DE102006004253A1 - Device for monitoring machine elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for monitoring machine elements, in particular for bearing elements, with at least one sensor device (6) which is arranged on a movable machine element (2), checks at least one physical property of this movable machine element (2) and one for this physical property outputs characteristic value, and a transmitting device (11) which is arranged on the movable machine element (2) and outputs the characteristic value to a receiving device (8).

Description

Territory of invention

The The present invention relates to a device and a Method for monitoring Machine elements. The invention will be described with reference to a Cam roller drive shown. It is noted, however, that the invention also in other machine elements such as rolling bearing units and the like can be applied.

at oil drilling be for the transport of the rinsing liquid Sludge pumps used. These work according to the axial piston principle. The piston stroke is over produces a cam disk by one mounted in a fork Rolls off the cam roller on the cam disc. The fork is with one linearly guided Connected piston rod.

A high flow rate and a high delivery pressure cause high speeds and this results in high forces the machine elements. These forces can for example as a result of vibrations to the failure of these elements to lead. From central to the function of the pump is the undisturbed running of the cam rollers the cam disk. Slippage or stoppage of the cam roller leads to rapid Temperature rise in the contact point and thus increased wear. Beside it exists at elevated Temperature explosion hazard, since the lubrication of the kinematic Elements including oil mist he follows.

Of the The present invention is therefore based on the object, the danger a failure of the pump or generally of the relevant machine element to prevent and in particular the respective affected machine element to monitor. Out The prior art, for example, it is known machine parts to monitor their vibrations. Through this monitoring However, is not safe slip or standstill detection of the role possible.

The inventive task gets through the objects the claims 1 and 14 solved. advantageous embodiments and further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

A inventive device for monitoring of machine elements, in particular for bearing elements, has at least a sensor device mounted on a movable machine element is arranged and at least one physical property of this checked moving machine element. Besides the sensor device gives at least one for the physical property characteristic value. Furthermore, on the moving machine element a transmitting device is provided which has the characteristic value to a receiving device outputs.

The Receiving device is preferably not on the moving Machine element arranged.

in principle the physical property may be properties such as the speed, the vibration behavior, any torsional behavior or the temperature of the machine element act. Preferably this is the physical property of the machine element around the temperature of at least a portion of the machine element. By monitoring The temperature of the machine element, it is possible to determine impermissible temperature increases and to deliver them to a user. This can react accordingly and a check of the moving machine element or of the driving element.

Preferably transmitted the transmitting device the characteristic value wirelessly. As the machine element is movable and in the case of a cam roller both a rotary motion as well as executing a linear motion, it makes sense the respective Wirelessly transmit temperature values. there are optical between the transmitting device and the receiving device Connections such as infrared connections, wireless connections, acoustic connections and the like conceivable.

By the device according to the invention can the cam roller with respect their temperature and the rotational movement are monitored.

at a further preferred embodiment the device has an energy generating device for supply at least the sensor device. Since the cam roller rotates, can the required energy, for example, electrodynamically on the Cam roller can be generated. It would be but also possible Batteries or similar Power supply devices on the moving element to disposal to deliver.

at a further preferred embodiment the energy generating device has at least one inductive one Element on. Particularly advantageous are a variety of magnets or magnetic elements provided by means of induction Generate voltage or a voltage pulse which is for operation the sensor device and preferably also the transmitting device can be used.

Particularly advantageous, the energy generating device has a plurality of magnets on which a coil unit is passed.

at a further advantageous embodiment, the device a speed detection device. Through this speed detection device the rotation of the moving element can be monitored. In this way can, for example, by a downstream evaluation, a possible Slip detected during the rolling motion or a blockage of the role become. Therefore it can be checked whether the cam rollers on the cam plate run undisturbed.

In order to For example, to avoid pump stoppages in Consequence of wear or Danger of explosion in consequence to high temperatures at the camshaft monitors the temperature and rotation of the roller and evaluated for alarm purposes.

There the roller rotates at a speed of up to 14 Hz and thereby linearly shifted (with a stroke of 30 mm at approx. 3 Hz) offers in particular a radio-based measuring and transmission device at. Particularly advantageous are radio sensors with a low Energy requirement selected, wherein advantageously these sensors, as mentioned above, with the energy from the turning process itself can be supplied.

Especially Preferably, the power generation device is the same time Speed detection device or has such. This means, that the speed information preferably from the voltage curve the power generating device is obtained. Generally speaking be in this embodiment at least some of the components of the power generation device also used by the speed detection device.

at a further preferred embodiment the device has an energy storage device. there For example, it may be a capacitor or the like act. The reason for the presence of the energy storage device is that in this way, even at a standstill of the movable element at least briefly a transmission of temperature values to the receiving device is possible.

at a further preferred embodiment the device has a generation device for an identification signal on. This identification signal is advantageously along with the characteristic value like the temperature value output. That way you can in a receiving device different transmitting devices distinguished from each other and thus identified. Also is it through the transmission an identification signal possible, to differentiate the signals of several temperature sensors.

at a further preferred embodiment a variety of temperature sensors is provided, with the individual Temperature sensors preferably substantially uniformly in the circumferential direction of the movable machine element are distributed.

