar ist. Im Fall, dass ein Schwellenwert überschritten wird, wird kein Signal mehr gesendet, womit eine Störung angezeigt wird, die eine Überprüfung der Kreiselpumpe oder der Anlage erforderlich macht.Furthermore, a method for monitoring components with an aforementioned device is to be described in which a query of the at least one sensor takes place in cyclically recurring intervals. The measured sensor data are compared with setpoints from the setpoint memory and when a threshold value is exceeded, a signal is sent to the receiving unit. Alternatively, it is possible to permanently transmit a signal, whereby the functionality of the transmitting device can be determined. In the event that a threshold is exceeded, no signal is sent, indicating a fault that requires a check on the centrifugal pump or plant.

Die Empfangseinheit empfängt fortlaufend Geräusche und filtert gezielt nach eventuellen Sendegeräuschen, nämlich gebbaren Frequenzen und Pulsformen. Wird ein Signal festgestellt, so wird dieses ausgewertet und entweder auf einer Anzeige angezeigt und/oder an eine übergeordnete Anlagensteuerung weitergeleitet.The receiving unit continuously receives noises and filters specifically for possible transmission noise, namely, the frequencies and pulse shapes that can be generated. If a signal is detected, it is evaluated and either displayed on a display and / or forwarded to a higher-level system control.

Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird bei der Signalauswertung eine Information verwendet, die die Umgebungsgeräusche der Kreiselpumpe oder Anlage berücksichtigt. Hierdurch können Fehler reduziert werden.In a further embodiment of the method, information is used in the signal evaluation, which takes into account the ambient noise of the centrifugal pump or system. This can reduce errors.

Die Erfindung umfasst weiter ein Laufrad einer Kreiselpumpe, das mit der Vorrichtung zur Bauteilüberwachung ausgestattet ist. Diese einfache und kostengünstige Vorrichtung ermöglicht eine kontaktlose Überwachung des Laufrades, wobei bei der kontaktoder drahtlosen Signalübertragung weder Eigenschaften des Fördermediums noch elektromagnetische Einflüsse aus der Umgebung der Kreiselpumpe berücksichtigt werden müssen.The invention further comprises an impeller of a centrifugal pump, which is equipped with the device for component monitoring. This simple and cost-effective device allows contactless monitoring of the impeller, wherein in the contact or wireless signal transmission neither properties of the pumped medium nor electromagnetic influences from the environment of the centrifugal pump must be considered.

Für eine Integration der Vorrichtung zur Bauteilüberwachung in ein Laufrad eignet es sich besonders, wenn das Laufrad aus einem Polymerwerkstoff hergestellt ist, insbesondere aus Polymerbeton oder Mineralguss. Diese Werkstoffe werden kalt gegossen, so dass ein besonderer Schutz der eingegossenen ersten Einheit nicht notwendig ist.For integration of the device for component monitoring in an impeller, it is particularly suitable if the impeller is made of a polymer material, in particular of polymer concrete or mineral casting. These materials are cast cold, so that a special protection of the cast-in first unit is not necessary.

Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus der Kombination der bisher dargestellten und sind deshalb hier nicht weiter ausgeführt.Further embodiments result from the combination of the previously shown and are therefore not further elaborated here.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von rotierenden Bauteilen bei Kreiselpumpen oder Anlagen, die Kreiselpumpen umfassen, bestehend aus einer ersten Einheit 1, die fest mit dem zu überwachenden Bauteil verbunden ist. Neben einer Anordnung in direkter Nachbarschaft zum Bauteil gibt es die Möglichkeit, die erste Einheit direkt in das Bauteil einzuarbeiten. Dies bietet sich beispielsweise an, wenn das Bauteil aus einem Gussmaterial besteht, das bei geringen Temperaturen gegossen werden kann, beispielsweise einem Polymerwerkstoff, insbesondere Polymerbeton oder Mineralguss. Dazu wird die fertig konfigurierte, autarke und kabellos ausgelegte erste Einheit beispielsweise in ein Kreiselpumpenlaufrad eingegossen. Das Bauteil selbst ist zur vereinfachten Darstellung nicht abgebildet.The FIG. 1 shows a device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems comprising centrifugal pumps, consisting of a first unit 1, which is fixedly connected to the component to be monitored. In addition to an arrangement in the direct vicinity of the component, it is possible to work the first unit directly into the component. This is useful, for example, if the component consists of a cast material which can be cast at low temperatures, for example a polymer material, in particular polymer concrete or mineral casting. For this purpose, the fully configured, self-sufficient and wirelessly designed first unit is poured, for example, in a centrifugal pump impeller. The component itself is not shown for the sake of simplicity.

