EP2619258A1 - Préimprégnés à base d'une composition de polyuréthane stable au stockage, réactive ou hautement réactive - Google Patents

Préimprégnés à base d'une composition de polyuréthane stable au stockage, réactive ou hautement réactive

Info

Publication number
EP2619258A1
EP2619258A1 EP11757219.8A EP11757219A EP2619258A1 EP 2619258 A1 EP2619258 A1 EP 2619258A1 EP 11757219 A EP11757219 A EP 11757219A EP 2619258 A1 EP2619258 A1 EP 2619258A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prepregs
reactive
groups
uretdione
aliphatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11757219.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Friedrich Georg Schmidt
Sandra Reemers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa GmbH filed Critical Evonik Degussa GmbH
Publication of EP2619258A1 publication Critical patent/EP2619258A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08L75/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/243—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using carbon fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2926—Coated or impregnated inorganic fiber fabric
    • Y10T442/2984—Coated or impregnated carbon or carbonaceous fiber fabric

Definitions

  • the invention relates to prepregs based on a storage-stable reactive or highly reactive polyurethane composition for the production of composite construction products with visible cohesive fiber fabrics or layers.
  • Prepregs based on storage-stable reactive or highly reactive polyurea composition are known from DE 102009001793, DE 102009001806 and DE 10201029355.
  • Fiber composite materials are increasingly being processed into design objects.
  • Carbon fiber fabrics are mostly processed
  • the direct production of corresponding composite components via the so-called prepreg technology is a hitherto unsolved problem.
  • the object of the present invention was to produce visible carbon composite components with special prepregs based on storage-stable reactive or highly reactive
  • the object is achieved by using prepregs based on stable-storage reactive or highly reactive aliphatic polyurethane compositions having a markedly reduced fiber volume ratio, which are already present in prepreg preparation in the matrix material composition.
  • the invention relates to prepregs with a Faservolumenantei! of less than 50%, essentially composed of
  • polyurethane compositions substantially mixtures of an isocyanate-reactive functional group-containing polymers b) as binders and internally blocked and / or blocked with blocking agents aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or (cyclo) aliphatic di- or polyisocyanate as hardener a) included.
  • the transparent matrix material may additionally contain suitable light stabilizers and / or oxidation stabilizers.
  • the erfindungsbefflets and the hergesteilten composite (components) have a surface with visible structure of the fiber-shaped carrier used A).
  • the preparation of the prepregs can be done in principle by any method.
  • a powdery reactive or highly reactive polyurethane composition B) according to the invention by powder impregnation, preferably by a
  • the powder (total or fraction) is preferably spread over the fiber-shaped carrier, for. B. on webs, Kohie-Fasergeiege or fiber fabric, applied and then fixed.
  • the fiber-shaped support coated with powder is preferably heated directly after the scattering process in a heating section (eg with SR lamps), so that the particles are sintered, whereby temperatures of 80 to 100 ° C. are not exceeded should prevent the reaction of the highly reactive matrix material.
  • a heating section eg with SR lamps
  • the prepregs can be combined and cut to different shapes as needed.
  • the prepregs can also be produced by the direct melt impregnation method.
  • the principle of the direct melt-impregnation process of the prepregs is that first a reactive or highly reactive
  • melt is produced.
  • This melt of the powdery, reactive polyurethane composition B) according to the invention is then applied directly to the fiber-shaped carrier A), that is, there is an impregnation of the fiber-shaped carrier A) with the melt of B).
  • the cooled storable prepregs can be further processed into composites at a later date.
  • Polyurethane compositions very well wet the fiber of the wearer.
  • the preparation of the prepregs can also be done mitteis a solvent.
  • the principle of the process for the production of prepregs is then that first a solution or a dispersion which the inventive reactive or highly reactive
  • Polyurethane composition B is prepared from the individual components, in a suitable common solvent. This solution or dispersion of the reactive
  • Polyurethane composition B) is then applied directly to the fiber-shaped carrier A), wherein the fiber-shaped carrier is impregnated / impregnated with this solution. Subsequently, the solvent is removed.
