EP2625130A1 - Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation - Google Patents

Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation

Info

Publication number
EP2625130A1
EP2625130A1 EP11764201.7A EP11764201A EP2625130A1 EP 2625130 A1 EP2625130 A1 EP 2625130A1 EP 11764201 A EP11764201 A EP 11764201A EP 2625130 A1 EP2625130 A1 EP 2625130A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
exchange
attachment point
door opening
crane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11764201.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2625130B1 (en
Inventor
Ewald Meyer
Arnim Gerbers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wobben Properties GmbH
Original Assignee
Wobben Properties GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wobben Properties GmbH filed Critical Wobben Properties GmbH
Priority to RS20160670A priority Critical patent/RS55059B1/en
Priority to MEP-2016-129A priority patent/ME02435B/en
Priority to SI201130881A priority patent/SI2625130T1/en
Publication of EP2625130A1 publication Critical patent/EP2625130A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2625130B1 publication Critical patent/EP2625130B1/en
Priority to HRP20160883TT priority patent/HRP20160883T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/105—Lifting beam permitting to depose a load through an opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/108—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for lifting parts of wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for exchanging a transformer of a wind energy plant.
  • transformers are typically provided at the bottom of the tower of a wind turbine.
  • the transformers can be used to transform an output voltage of a power cabinet of a wind turbine to a voltage that is needed for an electrical network to which the wind turbine is connected.
  • the transformers typically have only a limited life, so that it may happen during the life of the wind turbine that a transformer must be replaced. So far, special mobile cranes with heavy load tips were needed to replace the transformers. Here, a crane jib can be driven through a door opening in the tower of the wind turbine to strike the transformer and lift out. Since the dimensions of the door openings are limited, a crane boom with a heavy load tip is needed. As a general state of the art, reference is made to DE 32 11 390 A1 and DE 10 2008 035 350 A1.
  • a method for replacing a generator of a wind turbine is provided.
  • the generator is provided inside a tower of a wind turbine and the tower has a door opening.
  • a exchange crossbar is over a first attachment point attached to a crane hook of a mobile crane.
  • a first end of the exchange crossbar is inserted with a second attachment point through the door opening in the tower.
  • the transformer to be replaced is attached to the second stop point of the first end.
  • a balance weight is attached to the second attachment point at the second end of the transfer truss.
  • the weight of the balance weight may optionally substantially correspond to the weight of the transformer to be replaced.
  • the second end of the swap body is tilted until the transformer is at the height of the door opening, and the crane hook is moved until the transformer to be replaced is outside the door opening.
  • a new transformer to replace the old transformer is provided as a balance weight, and the exchange crosshead is rotated 180 °, and the new transformer at the second attachment point at the second end of the exchange crossbar is guided into the door opening.
  • the new transformer is lowered to the operating position by raising the first end of the transfer truss or tilting the truss.
  • a first and second pulley can each be connected to the first attachment point and the second end of the exchange truss, in which case by means of the second pulley the second end is moved up or down, so that the exchange crossbar tilted or . can be inclined.
  • a further first attachment point is provided for the exchange truss. While the first attachment point is provided in the center of gravity of the exchange cross member, the further first attachment point is provided outside the center of gravity, so that also different heavy loads can be handled at the first and second end of the exchange crossbar.
  • the present invention also relates to a transfer beam for use in a method of replacing the transformer.
  • the exchange cross-piece has an elongate body, a first attachment point for receiving a crane hook of a crane and in each case a second attachment point at the first and second end of the exchange cross member respectively for receiving a transformer to be replaced and a Balance weight on.
  • the first attachment point is located essentially in the center of gravity of the exchange crossbar.
  • the invention relates to the idea to provide a method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine, wherein a traverse with a first impact point for striking a crane hook of a crane and two other attachment points are provided, to which the transformer to be replaced and a balance weight can be struck.
  • a traverse with a first impact point for striking a crane hook of a crane and two other attachment points are provided, to which the transformer to be replaced and a balance weight can be struck.
  • To replace the defective transformer to be replaced one end of the traverse is inserted into the door opening of a tower of the wind turbine and the transformer to be replaced is struck at the attachment point.
  • the second end of the truss then projects out of the tower and at the second attachment point a balance weight such as the new transformer can be struck. If the balance weight is substantially the same weight as the generator to be replaced, then the crosshead is maintained substantially balanced and the transformer to be replaced can be lifted out of the doorway.
  • the balance weight may be configured as the new transformer so that the crosshead only needs to be rotated 180 ° and the new transformer can be inserted through the door opening. Then, when the replaced transformer is raised, then it can be achieved that the crosshead is tilted and the new transformer can be transported to its position.
