EP2628892B1 - Structure de protection de puits sous-marin, auvent et installation - Google Patents

Structure de protection de puits sous-marin, auvent et installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2628892B1
EP2628892B1 EP12155550.2A EP12155550A EP2628892B1 EP 2628892 B1 EP2628892 B1 EP 2628892B1 EP 12155550 A EP12155550 A EP 12155550A EP 2628892 B1 EP2628892 B1 EP 2628892B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
canopy
locking
wps
door
engage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12155550.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2628892A1 (fr
Inventor
Nnamdi Cyril Ude
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vetco Gray LLC
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Vetco Gray LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vetco Gray LLC filed Critical Vetco Gray LLC
Priority to EP12155550.2A priority Critical patent/EP2628892B1/fr
Priority to SG10201505707TA priority patent/SG10201505707TA/en
Priority to SG2013008081A priority patent/SG193084A1/en
Priority to AU2013200619A priority patent/AU2013200619A1/en
Publication of EP2628892A1 publication Critical patent/EP2628892A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2628892B1 publication Critical patent/EP2628892B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
    • E21B33/037—Protective housings therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a subsea wellhead protection structure ("WPS") including a canopy adapted to be locked and unlocked from above a subsea wellhead.
  • WPS subsea wellhead protection structure
  • a defensive WPS frame In order to protect subsea wellheads from potential snagging and damage, for example, from trawlers pulling nets or boats dragging anchors, it is common practice to install a defensive WPS frame around the subsea wellhead and to place a canopy over the wellhead itself.
  • the WPS canopy needs to be able to resist accidental detachment, but must allow for access for servicing of the wellhead Christmas tree fittings and must be removable for workover purposes.
  • a WPS canopy requires divers or a remotely operated vehicle (“ROV”) for installation and removal.
  • ROV remotely operated vehicle
  • WO 98/04805 A1 discloses a subsea WPS having the pre-characterising features of claim 1.
  • a subsea wellhead protection structure comprising a base frame and a removable canopy, the base frame defining a protected space for a subsea wellhead when in use, the canopy being adapted to engage the base frame and to provide cover over the protected space, wherein the base frame and the canopy incorporate a plurality of locking means, each locking means comprising a locking pin and a corresponding locking sleeve, characterised in that the locking pins have first and second differential taper sections to engage corresponding locking sleeves, the first taper section tapering in towards the tip of the locking pin at a first taper angle relative to the plane normal to the pin axis and the second taper section tapering in towards the base of the locking pin at a second taper angle, lower than the said first taper angle, relative to the plane normal to the pin axis, and the locking sleeves include engagement means to engage the taper sections of the locking pins, so that the locking pins and locking sleeves engage and disengage under opposite loading, and require a lower
  • At least two sets of locking means are used to lock the canopy to the base frame across the protected space.
  • Providing locking means adapted to have differential loading levels for engagement and disengagement facilitates the ease of installation of the canopy and the design of the canopy to meet desired performance standards against accidental detachment of the canopy in circumstances such as overtrawling.
  • the locking pins may be provided on the base frame, with the corresponding locking sleeves being located on the canopy, or vice-versa.
  • the base frame may have one or more locking pins and one or more locking sleeves with the canopy having one or more corresponding locking sleeves and corresponding locking pins. Such a mixed arrangement may be used, for example, to ensure the canopy can only be locked to the base frame in a specific orientation.
  • the locking pins have first and second differential taper sections to engage the corresponding locking sleeves, the first taper section tapers in towards the tip of the locking pin and the second taper section tapers in towards the base of the pin.
  • the first taper section is at first taper angle and the second taper section is at a second taper angle relative to the plane normal to the pin axis.
  • the first taper angle is higher than the second taper angle.
  • the locking sleeves are provided with engagement means to engage the taper sections of the locking pins. Having the respective taper sections effectively reversed (the first tapering in towards the tip and the second tapering in towards the base of the pin, and with differential taper angles, means that desired differential loading levels for engagement and disengagement can be achieved by appropriately selecting the respective taper angles.
  • the engagement means conveniently comprise one or more spring-loaded latching-dogs, which are forced against the taper sections of the locking pins in use.
  • the spring-loading of these dogs may be provided by a C-spring, which can be conveniently positioned around part of the circumference of the locking sleeve and adapted to spring-load one, two or more dogs against an inserted locking pin in use.
