EP2599929A1 - Asymmetrischer Gitterunterzug - Google Patents

Asymmetrischer Gitterunterzug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2599929A1
EP2599929A1 EP11191712.6A EP11191712A EP2599929A1 EP 2599929 A1 EP2599929 A1 EP 2599929A1 EP 11191712 A EP11191712 A EP 11191712A EP 2599929 A1 EP2599929 A1 EP 2599929A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lattice girder
joists
lattice
joist
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11191712.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hugo Van den Broecke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intersig NV
Original Assignee
Intersig NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intersig NV filed Critical Intersig NV
Priority to EP11191712.6A priority Critical patent/EP2599929A1/de
Publication of EP2599929A1 publication Critical patent/EP2599929A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B5/29—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated the prefabricated parts of the beams consisting wholly of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0495—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in several non-parallel surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lattice girders comprising longitudinal wires connected by truss members and methods for the production thereof.
  • the lattice girders can be used as a construction material, for example in concrete structures.
  • Lattice girders are girders where the flanges are connected by a lattice web.
  • the lattice web provides resistance to bending of the girder with a minimal amount of material. Because of this combination of strength and economy, lattice girders are a popular construction material, which is for example used for the manufacture of reinforced concrete.
  • lattice girders are known in the art.
  • the lattice web consists of a single longitudinal bar with a more or less sinusoidal shape, which extends over the total length of the lattice girder.
  • An example thereof is the lattice girder described in patent EP0079892 .
  • the size and shape variation of the typical lattice girders used in construction is small. While the size and shape of the wires may vary, the width and height variation is limited, typically providing lattice girders with heights between 100 and 160 mm and widths between 70 and 95 mm. These constraints are required in order to maintain the structural force that the lattice girders provide. Lattice girders are often used in construction as reinforcement material for concrete floors. In order to improve the structural strength the size of the wires is often increased, especially when a high structural strength in the longitudinal direction is required.
  • the improved the structural strength by the larger wires of the lattice girders no longer perform their function as the concrete now has enough structural strength of its own. Therefore the larger wire size constitutes in a waste of material and only performs its function during the drying of the concrete.
  • the concrete slabs reinforced with lattice girders are typically used on the first or higher floors of a building where the floors can be supported from underneath.
  • the present invention relates in general to lattice girders and methods for the production thereof.
  • the present invention provides an asymmetrical lattice girder supporting frame comprising:
  • the present invention relates to a lattice girder wherein the size difference between the edges joining the top joist corner with each of the base joist corners is at least 1.5%, more preferably at least 2.5% and most preferably at least 10%, for example 10%, 15% or 20%.
  • the present invention relates to a lattice girder wherein the cross-section of said lattice girder, perpendicular to said joists, provides an acute triangular geometry.
  • the present invention relates to a lattice girder wherein the height of the lattice girder ranges between 60 and 200 mm, and the width of the lattice girder ranges between 50 and 120 mm.
  • the present invention provides a lattice girder wherein as least one of said joists has a diameter which is different from the diameter of the other joists. More particularly, the present invention relates to a lattice girder wherein said lattice girder further comprises at least one guiding feature for guiding support columns through said lattice girder. More preferably, said guiding feature is a pipe, preferably of a cylindrical shape, attached to said lattice girder passing between said top joist and one of said base joists. More preferably, the central axis of said pipe is perpendicular to the direction of said joists. Typically, the diameter of said guiding feature ranges between 15 and 60 mm, and more preferably between 20 and 30 mm, for example 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 or 30 mm.
  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an asymmetric lattice girder according to the present invention, comprising the steps of:
  • step e) includes welding the ends and apexes of said truss members to said joists.
  • the present invention relates to a lattice girder floor comprising a precast concrete slab with one or more cast in lattice girders according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a lattice girder or a lattice girder floor according to the present invention as a construction material. More particularly, to the use of a lattice girder or a lattice girder floor according to the present invention for guiding support columns, and more particularly to the use of a lattice girder or a lattice girder floor according to the present invention for supporting floors.
  • the present invention generally relates to lattice girders that are asymmetrical in that the triangular geometry of the cross-section of said lattice girder us such that the size of the edges between the top corner and the side corners are unequal.
  • an asymmetrical lattice girder By providing such an asymmetrical lattice girder the structural force of the lattice girder is reduced, as compared to normal lattice girders having a symmetrical form. While one would normally not consider reducing the structural strength of the lattice girder, the inventors have now found that an asymmetrical lattice girder according to the present invention provides the benefit of enabling the use of additional support structures supporting the lattice girder.
