EP2598249B1 - Dispositif de broyage avec transport à vis - Google Patents

Dispositif de broyage avec transport à vis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2598249B1
EP2598249B1 EP11738450.3A EP11738450A EP2598249B1 EP 2598249 B1 EP2598249 B1 EP 2598249B1 EP 11738450 A EP11738450 A EP 11738450A EP 2598249 B1 EP2598249 B1 EP 2598249B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crushing
motor
housing
tool
conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11738450.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2598249A2 (fr
Inventor
Heimo Wabnig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herbold Meckesheim GmbH
Original Assignee
Andritz Mewa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Andritz Mewa GmbH filed Critical Andritz Mewa GmbH
Publication of EP2598249A2 publication Critical patent/EP2598249A2/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/02—Feeding devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/144—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2258—Feed means of screw type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crushing device, for example for domestic and commercial waste.
  • the comminution device serves to further comminute already pre-comminuted material.
  • the crushing device has a crushing tool arranged in a housing, which is driven by a comminuting motor.
  • the crushing tool can rotate about a rotation axis.
  • the shredding device further has a feed device with a screw conveyor for transporting material to the shredding tool.
  • the screw conveyor not only serves to transport material to be shredded, but at the same time forms an impression device that compresses the transported material and presses it against the shredding tool with a desired force or pressure.
  • a device is for example from the DE 20 2007 006 712 U1 known.
  • the DE 22 648 26 A1 a crusher with an electric drive motor.
  • the actual value of the temperature of the motor winding is measured with the aid of a temperature sensor and compared with a temperature setpoint.
  • a conveyor belt for feeding material is activated. In this way, the temperature of the electric motor is regulated to the predetermined desired value. If the winding temperature exceeds a maximum permissible temperature value, the Conveyor belt switched off.
  • the crushing device has a control unit which controls a conveyor motor driving the screw conveyor.
  • the conveyor motor is designed in particular as an electric motor.
  • the control device preferably controls both the conveyor motor and the comminution motor driving the comminuting tool, which can also be embodied as an electric motor, in particular a three-phase motor.
  • the control unit receives a load, e.g. the torque supplied to the shredding motor characterizing load size. This may be, for example, the motor current of the comminution motor.
  • the load size is evaluated in the control unit. If the load is too small, the material flow is increased by the feed screw by controlling the feed motor. The force or pressure that the screw on the feed material on the crushing tool increases, whereby the load and in particular the torque of the crushing motor increases. If the torque of the comminution motor is too large, the material flow supplied via the screw conveyor is reduced, so that the force or the pressure with which the supplied material is pressed against the comminuting tool also decreases.
  • the control unit Via the control unit, the load on the comminution motor and in particular the torque of the comminution motor be controlled via the speed control of the conveyor motor.
  • the control unit is given a torque setpoint or torque setpoint range.
  • the control unit is given a maximum torque and a minimum torque, the conveyed material flow is increased by the control of the conveyor motor when the torque of the crushing motor below the minimum torque and wherein the funded material flow is reduced by driving the conveyor motor, when the torque of the crushing motor, the maximum torque exceeds. If the torque is within the permissible range between the minimum torque and the maximum torque, the operating state of the delivery motor is not changed. In this way, a hysteresis in the control can be realized in order to avoid frequent operating state changes of the conveyor motor and to allow for certain variations in the load on the comminution motor.
  • the comminution motor is preferably controlled by means of a frequency converter. He can be designed as a synchronous motor. As a result, an independent of the mains frequency speed of the crushing motor is set in a simple manner.
  • the frequency converter may further comprise a current limiting device for limiting the current delivered to the comminution motor to a maximum current value. The shredding motor is protected in this way from excessive currents.
  • the feeder may further comprise a conveyor belt. This transports the material also serving as Nachdrück worn screw conveyor. While the conveyor belt is arranged outside the housing of the crushing device, the screw conveyor of the screw conveyor is located inside the housing.
  • the transport drive of the conveyor belt is preferably also controlled by the control unit. For example, this allows the transport speed of the conveyor belt to be adapted to the speed of the screw conveyor.
  • the comminution device is provided with a compression space arranged between the conveyor screw and the comminution tool in the housing.
  • the compression chamber is free of conveying or crushing agents.