  • the exchange cross-member may be provided with a further first attachment point, so that the crane hook can be coupled to the further first attachment point.
  • This further first attachment point is then not provided in the center of gravity of the exchange crossbar, so that counterweights can be used which do not correspond to the weight of the transformer to be replaced. This is the case, for example, when the new transformer is lighter or heavier than the transformer to be replaced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind power plant and a traverse when replacing a transformer of the wind turbine according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a traverse according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 and 4 show different views of an attachment point of the traverse of Fig. 2, and
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a traverse according to a third embodiment.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine with a crane for replacing a transformer of the wind turbine according to a first embodiment.
  • the wind energy plant 100 has a nacelle 110, a rotor 120 with a plurality of rotor blades 130 and a tower 140 with a door opening 150.
  • a transformer 200 is provided in the lower area of the tower 140.
  • a crane 500 is also shown, on the crane hook 510 a Tauschraverse 300 is posted.
  • the exchange cross-piece 300 has a first attachment point 310 for receiving a crane hook 510 of the crane 500 and two second attachment points 320 at the first and second ends 321, 322 of the traverse 300.
  • the second attachment points 320 serve to receive a transformer 200 to be exchanged and a balance weight 400.
  • the exchange truss 300 is attached to the first attachment point 310 on a crane hook 510, and a first end 321 of the exchange truss 300 having a second attachment point 320 is inserted through the door opening 150. Subsequently, the transformer 200 may be attached to a second attachment point 320 of the first end 321. At the other second attachment point 320 at the second end 322, a balance weight 400 may be attached. Preferably, the weight of the balance weight 400 is substantially equal to the weight of the transformer 200 to be replaced. Optionally, the new transformer may be used as the balance weight 400.
  • the first end 321 of the exchange truss 300 can first be inserted through the door opening 150 and then tilted, then the transformer 200 can be attached to the second attachment point 320 at the first end 321 and the second end 322 of the crosshead with the balance weight 400 may be tilted so that the transformer 200 may be moved upwardly at the first end 321 and subsequently lifted by the door opening 150. If the new transformer is provided as a balance weight 400 at the second end 322 of the swap body 300, then the swivel truss 300 need only be rotated 180 degrees and the new transformer passed through the door opening 150 and the second end 322 of the swap body 300 tilted to bring the transformer 300 into position.
  • a first and / or second pulley 610, 620 may be provided or coupled to the crane hook 510.
  • the first pulley 610 may be coupled to the first attachment point 630.
  • the second pulley 620 may be coupled to the second end 322 of the transfer truss. By the second pulley 620, the second end 322 of the exchange truss 300 can be raised or lowered, so that the exchange truss can be tilted or inclined.
  • the first and second pulley 610, 620 can be connected via a first and second round sling to the first attachment point 310 and the second end 320.
  • the inventive method for replacing a defective transformer can be dispensed with a special crane with a heavy load peak. To replace the defective transformer, only a standard mobile crane is needed.
  • the inventive method for replacing a defective transformer can be used in steel towers, which provide the door opening above the place of use of the transformer.
  • the method according to the invention can also be provided in concrete towers.
  • the inventive method is particularly advantageous if the transformer is provided below the door opening in the tower of the wind turbine.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a replacement crossbar according to a second exemplary embodiment.
  • the exchange crossbar according to the second embodiment can be used according to the first embodiment.
  • the exchange crossbar 300 has a first attachment point 310 for receiving a crane hook.
  • the exchange crosshead has at its first and second end in each case a second attachment point 320 for receiving the transformer 200 to be replaced and for receiving a balance weight 400.
  • the exchange crossbar 300 is designed such that it can carry both the weight of the transformer 200 to be replaced and the balance weight 400.
  • Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show a side view and a plan view of the end of the exchange truss each with a second attachment point 320.
  • two plates 321 are each provided with a hole. Further, another plate 322 is provided with a larger hole.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a traverse according to a third embodiment.
  • the exchange cross-member substantially corresponds to the exchange cross-member from FIG. 2.
  • the exchange cross-member according to the third exemplary embodiment has, in addition to the optional first attachment point 310, a further first attachment point 311.
  • further first attachment points can be provided.
  • the first abutment point 310 may be used when the balance weight attached to the second end substantially equals the weight of the transformer to be replaced.
  • the further first attachment point 311 can be used if the weight of the balance weight does not substantially correspond to the weight of the transformer to be replaced.