  • the first taper angle may be in the range from 60° to 80° for a steel on steel pin and sleeve locking system and the second taper angle may be in the range from 24° to 30° to require a suitably high loading for disengaging the canopy from the base frame.
  • the first taper angle is approximately 75° and the second taper angle is approximately 25°.
  • the base frame which incorporates at least one leg housing for a telescopic leg having a mechanical release mechanism which is actuated by the weight of the canopy being transmitted onto the mechanism, thereby to allow the telescopic leg to extend under its own weight.
  • Telescopic legs are useful on a WPS as they can automatically adapt to differences in levels of the seabed around the WPS when installed.
  • the release mechanism may comprise a retaining pin which holds the telescopic leg in the housing, the retaining pin being connected to a lever crank, which is actuated to disengage the retaining pin when the weight of the canopy is transmitted onto the lever crank.
  • the weight of the canopy can be transmitted through a landing arm provided on the canopy and positioned to engage a leg housing and the respective release mechanism.
  • the canopy incorporates a door latching mechanism for an access door hinged to a WPS canopy frame along one edge of the door.
  • the door latching mechanism comprises a handle bar with two arms, the bar being hinged at the junction of the two arms, about a hinge point on the edge of the door opposite the hinged edge, the first arm being longer and heavier than the second arm, a handle is attached to the end of the first arm away from the hinge point, and a first latching element is provided at the end of the second arm, the first latching element being adapted to engage a corresponding second latching element provided on the canopy frame.
  • Providing a door latching mechanism with a handle bar with differential arm lengths and weights has an advantage that the mechanism is thereby biased into the locked position and is resistant to accidental release. Conversely, when intentionally operated via the handle the leverage provided by the longer arm makes it relatively easier and quicker for a diver to release the door latching mechanism when required.
  • the first latching element may comprise a locking bar extending perpendicular to the axis of the handle bar and the second latching element is a corresponding slot in the canopy frame, adapted to receive the locking bar.
  • the first latching element may comprise a hook and the second latching element a corresponding eye on the canopy frame to receive the hook.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a WPS base frame 1 adapted according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same base frame 1.
  • the frame comprises a cylindrical, central support element 11 with a flared skirt 12. This central support element is located around the subsea wellhead (not shown) at seafloor level.
  • Four arms 13 extend radially from the central support 11, each arm being set at right angles with respect to each adjacent arm.
  • the arms 13 are each connected to a corner frame 14, each comprising a leg housing 15 for an extensible telescopic leg 16.
  • the corner frames 14 are designed to be set at an adjustable radial distance from the central support element 11 and are each provided with an inner arm 13a which can be slid in or out of the arms 13 to the desired extent, and fixed during construction of the base frame 1, so that the overall width of the base frame can thereby be adapted to accommodate wellhead Christmas tree structures.
  • the four corner frames 14 are then connected by bumper bars 17 of appropriate length for the desired overall frame size.
  • the base frame includes four guide posts 18, one extending vertically upwards from each of the arms 13.
  • Each corner frame 14 has an upwardly tapering locking pin 19, with a biased profile (see Figure 5 ), which is adapted to engage a corresponding locking sleeve 21 on the WPS canopy 2 of Figure 3 .
  • FIG 3 shows a side elevational view of a canopy 2 for a WPS, aligned in conjunction with a corresponding side elevational view in Figure 4 of the base frame 1, with a partial sectional view along V-V from Figure 2 .
  • the canopy 2 is conveniently lowered on to the WPS base frame using a conventional, positive-locking J-tool as a running tool for this purpose.
  • the locking sleeves 21 engage the locking pins 19.
  • the biased (or differential) taper profile of the top of each locking pin 19 means that there is a substantial difference between the load required to lock on each locking pin and that required to unlock, or disengage, from each locking pin.
  • the locking sleeve 21 incorporates latching-dogs 22, which are biased against the locking pin 19 by C-spring 23 and held in place by latch-dog screws 24. Override screws 25 are provided at either end of the C-spring 23. These screws 25 provide means for manually releasing the locking sleeve 21 from the locking pin 19 if necessary.
  • An eye bolt 26 is shown on the top of the guide post 19. This may be used for assembly onto the base frame 1. On engagement of the locking sleeve 21, the detaching-dogs 22 follow the steeper taper 19a until they latch over the circumferential rib 20, where the guide post 19 is of maximum diameter.
  • the calculated load required to overcome the friction arising from the C-spring 23 forcing the latching-dogs 22 against a guide post is about 0.6 tonnes for the illustrated design.