  • the material transported by the screw conveyor to the reduction tool can be further compressed before being processed by the comminution tool. Because there is always a quantity of material compressed to a desired degree in the compression space, continuous and uniform operation of the comminuting tool can be achieved.
  • the compression chamber serves, so to speak, as a buffer for the material to be shredded. In particular, its length is measured in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor, larger than its transversely measured height. The conveyed by the screw conveyor into the compression space material can then dodge less strongly transversely to the conveying direction, so that the compression or the transport process is improved towards the crushing tool out.
  • the crushing tool rotates in the housing about an axis of rotation, which in particular is oriented horizontally.
  • the material ejection of the crushed material may preferably be carried out via a sieve and supported by the weight of the housing.
  • the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor can be aligned horizontally or with an inclination in the range of up to a maximum of 30 ° in order to allow a low overall height in the vertical direction. Alternatively, even larger slopes are up to a vertically oriented Longitudinal axis of the auger possible to facilitate the transport of material.
  • the sensor device can be used to detect and remove contaminants or interfering bodies from the housing before they reach the comminution tool.
  • the sensor device may comprise, for example, an electromagnetic wave emitting sensor, such as an X-ray sensor and / or a microwave sensor and / or an ultrasonic sensor.
  • an electromagnetic wave emitting sensor such as an X-ray sensor and / or a microwave sensor and / or an ultrasonic sensor.
  • a controllable flap can be opened on the housing in order to remove the bluff body from the housing.
  • the screw conveyor is preferably mounted on the housing only at one axial end, where it is driven by the conveyor motor.
  • the other, free axial end of the screw conveyor is free of bearing means.
  • the screw conveyor can also be mounted at both axial ends.
  • the screw conveyor sits in a housing shaft of the housing, whose cross-section increases in the direction away from the crushing tool.
  • the radius of the screw conveyor from the end associated with the crushing tool can be larger away.
  • the cross section of the housing shaft can also be adapted to the contour of the screw conveyor.
  • a shaft opening is provided in the housing shaft, which may be surrounded by a filler pipe.
  • the filler pipe is preferably vertically aligned.
  • the filling tube can serve as a material storage for the material to be transported by the screw conveyor to ensure a uniform material transport and thus a uniform load of the conveyor motor.
  • the auger may have one or more helices, which in particular are each configured the same.
  • the pitch and / or the pitch angle of the helix of the screw conveyor can be constant over the entire axial length of the screw conveyor. In a modification to this, it is also possible to vary the pitch and / or the pitch angle.
  • the pitch and / or the pitch angle in the region of the end of the auger associated with the comminution tool can be smaller than in the remaining area of the auger. As a result, an increasing material compaction is achieved in the end area towards the comminution tool.
  • the at least one helix of the screw conveyor can wind around a core extending along the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor.
  • the auger may also be executed coreless, the helix winds itself cantilevered about the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor.
  • the helix winds in this case to a free space in the region of the longitudinal axis.
  • the coreless screw conveyor is lighter. For example, it is advantageous when feeding larger, bulkier material parts.
  • the feeder may also have a plurality of augers. These may be coupled to each other, for example via a transmission. However, it is also possible to associate each auger with a separately controllable conveyor motor. Two or more augers may be arranged in parallel juxtaposition to convey material in the same direction to the comminution tool. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a stepwise material delivery via a plurality of screw conveyors connected in series to the comminution tool. Furthermore, it may be advantageous to arrange the screw conveyors in different housing shafts, wherein each housing shaft is provided for supplying different materials or of different sized material parts.
  • its outer surface may consist of steel, which preferably has a hardness of at least 30 HRC.
  • the screw conveyor may have a jet-coated core or alternatively be made entirely of steel.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment 20a of a crushing device 20 is illustrated schematically.
  • a drivable and in particular rotating crushing tool 22 is mounted in a housing 21, a drivable and in particular rotating crushing tool 22 is mounted.
  • the comminuting tool 22 is preferably realized in the form of a rotor 23, on the lateral surface of which at least one outwardly projecting cutting element 24 is fastened.
  • the rotor 23 rotates about its longitudinal axis, which forms the axis of rotation D.
  • the cutting element 24 cooperates with a stationary in the housing 21 arranged cutting edge 25, on which the cutting element 24 is moved during the rotation of the rotor 23.
  • the cutting edge extends straight, for example horizontally.
  • the material supplied to the comminution tool is comminuted.