  • the balance weight can be configured, for example, as the new transformer, wherein the new transformer can be both heavier and lighter.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)

Abstract

What is provided is: a method for replacing a generator of a wind energy installation. In this case, the generator is provided in the interior of a tower of a wind energy installation and the tower (140) has a door opening (150). A replacement crossbeam (300) is fastened, via a first stop point (310), to a crane hook of a mobile crane (500). A first end of the replacement crossbeam (300) is inserted with a second stop point (320) through the door opening (150) into the tower (140). The transformer (220) to be replaced is fixed to the second stop point (320) of the first end (300). A compensating weight (400) is fixed to the second stop point (320) at the second end of the replacement crossbeam (300). The second end of the replacement crossbeam (300) is tipped or inclined until the transformer is at the height of the door opening (150), and the crane hook is moved until the transformer to be replaced is located outside the door opening (150).

Description

Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators einer Windenergieanlage  Method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators einer Windenergieanlage. The present invention relates to a method for exchanging a transformer of a wind energy plant.
Bei modernen Windenergieanlagen sind Transformatoren typischerweise im unteren Bereich des Turms einer Windenergieanlage vorgesehen. Die Transformatoren können dazu verwendet werden, eine Ausgangsspannung eines Leistungsschrankes einer Windenergieanlage auf eine Spannung zu transformieren, welche für ein elektrisches Netzwerk benötigt wird, an welches die Windenergieanlage angeschlossen ist. In modern wind turbines, transformers are typically provided at the bottom of the tower of a wind turbine. The transformers can be used to transform an output voltage of a power cabinet of a wind turbine to a voltage that is needed for an electrical network to which the wind turbine is connected.
Die Transformatoren weisen typischerweise lediglich eine begrenzte Lebensdauer auf, so dass es während der Lebensdauer der Windenergieanlage vorkommen kann, dass ein Transformator ausgetauscht werden muss. Bislang waren zum Austauschen der Transformatoren spezielle Mobilkräne mit Schwerlastspitzen benötigt. Hierbei kann ein Kranausleger durch eine Türöffnung in den Turm der Windenergieanlage hineingefahren werden, um den Trafo anzuschlagen und herauszuheben. Da die Abmessungen der Türöffnungen begrenzt sind, wird ein Kranausleger mit einer Schwerlastspitze benötigt. Als allgemeiner Stand der Technik wird auf die DE 32 11 390 A1 und die DE 10 2008 035 350 A1 verwiesen. The transformers typically have only a limited life, so that it may happen during the life of the wind turbine that a transformer must be replaced. So far, special mobile cranes with heavy load tips were needed to replace the transformers. Here, a crane jib can be driven through a door opening in the tower of the wind turbine to strike the transformer and lift out. Since the dimensions of the door openings are limited, a crane boom with a heavy load tip is needed. As a general state of the art, reference is made to DE 32 11 390 A1 and DE 10 2008 035 350 A1.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators einer Windenergieanlage vorzusehen, bei welchem kein Spezialkran benötigt wird. Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators einer Windenergieanlage gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine, in which no special crane is needed. This object is achieved by a method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine according to claim 1.
Somit wird ein Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Generators einer Windenergieanlage vorgesehen. Der Generator ist dabei im Inneren eines Turms einer Windenergieanlage vorgesehen und der Turm weist eine Türöffnung auf. Eine Tauschtraverse wird über einen ersten Anschlagpunkt an einem Kranhaken eines mobilen Krans befestigt. Ein erstes Ende der Tauschtraverse wird mit einem zweiten Anschlagpunkt durch die Türöffnung in den Turm eingeführt. Der auszutauschende Transformator wird an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt des ersten Endes befestigt. Ein Ausgleichsgewicht wird an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt an dem zweiten Ende der Tauschtraverse befestigt. Das Gewicht des Ausgleichsgewichts kann optional im Wesentlichen dem Gewicht des auszutauschenden Transformators entsprechen. Das zweite Ende der Tauschtraverse wird gekippt bzw. geneigt, bis der Transformator sich auf der Höhe der Türöffnung befindet, und der Kranhaken wird bewegt, bis der auszutauschende Transformator sich außerhalb der Türöff- nung befindet. Thus, a method for replacing a generator of a wind turbine is provided. The generator is provided inside a tower of a wind turbine and the tower has a door opening. A exchange crossbar is over a first attachment point attached to a crane hook of a mobile crane. A first end of the exchange crossbar is inserted with a second attachment point through the door opening in the tower. The transformer to be replaced is attached to the second stop point of the first end. A balance weight is attached to the second attachment point at the second end of the transfer truss. The weight of the balance weight may optionally substantially correspond to the weight of the transformer to be replaced. The second end of the swap body is tilted until the transformer is at the height of the door opening, and the crane hook is moved until the transformer to be replaced is outside the door opening.