The critical temperature increases occur especially in the touch areas the cam roller with the cam on. Therefore, it is beneficial to the respective temperature sensors as possible far outside to be arranged on the cam roller. By the arrangement of a variety of temperature sensors in the circumferential direction of the cam roller, the Temperature at the outer circumference be determined relatively accurately.

there Is it possible, output the values of all temperature sensors separately. It may, however, be off the individual temperature values are calculated and output a mean value become.

The Invention is further to a cam roller drive with a Device of the kind shown above.

The Invention is further to a bearing and in particular a rolling bearing directed with a device of the type described above.

Finally is The present invention relates to a method for checking machine elements directed, wherein in a first process step, the temperature at least a portion of a movable machine element by means of a arranged on the movable machine element Sensor device is detected. In a further process step will be a for this physical property is characteristic value to a Transmitting device output and the value wirelessly from the transmitting device transmitted to a receiving device. In this characteristic value or a characteristic Signal can be a digital signal, a voltage value or act like that.

Prefers In addition to the temperature of the machine element and the speed of the machine element detected.

Advantageously, at least the sensor device and particularly advantageously also the transmitting device is supplied with electrical energy by the movement of the movable machine element, wherein this energy ver is particularly advantageous power supply is inductive.

Further Advantages and embodiments The present invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings.

In this demonstrate:

1 a cam roller drive with a device according to the invention;

2 a block diagram of a transmitting device according to the invention;

3 a block diagram of a power generating device according to the invention; and

4 a partial perspective view of a device according to the invention.

1 shows an inventive device for monitoring machine elements, shown on a cam roller drive.

This is a cam roller 2 from a cam disc 1 driven. More precisely, the cam disk causes 1 that is the cam roller 2 on the one hand counterclockwise rotates (along the arrow P1) and on the other hand is by the slope 1a a lifting movement of a fork 3 is effected in the direction of the arrow P2.

On the fork 3 is a piston rod 4 attached to a pump cylinder (not shown). Due to the cam contour, the fork and thus also the cam roller and the pump cylinder execute a stroke movement.

The cam roller 2 forms the outer ring of a rolling bearing. The reference number 21 refers to a bearing cage for guiding the rolling elements 22 ; reference numeral 23 denotes the inner ring.

As mentioned above, it is desirable to control the temperature of the cam roller 2 and in particular on its outer periphery, on which it with the cam surfaces 1a comes in contact, check. For this purpose, a plurality of temperature sensors are on the cam roller 6 arranged. These temperature sensors are at a transmitting device 5 for example, connected individually or in series. The individual temperature sensors 6 detect the temperature of the cam roller 2 in the vicinity of the contact surface with the cam disk 1 and may be arranged directly on the roller side surface of the cam rollers or in suitable blind holes in the side surface. Advantageously, the temperature sensors are arranged close to the outer circumference of the cam rollers.

Since, as noted above, the rotational movement and the lifting movement of the cam roller 2 A wireless transmission of measurement signals and electrical power is beneficial. Therefore, the measurement signals from the transmitting device 5 detected, processed, and transmitted in a telegram by radio to a receiver (not shown) outside of the moving machine parts. It would also be possible in principle, a plurality of transmitting devices directly to the respective temperature sensors 6 to arrange.

On the other hand, the required energy for the sensor devices and the transmitting device by a power generating device 7 generated on the roller side surface from the rotational movement of the roller.

alternative could also find a so-called Wiegand sensor use.

In addition, it would also be possible to supply the energy of the sensor devices 6 and the transmitting device 5 with the help of batteries, which would also be arranged on the cam roller to accomplish. Also could be used for energy supply solar cells or the like.

When Sensor devices can For example, temperature sensors such as NTC, PT 10000 or the like Find application.

2 shows a block diagram of a transmitting device 5 , for example, in use after 1 , This transmitting device 5 has an RF transmitter 11 on, the determined temperature values or signals corresponding thereto via a radio link to a receiving device 8th transfers.

In addition, the transmitting device 5 a microcontroller 10 with analog and digital interfaces. Through these interfaces, the individual sensor devices 6 connected.

The reference number 9 refers to an energy storage that is used to buffer the supply energy, so even then radio telegrams are discontinued at least for a limited time when the sensor device 5 at standstill of the role no longer from the power generation facility 7 is supplied.

The transmitting device 5 can be set so that they at each predetermined time intervals measured values to the receiving device 8th transmitted. In addition, an adjustment is possible in such a way that, if necessary, these intervals are shortened.