  • a collecting area 26 can be provided for the comminuted material.
  • the comminuting tool 22 and, according to the example, the rotor 23 is driven by means of a comminution motor 27.
  • the comminuting motor 27 is designed, for example, as a three-phase motor in the form of an asynchronous motor or a synchronous motor.
  • the crushing device 20 further has a feeding device 30, which serves for feeding material to be comminuted to the comminution tool 22.
  • the feeding device 30 has at least one conveying screw 32 driven by a conveying motor 31.
  • the screw conveyor 32 is arranged in a housing shaft 33 of the housing 21. It serves to convey material that is fed to the housing shaft 33 via a shaft opening 34.
  • a conveyor belt 35 may be present, which ends at the shaft opening 34 and the material to the shaft 33 and thus the feed screw 32 supplies.
  • the Conveyor belt 35 is driven by a transport drive 36.
  • all drive means are formed by three-phase motors.
  • a control unit 40 controls both the comminuting motor 27 and the conveying motor 31.
  • the transport drive 36 is also controlled by the control unit 40.
  • the comminution motor 27 may be operated via a frequency converter 41 in one embodiment. It can then be designed as a synchronous motor.
  • the frequency converter 41 is connected to the mains voltage of the supply network 42. It converts the network frequency f 1 into a variable operating frequency f 2 for the comminution motor 27 that can be predetermined by the control unit 40. In this way, the speed of the synchronous motor can be adjusted via the operating frequency f 2 .
  • the frequency converter 41 may also have a current limiter 39 at its output in order to limit the current provided to the comminution motor 27 to a maximum current value.
  • the control unit 40 detects a load size L of the comminution motor 27.
  • the load size L characterizes the load applied to the comminution motor 27, for example the torque currently applied.
  • a load size L for example, the motor current can be detected.
  • the slip can also serve as load variable L. This can be determined, for example, on the basis of the rotational speed of the comminuting motor 27 and the operating frequency f 2 .
  • the load size L may also be a mechanical quantity.
  • the force acting on the bearings of the rotor 23 detected force and serve as a load size L.
  • the control unit 40 controls the conveying motor 31 and preferably also the conveying motor 36 depending on the load size L. Specifically, the rotational speed of the conveying motor 31 is adjusted depending on the load size L so that the load on the crushing motor 27 is in an allowable operating range or a load target value. For this purpose, a load setpoint can be specified and the speed of the feed motor 31 can be varied such that the load size L is controlled to the load setpoint.
  • the speed of the booster motor 31 and / or the transport motor 36 can be adjusted by the control unit 40, for example by means of a frequency converter. If the conveyor motor 31 increases its speed, the material flow transported by the conveyor screw 32 to the comminution tool 22 increases.
  • the auger 32 pushes the conveyed material against the rotor 23, whereby their load increases. Conversely, when the rotational speed of the conveyor motor 31 is reduced, the conveyed material flow decreases and the load on the comminution tool 22 and thus on the comminution motor 27 decreases.
  • the screw conveyor 32 is driven by the conveyor motor 31 continuously without stopping.
  • the rotational speed of the conveyor motor 31 and the auger 32 is varied to adjust the load of the crushing motor 32, for example, it is not intermittent Operation of the screw conveyor 32 is provided.
  • material is continuously conveyed to the comminution tool 22 and the throughput through the comminution device 20 is increased.
  • the screw conveyor formed by conveyor motor 31 and associated auger 32 may be slidably mounted along its longitudinal axis A in the housing shaft 33, as is illustrated by double arrow 43.
  • the distance x in the direction of the longitudinal axis A between the comminuting tool 22 associated end 44 of the screw conveyor 32 and the crushing tool 22 can be changed.
  • the variable adjustment of the inclination of the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyor 32 can be changed with respect to a radial plane passing through the axis of rotation D (double arrow 45).
  • the screw conveyor 32 has one or more helices whose radius does not change along the longitudinal axis A.
  • the screw conveyor 32 thus has a cylindrical contour 48.
  • the screw conveyor 32 may taper towards its end 44. It can be a frusto-conical contour 49 (FIG. FIGS. 7, 8 ) or also have a contour 50 tapering in the manner of a hyperboloid.
  • the shape of the housing shaft 33 can be adapted to the contour of the conveyor screw 32 arranged therein. In the preferred exemplary embodiments described here, the housing shaft 33 widens away from the comminution tool 22, as shown for example in FIG the Figures 3 and 4 is shown.
