Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
  • C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
  • C01F11/18—Carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
  • C01B17/20—Methods for preparing sulfides or polysulfides, in general
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
  • C01B17/42—Sulfides or polysulfides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B32/60—Preparation of carbonates or bicarbonates in general
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
  • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
  • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
  • C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
  • C01B33/141—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions
  • C01B33/142—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions by acidic treatment of silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
  • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
  • C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B33/187—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
  • C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
  • C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
  • C01B33/187—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
  • C01B33/193—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
  • C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
  • C01F5/24—Magnesium carbonates

Definitions

• the invention relates to a new method for converting metallic silicate minerals to silicon compounds and metal compounds via a conversion reaction.
• silicate mineral The largest proportion of minerals by far in the earth's crust (about 90%) is a silicate mineral.
• Each silicate mineral is built up of a lattice comprising silicate groups (Si04) and metals. Positively charged metal atoms are present in each lattice opposite the negative charge of each silicate group (4-) .
• the type of lattice in which the silicate groups are arranged is subdivided into orthosilicates (isolated silicate groups), nesosilicates (chain of silicates) , phyllosilicates (silicates linked in sheets) and tectosilicates ⁇ 3-dimensional structure of silicates) .
• orthosilicates isolated silicate groups
• nesosilicates chain of silicates
• phyllosilicates phyllosilicates linked in sheets
• tectosilicates ⁇ 3-dimensional structure of silicates
• silica or orthosilicic acid in particular are raw materials much used in industry.
• various metal compounds which have economic importance as for instance intermediate product for metal extraction, can be separated in the form of a salt.
• nesosilicate are silicates which comprise mainly magnesium as metal (and a lower content of iron) .
• a conversion process for these magnesium silicates is known in which the mineral reacts with carbon dioxide in an autoclave under increased temperature and pressure to form magnesium (bi) carbonate and silicic acid as end product.
• the invention provides for this purpose a method for converting metallic silicate minerals to silicon compounds and metal compounds via a conversion reaction
• the GPV comprises two channels having separate entries on the upper side of the GPV and which channels are mutually connected on the underside of the GPV,
• a GPV is per se known from the American patient application US 2006/0086673 as a vertical, elongate, cylindrical vessel placed in the ground and having a length of several hundred metres.
• This GPV is constructed from a central inner channel and an outer channel which encloses the inner channel.
• Inner channel and outer channel are mutually connected on the underside of the GPV. Owing to this construction a flow introduced into the inner channel is carried to a lowest point inside the GPV and then carried upward through the outer channel to then leave the GPV.
• the whole GPV preferably has an overall length of between 500 and 800 metres, wherein the first channel and second channel have corresponding lengths.
• the GPV provides a very efficient heat use.
• the conditions can be chosen such that reaction products are formed substantially in the lowest part of the descending flow and the further part of the ascending flow so that more heat is created overall in the ascending flow. This makes the GPV eminently suitable for heat exchange.
• the reactants are introduced here at some point in the descending flow: this can be at the position of the entry on the upper side of the GPV, but can also be at some depth in the descending flow via a separate conduit. It is a further advantage in the method according to the invention for the solid particles of silicate minerals in dispersion to have an average diameter in the order of magnitude of 2-3 millimetres or smaller. This upper limit for the particle size is relatively high compared to the usual particle size for a reaction in an autoclave. In an autoclave a particle size is generally applied which is at least a factor of 100 smaller, and so lies in the order of magnitude of micrometres.
• the erosion of silicate particles in the descending dispersion flow can be further enhanced when gas bubbles are present in the flow which cause turbulent flows in the main flow.
• This can be achieved by introducing a reactant in gas form into the descending dispersion flow. If no reactant in gas form is introduced it is possible to consider introducing an additional inert gas so that the enhancing effect of the gas bubbles is nevertheless
• one or more of the reactants are preferably added in gas form to the descending dispersion flow.
• This has the effect of creating turbulence in the descending dispersion flow, whereby the erosion of the particles of silicate mineral is enhanced, with the above stated resulting advantages.
• the heat transfer inside the GPV is improved by the presence of gas bubbles.
• the addition of the reactants in gas form can for instance be performed via a conduit provided wholly or partially in the first channel. The gas is brought under a suitable pressure here so that at the position of the injection point a slight overpressure is created relative to the hydrostatic pressure prevailing there in the first channel .
• the GPV comprises a heat exchanger, preferably a system of heat exchangers, and that with particular preference the heat exchanger herein comprises a water reservoir which encloses a part of the GPV as a casing and wherein a plurality of supply and discharge conduits for water are provided at different positions in the reservoir.
• the heat exchanger is for instance provided round the GPV as a casing which is in heat-exchanging contact with the channels of the GPV so that surplus heat - i.e. heat which is not used in the exchange between the channels in the GPV - can be discharged externally.
• the GPV advantageously comprises a system of heat exchangers which can be deployed actively at different heights of the GPV.
• the heat discharged by the heat exchanger (s) can be used in other processes, for instance to produce
• the reactants are introduced at some point in the descending flow: this can be at the position of the entry on the upper side of the GPV, but can also be via a separate conduit at some depth in the descending flow.
• the metallic silicate minerals advantageously comprise: olivine or serpentine. With these minerals a reduction in operational costs can be achieved of about 50%. These minerals moreover have a high absorbing capacity for sequestration of carbon dioxide: about 1 kilogram of olivine is able to absorb or store 1.2 kilograms of carbon dioxide.
• the reactants preferably comprise carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide is added in gas form.
• the carbon dioxide is preferably obtained from a regeneration of absorbent amines or from flue gas from a bioethanol plant.
• the advantage hereof is that such carbon dioxide has a high concentration in gas form, which enhances the kinetics of the reaction. A high concentration of 80%, preferably 90% or higher, is generally desirable for good reaction kinetics.
• flue gas from an ammonia plant can also be used.
• the reactants comprise dissolved bicarbonate, this bicarbonate originating from the reaction of gaseous carbon dioxide with calcium carbonate and/or magnesium carbonate. This method provides the advantage that a concentrated flow of reactant can be supplied when use is made of a flue gas with a low
• concentration of carbon dioxide for instance lower than 50% ⁇ .
• the method thus provides a method for sequestration of carbon dioxide, wherein the heat produced can be utilized to form a concentrated gas flow of carbon dioxide prior to sequestration.
• gaseous carbon dioxide is preferably added at different positions in the first channel of the GPV.
• the silicate minerals have not yet reacted completely, whereby the capacity of the mineral has not been wholly utilized.
• a complete reaction can still be achieved by feeding back unreacted material.
• the unreacted particles have to be
• Water that is salt water is advantageously applied in the invention.
• the higher concentration of dissolved salts results in a higher ion activity being obtained in salt water, which has a positive effect on the conversion
• the heat flow through the heat exchanger can otherwise also take place in the reverse direction, wherein heat is now carried to the GPV for the purpose of heating the reaction mixture in the GPV.
• the diameter can be in the order of magnitude of several metres.

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• 2010
  • 2010-06-08 NL NL2004851A patent/NL2004851C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2011
  • 2011-06-08 AU AU2011262614A patent/AU2011262614B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2011-06-08 WO PCT/NL2011/050408 patent/WO2011155830A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2011-06-08 EP EP11726216.2A patent/EP2580157A1/en not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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