  • the structural strength of the lattice girder mainly plays a role during the initial phase where the concrete has to harden and dry in order to obtain its strength, once this is done the, lattice girder only provides a minor contribution to the strength of the floor structure.
  • additional removable support structures may be provided through the lattice girder, the support structures providing support to the lattice girder during the construction stages where the lattice girder need to offer structural support, but once the concrete is in place and provides structural support, the support structures can be removed.
  • the present invention provides an asymmetrical lattice girder, herein also referred to as "girder”.
  • the asymmetrical girder according to the present invention comprises:
  • the base joists are herein also referred to as first base joist and second base joist.
  • the three joists of the girder are positioned parallel to each other, and each of the joists forms an edge of a triangular prism.
  • Each base joist is joined to the top joist via truss members.
  • each truss member ensures that the relative position of the joists is fixed, and that the lattice girder can resist bending.
  • each truss member is comprised of a wire which is connected to the base joist and to the top joist. Consequently, each truss member is comprised of a curved or bent wire.
  • the truss members typically comprise one or more curved portions.
  • the truss members have a zig-zag shape, e.g. a sinusoidal shape or sawtooth pattern.
  • the curved portions of the truss members may form sharp or rounded corners. This may depend on the wire type of which the truss members are comprised. In particular embodiments, the radius of curvature of the curved portions ranges between 0.01 cm and 10 cm, more particularly between 0.2 cm and 5 cm, for example 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm or 5 cm.
  • connection between the truss members and the joists are made via the ends and apexes of the truss members.
  • the apexes of the truss members are typically curved. Accordingly, in particular embodiments, the connection between the truss members and the joists are made via the ends and curved portions of the truss members.
  • the lattice girder according to the present invention is asymmetrical in that the cross-section of said lattice girder, perpendicular to said joists, provides a triangular geometry wherein at least the size of the edges between the top joist corner and each of the base joist corners is unequal. More particularly, the size difference between the edges joining the top joist corner with each of the base joist corners is at least 1%, 1.5%, 2 %, 2.5%, 3 %, 3.5%, 4 %, 4.5%, 5 %, 7.5% or at least 10%, for example 12.5%, 15%, 17.5% or 20%. The percentage is based on size difference in respect to largest edge.
  • the size difference percentage may vary.
  • the size difference between the edges is 1 mm or more.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein the cross-section of said lattice girder, perpendicular to said joists, provides an acute triangular geometry.
  • acute triangular geometry is meant a triangular geometry wherein all interior angles of the triangular geometry measure less than 90°.
  • the triangular geometry is scalene, meaning that all sides are unequal. More particularly, said geometrical triangle is scalene and acute.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein the height of the lattice girder ranges between 60 and 200 mm, for example 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 or 200 mm, and the width of the lattice girder ranges between 50 and 120 mm, for example 50, 70, 90, 110 or 120 mm.
  • the dimensions of the lattice girder according to the present invention typically depend on the intended use of the girder.
  • the length of the girders depends on the requirements of the customer and typically ranges between 1 and 10 m.
  • the distance between the base joists is typically between 50 mm and 120 mm, more particularly between 70 and 95 mm, for example 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 or 95 mm.
  • the height of the girder i.e. the distance between the top joist and the plane defined by the base joists
  • the height of the girder is typically between 60 and 200 mm, more particularly between 100 and 170 mm, for example 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160 or 170 mm.
  • the angle between the plane defined by the top joist and the first base joist and the plane defined by the top joist and the second base joist is typically below 90°, for example 85°, 80°, 75°, 70°, 65°, 60°, 55°, 50°, 45°, 40°, 35°, 30° or lower.
  • the lattice girders known in the art often comprise one or more triangular units constructed with straight members whose ends are connected at joints referred to as nodes. Such structures are also known as truss structures. External forces and reactions to those forces are considered to act only at the nodes and result in forces in the members which are either tensile or compressive forces. Torques are excluded because the nodes in a truss are treated as revolutes. Truss structures are typically comprised of triangles because of the simplicity and structural stability of such design. Accordingly, in particular embodiments, the truss members form triangular spaces along the length of the lattice girder, more particularly alternatively inverted triangular spaces.
  • the truss members form shapes along the length of the lattice girder selected from sinusoidal shapes, triangular spaces, trapezoidal spaces, parallelogram-shaped spaces, rectangular spaces and square spaces.
  • the base of the triangular, trapezoidal, parallelogram-shaped, rectangular and/or square spaces typically ranges between 100 and 300 mm, for example 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275 or 300 mm.
  • the truss members form trapezoidal spaces along the length of the lattice girder, more particularly alternatively inverted trapezoidal spaces.