  • the shaft cross-section is adapted at least in the region of the end 44 of the screw conveyor 32 at the contour 48, 49, 50.
  • the shaft cross section is in this section only by a predetermined clearance larger than the contour of the screw conveyor 32.
  • the tapered shape of the housing shaft 33 and / or the screw conveyor 32 causes an increasing material compression in the conveying direction.
  • the screw conveyor 32 is designed with only one helix 53, which winds helically around the longitudinal axis A.
  • the helix 53 may be formed from flat material having a rectangular cross-section.
  • the helix is so to speak cantilevered and winds around a free space 54 located inside the longitudinal axis A.
  • This clearance 54 is cylindrical in a helix 53 with a constant helix radius (FIGS. 3, 4).
  • FIG. 8 with conically tapered screw conveyor 32 of the spiral 53 surrounded by free space 54 is frustoconical.
  • FIGS. 7 and 9 A modified form of the screw conveyor 32 with a closed core 55 in the inner region of the helix 53 about the longitudinal axis A is in the FIGS. 7 and 9 shown.
  • the core 55 may be made cylindrical in a spiral 53 having a constant helix radius, as shown in FIG FIG. 9 is shown.
  • FIG. 8 illustrated embodiment of the screw conveyor 32 could be provided with a core 55, which would then have a frusto-conical contour.
  • FIG. 7 shown embodiment of the screw conveyor 32 can by widening the band-shaped helix 53 radially inwardly from the embodiment according to FIG. 8 to be obtained.
  • the core 55 is thereby formed by the radially inner part of the helix 53 itself.
  • edges may also be rounded. However, it may be advantageous to leave a sharp cutting edge on the helix 53 in order to be able to achieve or improve the pre-shredding of bulky material parts by the rotational movement of the screw conveyor 32. On the cutting edge and sawtooth-like depressions can be formed.
  • the helix 53 may have a constant pitch h and a constant pitch angle ⁇ .
  • Both the pitch h and the pitch angle ⁇ are constant over the entire axial length of the screw conveyor 32.
  • Both the pitch h, and the pitch angle ⁇ to the end 44 of the screw conveyor 32 decreases. The compression of the material flow thereby increases toward the end 44.
  • wall projections 56 may be disposed in the housing shaft 32 adjacent to the screw conveyor 32, as shown schematically in FIG. 1 is shown.
  • the wall projections 56 may have the auger 52 associated corners and / or edges over which the material is torn during transport through the screw conveyor 32 and thus pre-shredded.
  • the wall projections 56 can in Housing shaft 33 may be distributed around the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyor 32 around. It may be sufficient to provide only an axial portion of the housing shaft 33 with wall projections 56.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second crushing device 20b.
  • a rotary shear 57 is provided as a crushing tool 23.
  • the rotor shears 57 has two mutually parallel axes of rotation D.
  • Around each axis of rotation D is a plurality of plate-shaped scissors bodies 58 arranged at a distance from each other.
  • the scissor bodies 58 arranged about the one axis of rotation D are offset and arranged in an overlapping region 59 between the axes of rotation so as to overlap the scissors bodies 58 of the respective other axis of rotation D.
  • the scissor bodies 58 are preferably made in one piece from a uniform material.
  • the plate-like scissors body 58 may each have a plurality of cutting elements 24 on its outer circumference, which are releasably secured to the scissor body and preferably screwed.
  • the housing shaft 33 widens away from the rotary shear 57.
  • the arranged in the housing shaft 33 feed screw 32 is partially enclosed by a guide wall 60, which is arranged substantially coaxially to the longitudinal axis A of the feed screw 32.
  • the guide wall 60 is located within the housing shaft 33. It surrounds the conveyor screw 32, for example completely in the axial direction along the longitudinal axis A and in the circumferential direction in about half.
  • the longitudinal axis A intersects the rotary shears 57 approximately in the comminuting area, in which the shearing elements 24 of the two of the shears 58 cooperate for comminution, for example in the overlapping area 59.
  • the longitudinal axis A of the auger 32 in the preferred embodiments is oriented to intersect the range of rotation of the cutting elements 24 of the comminution tool 22. This preferably applies to all screw conveyors 32 when the feed device 30 comprises a plurality of screw conveyors 32.