Die erste Einheit 1 umfasst einen Sensor 2 zur Erfassung von Bauteileigenschaften, der an einem Sensoranschluss 3 mit der ersten Einheit 1 verbunden ist. Auch ist es möglich mehrere Sensoren 2 mit der ersten Einheit 1 zu verbinden. Als Sensoren 2 kommen beispielsweise Temperatur-, Druck- und/oder Stoffsensoren oder andere in Betracht. In der Figur ist ein Bruchsensor angedeutet, der aus mindestens einem Draht besteht, der durch bruchgefährdete Bereiche des Bauteils verläuft. Bildet sich am Bauteil ein Riss an einer Stelle, durch die der Draht verläuft, so wird der Draht bei fortschreitendem Riss reißen und die elektrische Leitung entlang dieses Drahtes unterbrochen. Auf diese Weise lassen sich einfacher Weise im Bauteil Risse detektieren. Bei mehreren parallel geschalteten Drähten kann zudem ein Fortschreiten der Rissbildung beobachtet werden.The first unit 1 comprises a sensor 2 for detecting component properties, which is connected to the sensor unit 3 with the first unit 1. It is also possible to connect a plurality of sensors 2 to the first unit 1. As sensors 2 come For example, temperature, pressure and / or material sensors or others into consideration. In the figure, a fracture sensor is indicated, which consists of at least one wire which extends through fracture-prone areas of the component. If the component forms a crack at a point through which the wire passes, the wire will break as the crack progresses and the electrical conduction along this wire will be interrupted. In this way it is easier to detect cracks in the component. In the case of several wires connected in parallel, a progression of cracking can also be observed.

Eine Mikroprozessor 4 zur Analyse von Sensorsignalen wertet die vom Sensor 2 aufgenommenen Daten direkt aus und leitet das Analyseergebnis an eine Sendeeinheit 5 zur Übertragung an einen vom überwachten Bauteil räumlich getrennten Empfänger weiter. Die Häufigkeit der Sensorabfrage hängt von der Wahrscheinlichkeit eines zu erwartenden Ereignisses ab. Sie beeinflusst wesentlich den Energiebedarf. Eine geringe Überprüfungsfrequenz führt zu langen Batterielebensdauern und wird weiter verbessert, wenn das System in den Pausen zwischen zwei Abfragen in einen Energiesparmodus überführt oder abgeschaltet wird.A microprocessor 4 for analyzing sensor signals directly evaluates the data recorded by the sensor 2 and forwards the analysis result to a transmitting unit 5 for transmission to a receiver spatially separated from the monitored component. The frequency of the sensor query depends on the probability of an expected event. It significantly influences the energy requirement. A low check frequency will result in long battery life and will be further improved if the system is put into sleep mode or paused during the pauses between two polls.