The microcontroller is preferred 10 each awakened for a very short period of time to detect and process the monitoring or temperature signals. The corresponding values are then preferably in the context of a telegram together with an identification code by means of the RF transmitter 11 on the receiving device 8th transfer. For this purpose, a license-free radio frequency (ISM) is preferably used. From the receiving device, the signals are forwarded to a (not shown) central measuring and control unit for the operation of the mud pump.

3 shows a block diagram of a power generation unit according to the invention 7 and 4 a perspective view of the power generation unit 7 , This power generation unit 7 has an energy converter 12 , a voltage converter 13 , a speed converter 14 and a speed comparator 15 on. The energy converter 12 points (cf. 4 ) one or more coils 16 pointing to a U-shaped core 17 (see. 4 ) are wound, and a plurality of arranged on a substantially concentric with the cam roller circular path and the fork fixedly arranged permanent magnets 18 on.

These permanent magnets 18 are at the in 4 shown alternately magnetized. Instead of in 4 As shown arrangement, the respective magnets could also be arranged vertically thereto and thus in the form of a magnetic disk.

The spools 16 are mounted on the side surface of the roller so that they rotate with the roller with a small air gap to the respective magnet 18 move past. Depending on this relative speed, a more or less high electrical voltage is induced.

The voltage converter 13 (see. 3 ) generates from this AC voltage a nearly constant DC voltage to the energy storage 9 is created. The spools 16 and the magnets 18 can be arranged so that an axial and / or a radial air gap field is formed, which ultimately depends on the available space.

From the induced coil voltage, either from an energy converter 13 or a separate coil can come with the help of the speed converter 14 generates a voltage signal that provides a measure of the roll speed. The microcontroller 10 continues processing this signal along with the temperature signals. In addition, the speed comparator 15 generate a binary signal in order to be able to signal the undershooting of a (critical) fixed speed limit and thus also a standstill. Again, this signal is from the microprocessor 10 prepared for the radio transmission and forwarded to the receiving device. The permanent magnets 18 are on a disk 19 arranged and these in turn within an adapter unit of the fork 3 , as in 4 shown. The two coils 16 here are two oppositely oriented permanent magnets opposite.

Preferably located on the caster 2 a balancing mass that measures the masses of the coils 16 and the temple 17 on the opposite side of the cam roller 2 balances.

It would be in In this context, other types of speed measurement conceivable, like optical devices in the form of perforated discs, mechanical Signalers and the like.

By The present invention will become an energy self-sufficient monitoring system for the Temperature and speed of a rotating bearing component for disposal especially the cam roller on a sludge pump.

All Features disclosed in the application documents are considered to be essential to the invention as long as they are individually or in combination with respect to State of the art are new.

1

cam

1a

slope

2

cam roller

3

fork

4

piston rod

5

transmitting device

6

sensor device

7

Energy generator

8th

receiver

9

energy storage

10

microcontroller

11

RF Transmitter

12

energy converters

13

DC converter

14

Speed Converter

15

Drehzahlkomparator

16

Do the washing up

17

U-shaped core

18

permanent magnets

19

disc

21

bearing cage

22

rolling elements

23

inner ring

Claims (16)

Device for monitoring machine elements, in particular for bearing elements, with we at least one sensor device ( 6 ) mounted on a moving machine element ( 2 ), at least one physical property of said movable machine element ( 2 ) and outputs a characteristic value for this physical property and one on the movable machine element ( 2 ) arranged transmitting device ( 5 ), which transmits the characteristic value to a receiving device ( 8th ). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitting device ( 5 ) transmits the characteristic value wirelessly. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the physical property of the machine element, the temperature of at least a portion of the machine element ( 2 ). Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is a power generating device ( 7 ) for supplying at least the sensor device ( 6 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the energy generating device ( 7 ) at least one inductive element ( 16 ) having. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims 3-4, characterized in that the energy generating device ( 7 ) a variety of magnets ( 18 ) having. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises a speed detection device ( 14 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the energy generating device ( 7 ) as a speed detection device ( 14 ) serves. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises an energy storage device ( 9 ) having. Device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the device comprises a generating device for a Identification signal has. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of temperature sensors ( 6 ) is provided, wherein the individual temperature sensors ( 6 ) preferably substantially uniformly in the circumferential direction of the movable machine element ( 2 ) are distributed. Cam roller drive with a device after at least one of the preceding claims. Bearing with a device for at least one of the preceding claims. Method for checking machine elements with the steps - detecting the temperature of at least one section of a movable machine element ( 2 ) with one on the movable machine element ( 2 ) arranged sensor device ( 6 ). Output of a characteristic value for this physical property to a transmitting device ( 5 ). Wireless transmission of the characteristic value from the transmitting device ( 5 ) to a receiving device ( 8th ). A method according to claim 14, characterized in that in addition to the temperature of the machine element ( 2 ) also the speed of the machine element ( 2 ) is detected. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 14-15, characterized in that at least the sensor device ( 6 ) is supplied with electrical energy by the movement of the movable machine element.