  • the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyor 32 may be vertically aligned.
  • the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyor 32 is inclined in the range of about 15 degrees to about 90 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane. Alternatively, smaller angles of inclination or a horizontal orientation of the longitudinal axis A are also possible.
  • the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor 32 intersects the rotation range of the cutting elements 24 and preferably extends offset at a distance from the axis of rotation D.
  • the longitudinal axis A is aligned with the comminution point, in which the cutting elements 24 cooperate with the housing-fixed cutting edge 25 and the other rotating cutting elements 24. This is the case when using a rotary shear 57 in the overlapping region 59.
  • each auger 32 may be associated with a guide wall 60, which in FIG. 4 not shown in detail.
  • the one helix 53 winds around the longitudinal axis A to the right
  • the helix 53 of the respective other auger 32 winds in the opposite direction to the left.
  • Coiled screws 32 are also provided in the same direction right / right or left / left. The coiled coiled screw 32 rotate in the same direction, while oppositely coiled screw conveyors 32 are driven in opposite directions. According to FIG.
  • the counter drive of the oppositely coiled augers is achieved by a spur gear 62 with a drive gear 63 and a plurality of output gears 64 meshing with the drive gear 63. Only the drive gear 63 is driven by a common conveyor motor 31. Each auger 32 is rotatably connected to a driven gear 64.
  • the distance between the two longitudinal axes A of the screw conveyors 32 is, for example slightly greater than twice the radius of the helix 53. Alternatively, the distance could also be less, so that the two helices overlap or engage centrally between their longitudinal axes A. This is possible if both augers 32 are driven at the same speed, so that no collisions can occur in the engagement region of the two augers 32.
  • a comminuting device 20 has a plurality of conveying screws 32, these can also be driven by separate conveying motors 31, as shown in FIG FIG. 2 is shown.
  • a plurality of rotors 23 arranged parallel to one another can also be provided. These can be coupled in motion via a gear 61, so that a single comminution motor 27 is sufficient for the operation of the rotors 23.
  • each rotor 23 can also be driven by a separate comminution motor 27 assigned to it become.
  • the load sizes of each shredding motor 27 are detected and their loads kept within the allowable load range or controlled to a load setpoint.
  • the cutting elements 24 may be formed by edges or strips which extend parallel to the axis of rotation D. Alternatively, it is also possible that the cutting elements wind around the axis of rotation D, as shown in FIG. This has the advantage that a cutting element 24 is not over its entire length simultaneously with the housing-fixed cutting edges 25 in cutting action.
  • fourth embodiment 20d of the crushing device 20 are provided in the housing 21 a plurality of example according to two separate housing shafts 33.
  • Each housing shaft 33 is associated with a screw conveyor 32.
  • the fourth crushing device 20d has two screw conveyors 32, which can be driven independently of each other by a respective associated conveying motor 31.
  • the pitch h and the pitch angle ⁇ of one auger 32a are smaller than the pitch h and the pitch angle ⁇ of the other auger 32b.
  • differently sized or coarse material can be supplied to the comminution device 22 via the relevant housing shafts 33.
  • FIG. 6 A modification of the fourth crushing device 20d is shown in FIG. 6 shown.
  • the two screw conveyors 32a, 32b each form a transport stage for supplied material.
  • the one screw conveyor 32b does not transport the material directly to the comminution tool 22, but first into the housing shaft 33 of the respective other screw conveyor 32a. From there, the material then becomes Crushing tool 22 transported further. However, it is also possible here, via a housing opening 34 directly supply material of the crushing tool 22 associated auger 32a.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 A fifth embodiment 20e of the comminution device 20 is shown.
  • the fifth crushing device 20e has a plurality of and, according to the example, two augers 32 arranged parallel to one another. Each auger 32 is associated with a separate conveyor motor 31, wherein alternatively, a single conveyor motor could be provided, as for example in FIG. 4 is shown.
  • the screw conveyors 32 are rotatably mounted on the housing 21 only at their drive end 70 assigned to the conveyor motor 31.
  • the opposite free end 44 of the screw conveyor 32 is unsupported.
  • the auger 32 thus extends, so to speak, cantilevered into the housing shaft 33, starting from its drive end 70.
  • the housing shaft 33 in which the two screw conveyors 32 are arranged, has a height z, which apart from the necessary clearance between the inner wall of the housing 21 and the screw conveyor 32 corresponds to the diameter of the screw conveyor.
