EP2599222A1 - Circuit électrique et procédé pour limiter l'intensité du courant et/ou la pente de signaux électriques - Google Patents

Circuit électrique et procédé pour limiter l'intensité du courant et/ou la pente de signaux électriques

Info

Publication number
EP2599222A1
EP2599222A1 EP11724182.8A EP11724182A EP2599222A1 EP 2599222 A1 EP2599222 A1 EP 2599222A1 EP 11724182 A EP11724182 A EP 11724182A EP 2599222 A1 EP2599222 A1 EP 2599222A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
limiting
voltage source
switching
circuit arrangement
limiting unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11724182.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ingo Koehler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2599222A1 publication Critical patent/EP2599222A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
    • H03K5/04—Shaping pulses by increasing duration; by decreasing duration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0828—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in composite switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/16—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
    • H03K17/161—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches
    • H03K17/165—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/166—Soft switching

Definitions

  • the present invention is based on a circuit arrangement or a method for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals as generically defined by the independent claims.
  • Electrical switching elements such as driver blocks, usually have a fixed, unchangeable edge steepness, which may not be optimally adapted to a desired application to this. For example, it may not always be possible to influence an internal drive current of the respective standard element when using standard components or modules or components. Even a predetermined short-circuit current limit, insofar as a switching element used has such a, may not always be optimally adapted to a specific, desired application.
  • too high a set or even missing current limit in the case of a fault may cause an overload of a component or an assembly, thereby potentially damaging or even destroying it.
  • a circuit arrangement for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals, comprising a voltage source and a switching element which is connected to the voltage source and which is set up for switching the voltage source, characterized in that the switching arrangement furthermore has a limiting unit, wherein the limiting unit is arranged functionally between the switching element and the voltage source, and wherein the limiting unit is adapted to limit a current intensity and / or a flank of an electrical signal in a switching operation of the voltage source using the switching element.
  • circuit arrangement with the features of the independent claims may on the one hand provide a current limit and on the other hand a flank boundary.
  • the circuit arrangement may in particular be realized with a few standard components, and thus may be inexpensive and low
  • driver circuits may be extended, in particular without major system interventions, by a circuit arrangement for limiting current intensity and / or edge steepness in accordance with the present invention. This may be realized in particular in that internal drive signals of a driver circuit need not be influenced.
  • short-circuit current and edge steepness may be easily parameterizable to the desired application by selecting suitable component values of the circuit arrangement.
  • a ready-developed standard layout of an electronic circuit may be adaptable to a particular application by simply repackaging the respective component values to the desired requirements.
  • a desired short-circuit current or a required edge steepness and thus an EMC limit value can be selected simply and flexibly by selecting the
  • Component values can be set.
  • the circuit arrangement may also be used as a driver stage itself, so that it can be controlled, for example, to save space or cost effectively directly via a logic signal.
  • the circuit arrangement may provide a targeted influencing of a steep falling signal edge at low-side outputs, without grinding a rising signal edge.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the present invention may provide a small voltage drop in the switched-on state of the switching element at this.
  • the circuit arrangement of the present invention may generally be used in conjunction with a switching element, for example realized as an open-collector output, an open-drain output or a relay. In particular, it may provide current strength and / or slew rate limitation for both slowly varying and clocked signals.
  • a switching element for example realized as an open-collector output, an open-drain output or a relay.
  • it may provide current strength and / or slew rate limitation for both slowly varying and clocked signals.
  • a limiting unit acting on the voltage source may be particularly suitable for complying with required E MV limit values.
  • limiting element and voltage source may further be arranged a capacitive element and / or a diode element, which is arranged parallel to switching element, limiting element and voltage source.
  • a slope may be further improved adjustable, at the same time it may serve as a protective circuit or a protective element for the limiting element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement for limiting an edge steepness of an electrical signal according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary signal curve of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a method for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals according to the present invention.
  • the circuit arrangement 100 consists here by way of example of an npn transistor 118 whose base is connected to a fixed potential 108. The connection may for example be made via the resistor 106 or via a voltage divider.
  • the emitter of the element 118 is connected to the switching element 102 via a resistive component 104.
  • the switching element 102 is the element in conjunction with the resistive element 114 and voltage source 116, which is to be extended by the current and / or edge slope limitation using the limiting unit 120.
  • a capacitive element 110a, b may be provided at the base of the limiting element 118 of the limiting unit 120 of the circuit arrangement 100.
  • the capacitive element 110a may herebetween base and Lector of the transistor element 118, the capacitive element 110b be connected between the base and emitter.