  • the lower reverse taper 19b means that a considerably greater force is required to disengage the locking sleeve by forcing the latching-dogs 22 back over the rib 20.
  • FIG 7 shows a WPS canopy 2 according to the invention in perspective view and Figure 8 shows the same canopy in plan view.
  • the canopy 2 comprises a tubular framework supporting a central annulus 36, upwardly flared for running tool access.
  • a central cover plate 40 is located within the annulus 36 and, as shown, has four equally spaced apertures on the rim where a J-tool can be latched to deploy the canopy 2.
  • Protective rectangular panels 33 are provided on opposite sites of the annulus 36 and two access doors 30 are mounted opposite each other and between the panels 33.
  • the access doors 30 are hinged about end frame members 32 to open outwardly away from the annulus 36.
  • Each door has a single door latch mechanism 31 for unlocking and lifting the door open.
  • Guide pods 34 are disposed towards each corner of the canopy 2. These pods have flared conical lower openings, which receive the tops of the guide posts 18. When the canopy 2 is installed on the base frame 1, the pods 34 engage the tops of the guide posts 18 and ensure that the canopy is correctly located as it is lowered onto the base.
  • the locking sleeves 21 operate to latch the canopy 2 onto the base frame 1 (as previously described), but do not have to transfer the entire weight of the canopy onto the locking pins 19.
  • each support pod 34 Extending outwards from each support pod 34 towards the corners of the canopy 2 are landing arms 35, which are configured to engage the upper ends of each respective leg housing 15.
  • the weight of the canopy 2 is borne by the leg housings 15 supporting each landing arm 35.
  • each landing arm 35 engages the respective leg housing 15 it activates a leg release mechanism to allow the telescopic legs 16 to be automatically deployed under their own weight.
  • the WPS base frame 1 has four telescopic legs 16, one at each corner, which are designed to extend and to dig into the seabed to stabilise the WPS and provide deflection, and resistance to damage, and to prevent dislodging of the WPS in the event of overtrawling by a fishing net.
  • Figures 9, 10 and 11 illustrate the release mechanism and how it operates.
  • Figure 9 is a cutaway view of one corner of the WPS base frame 1.
  • Figure 10 is a sectional view along D-D of Figure 2 .
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view showing canopy 2 when landed on the WPS base frame 1.
  • the upper end of the leg housing 15 is open and the telescopic legs 16 are initially held inside the housing by a retaining pin 41, which is fitted through one side of the housing and, which is engaged by a lever crank 42, hinged at point 43 at the upper end of the housing.
  • the lever crank 42 has an actuating arm 42a extending into the upper open end of the leg housing 15.
  • This actuating arm 42a is forced down when the corresponding landing arm 35 on the canopy engages the upper end of the leg housing (see Figure 11 ). This forces the release arm 42b outwards, pulling the retaining pin away and thereby releasing the telescopic legs 16 to deploy themselves under their own weight.
  • Figure 12 provides a plan view of the canopy 2 in position on the WPS base frame 1 (with the telescopic legs shown unextended) and Figure 13 is a side elevational view with a partial sectional view along X-X of Figure 12 .
  • Figure 14 is a side-elevational view, in partial section, and Figure 15 is a perspective view, of the WPS canopy 2 showing one access door 30 hinged into an open position.
  • the access door 30 is hinged about a cross-member 32 of the canopy frame.
  • the door is shaped like a bent arm. The weight of the door thereby exerts a moment about the hinge, which acts to hold the door closed when it is in the closed position and conversely to hold the door open when it is in the open position.
  • the door latching mechanism 31 is shown in side view in partial section in the main Figure 14 and in partial plan view in Figure 14a .
  • the door latch mechanism 31 comprises a handle 31a (which may be operated by a diver or ROV), attached to one end of a handle bar 31b, 31c, which is hinged to one edge of the door at point 31e.
  • the handle bar is biased, with one longer and heavier arm 31b attached to the handle 31a and one shorter arm 31c on the opposite side of the hinge point 31e.
  • a short locking bar 31d is fixed to the end of the short arm 31c and set perpendicular to the length of the handle bar. This locking bar 31d engages a latching slot 37 (see Figure 15 ) in the canopy frame to hold the door locked when in the closed position.
  • the upper panel 39 of the door frame has a cutaway portion to allow access to the handle.
  • a cover 38 on the underside of the door frame protects the door latch mechanism on that side.
  • the door panel (and other panels on the canopy) can be made of lightweight GRP (glass reinforced plastic) to reduce the overall canopy weight.