  • the height z is measured transversely to the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyors 32 and transversely to the axis of rotation D of the rotor 23. In the embodiment described here, the height z is in the vertical direction.
  • the two longitudinal axes A of the screw conveyors 32 and the axis of rotation D of the rotor 23 lie in a common plane, which in particular runs horizontally. In a modification to this, it is also possible that the longitudinal axes A of the two screw conveyors 32 are inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, for example by amounts up to 20 degrees or 30 degrees.
  • the housing shaft 33 is divided into three shaft sections in this embodiment.
  • the first shaft section 71 is located in the region of the shaft opening 34.
  • the first shaft section 71 contains the drive end 70 of the screw conveyor 32.
  • the first shaft section 71 is adjoined by a middle, second shaft section 72.
  • This second shaft section 72 is surrounded by the housing 21 and is located outside the shaft opening 34.
  • the second shaft section 72 thus extends from the edge of the shaft opening 34 in the direction of the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyor 32 to its free end 44.
  • the third shaft portion 73 which forms a compression space 74.
  • the length x of this compression space 74 corresponds to the distance from the free end 44 of the screw conveyor 32 to the comminution tool 22.
  • This length x of the compression space 74 is greater than its height z.
  • the width y of the compression space 74 in the embodiment is slightly larger than the sum of the diameters of the two arranged in the housing shaft 33 augers 32.
  • the axial dimension of the comminuting tool 22 forming rotor 23 corresponds approximately to the width y of the compression space 74. Both screw conveyor 32 is thus associated with a common crushing tool 22.
  • a conveyor trough 75 which extends along the first shaft section 71 and the second shaft section 72, is assigned to each of the two screw conveyors 32.
  • the conveyor trough 75 is open to the shaft opening 34. Your wall course is adapted to the Durckmesser the screw conveyor 32, for example, the conveyor trough 75 has approximately the shape of the lateral surface of half a cylinder. Between the two augers 32, the conveyor troughs 75 abut one another at approximately the level of the longitudinal axes A. form there a common edge 76.
  • the screw conveyor 75 in FIG. 12 only shown by dashed lines.
  • the compression chamber 74 is free of transport and crushing tools.
  • the compression chamber 74 bounding inner wall of the housing 21 is preferably free of protruding into the compression space 74 projections.
  • the dimensions x, y, z of the compression space 74 are constant.
  • the compression space 74 for the comminution tool 23 could also taper in one or more spatial directions.
  • a sensor device 77 In the compression chamber 74, a sensor device 77 is provided, can be detected by the bluff body.
  • the sensor device 77 emits electromagnetic waves into the compression space 74 and receives their reflections.
  • Transmitter and receiver of the sensor device 77 may be arranged as a common structural unit or alternatively also separately on opposite sides of the compression chamber 74.
  • the sensor device 77 transmits a sensor signal S to an evaluation device, which is provided, for example, in the control unit 40 for controlling the conveyor motor 31 and / or the comminution motor 27.
  • a flap 78 is provided on the underside of the housing 21 in the vertical direction below the compression space 74.
  • the flap 78 can be switched over between a closed position closing the compression space 74 from the outside and an open position opening the compression space 74 to the outside.
  • the open position of the flap 78 is in FIG. 12 illustrated by dashed lines.
  • the switching of the flap 78 between the open position and the closed position is controlled by the evaluation device, which is formed in the embodiment of the control unit 40. If the evaluation of the sensor signal S shows that a disturbing body is located in the compression space 74 in the area monitored by the sensor device 77 above the flap 78, the flap 78 is opened and the bluff body can escape from the compression space 74 by the housing opening released from the flap 78 be removed.
  • the opening and closing of the flap can be done by a suitable drive, for example by means of fluidically and in particular hydraulically actuated cylinders 69.
  • a conveyor belt 79 is preferably provided, which removes the material removed from the compression space 74 before comminution.
  • the conveyor belt 79 can be switched on for this purpose via the control device 40 when the flap 78 is brought into the open position. After closing the flap 78, the conveyor belt 79 still runs depending on the transport path for a predetermined time and then is turned off by the control unit 40 again. Alternatively, the conveyor belt 79 can also be operated continuously.
  • the comminuting area 80 is provided in the housing 21.
  • the comminuting tool 22 and, according to the example, the rotor 23 are arranged.