Die erfindungsgemäße Bauteilüberwachung durch die akustische Datenübertragung stellt die innerhalb des verwendeten Aufbaus sicherste und kostengünstigste Variante dar. Das Signal 8 kann als ein akustisches Nachrichtentelegramm ausgebildet sein, das verschiedene Frequenzen, Pulsfolgen oder Kombinationen daraus enthalten kann. Durch eine Wiederholung desselben Signals können Fehlübertragungen vermieden werden. Die Ausführung des Schallerzeugers, der in dieser Ausführung die Sendeeinheit 5 bildet, hängt stark von der zu übertragenden Information, den verwendeten Frequenzen und dem umgebenden Fördermedium ab, da dieses vom Signal 8 durchlaufen werden muss. Hierbei ist zu beachten, dass das Signal bei einer eingebetteten ersten Einheit zunächst das Bauteil verlassen muss, wobei ein Übergang zwischen dem festen Bauteil und dem flüssigen oder feststoffbehafteten Fördermedium stattfindet. Ein weiterer Übergang des Signals findet statt, wenn die zweite Einheit ebenfalls in ein festes Bauteil integriert ist, beispielsweise in ein Gehäuse, oder wenn die zweite Einheit auf der Außenseite eines Gehäuses, innerhalb der akustischen Reichweite, angebracht ist. Auf der ersten Einheit 1 ist außerdem eine Quelle zur Energieversorgung 6 untergebracht. Hierfür eignet sich eine Batterie ebenso wie eine Vorrichtung, die aus der Bewegung des rotierenden Laufrades oder aus Temperaturverteilungen im Laufrad Energie gewinnen kann.The component monitoring by the acoustic data transmission according to the invention represents the safest and most cost-effective variant within the structure used. The signal 8 can be embodied as an acoustic message telegram which can contain different frequencies, pulse sequences or combinations thereof. By repeating the same signal, transmission errors can be avoided. The design of the sound generator, which forms the transmission unit 5 in this embodiment, depends strongly on the information to be transmitted, the frequencies used and the surrounding medium to be conveyed, since this must be run through by the signal 8. It should be noted that the signal in an embedded first unit must first leave the component, with a transition between the solid component and the liquid or solid-laden fluid takes place. Another transition of the signal takes place when the second unit is also integrated into a fixed component, for example in a housing, or when the second unit is mounted on the outside of a housing, within the acoustic range. On the first unit 1, a source for power supply 6 is also housed. For this purpose, a battery as well as a device that can gain energy from the movement of the rotating impeller or temperature distributions in the impeller.

Die Figur 1 zeigt weiter eine zweite Einheit 9, die mit einer Empfängereinheit 10 ausgestattet ist. Diese wird im Einsatz bei einer Kreiselpumpe im oder am Pumpengehäuse angebracht. Je nach Belastung durch das Fördermedium ist die Empfängereinheit mit einem Schutz zu versehen. Wie bei der ersten Einheit 1 kann es sich anbieten, die zweite Einheit 9 direkt in das Pumpengehäuse einzugießen. Der Empfänger 10 ist bezüglich seines erfassbaren Frequenzbereichs auf den Sender 5 abgestimmt. Die erfassten Signale werden einer Auswerteeinheit 11 zugeleitet. Das Auswerteergebnis lässt sich in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel direkt an der Pumpe anzeigen, wofür ein entsprechendes Anzeigemittel 12 vorgesehen ist. Die Anzeige kann akustisch oder optisch erfolgen. Alternativ besteht die Möglichkeit, das Auswerteergebnis an eine übergeordnete Anlagensteuerung weiterzuleiten, wofür der Anschluss 13 vorgesehen ist.The FIG. 1 further shows a second unit 9 equipped with a receiver unit 10. This is installed in use with a centrifugal pump in or on the pump housing. Depending on the load of the pumped medium, the receiver unit must be provided with protection. As with the first unit 1, it may be advisable to pour the second unit 9 directly into the pump housing. The receiver 10 is tuned to the transmitter 5 with respect to its detectable frequency range. The detected signals are fed to an evaluation unit 11. The evaluation result can be displayed in the embodiment shown directly on the pump, for which a corresponding display means 12 is provided. The display can be acoustic or optical. Alternatively, it is possible to forward the evaluation result to a higher-level system control, for which purpose the connection 13 is provided.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Erste EinheitFirst unit
22
Sensorsensor
33
Sensoranschlusssensor connection
44
Mikroprozessormicroprocessor
55
Sendeeinheittransmission unit
66
Energieversorgungpower supply
77
Übertragungsstrecketransmission path
88th
Signalsignal
99
Zweite EinheitSecond unit
1010
Empfängerreceiver
1111
Auswerteeinheitevaluation
1212
Anzeigedisplay
1313
Anschlussconnection