  • the truss members joining two joists may form sinusoidal, triangular and/or trapezoidal spaces. Truss members forming triangular, trapezoidal and/or sinusoidal spaces provide the most effective support and are easy to handle in the manufacturing process.
  • the truss members comprise angled portions. Angled portions are portions of the truss members which are positioned in a direction which is not perpendicular to the joists to which the truss member is connected.
  • the truss members may further comprise straight portions. Straight portions are portions of the truss members which are positioned in a direction perpendicular to the joists to which the truss member is connected.
  • the angle between the angled portions and the joists to which the truss member is connected is between 55° and 65°, more particularly about 60°.
  • the truss members comprise angled portions, forming alternatively inverted equilateral triangle-shaped spaces along its length. The inventors found this to be the most effective and economical structure in most cases.
  • the truss members comprise alternatively straight and angled portions, wherein the angled portions slope up towards one point along the length of the lattice girder. In further embodiments, this point is the center of the girder.
  • Such a configuration of straight and angled portions between two joists is known in the art as a Howe truss. In certain situations, this configuration provides an optimized strength of the girder.
  • the truss members comprise alternatively straight and angled portions, wherein the angled portions slope down towards one point along the length of the lattice girder. In further embodiments, this point is the center of the girder.
  • a Pratt truss Such a configuration of straight and angled portions between two joists is known in the art as a Pratt truss. In certain cases, this configuration provides an optimized strength of the girder.
  • the joists and truss members of the girder are typically made of metal wires.
  • the term "metal wire” as used herein refers to a single, usually cylindrical, string of metal which is used to bear mechanical loads.
  • the metal wire refers to a single, string of metal which may be used for a large number of applications. In fact the metal wire is an important raw material in industry and construction.
  • the material of the metal wires may be any type of metal or metallic alloy such as, platinum, silver, iron, copper, aluminium, gold, steel, brass or bronze.
  • the metal wires may be provided with a coating.
  • the material of the metal core is steel or iron. When a steel metal core is used, the steel may provided with either a low or high carbon content.
  • the metal wires may be provided with a coating, such as but not limited to metal wires provided with a galvanization layer, a polymer coating or a metal oxide coating.
  • the metal wires may have any cross-section such as round, square, rectangular, oval or half oval cross-sections.
  • the metal wires forming the joists may be chosen within a diameter range ranging between 4 mm and 45 mm (such as 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41 and 43 mm), preferably between 6 mm and 18 mm.
  • the metal wires forming the truss members may be chosen within a diameter range ranging between 3 mm and 15 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 10 mm more preferably between 4 and 7 mm.
  • the diameter of the joists is larger than the diameter of the truss members.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein as least one of said joists has a diameter which is different from the diameter of the other joists.
  • the diameter of said top joist is different from the diameter of said base joists.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein said lattice girder further comprises at least one guiding feature for guiding support columns through said lattice girder.
  • an asymmetrical lattice girder according to the present invention may be provided such that support structures such as support columns are provided through the lattice girder, in particular embodiments the lattice girder may be further provided with guiding features that allow passing through support structures such as support columns.
  • traditional lattice girders could only be used for the construction of floors on the first floor or above, the latter allows the use of lattice girders for the construction of ground floors where the room underneath is not or difficult to access.
  • lattice girders allow the introduction and removal of support structures for the lattice girders at all times during the construction process.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein said guiding feature is a pipe, preferably of a cylindrical shape, attached to said lattice girder passing between said top joist and one of said base joists.
  • Other shapes of the guiding feature can also be envisaged, including square or rectangular shaped guiding features.
  • the pipe as used herein can be any shape considered by a skilled person, including, but not limited to cylindrical, oval, square, rectangular, etc.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein the central axis of said pipe is perpendicular to the direction of said joists.
  • the present invention relates to asymmetrical lattice girders wherein the diameter of said guiding feature ranges between 15 and 60 mm (such as 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 45, 50, 55 or 60 mm), and more preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an asymmetrical lattice girder as described herein.
  • the method for manufacturing according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
  • the metal wires selected in step a) may differ from each other.
  • the selected wires may have a different diameter.
  • at least two of the selected wires are identical.
  • the identical wires may be unwinded from the same role, in contrast with the methods known in the art.
  • the wires for manufacturing at least two joists of the girder are unwinded from the same role.
  • steps b) and c) may be repeated for each of the identical wires.
  • step e) includes welding the ends and apexes of said truss members to said joists.
  • the present invention provides a lattice girder floor comprising a precast concrete slab with one or more cast in lattice girders according to the present invention.