  • the section of the housing 21 which surrounds the comminution section 80 has a screen section 81 in the fifth comminution device 20e.
  • the screening part 81 is preferably displaceably and / or pivotably mounted in order to allow access to the comminuting area 80 and in particular to the comminuting tool 22.
  • the screen 81 is at least partially formed by a grid-like or sieve-like structure 82, which in FIG. 12 schematically illustrated by the crossed hatching.
  • the screen structure 82 is at least is provided in the region of the screening part 81, via which the material comminuted by the comminution tool 22 is removed from the housing 21.
  • the screen structure 82 is provided in the lower portion of the screen member 81. The crushed material falls through the screen 82 down from the housing 21 out on a discharge belt 83rd
  • a filler pipe 85 is provided around the manhole opening 34.
  • This filler pipe 85 has a rectangular cross-section in the embodiment.
  • the filler tube 85 extends substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyors 32 away from the shaft opening 34. It limits a filling space 86.
  • the supplied material to be shredded is stored until it is transported by one of the conveying screws 32 further into the compression space 74.
  • the volume V1 of the filling space 86 corresponds approximately to the volume V2 of the compression space 24, but may alternatively be chosen to be larger.
  • the volume V3 remaining around the augers 32 in the first and second well sections 71, 72 is also preferably about the same as the volume V2 of the compression space 74.
  • the screw conveyor 32 is in all embodiments made at least on its outer surface of a hard material, for example having a hardness of preferably at least 30 HRC.
  • a hard material for example having a hardness of preferably at least 30 HRC.
  • the screw conveyor 32 may be formed entirely of the hard material or merely have a hard outer layer.
  • FIG. 1 Drive shown can be used in all embodiments.
  • various forms of screw conveyors after the FIGS. 7 to 11 be used in all versions.
  • Also related to the FIGS. 12 to 14 described conveyor trough 75 or the controlled via the sensor device 77 flap 78 can also be realized in the other embodiments.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to a comminution device 20 with a comminution tool 22 and a feed screw 32.
  • the feed screw 32 is driven by a feed motor 31.
  • the comminution tool 22 is moved by means of a comminution motor 27.
  • Both motors 27, 31 are preferably designed as three-phase motors. They are controlled by a control unit 40.
  • the control unit 40 detects a load quantity L describing the load and, in particular, the torque of the comminution motor 27.
  • the operating state of the feed motor 31 is set. Specifically, the rotational speed of the feed motor 31 is changed to increase or decrease the load of the crushing motor 27.
  • the conveyor motor 31 and in particular also the comminution motor 27 are operated continuously during standstill of the comminution device 20 without standstill phases.
  • An embodiment of the invention also relates to a crushing device, on the other hand, a tool-free compression space 74 is present between the screw conveyor 32 and the screw conveyor 32 on the one hand and the crushing tool 22 on the other hand.
  • Its volume V2 corresponds approximately to the volume V3, which remains in the housing 21 to the screw conveyor 32 and screw conveyor 32 around.
  • the length x of the compression space 74 in the direction of the longitudinal axis A of the screw conveyor or screw conveyor 32 is measured greater than its perpendicular thereto and perpendicular to the rotational axis D of the comminution tool 22 measured height z.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de broyage,
    comprenant un carter (21) dans lequel est disposé un outil de broyage (22) entraîné par un moteur de broyage (27),
    comprenant un moyen d'amenée (30) pour amener une matière à l'outil de broyage (22), le moyen d' amenée (30) comportant une vis de transport (32) disposée dans le carter (21) et pouvant être entraînée par un moteur de transport (31),
    comprenant une chambre de compression (74) qui est prévue entre la vis de transport (32) et l'outil de broyage (22) et dont la longueur (x) mesurée dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (A) de la vis de transport (32) est plus grande que sa hauteur (z) mesurée transversalement à cette direction,
    la chambre de compression (74) étant surveillée par un moyen de détection (77).
  2. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une unité de commande (40) est prévue pour commander le moteur de transport (31) en fonction d'une variable de charge (L) qui caractérise la charge du moteur de broyage (27).
  3. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de commande (40) commande aussi bien le moteur de transport (31) que le moteur de broyage (27).
  4. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'amenée (30) comprend une bande transporteuse (35) commandable par l'unité de commande (40).