  • the solvent is completely at low temperature, preferably ⁇ 100 ° C, by e.g. thermal treatment or
  • Suitable aprotic solvents for the process according to the invention are any aprotic
  • Liquids are used that are not reactive to the reactive ones
  • Polyurethane compositions are sufficient solubility against the individual components of the reactive polyurethane composition used and in the process step of the solvent removal to small traces ( ⁇ 0.5% by weight) can be deducted from the impregnated with the reactive polyurethane composition prepreg, wherein a recycling the separated solvent is advantageous,
  • ketones acetone, methyl ethyl ketone
  • ethylisobutyl ketone cyclohexanone
  • ethers tetrahydrofuran
  • esters n-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, 1,2-propylene carbonate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate).
  • the prepregs according to the invention After cooling to room temperature, the prepregs according to the invention have a very high storage stability at room temperature as soon as the matrix material has a Tg of at least 40 ° C. This is at least a few days at room temperature, depending on the reactive polyurethane composition contained, but typically the prepregs are shelf stable for several weeks at 40 ° C and below.
  • the prepregs produced in this way are not sticky and therefore very easy to handle and continue to process.
  • the reactive or highly reactive polyurethane compositions used according to the invention therefore have a very good adhesion and distribution on the fiber-shaped carrier.
  • the prepregs produced in this way can be combined and cut to different shapes as needed.
  • the prepregs are cut, optionally sewn or otherwise fixed and pressed in a suitable form under pressure and optionally applying a vacuum.
  • this process of producing the composites from the prepregs depending on the curing time at temperatures above about 160 ° C when using reactive matrix materials (variant I), or provided with appropriate catalysts highly reactive matrix materials (variant Ii) at temperatures of over 100 ° C.
  • reactive matrix materials variant I
  • variant Ii highly reactive matrix materials
  • Ais Matrixmateriai is defined in the invention, the used for the preparation of the prepregs reactive or highly reactive polyurethane composition and at In the description of the prepregs, the still reactive or highly reactive polyurethane composition applied to the fiber by the method of the invention is defined as the matrix-crosslinked matrix materials of the reactive or highly reactive polyurethane compositions.
  • the fibrous carrier in the present invention is made of fibrous material (also commonly called reinforcing fiber), generally any material constituting the carbon fibers is suitable.
  • Carbon fibers also carbon fiber or carbon fibers
  • isotropic fibers have only low Festigkeifen and less technical importance, anisotropic fibers show high strength and stiffness with low elongation at break.
  • the fiber-shaped material is a texfilesinstitungebiide.
  • Nonwoven textile fabrics are also suitable, as are so-called knitted fabrics, such as knitted fabrics and
  • Knitted fabrics but also non-meshed packages such as fabrics, scrims or braids.
  • a distinction long fiber and short fiber materials as a carrier are suitable in the context of the invention as a fiber-shaped carrier.
  • An overview of reinforcing fibers can be found in "Composites Technologies, Paolo Ermanni (Version 4), Script for the lecture ETH Zurich, August 2007, Chapter 7".
  • the fiber volume fraction of the prepreg varies according to the invention of ⁇ 50%, preferably ⁇ 40%, particularly preferably ⁇ 35%.
  • suitable polyurethane compositions consist of mixtures of a functional group - reactive with respect to NCO groups - having polymers b) (binder), also referred to as resin, and temporarily deactivated, that is internally blocked and / or blocked with blocking agents aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or
  • hardener a (cyclo) aliphatic di- or polyisocyanates, also referred to as hardener a) (component a)).
  • Suitable functional groups of the polymers b) are hydroxyl groups, amino groups and thiol groups which react with the free isocyanate groups with addition and thus crosslink and harden the polyurethane composition.
  • the binder components must have a solid resin character (Gia temperature greater than room temperature).
  • Suitable binders are polyesters, polyethers, polyacrylates, polycarbonates and polyurethanes having an OH number of 20 to 500 mg KOH / gram and an average molecular weight of 250 to 6000 g / mol. Particular preference is given to hydroxyl-group-containing polyesters or polyacrylates having an OH number of 20 to 150 mg KOH / gram and an average molecular weight of 500 to 6000 g / mol.
  • the amount of the functional group-containing polymer b) is selected so that each functional group of component b) 0.6 to 2 NGO equivalents or 0.3 to 1 uretdione group of component a) is omitted.
  • hardener component a) blocked or internally blocked (uretdione) di- and polyisocyanates are used with blocking agents,
  • the diisocyanates and polyisocyanates used according to the invention can be obtained from any desired
  • Suitable aliphatic di- or polyisocyanates advantageously have 3 to 16
  • Carbon atoms preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms, in the linear or branched Aikyienrest and suitable cycloaliphatic or (cyclo) aliphatic diisocyanates
  • isophorone diisocyanate is the case.