Claims (15)

  1. Device for monitoring rotating components in centrifugal pumps or systems which comprise centrifugal pumps, composed of a first unit (1) which is permanently connected to the component to be monitored, comprising a source for supplying energy (6), at least one sensor (2), a microprocessor (4), a transmitting unit (5) for transmitting a signal (8) to a receiver which is spatially separate from the monitored component, and a second unit (9) comprising a receiver unit (10), a means (11) for evaluating the transmitted signal (8) and means (12) for representing and/or passing on (13) a sensed component property,
    characterized in that
    the signal (8) is transmitted acoustically by means of sound waves.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that liquid and solid sound-conducting media are provided on a transmission link (7) between the transmitting unit (5) and the receiver unit (10).
  3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the evaluation unit (4) of the first unit (1) contains a setpoint value memory.
  4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the frequency and phase position of the transmission of information is different from frequencies of system noise.
  5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a soundwave sensor for sensing ambient noise is provided on the second unit (9).
  6. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the first unit (1) is integrated, in particular cast, into a component.
  7. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the first unit (1) has an energy supply (6).
  8. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the sensor (2) senses operating parameters of the centrifugal pump or of the system.
  9. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the sensor (2) senses component properties of the centrifugal pump or of the system.
  10. Device according to Claim 9, wherein the sensor (2) is a fracture sensor.
  11. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the sensor (2) senses properties of the delivery medium.
  12. Method for monitoring rotating components having a device according to Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that an interrogation of the at least one sensor (2) takes place at cyclically recurring intervals, wherein the sensor data is compared with setpoint values from the setpoint value memory and when a threshold value is exceeded a signal (8) is transmitted to the receiving unit (10), wherein the receiving unit (10) evaluates the signal (8) and either displays it on a display (12) and/or passes it on to a superordinate system controller.
  13. Method for monitoring components having a device according to Claim 12, characterized in that for the evaluation of signals an information item is used which takes into account the ambient noise of the centrifugal pump or system.
  14. Impeller wheel of a centrifugal pump, characterized in that it is equipped with a monitoring device according to Claims 1 to 11.
  15. Impeller wheel according to Claim 14, characterized in that it is manufactured from a polymer material, in particular polymer concrete.
EP11758208.0A 2010-10-22 2011-09-21 Device for monitoring a pump Active EP2630372B1 (en)

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PL11758208T PL2630372T3 (en) 2010-10-22 2011-09-21 Device for monitoring a pump

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DE102010049138A DE102010049138A1 (en) 2010-10-22 2010-10-22 Device for pump monitoring
PCT/EP2011/066396 WO2012052246A1 (en) 2010-10-22 2011-09-21 Device for monitoring a pump

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EP2630372A1 EP2630372A1 (en) 2013-08-28
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CN (1) CN103249952B (en)
BR (1) BR112013009576B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102010049138A1 (en)
DK (1) DK2630372T3 (en)
MX (1) MX2013004444A (en)
PL (1) PL2630372T3 (en)
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BR112013009576A8 (en) 2018-07-31
BR112013009576B1 (en) 2021-06-29
DK2630372T3 (en) 2016-02-22
US20130230381A1 (en) 2013-09-05
MX2013004444A (en) 2013-07-29
CN103249952B (en) 2016-01-20
DE102010049138A1 (en) 2012-04-26
EP2630372A1 (en) 2013-08-28
RU2559104C2 (en) 2015-08-10
CN103249952A (en) 2013-08-14
PL2630372T3 (en) 2016-05-31
RU2013123455A (en) 2014-11-27
BR112013009576A2 (en) 2016-07-12
WO2012052246A1 (en) 2012-04-26

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