  • the collector terminal of the transistor element 118 may represent the output of the circuit arrangement, in FIG. 1 an example being connected to the voltage source 116 via a resistive element 114.
  • capacitive elements 112a, b may be present at the circuit output.
  • Capacitive element 112b may be formed, for example, as a capacitor, capacitive element 112a, for example, as an ESD diode.
  • an ESD diode may be set up at the same time to protect the base emitter diode of the transistor element 118, for example in the case of an npn transistor 118 from a breakthrough in a reverse polarity case.
  • the electrical resistance of the element 114 may advantageously be significantly greater than that of the electrical resistance of the element 104. This results in switched-on switching element 102, only a low voltage at the circuit output. A ratio of 10: 1 or greater than 10: 1 is preferred. Thus, a voltage dropping at the output when the switching element is switched on, without consideration of a small voltage drop across the elements 118 and 102, results in less than 10% of the value of the voltage source 116.
  • switching element 102 for example, a transistor element, a relay element, a switching contact may be used.
  • edge slope limitation of the circuit arrangement according to Figure 1 is as follows: Without the limiting unit 120, which ultimately includes each element except switching element 102, resistive element 114 and voltage source 116, depending on their respective configuration and thus provided optionally optional elements, may Turning on the switching element 102 result in a steep falling voltage edge at the output of the circuit 100, since this relatively low-impedance, directly via switching element 102, is pulled to low potential. The flank which arises when the switching element 102 is switched off passes through the electrical resistance of the resistance element 114 in FIG Connection with the available capacity at the output significantly flatter.
  • the output capacitance may be present either as a capacitive component or only as a parasitic capacitance.
  • the aim of limiting the steepness of the slope may therefore be in particular to flatten the falling edge of the output signal, in particular without, however, excessively grinding the rising edge so that in particular signal integrity may be maintained.
  • the switching on of the switching element 102 causes a lowering of the emitter potential of the limiting element 118, so that the limiting element 118 also turns on.
  • Parasitic capacitances and possibly existing capacitive components 112a, b now discharge via limiting element 118, resistance element 104 and switching element 102. This results in a voltage drop across resistance element 104 and switching element 102.
  • the falling edge may additionally be ground if necessary.
  • element 110a may represent an artificial magnification of a miller capacitance of the limiting element 118, causing it to switch more slowly.
  • the limiting element 118 also begins to conduct, as a result of which the potential at the collector begins to drop.
  • capacitive element 110a By a capacitive coupling of the collector to the base, by capacitive element 110a, this in turn counteracts the control of element 118, so that the activation of limiting element 118 is delayed. velvet.
  • the switch-on process is only completed after capacitive element 110a has been completely transferred.
  • the additional capacity may also be reloaded when the switching element 102 is switched off. Nevertheless, the rising edge at the output may still be only slightly influenced since relatively small capacitance values for the capacitive element 110a may already be sufficient in practice.
  • Voltage source 116 IV to 50V
  • Element 112b 10pF to 100nF;
  • Element 112a Zener voltage ⁇ 60V
  • Element 118, 102 to select according to the required limiting current, typically 0.1 mA to 100 mA, with power outputs also> 1A;
  • Element 104 is preferably selected such that at limiting current sufficient for the negative feedback voltage drop is applied (for example in the range 0.5V to 3V).
  • Element 114 factor 10> as element 104 so that when switching element 102, a meaningful voltage difference occurs at the output;
  • Element 108 minimum value approx. 2x base-emitter voltage of element 118, in the case of a bipolar transistor thus at least approx. 1.2 V. Maximum value significantly smaller than element 116, so that there is a limitation of the falling edge or of the current in the event of a short circuit.
  • the voltage of element 108 is smaller in the range of 1: 5 to 1:20 than the voltage of element 116;
  • Element 106 is used to limit the base current of element 118.
  • the base current is selected from about 10x to 200x ⁇ the limiting current of the circuit.
  • the factor (10 to 200) depends on the current gain of the selected transistor;
  • Elements 110a, 110b lOpF to 22 nF. If a wiping of the rising edge is to be avoided, a value in the lower region will tend to be used for element 110a, ie generally a smaller value than for element 112b.
  • the optional capacitive element 110b may also be used to slow the turn-on operation of the limiter 118. Once switching element 102 turns on, thus in a conductive state, the basis of the Element 118 capacitive pulled to ground, so that element 118 blocks first. Only by reloading element 110b via resistance element 106 does limiting element 118 begin to conduct. The operation of a current limit of the circuit according to
  • Figure 1 is as follows. With element 102 energized, the current in the output line results in a voltage drop across resistive element 104. In normal operation, however, this voltage drop is so small that the base-emitter voltage on restrictor 118 is sufficient, element 118 itself, for example Use of a transistor to réelle Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff Kunststoff
  • the output voltage of the voltage source 116 may in particular be assumed to be the voltage of the series connection of the voltage source 116 and of the resistor element 114.
  • FIG. 2 Another exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals according to the present invention is shown.
  • a parallel connection of limiting element 118 and switching element 102 may also be realized.
  • the switching element 102 controls the limiting element 118 at its base, the output signal is thereby inverted.
  • the current gain of the limiting element 118 may be used, so that for switching element 102, a switching element with low power is used.
