EP2576862A1 - Method for cold gas spraying of a layer having a metal microstructure phase and a microstructure phase made of plastic, component having such a layer, and use of said component - Google Patents

Method for cold gas spraying of a layer having a metal microstructure phase and a microstructure phase made of plastic, component having such a layer, and use of said component

Info

Publication number
EP2576862A1
EP2576862A1 EP11723024.3A EP11723024A EP2576862A1 EP 2576862 A1 EP2576862 A1 EP 2576862A1 EP 11723024 A EP11723024 A EP 11723024A EP 2576862 A1 EP2576862 A1 EP 2576862A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic
layer
component
particles
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11723024.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2576862B1 (en
Inventor
Jens Dahl Jensen
Oliver Stier
Raymond Ullrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2576862A1 publication Critical patent/EP2576862A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2576862B1 publication Critical patent/EP2576862B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0094—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with organic materials as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cold gas spraying of a layer on a substrate, accelerated in the coating particles with a convergent-divergent nozzle in a cold gas jet and deposited on the substrate.
  • the layer produced on a metallic first structural phase of a metal or a metal alloy and a second structural phase of a plastic.
  • the invention relates to a component, the one
  • a method and a component of the type specified is known for example from US 2007/0042218 AI.
  • the method used to make this layer is a cold gas spraying process.
  • particles of the matrix of the layer structure forming metal are so ⁇ as inter alia particles of a plastic material which is to form a soft Pha ⁇ se in the matrix are processed together by the cold gas spraying method.
  • the finished layer then exhibits a closed matrix of the metal, in which the individual particles of the soft plastic phase can be recognized.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a method for producing a layer with a metallic first structural phase and a second structural phase made of plastic, with which comparatively many different materials can be processed and the degree of filling of plastic in the layer produced in a comparatively large Range can be adjusted.
  • the coating particles according to the invention may themselves consist of a metal alloy, which is then deposited substantially in the composition of the particles in the layer.
  • the coating can also be mixed of different metals, said alloying then comes about during the layer forming process, a subsequent Heat Treatment ⁇ lung or during use.
  • thermoplastic fluorine ⁇ polymer is used as a plastic.
  • PTFE Teflon
  • PFA poly(ethylene glycol)
  • PFEP poly(ethylene glycol)
  • FTFE FTFE
  • ECTFE ECTFE
  • PVDF thermoplastic fluorine ⁇ polymer
  • Thermoplastic fluoropolymers have beneficial ⁇ way particularly good sliding properties, non-stick properties or hydrophobic properties and therefore are suitable for example suited as a dry lubricants.
  • these polymers are also relatively temperature stable, depending on the composition up to 400 ° C. They have a very high chemical resistance.
  • These properties can also be utilized in a composite material, as is the coating according to the invention. So crizspielswei ⁇ se nickel-PTFE composite coatings can be produced with the above angegebe- nen structural composition.
  • the coating particles an average particle forthcoming Trains t ⁇ diameter of at least 5 and at most 10 ym ym ym at least 7 and at most 8 ym, measured without having the envelope. It has been found that metallic particles of this size can be easily separated by cold gas spraying. On the other hand, they still have a size that is low enough, resulting in a fine distribution of the second structural phase
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the coating particles are coated with the base material before these are fed to the nozzle or one of these upstream stagnation chamber.
  • cold gas spraying processes particles that can be pre-assembled by specialized suppliers.
  • PTFE dispersions for coating
  • powders from Dyneon (3M) are offered.
  • the nature of the particles can be determined precisely, whereby the cold gas spraying can advantageously be carried out with particularly uniform layer results.
  • the coating particles without an envelope of the nozzle or one of these upstream stagnation chamber are supplied at the same time, a dispersion of plastic particles is fed (AI described in DE 10 2006 047 101), with the art ⁇ material particles to the coating particles deposit before they hit the substrate.
  • the liquid which forms the dispersion with the plastic particles evaporates, so that only the plastic particles adhere to the coating particles and thus form their coating.
  • the plastic particles should preferably have smaller dimensions than the coating particles whose part they are formed by attachment.
  • the plastic particles are nanoparticles. These can be advantageously processed particularly well as a dispersion.
  • Dispersions for plastics include, for example, dispersions with PTFE nanoparticles, which are available, for example, from the company Dycker. neon and are designated by the trade names PTFE 5032R, PTFE 5035R and PTFE 5050R.
  • the coating particles can be ground, for example, with PTFE powder, the particles of the plastic adhering to the coating particles.
  • the micropowder TF 9205 PTFE with a particle size of 8 ym in question, as it is sold by the company Dyneon.
  • the coating particles must be larger, so that an addition of the plastic particles with high yield is possible.
  • the above object is further achieved by a component in which the second structure phase of plastic in the layer is formed as a coherent network. This is made possible by the fact that the second structural phase made of plastic is applied as a coating of the coating particles forming the first structural phase of metal. This advantageously allows a very fine distribution of the plastic in the structure of the layer produced.
  • the first metallic phase structure is formed as a continuous matrix, with the matrix of the metallic phase structure and the network of the second structural phase plastic penetrate ge ⁇ genfact in each case.
  • the spatial structures are thus interlocked. This has the advantage that at the same time fine distribution of the second structural phase of plastic, a firm cohesion of the first Metalli ⁇ rule microstructure phase is guaranteed.
  • the spatial structure of the structural phases in the layer depends primarily on the parameters of the production of the layer according to the invention. If the layer is produced on the component by cold gas spraying, for example, the kinetic energy with which the coating particles are sprayed can be changed.