Gemäß einem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein neuer Transformator, der den alten Transformator ersetzen soll, als Ausgleichsgewicht vorgesehen und die Tauschtraverse wird um 180° gedreht, und der neue Transformator an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt am zweiten Ende der Tauschtraverse wird in die Türöffnung geführt. Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird der neue Transformator in die Betriebsposition abgesenkt, indem das erste Ende der Tauschtraverse angehoben bzw. die Traverse gekippt wird. According to one aspect of the present invention, a new transformer to replace the old transformer is provided as a balance weight, and the exchange crosshead is rotated 180 °, and the new transformer at the second attachment point at the second end of the exchange crossbar is guided into the door opening. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, the new transformer is lowered to the operating position by raising the first end of the transfer truss or tilting the truss.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung kann ein erster und zweiter Flaschenzug jeweils mit dem ersten Anschlagpunkt und dem zweiten Ende der Tausch- traverse verbunden werden, wobei dann mittels des zweiten Flaschenzuges das zweite Ende hoch oder runter bewegt wird, so dass die Tauschtraverse gekippt bzw. geneigt werden kann. According to a further aspect of the present invention, a first and second pulley can each be connected to the first attachment point and the second end of the exchange truss, in which case by means of the second pulley the second end is moved up or down, so that the exchange crossbar tilted or . can be inclined.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein weiterer erster Anschlagpunkt für die Tauschtraverse vorgesehen. Während der erste Anschlagpunkt im Schwerpunkt der Tauschtraverse vorgesehen ist, ist der weitere erste Anschlagpunkt außerhalb des Schwerpunktes vorgesehen, so dass auch unterschiedlich schwere Lasten an dem ersten und zweiten Ende der Tauschtraverse gehandhabt werden können. According to a further aspect of the present invention, a further first attachment point is provided for the exchange truss. While the first attachment point is provided in the center of gravity of the exchange cross member, the further first attachment point is provided outside the center of gravity, so that also different heavy loads can be handled at the first and second end of the exchange crossbar.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls eine Tauschtraverse zur Verwendung in einem Verfahren zum Austauschen des Transformators. Die Tauschtraverse weist einen länglichen Körper, einen ersten Anschlagpunkt zur Aufnahme eines Kranhakens eines Krans und jeweils einen zweiten Anschlagpunkt an dem ersten und zweiten Ende der Tauschtraverse jeweils zur Aufnahme eines auszutauschenden Transformators und eines Ausgleichsgewichts auf. Der erste Anschlagpunkt befindet sich im Wesentlichen im Schwerpunkt der Tauschtraverse. The present invention also relates to a transfer beam for use in a method of replacing the transformer. The exchange cross-piece has an elongate body, a first attachment point for receiving a crane hook of a crane and in each case a second attachment point at the first and second end of the exchange cross member respectively for receiving a transformer to be replaced and a Balance weight on. The first attachment point is located essentially in the center of gravity of the exchange crossbar.
Die Erfindung betrifft den Gedanken, ein Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators einer Windenergieanlage vorzusehen, wobei eine Traverse mit einem ersten An- schlagspunkt zum Anschlagen eines Kranhakens eines Krans sowie zwei weitere Anschlagpunkte vorgesehen werden, an welchen der auszutauschende Transformator sowie ein Ausgleichsgewicht angeschlagen werden können. Zum Austauschen des auszutauschenden defekten Transformators wird ein Ende der Traverse in die Türöffnung eines Turms der Windenergieanlage eingeführt und der auszutauschende Transformator wird an dem Anschlagpunkt angeschlagen. Das zweite Ende der Traverse ragt dann aus dem Turm heraus und an den zweiten Anschlagpunkt kann ein Ausgleichsgewicht wie beispielsweise der neue Transformator angeschlagen werden. Wenn das Ausgleichsgewicht im Wesentlichen das gleiche Gewicht wie der auszutauschende Generator aufweist, dann wird die Traverse im Wesentlichen im Gleichgewicht gehalten und der auszu- tauschende Transformator kann aus der Türöffnung herausgehoben werden. Optional kann das Ausgleichsgewicht als der neue Transformator ausgestaltet sein, so dass die Traverse lediglich um 180° gedreht werden muss und der neue Transformator durch die Türöffnung eingeführt werden kann. Wenn dann der ausgetauschte Transformator angehoben wird, dann kann erreicht werden, dass die Traverse gekippt wird und der neue Transformator kann an seine Position transportiert werden. The invention relates to the idea to provide a method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine, wherein a traverse with a first impact point for striking a crane hook of a crane and two other attachment points are provided, to which the transformer to be replaced and a balance weight can be struck. To replace the defective transformer to be replaced, one end of the traverse is inserted into the door opening of a tower of the wind turbine and the transformer to be replaced is struck at the attachment point. The second end of the truss then projects out of the tower and at the second attachment point a balance weight such as the new transformer can be struck. If the balance weight is substantially the same weight as the generator to be replaced, then the crosshead is maintained substantially balanced and the transformer to be replaced can be lifted out of the doorway. Optionally, the balance weight may be configured as the new transformer so that the crosshead only needs to be rotated 180 ° and the new transformer can be inserted through the door opening. Then, when the replaced transformer is raised, then it can be achieved that the crosshead is tilted and the new transformer can be transported to its position.