  • cycioaliphatic diisocyanates those having only directly attached to the cycloaliphatic ring NCO groups, for. B. Hi 2 MDI.
  • Examples are cyclohexane diisocyanate, ethylcyclohexane diisocyanate, ethylcyclohexane diisocyanate, propylcyclohexane diisocyanate, methyldiethylcyclohexane diisocyanate, propane diisocyanate, butane diisocyanate, pentane diisocyanate, hexane diisocyanate,
  • Heptane diisocyanate, octane diisocyanate, nonane diisocyanate, nonane triisocyanate such as 4-isocyanatomethyl-1, 8-octane diisocyanate (TIN), decane and triisocyanate, undecanediol and triisocyanate, dodecane diisocyanates and triisocyanates.
  • TIN 4-isocyanatomethyl-1, 8-octane diisocyanate
  • decane and triisocyanate decane and triisocyanate
  • undecanediol and triisocyanate dodecane diisocyanates and triisocyanates.
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • Diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane H 12 DI
  • 2-methylpentane diisocyanate MPDI
  • 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate / 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate TMDI
  • NBDI Norbornane diisocyanate
  • mixtures of di- and polyisocyanates can be used.
  • oligoisocyanates or polyisocyanates which are prepared from the abovementioned di- or polyisocyanates or mixtures thereof by linking by means of Urethane, allophanate, urea, biuret, uretdione, amide, isocyanurate, carbodiimide,
  • oxadiazinetrione or iminooxadiazinedione structures are particularly suitable.
  • isocyanurates especially from IPDI and / or HDL
  • the polyisocyanates used in the invention are blocked. In question come to external blocking agents, such. Ethyl acetoacetate, diisopropylamine,
  • the preferred hardener components used are IPDI adducts containing isocyanurate groups and ⁇ -caproactam blocked isocyanate structures.
  • the internal blocking is possible and this is preferably used.
  • the internal blockage occurs via a dimer formation via uretdione structures, which at elevated
  • the reactive polyurethane compositions may contain additional catalysts. These are metailorganischen catalysts such. B.
  • Dibutyltin diurea (DBTL), stannous octoate, bismuth neodecanoate, or tertiary amines such.
  • B. 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2.] Octane, in amounts of 0.001 - 1 wt .-%.
  • powder coating technology customary additives, such as leveling agents, z. As polysilicone or acrylates, Lichtschutzmitfel z. As sterically hindered amines, antioxidants or other auxiliaries, such as. As described in EP 669 353, be added in a total amount of 0.05 to 5 wt .-%.
  • reactive (variant I) means that the reactive polyurethane compositions used according to the invention are as described above
  • the reactive polyurethane compositions used in the invention are used under normal conditions, for. B. with DBTL catalysis, from 160 ° C, usually from about 180 ° C. hardened.
  • Polyurethane composition is usually within 5 to 60 minutes.
  • a matrix material B) is preferably used in the present invention, from a polyurethane compositions B) containing reactive uretdione groups, essentially containing a) at least one curing agent containing uretdione groups, based on
  • Form is present and has a free NCO Gehait of less than 5 wt .-% and a uretdione content of 3-25 wt .-%, b) at least one hydroxyl-containing polymer which is below 40 ° C in solid form and above 125 ° C. is in liquid form and has an OH number between 20 and 200 mg KOH / gram, c) optionally at least one catalyst, d) optionally known from polyurethane chemistry auxiliaries and additives, so that the two components a) and b) in the Ratio are present on each
  • Hydroxyl group of component b) 0.3 to 1 uretdione group of component a) is omitted, preferably 0.45 to 0.55.
  • the latter corresponds to an NCO / OH ratio of 0.9 to 1, 1 to 1.
  • Dialkylaminopyridinen, Triaikyiphosphinen, phosphorous acid triamides or imidazoles The reaction - optionally carried out in solvents, but preferably in the absence of solvents - is stopped when a desired conversion is achieved by addition of catalyst poisons. Excess monomeric isocyanate is followed by Short path evaporation separated. If the catalyst is volatile enough, the reaction mixture can be freed from the catalyst in the course of the monomer separation. The addition of catalyst poisons can be dispensed with in this case.
  • a wide range of isocyanates is suitable for the preparation of polyisocyanates containing uretdione groups.