  • Lattice girder floors typically comprise a thin reinforced precast concrete slab and one or more lattice girders wherein the base joists are embedded into the concrete slab. These structures are most frequently used reinforced floor type is used for all applications in residential and commercial construction. The fundamental benefits are amongst other things a high-quality product at a reasonable price, extreme dimensioning versatility and rapid on site installation.
  • said lattice girder floor is further provided with a guiding feature, such as for instance a hollow pipe, passing through the lattice girder and the concrete slab thereby forming a hole through the concrete slab and allowing support structures to be guided through the lattice girder floor structure.
  • a guiding feature such as for instance a hollow pipe
  • the present invention provides in the use of a lattice girder or a lattice girder floor according to the present invention as a construction material more particularly the use for guiding support columns and most particularly the use for supporting floors.
  • the present invention provides the use of a lattice girder as described herein as a construction material.
  • the present invention provides the use of a lattice girder as described herein as a rebar, for example in a reinforced concrete structure.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate lattice girders according to specific embodiments of the present invention.
  • the lattice girders typically comprise two base joists (1,2) and a top joist (3) arranged in parallel relative to each other and truss members (4,5) spatially connecting each of said base joists (1,2) with said top joist (3).
  • the cross-section view of the lattice girder is provided in figure 2 , clearly illustrating the asymmetrical character of the lattice girder wherein the triangular geometry provides that the size of the edges between the top joist corner and each of the base joist corners are unequal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
EP11191712.6A 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Asymmetrischer Gitterunterzug Withdrawn EP2599929A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11191712.6A EP2599929A1 (de) 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Asymmetrischer Gitterunterzug

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11191712.6A EP2599929A1 (de) 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Asymmetrischer Gitterunterzug

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EP2599929A1 true EP2599929A1 (de) 2013-06-05

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019060202A (ja) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-18 Ｐｃジャパン有限会社 トップ筋・ラチス筋間溶接点の強度測定方法及びトップ筋・ラチス筋間溶接点の強度測定用治具
CN110748067A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 中建五局第三建设有限公司 一种简支跨转连续跨钢筋桁架楼承板施工方法
BE1027414B1 (nl) * 2019-12-24 2021-02-01 Verhelst Bouwmaterialen Nv Tralieligger en werkwijze voor de vervaardiging ervan

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2119368A1 (de) * 1971-04-21 1972-11-02 Datz, Hermann, Dr., 5470 Andernach Maschine zum Herstellen von Gittern
DE2140359A1 (de) * 1971-08-11 1973-02-15 Fischer & Co Traeger fuer betonbewehrungen und verfahren zum herstellen der traeger
EP0079892A1 (de) 1980-12-29 1983-06-01 Franz Bucher Gitterträger.
EP0355776A2 (de) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-28 Hugo Bittlmayer Verfahren zum Bewehren von Betonplatten, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sowie Gitterträger
US20030136071A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-24 Kobayashi Herbert S. Reinforced concrete slab
DE20309363U1 (de) * 2003-06-17 2004-07-22 Filigran Trägersysteme GmbH & Co KG Bauelement
DE202007014677U1 (de) * 2007-10-19 2009-02-26 Filigran Trägersysteme GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2119368A1 (de) * 1971-04-21 1972-11-02 Datz, Hermann, Dr., 5470 Andernach Maschine zum Herstellen von Gittern
DE2140359A1 (de) * 1971-08-11 1973-02-15 Fischer & Co Traeger fuer betonbewehrungen und verfahren zum herstellen der traeger
EP0079892A1 (de) 1980-12-29 1983-06-01 Franz Bucher Gitterträger.
EP0355776A2 (de) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-28 Hugo Bittlmayer Verfahren zum Bewehren von Betonplatten, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sowie Gitterträger
US20030136071A1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-24 Kobayashi Herbert S. Reinforced concrete slab
DE20309363U1 (de) * 2003-06-17 2004-07-22 Filigran Trägersysteme GmbH & Co KG Bauelement
DE202007014677U1 (de) * 2007-10-19 2009-02-26 Filigran Trägersysteme GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019060202A (ja) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-18 Ｐｃジャパン有限会社 トップ筋・ラチス筋間溶接点の強度測定方法及びトップ筋・ラチス筋間溶接点の強度測定用治具
CN110748067A (zh) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-04 中建五局第三建设有限公司 一种简支跨转连续跨钢筋桁架楼承板施工方法
BE1027414B1 (nl) * 2019-12-24 2021-02-01 Verhelst Bouwmaterialen Nv Tralieligger en werkwijze voor de vervaardiging ervan

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