  • the differential weights of the handle bar arms 31 b, 31c will act to hold the door latched closed. If pressure is applied to the underside of the door frame (e.g. in the splash zone when the canopy is being deployed) the locking bar will also be held in the latched position, ensuring the door can only be released when the handle 31a is raised in normal operation.
  • a base frame may be circular in place, for example, or of an alternative geometric shape such as a triangle, rectangle or hexagon.
  • the locking pins may all be provided on the corresponding locking sleeves on the base frame and the canopy as shown in the Figures, or vice versa; or alternatively the base frame may have a combination of one or more locking pins and one or more locking sleeves and the canopy have corresponding locking sleeves and locking pins.
  • Such a configuration may be used to ensure that the canopy and the base frame can only be connected in one orientation (e.g. not be rotatable through 180° as with the designs illustrated in the figures). So long as at least two locking pins (and corresponding locking sleeves) are deployed on opposite sides of the wellhead across the frame and canopy, then the automatic canopy locking mechanism of the invention can be conveniently employed.
  • supporting legs capable of being automatically deployed in the manner of the present invention can be positioned at any desired point around the base frame if the canopy is provided with corresponding landing arms to operate the release mechanisms for the legs when the canopy is landed on the base frame.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Structure de protection de tête de puits (WPS) sous-marine comprenant une ossature de base (1) et un toit amovible (2), l'ossature de base définissant un espace protégé pour une tête de puits sous-marine lors d'une utilisation, le toit étant adapté pour venir en prise avec l'ossature de base et pour fournir une couverture sur l'espace protégé, dans laquelle l'ossature de base et le toit incorporent une pluralité de moyens de verrouillage, chaque moyen de verrouillage comprenant une goupille de verrouillage (19) et un manchon de verrouillage (21) correspondant, caractérisée en ce que les goupilles de verrouillage (19) ont des première (19a) et seconde (19b) sections de cône différentielles pour venir en prise avec des manchons de verrouillage (21) correspondants, la première section de cône (19a) s'effilant vers la pointe de la goupille de verrouillage selon un premier angle de cône par rapport au plan normal à l'axe de goupille et la seconde section de cône (19b) s'effilant vers la base de la goupille de verrouillage selon un second angle de cône, qui est inférieur audit premier angle de cône, par rapport au plan normal à l'axe de goupille, et les manchons de verrouillage (21) comportent des moyens de mise en prise (22) pour mettre en prise les sections de cône (19a, 19b) des goupilles de verrouillage (19), de sorte que les goupilles de verrouillage (19) et les manchons de verrouillage (21) viennent en prise et hors de prise lors d'une charge opposée, et nécessitent une charge inférieure pour le verrouillage du manchon de verrouillage (21) sur une goupille de verrouillage (19) par rapport à sa mise hors de prise.
  2. WPS selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les moyens de mise en prise comprennent un ou plusieurs crochets de blocage à ressort de rappel (22) dans un manchon de verrouillage (21).
  3. WPS selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle les crochets de blocage (22) sont à ressort de rappel par un ressort en C (23), qui agit pour forcer les crochets de blocage contre les sections de cône de goupille de verrouillage lors d'une utilisation.
  4. WPS selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le premier angle de cône est dans la plage de 60° à 80°, et le second angle de cône est dans la plage de 24° à 30°.
  5. WPS selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle le premier angle de cône est d'approximativement 75° et le second angle de cône est d'approximativement 25°.
  6. WPS selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'ossature de base (1) incorpore au moins un logement de patte (15) pour une patte télescopique (16) dotée d'un mécanisme de libération mécanique (41, 42a, 42b, 43) adapté pour être actionné par le poids du toit sur le mécanisme, afin de permettre à la patte télescopique (16) de s'étendre sous son propre poids.
  7. WPS selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle le mécanisme de libération mécanique comprend une goupille de retenue (41) pour maintenir la patte télescopique (16) dans le logement de patte (15), la goupille de retenue (41) étant raccordée à une manivelle de levier (42), qui est actionnée pour mettre hors de prise la goupille de retenue lorsque le poids du toit est transmis sur la manivelle de levier.
  8. WPS selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle le toit (2) est doté d'un bras de réception (35) pour mettre en prise chaque logement de patte (15) et le mécanisme de libération mécanique dans chaque logement de patte (15) est actionné par le poids transmis par chaque bras de réception (35) respectif.