Optional kann die Tauschtraverse mit einem weiteren ersten Anschlagpunkt vorgesehen sein, so dass der Kranhaken an dem weiteren ersten Anschlagpunkt gekoppelt werden kann. Dieser weitere erste Anschlagpunkt ist dann nicht in dem Schwerpunkt der Tauschtraverse vorgesehen, so dass auch Ausgleichsgewichte verwendet werden können, welche nicht dem Gewicht des auszutauschenden Transformators entsprechen. Dies ist beispielsweise dann der Fall, wenn der neue Transformator leichter oder schwerer ist als der auszutauschende Transformator. Optionally, the exchange cross-member may be provided with a further first attachment point, so that the crane hook can be coupled to the further first attachment point. This further first attachment point is then not provided in the center of gravity of the exchange crossbar, so that counterweights can be used which do not correspond to the weight of the transformer to be replaced. This is the case, for example, when the new transformer is lighter or heavier than the transformer to be replaced.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Vorteile und Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend unter Bezugnah- me auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Advantages and embodiments of the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Windenergieanlage und einer Traverse beim Austausch eines Transformators der Windenergieanlage gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel; Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Traverse gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel; 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind power plant and a traverse when replacing a transformer of the wind turbine according to a first embodiment; FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a traverse according to a second embodiment; FIG.
Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen verschiedene Ansichten eines Anschlagpunktes der Traverse von Fig. 2, und  3 and 4 show different views of an attachment point of the traverse of Fig. 2, and
Fig. 5 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Traverse gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.  Fig. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a traverse according to a third embodiment.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Windenergieanlage mit einem Kran zum Austauschen eines Transformators der Windenergieanlage gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel. Die Windenergieanlage 100 weist eine Gondel 110, einen Rotor 120 mit mehreren Rotorblättern 130 sowie einen Turm 140 mit einer Türöffnung 150 auf. Im unteren Bereich des Turms 140 ist ein Transformator 200 vorgesehen. In Fig. 1 ist ebenfalls ein Kran 500 gezeigt, an dessen Kranhaken 510 eine Tauschtraverse 300 angeschlagen ist. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine with a crane for replacing a transformer of the wind turbine according to a first embodiment. The wind energy plant 100 has a nacelle 110, a rotor 120 with a plurality of rotor blades 130 and a tower 140 with a door opening 150. In the lower area of the tower 140, a transformer 200 is provided. In Fig. 1, a crane 500 is also shown, on the crane hook 510 a Tauschraverse 300 is posted.
Die Tauschtraverse 300 weist einen ersten Anschlagpunkt 310 zur Aufnahme eines Kranhakens 510 des Krans 500 sowie zwei zweite Anschlagpunkte 320 an dem ersten und zweiten Ende 321 , 322 der Traverse 300 auf. Die zweiten Anschlagpunkte 320 dienen zur Aufnahme eines auszutauschenden Transformators 200 sowie eines Ausgleichsgewicht 400. The exchange cross-piece 300 has a first attachment point 310 for receiving a crane hook 510 of the crane 500 and two second attachment points 320 at the first and second ends 321, 322 of the traverse 300. The second attachment points 320 serve to receive a transformer 200 to be exchanged and a balance weight 400.