  5. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le moteur de broyage (27) est formé par un moteur électrique, et en ce que le courant de moteur est détecté en tant que variable de charge (L).
  6. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 2 et/ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le moteur de transport (31) et/ou le moteur de broyage (27) sont alimentés par l'intermédiaire d'un convertisseur de fréquence (41).
  7. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'outil de broyage (22, 23) tourne autour d'un axe de rotation (D).
  8. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation (D) de l'outil de broyage (22, 23) et/ou l'axe longitudinal (A) de la vis de transport (32) sont disposés horizontalement.
  9. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le carter (21) comporte un volet (78) au niveau de la chambre de compression (74).
  10. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le volet (78) est commandable et commutable entre une position ouverte et une position fermée.
  11. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la vis de transport (32) est montée seulement à une extrémité axiale (70) ou aux deux extrémités axiales.
  12. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le carter (21) présente un tamis (81, 82) à travers lequel la matière broyée par l'outil de broyage (22) est évacuée du carter (21).
  13. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la vis de transport (32) se rétrécit dans la direction de l'outil de broyage (22).
  14. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la vis de transport (32) est disposée dans un puits de carter (33) qui se rétrécit en particulier dans la direction de l'outil de broyage (22).
  15. Dispositif de broyage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur de pas (h) et/ou l'angle de pas (α) de l'hélice (53) de la vis de transport (32) varient le long de l'axe longitudinal (A) de la vis de transport (32).
EP11738450.3A 2010-07-30 2011-08-01 Dispositif de broyage avec transport à vis Not-in-force EP2598249B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010036761 DE102010036761A1 (de) 2010-07-30 2010-07-30 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit Schneckenförderer
PCT/EP2011/063214 WO2012013820A2 (fr) 2010-07-30 2011-08-01 Dispositif de broyage avec transport à vis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2598249A2 EP2598249A2 (fr) 2013-06-05
EP2598249B1 true EP2598249B1 (fr) 2014-06-11

Family

ID=44629323

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11738450.3A Not-in-force EP2598249B1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2011-08-01 Dispositif de broyage avec transport à vis

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2598249B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010036761A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012013820A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011088414A1 (de) * 2011-12-13 2013-06-13 Cerdur Ceramic GmbH Mahlverfahren und Mahlvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Nano-Mahlgut
DE202016103944U1 (de) 2016-07-20 2017-10-23 STF Maschinen- & Anlagenbau GmbH Fördervorrichtung
CN109499704A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-03-22 宁波开诚生态技术有限公司 一种有机质分离一体机

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732138A (en) * 1956-01-24 forth
DE2264826C3 (de) 1972-12-12 1978-07-13 Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Antriebsdrehzahl eines einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine mit elektrischem Antriebsmotor Gut zuführenden Förderers
DE2831641C2 (de) * 1978-07-19 1985-10-31 Koch Transporttechnik GmbH, 6633 Wadgassen Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von feuchter Abfallmasse
DE9017817U1 (de) * 1989-06-24 1992-03-12 Lenz, August, 8710 Kitzingen Schrotmühle, insbesondere Naßschrotmühle für die Maischeherstellung bei der Biererzeugung
FR2700278B1 (fr) * 1993-01-12 1995-03-31 Cmb Système d'alimentation pour un appareil de broyage de pièces non métalliques, le système étant équipé d'un dispositif de détection.
DE4341606C2 (de) * 1993-12-07 1999-04-29 Stephan & Soehne Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schneiden von stückigen verzehrbaren Produkten
DE50004301D1 (de) * 1999-02-11 2003-12-11 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch Vorrichtung zur zerkleinerung von organischen substanzen
DE112004002012T5 (de) * 2003-10-29 2006-09-21 Komatsu Ltd. Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DE102006003529A1 (de) * 2006-01-24 2007-08-09 Herbold Meckesheim Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Teilen beliebiger Art
DE102006042255B4 (de) * 2006-09-08 2014-02-13 Komptech Gmbh Zerkleinerer
DE202007006712U1 (de) 2007-05-10 2007-07-19 Mewa Recycling Maschinen Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Schrauben-Nachdrückeinrichtung für Zerkleinerungseinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010036761A1 (de) 2012-02-02
WO2012013820A2 (fr) 2012-02-02
WO2012013820A3 (fr) 2012-07-26
EP2598249A2 (fr) 2013-06-05

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