  • the above di- and polyisocyanates can be used. However, preference is given to diisocyanates and polyisocyanates of any aliphatic,
  • IPD isophorone diisocyanate
  • HD Hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • H12MDI Diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane
  • MPDI 2-methylpentane diisocyanate
  • TMDI 2,2,4-trimethyihexamethylene diisocyanate / 2,4,4-trimethylhexane-hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • NBDI Norbornane diisocyanate
  • the matrix material used is IPDI and / or HDI.
  • the implementation of these polyisocyanates containing uretdione groups to uretdione group-containing hardeners a) involves the reaction of the free NCO Racen with hydroxyi jury inconveniencen monomers or polymers, such as.
  • Polycaprolactams polyepoxides, polyester amides, polyurethanes or low molecular weight di-, tri- and / or tetra-alkali as chain extenders and optionally monoamines and / or monoalcohols as chain terminators and has been frequently described (EP 669 353, EP 669 354, DE 30 30 572, EP 639 598 or EP 803 524).
  • Preferred uretdione hardeners a) have a free NCO content of less than 5 wt .-% and a content of uretdione groups from 3 to 25 wt .-%, preferably 6 to 18 wt .-% (calculated as C2 2O2, molecular weight 84 ). Preference is given to polyesters and monomeric dialcohols.
  • the hardeners may also have isocyanurate, biuret, aliophanate, urethane and / or urea structures.
  • polyesters, polyethers, polyacrylates, polyurethanes and / or polycarbonates having an OH number of 20-200 in mg KOH / gram.
  • Such binders have been described, for example, in EP 669 354 and EP 254 152. Of course you can It is also possible to use mixtures of such polymers.
  • Hydroxyl tendencyhaitigen polymers b) is chosen so that each hydroxyl group of component b) 0.3 to 1 uretdione group of component a), preferably 0.45 to 0.55, is omitted.
  • additional catalysts c) may be present in the reactive polyurethane compositions B) according to the invention.
  • Catalysts such as. As dibutyidyldinaurate, zinc octoate, bismuth neodecanoate, or tertiary amines, such as. B. 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2.] Octane, in amounts of 0.001 - 1 wt .-%.
  • These reactive polyurethane compositions used in this invention are used under normal conditions, for. B. with DBTL catalysis, from 160 ° C, usually cured from about 180 ° C and designated as variant I.
  • the additives customary in powder coating technology such as leveling agents, eg. As polysilicone or acrylates, light stabilizers z. As sterically hindered amines, oxidation stabilizers or other auxiliaries, such as. As described in EP 669 353, be added in a total amount of 0.05 to 5 wt .-%.
  • phenolic antioxidants containing at least one sterically hindered phenolic grouping are: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol, 2,2 'methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6 tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4 '- thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenoi), 4 , 4 '-Butyiiden-bis- (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4' - methylidene-bis- (2,6-di-tert-butylphenoi), 2,2 '-Methyliden- bis- [4-methyl-6- (1-methylcyclohexyl) phenol], tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-tert-butoxymethylphenol] tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-tert
  • butyl-4-hydroxybenzyi) isocyanurate, 1,1,3-tris- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-phenyl) -butane, 1,3,5-tris (3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) mesitylene; Ethylene glycol bis [3,3-bis (3 '-tert-butyl-4' hydroxyphenyl) butyrate], 2,2 '-Thiodiethyl-bis 3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2 '-Methyien-bis- (4-methyl-6-cyclo- hexylphenoi), 1, 6-bis Hexandioi propionate (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) , 2,4-bis- (n-octylthio) -6- (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylanilino)
  • UV absorbers can be selected, for example, from the group of substituted benzophenones,
  • Salicylic acid esters cinnamic acid esters, oxalanilides, benzoxazinones, hydroxyphenylbenztriazoie, triazines or benzylidene malonate.
  • UV absorbers of the benztriazoi type are sold, for example, under the trademark TiNUVIN P (2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole) by Ciba Speciaity Chemicals Inc.
  • HALS Hindered Amine Light Stabilizers
  • the reactive polyurethane compositions used according to the invention are used under normal conditions, eg. B. with DBTL catalysis, from 160 ° C, usually from about 180 ° C cured.
  • the reactive polyurethane compositions used according to the invention have a very good flow and thus good impregnability and, when cured, excellent resistance to chemicals.
  • aliphatic crosslinkers eg IPDI or H12MDI
  • a good weather resistance is additionally achieved.