  9. WPS selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, le toit incorporant une porte d'accès articulée sur l'ossature du toit le long d'un bord de la porte et avec un mécanisme de blocage de porte (31) pour mettre en prise l'ossature du toit lorsque la porte est fermée et pour le mettre hors de prise lorsque la porte est ouverte, le mécanisme de blocage de porte comprenant une barre de poignée ayant deux bras (31b, 31c) articulés au niveau de la jonction des deux bras autour d'un point (31e) sur le bord de la porte opposé au bord articulé, le premier bras (31b) étant plus long et plus lourd que le second bras (31c), une poignée (31a) attachée à l'extrémité du premier bras à distance du point d'articulation (31e) et un premier élément de blocage (31d) prévu au niveau de l'extrémité du second bras (31c), le premier élément de blocage (31d) étant adapté pour mettre en prise un second élément de blocage (37) correspondant de l'ossature du toit.
  10. WPS selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle le premier élément de blocage est une barre de verrouillage (31d) et le second élément de blocage est une fente (37) correspondante dans l'ossature du toit, adaptée pour recevoir la barre de verrouillage (31d).
EP12155550.2A 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 Structure de protection de puits sous-marin, auvent et installation Active EP2628892B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12155550.2A EP2628892B1 (fr) 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 Structure de protection de puits sous-marin, auvent et installation
SG10201505707TA SG10201505707TA (en) 2012-02-15 2013-02-01 Subsea wellhead protection structure, canopy and installation
SG2013008081A SG193084A1 (en) 2012-02-15 2013-02-01 Subsea wellhead protection structure, canopy and installation
AU2013200619A AU2013200619A1 (en) 2012-02-15 2013-02-04 Subsea wellhead protection structure, canopy and installation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12155550.2A EP2628892B1 (fr) 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 Structure de protection de puits sous-marin, auvent et installation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2628892A1 EP2628892A1 (fr) 2013-08-21
EP2628892B1 true EP2628892B1 (fr) 2017-06-07

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EP12155550.2A Active EP2628892B1 (fr) 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 Structure de protection de puits sous-marin, auvent et installation

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EP (1) EP2628892B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2013200619A1 (fr)
SG (2) SG10201505707TA (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2717013C1 (ru) * 2019-11-05 2020-03-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпром 335" Рама защитная противотраловая с удлинителями с опорно-фиксирующим механизмом
RU2754696C1 (ru) * 2021-03-09 2021-09-06 Акционерное общество «Нижегородский завод 70-летия Победы» (АО «НЗ 70-летия Победы») Устройство противотраловой защиты

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO333245B1 (no) * 2011-04-07 2013-04-15 Oilfield Technology Group As Anordning for operasjoner ved en undervannsinstallasjon
CN104047579A (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-09-17 中国海洋石油总公司 水下生产设备的安装方法
GB2576837B (en) * 2015-08-05 2020-06-03 Aquaterra Energy Ltd Cartridge and method of carrying out abandonment operations
GB2541005B (en) * 2015-08-05 2019-12-18 Aquaterra Energy Ltd Well abandonment frame, cartridge and method of carrying out abandonment operations
NO344543B1 (en) * 2018-08-20 2020-01-27 Csub As A subsea protection structure
WO2020040644A1 (fr) * 2018-08-20 2020-02-27 Csub As Ensemble de protection de puits

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9615647D0 (en) * 1996-07-25 1996-09-04 Mcdermott Sa J Ray Protection structures for subsea tree systems
NO313676B1 (no) * 2000-02-18 2002-11-11 Abb Offshore Systems As Termisk beskyttelse av undervannsinstallasjoner
NO311902B1 (no) * 2001-02-13 2002-02-11 Abb Offshore Systems As Luke samt fremgangsmate for fremstilling av denne
GB0402428D0 (en) * 2004-02-04 2004-03-10 Subsea 7 Uk Apparatus and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2717013C1 (ru) * 2019-11-05 2020-03-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпром 335" Рама защитная противотраловая с удлинителями с опорно-фиксирующим механизмом
RU2754696C1 (ru) * 2021-03-09 2021-09-06 Акционерное общество «Нижегородский завод 70-летия Победы» (АО «НЗ 70-летия Победы») Устройство противотраловой защиты

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EP2628892A1 (fr) 2013-08-21
AU2013200619A1 (en) 2013-08-29
SG193084A1 (en) 2013-09-30
SG10201505707TA (en) 2015-09-29

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