Wenn der Transformator 200 der Windenergieanlage 100 defekt ist, dann wird die Tauschtraverse 300 mit dem ersten Anschlagspunkt 310 an einem Kranhaken 510 befestigt und ein erstes Ende 321 der Tauschtraverse 300 mit einem zweiten Anschlagpunkt 320 wird durch die Türöffnung 150 hindurch eingeführt. Anschließend kann der Transformator 200 an einem zweiten Anschlagpunkt 320 des ersten Endes 321 befestigt werden. An dem anderen zweiten Anschlagpunkt 320 am zweiten Ende 322 kann ein Ausgleichsgewicht 400 befestigt werden. Vorzugsweise entspricht das Gewicht des Ausgleichsgewichtes 400 im Wesentlichen dem Gewicht des auszutauschenden Transformators 200. Optional kann der neue Transformator als Ausgleichsgewicht 400 verwendet werden. Wenn der Transformator 200 unterhalb der Türöffnung 150 vorgesehen ist, kann das erste Ende 321 der Tauschtraverse 300 zunächst durch die Türöffnung 150 eingeführt und dann gekippt bzw. geneigt werden, anschließend kann der Transformator 200 an den zweiten Anschlagpunkt 320 am ersten Ende 321 befestigt werden und das zweite Ende 322 der Traverse mit dem Ausgleichsgewicht 400 kann gekippt bzw. geneigt werden, so dass der Transformator 200 am ersten Ende 321 nach oben bewegt und anschließend durch die Türöffnung 150 gehoben werden kann. Wenn der neue Transformator als Ausgleichsgewicht 400 an dem zweiten Ende 322 der Tauschtraverse 300 vorgesehen ist, dann muss die Tauschtraverse 300 lediglich um 180° gedreht werden und der neue Transformator kann durch die Türöffnung 150 hindurchgeführt werden und das zweite Ende 322 der Tauschtraverse 300 kann gekippt werden, um den Transformator 300 in seine Position zu bringen. If the transformer 200 of the wind turbine 100 is defective, then the exchange truss 300 is attached to the first attachment point 310 on a crane hook 510, and a first end 321 of the exchange truss 300 having a second attachment point 320 is inserted through the door opening 150. Subsequently, the transformer 200 may be attached to a second attachment point 320 of the first end 321. At the other second attachment point 320 at the second end 322, a balance weight 400 may be attached. Preferably, the weight of the balance weight 400 is substantially equal to the weight of the transformer 200 to be replaced. Optionally, the new transformer may be used as the balance weight 400. When the transformer 200 is provided below the door opening 150, the first end 321 of the exchange truss 300 can first be inserted through the door opening 150 and then tilted, then the transformer 200 can be attached to the second attachment point 320 at the first end 321 and the second end 322 of the crosshead with the balance weight 400 may be tilted so that the transformer 200 may be moved upwardly at the first end 321 and subsequently lifted by the door opening 150. If the new transformer is provided as a balance weight 400 at the second end 322 of the swap body 300, then the swivel truss 300 need only be rotated 180 degrees and the new transformer passed through the door opening 150 and the second end 322 of the swap body 300 tilted to bring the transformer 300 into position.
Optional kann an dem Kranhaken 510 ein erster und/oder zweiter Flaschenzug 610, 620 vorgesehen bzw. gekoppelt sein. Der erste Flaschenzug 610 kann dabei mit dem ersten Anschlagpunkt 630 gekoppelt sein. Der zweite Flaschenzug 620 kann mit dem zweiten Ende 322 der Tauschtraverse gekoppelt sein. Durch den zweiten Flaschenzug 620 kann das zweite Ende 322 der Tauschtraverse 300 angehoben oder abgesenkt werden, so dass die Tauschtraverse an sich gekippt bzw. geneigt werden kann. Optionally, a first and / or second pulley 610, 620 may be provided or coupled to the crane hook 510. The first pulley 610 may be coupled to the first attachment point 630. The second pulley 620 may be coupled to the second end 322 of the transfer truss. By the second pulley 620, the second end 322 of the exchange truss 300 can be raised or lowered, so that the exchange truss can be tilted or inclined.
Der erste und zweite Flaschenzug 610, 620 kann über eine erste und zweite Rundschlinge mit dem ersten Anschlagpunkt 310 und dem zweiten Ende 320 verbunden werden. The first and second pulley 610, 620 can be connected via a first and second round sling to the first attachment point 310 and the second end 320.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Austauschen eines defekten Transforma- tors kann auf einen Spezialkran mit einer Schwerlastspitze verzichtet werden. Zum Austauschen des defekten Transformators wird lediglich ein Standardmobilkran benötigt. The inventive method for replacing a defective transformer can be dispensed with a special crane with a heavy load peak. To replace the defective transformer, only a standard mobile crane is needed.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Austauschen eines defekten Transformators kann bei Stahltürmen verwendet werden, welche die Türöffnung oberhalb des Einsatzortes des Transformators vorsehen. Alternativ dazu kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren aber auch bei Betontürmen vorgesehen werden. The inventive method for replacing a defective transformer can be used in steel towers, which provide the door opening above the place of use of the transformer. Alternatively, however, the method according to the invention can also be provided in concrete towers.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn der Transformator unterhalb der Türöffnung in dem Turm der Windenergieanlage vorgesehen ist. The inventive method is particularly advantageous if the transformer is provided below the door opening in the tower of the wind turbine.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Tauschtraverse gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel. Die Tauschtraverse gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel kann gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eingesetzt werden. Die Tauschtraverse 300 weist einen ersten Anschlagpunkt 310 zur Aufnahme eines Kranhakens auf. Die Tauschtraverse weist an ihrem ersten und zweiten Ende jeweils einen zweiten Anschlagpunkt 320 zur Aufnahme des auszutauschenden Transformators 200 und zur Aufnahme eines Ausgleichsgewichts 400 auf. Die Tauschtraverse 300 ist derart ausgelegt, dass sie so- wohl das Gewicht des auszutauschenden Transformators 200 als auch das Ausgleichsgewicht 400 tragen kann. Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 zeigen eine Seitenansicht und eine Draufsicht auf das Ende der Tauschtraverse jeweils mit einem zweiten Anschlagpunkt 320. An dem Ende der Tauschtraverse 300 sind zwei Bleche 321 jeweils mit einem Loch vorgesehen. Ferner ist ein weiteres Blech 322 mit einem größeren Loch vorgesehen. FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a replacement crossbar according to a second exemplary embodiment. The exchange crossbar according to the second embodiment can be used according to the first embodiment. The exchange crossbar 300 has a first attachment point 310 for receiving a crane hook. The exchange crosshead has at its first and second end in each case a second attachment point 320 for receiving the transformer 200 to be replaced and for receiving a balance weight 400. The exchange crossbar 300 is designed such that it can carry both the weight of the transformer 200 to be replaced and the balance weight 400. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show a side view and a plan view of the end of the exchange truss each with a second attachment point 320. At the end of the exchange truss 300 two plates 321 are each provided with a hole. Further, another plate 322 is provided with a larger hole.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Traverse gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel. Hierbei entspricht die Tauschtraverse gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel im Wesentlichen der Tauschtraverse von Fig. 2. Zusätzlich zu der dort gezeigten Tauschtraverse weist die Tauschtraverse gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel neben dem optionalen ersten Anschlagpunkt 310 einen weiteren ersten Anschlagpunkt 311 auf. Optional können weitere erste Anschlagpunkte vorgesehen werden. Der erste Anschlagpunkt 310 kann verwendet werden, wenn das Ausgleichsgewicht, welches an dem zweiten Ende befestigt wird, im Wesentlichen dem Gewicht des auszutauschenden Transformators entspricht. Der weitere erste Anschlagpunkt 311 kann verwendet werden, wenn das Gewicht des Ausgleichsgewichtes nicht im Wesentlichen dem Gewicht des auszutauschenden Transformators entspricht. Hierbei kann das Ausgleichsgewicht beispielsweise als der neue Transformator ausgestaltet sein, wobei der neue Transformator sowohl schwerer als auch leichter sein kann. Fig. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a traverse according to a third embodiment. In this case, according to the third exemplary embodiment, the exchange cross-member substantially corresponds to the exchange cross-member from FIG. 2. In addition to the exchange cross-member shown there, the exchange cross-member according to the third exemplary embodiment has, in addition to the optional first attachment point 310, a further first attachment point 311. Optionally, further first attachment points can be provided. The first abutment point 310 may be used when the balance weight attached to the second end substantially equals the weight of the transformer to be replaced. The further first attachment point 311 can be used if the weight of the balance weight does not substantially correspond to the weight of the transformer to be replaced. Here, the balance weight can be configured, for example, as the new transformer, wherein the new transformer can be both heavier and lighter.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators (200) einer Windenergieanlage (100), wobei der Transformator (200) im inneren eines Turms (140) der Windenergieanlage (100) vorgesehen ist und der Turm (140) eine Türöffnung (150) aufweist, mit den Schritten; A method of replacing a transformer (200) of a wind turbine (100), wherein the transformer (200) is provided inside a tower (140) of the wind turbine (100) and the tower (140) has a door opening (150) the steps;
Koppeln einer Tauschtraverse (300) über einen ersten Anschlagpunkt (310) an einem Kranhaken eines Krans (500),  Coupling a transfer crosspiece (300) via a first attachment point (310) to a crane hook of a crane (500),
Einführen eines ersten Endes (321 ) der Tauschtraverse (300) mit einem zweiten Anschlagpunkt (320) durch die Türöffnung (150) in den Turm (140),  Inserting a first end (321) of the exchange truss (300) with a second attachment point (320) through the door opening (150) into the tower (140),
Anschlagen des auszutauschenden Transformators (200) an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt (320) des ersten Endes (321 ),  Striking the transformer (200) to be replaced at the second stop (320) of the first end (321),
Befestigen eines Ausgleichsgewichts (400) an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt (320) an dem zweiten Ende (322) der Tauschtraverse (300),  Attaching a balance weight (400) to the second attachment point (320) at the second end (322) of the transfer beam (300);
Kippen bzw. Neigen des zweiten Endes (322) der Tauschtraverse (300), bis der Transformator (200) sich auf der Höhe der Türöffnung (150) befindet und  Tilting the second end (322) of the transfer beam (300) until the transformer (200) is at the height of the door opening (150) and
Bewegen des Kranhakens, bis der auszutauschende Transformator (200) sich außerhalb der Türöffnung (150) befindet.  Move the crane hook until the transformer (200) to be replaced is outside the door opening (150).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , wobei 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
ein neuer Transformator als Ausgleichsgewicht (400) vorgesehen ist und die Tauschtraverse um 180° gedreht wird und der neue Transformator an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt (320) am zweiten Ende (322) in die Türöffnung (150) geführt wird.  a new transformer is provided as balance weight (400) and the exchange crosshead is rotated 180 ° and the new transformer is guided at the second attachment point (320) at the second end (322) in the door opening (150).