  • a matrix material is used
  • B) containing at least one highly reactive Uretdion phenomenon polyurethane composition essentially containing a) at least one hardener containing uretdione groups, based on diisocyanates or polyisocyanates containing aliphatic, (cyclo) aliphatic or cycloaliphatic uretdione groups,
  • Ammonium acetylacetonate and / or quaternary phosphonium acetylacetonate e) optionally known from polyurethane chemistry auxiliaries and additives.
  • Polyurethane composition as Matrixmateriai, essentially containing
  • Ammonium acetylacetonate and / or quaternary phosphonium acetylacetonate e) optionally known from polyurethane chemistry auxiliaries and additives, so that the two components a) and b) are present in the ratio that on each
  • Hydroxyl group of component b) 0.3 to 1 uretdione group of component a) is omitted, preferably 0.6 to 0.9.
  • the latter corresponds to an NCO / OH ratio of 0.6 to 2 to 1 or 1.2 to 1.8 to 1.
  • Polyurethane compositions are cured at temperatures of 100 to 160 ° C and referred to as variant Ii.
  • suitable highly reactive uretdione-containing polyurethane compositions comprise mixtures of temporarily deactivated, ie uretdione-containing (internally blocked) di- or polyisocyanates, also called hardeners a), and the
  • catalysts c) and d) and optionally additionally a functional group - reactive with respect to NCO groups - exhibiting polymer (binder), also referred to as resin b).
  • the catalysts ensure cure of the uretdione groups at low temperature polyurethane compositions. Contain the uretdione groups
  • Polyurethane compositions are thus highly reactive.
  • component a) and b) are used as described above.
  • Tetradecyltrihexylammonium hydroxide Tetradecyltrihexylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctadecylammonium hydroxide,
  • Methyltriethylammoniumrrsethanoiat Tetramethylammoniummethanolat
  • Tetrahexylammonium methanoate Tetrahexylammonium methanoate, tetraoctylammonium methanoate,
  • Tetradecylammonium methoxide Tetradecylammonium methoxide, tetradecyltrihexylammonium methoxide,
  • Triethylmethylammonium methoxide trimethyivinylammonium methoxide
  • Methyltriethylammoniumbenzyiat Tetramethylammoniumbenzylat
  • Tetraethylammoniumbenzylate Tetrapropylammoniumbenzylate, tetrabutylammoniumbenzylate, tetrapentylammoniumbenzylate, tetrahexylammoniumbenzylate, tetraoctylammoniumbenzylate, Tetradecylammonium benzylate, tetradecyltribenzylbenzylate,
  • Triethylmethylammonium benzylate Tri-methylvinylammonium benzylate,
  • Tetramethylammonium fluoride Tetramethylammonium fluoride, tetraetylammonium fluoride, tetrabutylammonium fluoride,
  • Tetraoctyiamrrsonium fluoride benzyltrimethylammonium fluoride, teirabiylphosphonium hydroxide, tetrabutylphosphorus fluoride, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium iodide, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetraebisylammonium bromide,
  • Tetraethylammonium iodide Tetraethylammonium iodide, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium iodide, benzyitrimethylammonium chloride, benzylirylammonium ammonium chloride, benzyl tripropylammonium chloride, benzyl tributyl ammonium chloride,
  • Tetraethylammonium hydroxide Tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetrapeniylammonium hydroxide, tetrahexylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctylammonium hydroxide, tetradecyiammonium hydroxide, tetradecyitrihexiammonium hydroxide,
  • Tetraoctadecyiammonium hydroxide Tetraoctadecyiammonium hydroxide, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide,
  • Triethylmethylammonium hydroxide trimethylvinylammonium hydroxide
  • Tetramethylammonium fluoride Tetramethylammonium fluoride, tetraethylammonium fluoride, tetrabutylammonium fluoride,
  • Tetraoctyiamrnoniumfluorid and Benzyitrimethyiammoniumfluorid These catalysts may be added alone or in mixtures. Preference is given to using tetraethylammonium benzoate and / or tetrabutylammonium hydroxide.
  • the proportion of catalysts c) may be from 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.3 to 2% by weight, based on the total formulation of the matrix material.
  • a variant according to the invention includes the attachment of such catalysts c) to the functional groups of the polymers b).
  • these catalysts may be surrounded with an inert shell and encapsulated with it.
  • Glycidyl ether and glycidyl esters aliphatic epoxides, diglycidyl ethers based on bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylates.