  • a direct control of limiting element 118 from an open-drain output of a microcontroller may be possible. This may be a separate amplifier stage can be saved.
  • the mode of operation of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2 is analogous to the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1.
  • a MOSFET is used as the switching element 102, then its parasitic body diode may protect the base emitter diode of the limiting element 118 from a breakdown in reverse polarity of the circuit. In this case, however, the body diode must have a sufficiently high current carrying capacity.
  • FIG. 3 an exemplary embodiment of a circuit arrangement for limiting a slew rate of an electrical signal in accordance with the present invention is illustrated.
  • the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 3 may be understood in particular as a pure edge limitation.
  • capacitive element 302 When switching element 102 is switched off, capacitive element 302 is charged to the potential of voltage source 116 via resistance element 106, limiting element 118 and resistance element 114.
  • limiting element 118 When switching element 102 now turns on, limiting element 118 is initially blocked. Now, capacitive element 302 discharges via resistance element 300 and switching element 102, so that the base potential of limiting element 118 slowly drops. This begins to conduct, and the output voltage level follows the progression of the base voltage of limiting element 118.
  • capacitive element 302 Once switching element 102 turns off again, capacitive element 302 is charged via resistance element 106, limiting element 118 and resistance element 114, whereby the output potential rises again to the value of voltage source 116.
  • the capacitance of capacitive element 302 may be chosen to be small relative to the capacitance of element 112a, b, which will only slightly affect the rising edge
  • the behavior of a controlled edge may in particular be realized at the circuit output.
  • the circuit arrangements of Figures 1 and 2 may continue to be implemented a variable current limit.
  • the limiting element 118 should be connected to a variable potential on the base side. The amount of this potential may be able to adjust the current limit.
  • the bipolar transistor for limiting element 118 illustrated by way of example may, in all circuit arrangements of FIGS. 1 to 3, alternatively also be embodied by other transistor types, for example MOSFET or JFET, as an operational amplifier or tube element.
  • the connections should then be selected according to the component used.
  • its gate connection may, for example, also be at ground potential, so that no auxiliary voltage may be required.
  • the switching element 102 is missing in the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2 or is replaced by a short circuit in the circuit arrangement according to variant 1, the result is a pure current limiter circuit arrangement in the respective circuit arrangements.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary signal course of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1.
  • V (collector) to the exemplary value of 16V.
  • time t 2 takes a Einschaltevorgang of the switching element 102.
  • a circuit is performed with a slope of the edge 400, in essence, by way of example, directly.
  • the falling edge 402 is limited in its steepness, whereby this falls more slowly and only at time t3 to its lower value, which is determined substantially by the ratio of the electrical resistances of the resistive elements 114 and 104.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a method for limiting the current intensity and / or edge steepness of electrical signals according to the present invention.
  • the method 500 for limiting current magnitude and / or slew rate of electrical signals includes the steps of performing 502 a switching operation of the voltage source using the switching element and limiting 504 a current magnitude and / or a slew rate of an electrical signal, in particular the output voltage, using a limiting unit.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit électrique (100) destiné à limiter l'intensité du courant et/ou la pente de signaux électriques, présentant une source de tension (116) et un élément de commutation (102), relié à la source de tension (116) et conçu pour la commutation de la source de tension (116), le circuit électrique (100) présentant en outre une unité de limitation (120). Cette dernière (120) est disposée fonctionnellement entre l'élément de commutation (102) et la source de tension (116) et elle (120) est conçue pour limiter, lors d'un processus de commutation de la source de tension (116), en utilisant l'élément de commutation (102), une intensité de courant et/ou une pente d'un signal électrique.
EP11724182.8A 2010-07-29 2011-06-03 Circuit électrique et procédé pour limiter l'intensité du courant et/ou la pente de signaux électriques Withdrawn EP2599222A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010038623A DE102010038623A1 (de) 2010-07-29 2010-07-29 Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Begrenzung von Stromstärke und/oder Flankensteilheit elektrischer Signale
PCT/EP2011/059186 WO2012013402A1 (fr) 2010-07-29 2011-06-03 Circuit électrique et procédé pour limiter l'intensité du courant et/ou la pente de signaux électriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2599222A1 true EP2599222A1 (fr) 2013-06-05

Family

ID=44626826

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11724182.8A Withdrawn EP2599222A1 (fr) 2010-07-29 2011-06-03 Circuit électrique et procédé pour limiter l'intensité du courant et/ou la pente de signaux électriques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8975931B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2599222A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103004091A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010038623A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012013402A1 (fr)

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EP3432682A1 (fr) 2017-07-18 2019-01-23 Whirlpool Corporation Procédé de fonctionnement d'une plaque de cuisson par induction et plaque de cuisson faisant appel à un tel procédé
US10873331B2 (en) * 2017-08-25 2020-12-22 Richwave Technology Corp. Clamp logic circuit
US10993292B2 (en) 2017-10-23 2021-04-27 Whirlpool Corporation System and method for tuning an induction circuit
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103004091A (zh) 2013-03-27
US8975931B2 (en) 2015-03-10
WO2012013402A1 (fr) 2012-02-02
DE102010038623A1 (de) 2012-02-02
US20130187695A1 (en) 2013-07-25

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