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei 3. The method of claim 2, wherein
der neue Transformator in die Betriebsposition abgesenkt wird, indem das erste Ende (321 ) der Tauschtraverse (300) angehoben bzw. gekippt wird.  the new transformer is lowered to the operating position by the first end (321) of the exchange crossmember (300) is lifted or tilted.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
wobei an dem zweiten Anschlagpunkt (320) an dem zweiten Ende (322) der Tauschtraverse (300), insbesondere mittels eines Flaschenzuges, der Kranhaken befestigt wird, so dass das zweite Ende (322) der Tauschtraverse (300) angehoben oder abgesenkt werden kann.  wherein at the second attachment point (320) at the second end (322) of the exchange crossmember (300), in particular by means of a pulley, the crane hook is fastened, so that the second end (322) of the exchange crossmember (300) can be raised or lowered.
5. Tauschtraverse zur Verwendung in einem Verfahren zum Austauschen eines Transformators einer Windenergieanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, mit 5. exchange truss for use in a method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine according to one of claims 1-3, with
einem länglichen Körper, einem ersten Anschlagpunkt (310) zur Aufnahme eines Kranhakens eines Krans, und an elongated body, a first attachment point (310) for receiving a crane hook of a crane, and
jeweils einem zweiten Anschlagpunkt (320) an dem ersten und zweiten Ende (321, 322) der Tauschtraverse (300) jeweils zur Aufnahme eines auszutauschenden Transfor- 5 mators (200) und eines Ausgleichsgewichts (400).  in each case a second attachment point (320) at the first and second ends (321, 322) of the exchange cross-member (300) in each case for receiving a transformer 5 (200) to be exchanged and a balance weight (400).
6. Tauschtraverse nach Anspruch 5, 6. exchange crossbar according to claim 5,
wobei der erste Anschlagpunkt (310) im Wesentlichen im Schwerpunkt der Tauschtraverse (300) vorgesehen ist.  wherein the first abutment point (310) is provided substantially in the center of gravity of the exchange crossmember (300).
o O
7. Tauschtraverse nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, ferner mit  7. exchange truss according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising
einem weiteren ersten Anschlagpunkt (310), welcher nicht im Schwerpunkt der Tauschtraverse vorgesehen ist.  a further first attachment point (310), which is not provided in the center of gravity of the exchange truss.
EP11764201.7A 2010-10-04 2011-10-04 Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation Active EP2625130B1 (en)

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RS20160670A RS55059B1 (en) 2010-10-04 2011-10-04 Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation
MEP-2016-129A ME02435B (en) 2010-10-04 2011-10-04 Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation
SI201130881A SI2625130T1 (en) 2010-10-04 2011-10-04 Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation
HRP20160883TT HRP20160883T1 (en) 2010-10-04 2016-07-15 Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation

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DE102010041940A DE102010041940B4 (en) 2010-10-04 2010-10-04 Method for replacing a transformer of a wind turbine
PCT/EP2011/067311 WO2012045741A1 (en) 2010-10-04 2011-10-04 Method for replacing a transformer in a wind energy installation

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HUE028872T2 (en) 2017-01-30
AU2011311656B2 (en) 2014-08-14
BR112013006728A2 (en) 2016-06-14
CN103140430A (en) 2013-06-05
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JP2013543075A (en) 2013-11-28
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MX2013003231A (en) 2013-06-24
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TWI461604B (en) 2014-11-21
DE102010041940A1 (en) 2012-04-05
CL2013000897A1 (en) 2013-12-20
US9027975B2 (en) 2015-05-12
KR101526777B1 (en) 2015-06-05
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RS55059B1 (en) 2016-12-30
ME02435B (en) 2016-09-20
ES2582881T3 (en) 2016-09-15
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PT2625130T (en) 2016-08-18
JP5686902B2 (en) 2015-03-18
AU2011311656A1 (en) 2013-04-11
CY1117903T1 (en) 2017-05-17
CA2811114A1 (en) 2012-04-12
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ZA201301959B (en) 2013-11-27
CN103140430B (en) 2014-12-10
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EP2625130B1 (en) 2016-05-18
TW201233898A (en) 2012-08-16

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