  • epoxides are triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC,
  • ARALDIT 810 Huntsman
  • mixtures of terephthalic acid digiycidyl ester and trimellitic triglycidyl ester trade name ARALDIT PT 910 and 912, Huntsman
  • glycidyl ester of versatic acid trade name KARDURA E10, Shell
  • ECC 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate
  • EPC 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate
  • EPC 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3 ', 4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Diglycidyl ether based on bisphenol A trade name EPIKOTE 828, Shell
  • Ethylhexyigiycidylether butylglycidyiether, Pentaerythrittetragiycid
  • Epoxy groups It can also be used mixtures. Preference is given to using ARALDIT PT 910 and / or 912. Suitable cocatalysts d2) are metal acetylacetonates. Examples are
  • Zinc acetylacetonate lithium acetylacetonate and tin acetylacetonate, alone or in mixtures. Zinc acetylacetonate is preferably used.
  • cocatalysts d2 are quaternary ammonium acetylacetonates or quaternary phosphonium acetylacetonates.
  • catalysts examples include tetramethylammonium acetylacetonate,
  • Tetraethylammoniumacetylacetonat and / or tetrabutylammonium acetylacetonate used.
  • the proportion of cocatalysts d1) and / or d2) may be from 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably from 0.3 to 2 wt .-%, based on the Automatformui réelle the matrix material.
  • the customary in powder coating technology additives such as leveling agents, for. B.
  • Oxidation stabilizers or other auxiliaries as described z, B, described in EP 669 353, in a total amount of 0.05 to 5 wt .-%, as already described above.
  • Curing temperature not only saves energy and curing time, but it can also use many temperature-sensitive carrier.
  • Highly reactive (variant II) in the context of this invention means that the uretdione group-containing polyurethane compositions used according to the invention cure at temperatures of 100 to 160 ° C, depending on the nature of the carrier. Preferably, this is
  • the time for curing the polyurethane composition used according to the invention is within 5 to 60 minutes.
  • the reactive or highly reactive uretdione-containing polyurethane compositions B) used according to the invention have a very good flow and thus a good impregnating ability and, when cured, an excellent
  • the preparation of Matixmaferiais can be carried out as follows:
  • the homogenization of alier components for the preparation of the polyurethane composition B) can be carried out in suitable aggregates, such as.
  • suitable aggregates such as.
  • kneaders, or extruders carried out, with upper temperature limits of 120 to 130 ° C should not be exceeded.
  • the mixture of the individual components is preferably carried out in an extruder at temperatures which, although above the melting ranges of the individual components, but below the Temperature at which the distraction reaction starts. The use directly from the melt or after cooling and Hers notorious a powder is then possible.
  • Polyurethane composition B) can also be carried out in a solvent by mixing in the abovementioned aggregates.
  • Polyurethane compositions essentially consist of a mixture of a reactive resin and a hardener. This mixture has a Tg of at least 40 ° C after a melt homogenization and usually reacts only above 160 ° C, in the reactive polyurethane compositions, or above 100 ° C in the highly reactive polyurethane compositions to form a crosslinked polyurethane and thus forms the matrix of Composites. This means that the prepregs of the invention after their preparation from the carrier and the applied reactive polyurethane composition as
  • Matrix material which is present in uncrosslinked but reactive form, are constructed.
  • the prepregs are thus stable in storage, usually several days and even weeks and can thus be further processed into composites at any time. This is the essential difference to the 2-component systems already described above, which are reactive and non-rodent, as they immediately begin to react and crosslink after application to polyurethanes.
  • the use of the prepreg according to the invention on the basis of lightfast, iagerstabiler reactive or highly reactive polyurethane composition is carried out as transparent
  • FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, the production of a prepreg according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows an example of the densification method of double-layered storage-stable prepregs with the same matrix material but different fiber volume fractions.
  • the production of the prepregs according to the invention can be carried out by means of the known systems and apparatuses according to Reaction Injection Molding (RIM), Reinforced Reaction Injection Molding (RRIM), pultrusion processes, by application of the solution in a roll mill or by means of a hot doctor blade, or by further processes
  • the invention also relates to the use of the prepregs, in particular with fiber-shaped carriers made of carbon fibers.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the prepregs according to the invention, for the production of composite components in shipbuilding and shipbuilding, in the air and
  • Space technology in the automotive industry, for two-wheelers, preferably motorcycles and bicycles, in the areas of construction, medical technology, sports, electrical and electronics industry and / or parts for power generation plants, eg. B. for rotor blades in wind turbines.
  • the invention also relates to the composite components according to the invention from the prepregs, wherein the composite (components) produced have a surface with a visible structure of the fiber-shaped support A) used.
  • a reactive polyurethane composition having the following formulation was used to make the prepregs and composites.
  • the comminuted feedstocks from the table are intimately mixed in a premixer and then homogenized in the extruder to a maximum of 130 ° C. Thereafter, this reactive polyurethane composition can be used to prepare the prepregs depending on the manufacturing method. This reactive polyurethane composition can then be used after milling to prepare the prepregs after the powder impregnation process. For direct melt impregnation methods, the homogenized melt mixture produced in the extruder can be used immediately. DSCs
  • the DSC monodispersions (glass transition temperature determinations and reaction enthalpy measurements) are carried out with a Toledo DSC 821 e according to DIN 53765.
  • the Giastemperatur of the extrudate was determined to be 61 ° C, the Mattersenthaipie for the crosslinking reaction was in the fresh state at 67.5 J / g.
  • the storage stability of the prepregs was determined from the gas transition temperatures and the reaction phases of the crosslinking reaction by DSC studies.
  • the cross-linking ability of the PU prepregs is not affected by storage at room temperature for a period of 5 weeks.
  • the composite components are produced by means of a pressing technique known to the person skilled in the art on a composite press.
  • the homogeneous prepregs produced by means of direct melt impregnation were pressed on a table press into composite materials.
  • This tabletop press is the Polystat 200 T from Schwabenthan, with which the prepregs are pressed at temperatures between 120 and 200 ° C to the corresponding composite boards.
  • the pressure is varied between normal pressure and 450 bar.
  • Dynamic crimping d. H.
  • changing pressure applications may prove advantageous for the wetting of the fibers; in one example, the temperature of the press is raised from 90 ° C. during the melt-down phase to 110 ° C, the pressure is increased after a melting phase of 3 minutes to 450 bar, the temperature is continuously increased to 140 ° C. Subsequently, the temperature is raised to 180 ° C and at the same time the pressure at 350 bar until the removal of the composite component from the press after 30 minutes, is held.
  • Fiber volume fraction of> 50% are examined with regard to the degree of hardening (determination by DSC).
  • the determination of the glass transition temperature of the cured matrix shows the progress of the crosslinking at different curing temperatures.
  • the crosslinking is complete after about 30 minutes, in which case no reaction enthalpy for the crosslinking reaction is more detectable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des préimprégnés à base d'une composition de polyuréthane stable au stockage, réactive ou hautement réactive, pour la fabrication d'éléments composites comportant des structures visibles tissées ou couchées de fibres de carbone.
EP11757219.8A 2010-09-23 2011-08-31 Préimprégnés à base d'une composition de polyuréthane stable au stockage, réactive ou hautement réactive Withdrawn EP2619258A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010041243 DE102010041243A1 (de) 2010-09-23 2010-09-23 Prepregs auf der Basis lagerstabiler reaktiven oder hochreaktiven Polyurethanzusammensetzung
PCT/EP2011/064942 WO2012038203A1 (fr) 2010-09-23 2011-08-31 Préimprégnés à base d'une composition de polyuréthane stable au stockage, réactive ou hautement réactive

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EP2619258A1 true EP2619258A1 (fr) 2013-07-31

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US (1) US20130231017A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2619258A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013541613A (fr)
KR (1) KR20130109143A (fr)
CN (1) CN103210024A (fr)
AU (1) AU2011304539A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112013006955A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2811328A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010041243A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2013002957A (fr)
RU (1) RU2013118435A (fr)
TW (1) TW201226455A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012038203A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201302840B (fr)

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KR20130109143A (ko) 2013-10-07
CN103210024A (zh) 2013-07-17
DE102010041243A1 (de) 2012-03-29
MX2013002957A (es) 2013-06-03
JP2013541613A (ja) 2013-11-14
WO2012038203A1 (fr) 2012-03-29
BR112013006955A2 (pt) 2017-05-30
ZA201302840B (en) 2013-12-23
AU2011304539A1 (en) 2013-04-11
CA2811328A1 (fr) 2012-03-29
RU2013118435A (ru) 2014-10-27
US20130231017A1 (en) 2013-09-05

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