  • the coating particles do not deform as much when impinging on the component so that the casing is largely retained, and so forms a coherences constricting network, which at least largely surrounds the coating particles.
  • Which tung particles from the coating-forming first metallic phase structure is as ⁇ forth substantially non-contiguous. To the first metallic structure phase as coherent
  • the kinetic energy can be increased, with which the coating particles are processed.
  • the plastic of the casing upon impact of the coating particles is displaced more on the component or even partially evaporated due to the strong local increase so that adjacent metallic coating saving ⁇ Tikel cake and thereby a total of a coherent matrix is formed.
  • ⁇ the particle remains play, outside the impact zone overall cient plastic material of the coating left, so that it can also form a coherent network.
  • Another way to influence the layer composition and the formation of the structural phases is to modify the thickness of the envelope.
  • the component can advantageously be used as a bearing component of a sliding bearing.
  • components are meant insbeson ⁇ particular flow around a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • the layer of the invention is advantageous because it reduces the tendency to adhere ice or dirt, the surfaces formed are easy to clean, and by lower friction, for example, abrasive particles and the wear is reduced because the surface of the inventive layer excellent tribological intrinsic ⁇ has shafts.
  • the risk of corrosive ⁇ on environmental influences decreases because z.
  • Raindrop beads and therefore can not train local elements that would favor, for example, a pitting corrosion.
  • As possible flow components are rotor blades of wind power ⁇ plants and body parts of transport to call.
  • the term "means of transport" is to be understood broadly, meaning vehicles, aircraft, ships and trains alike.
  • FIG 1 shows an embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show exemplary embodiments of coating particles, such as can be used in the process according to the invention, as cross sections and FIGS.
  • the cold gas spraying process according to the invention can be carried out with a cold gas spraying nozzle 11 according to FIG.
  • This has a convergent section 12 and a divergent section 13 and a throat 14.
  • Such a nozzle is called a convergent-divergent nozzle.
  • the convergent portion 12 of the cold spray nozzle 11 is in communication with a Stag ⁇ tion chamber 15, open into the different supply pipes.
  • a particle feed tube 16 for coating particles 17 opens centrally into the stagnation chamber. Furthermore, a ring of Suspensionszu Foodrohren 18 in the stagnation chamber is arranged through which a suspension consisting of a flowable slurries ⁇ onskar, for example water, and plastic particles, in Direction of the indicated arrows 19 can be introduced into the stagnation chamber. The dispersion mixes with the coating particles 17, so that the plastic particles 20 can be deposited on the coating particles 17 and thereby form an envelope 21 ( Figure 3).
  • the coating particles 17, as shown in Figure 2 is to take ent ⁇ , but first of which the plastics particles 20 wetted dispersion 22nd However, the dispersing agent evaporates very quickly at the latest after the expansion of the cold gas stream in the diver ⁇ divergent portion 13 of the nozzle 11 so that the Parti ⁇ kel 17 left from the plastic particles 20 with the sheath 21st
  • the plastic particles 20 have dimensions in the nanometer range, while the metallic portions of the coating particles 17 have an average diameter of approximately 8 ⁇ m.
  • a component 23 according to FIG. 4 consists of a substrate 24 on which a layer 25 is deposited.
  • the layer 25 has a first structural phase of metal 26, which is embedded in a second structural phase 27 made of plastic.
  • the Ge ⁇ add phase 27 made of plastic thus forming a linked ⁇ of the network in the layer 25.
  • the layer is composed of something ⁇ DERS 25th
  • the coating particles form a coherent matrix so that the first metalli ⁇ specific structural phase 26 produces a coherent network. This is penetrated by the network of the second structure phase 27 made of plastic, so that both structural phases are entangled, so to speak, or interwoven with each other in other words.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for cold gas spraying of a layer, wherein coating particles (17) are accelerated in a cold spraying nozzle (11) for this purpose, and according to the invention said particles (17) have a plastic encapsulation. In said manner, the plastic is precipitated onto the substrate together with the metal material, thereby forming in particular layer compositions having good sliding properties, dirt repellent properties, or lubricating properties. The invention further relates to such a coating, and to the use of such a coating as the bearing component of a sliding bearing, as a flow component, in particular as a rotor blade of wind power plants or body components of means of transportation, or as trim components of structures.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen einer Schicht mit einer metallischen Gefügephase und einer Gefügephase aus Kunststoff, Bauteil mit einer solchen Schicht sowie Verwendungen dieses Bauteils Process for the cold gas spraying of a layer with a metallic structural phase and a plastic structural phase, component with such a layer and uses of this component
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen einer Schicht auf einem Substrat, bei dem Beschichtungspartikel mit einer konvergent-divergenten Düse in einem Kaltgasstrahl beschleunigt und auf dem Substrat abgeschieden werden. Dabei weist die erzeugte Schicht eine metallische erste Gefügephase aus einem Metall oder einer Metalllegierung auf und eine zweite Gefügephase aus einem Kunststoff. The invention relates to a method for cold gas spraying of a layer on a substrate, accelerated in the coating particles with a convergent-divergent nozzle in a cold gas jet and deposited on the substrate. In this case, the layer produced on a metallic first structural phase of a metal or a metal alloy and a second structural phase of a plastic.
Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Bauteil, das eine Furthermore, the invention relates to a component, the one
Schicht mit einer metallischen ersten Gefügephase aus einem Metall oder einer Metalllegierung und eine zweite Gefügephase aus Kunststoff aufweist und vorzugsweise durch Kaltgassprit- zen hergestellt wurde. Layer having a metallic first structural phase of a metal or a metal alloy and a second structural phase of plastic and was preferably produced by cold gas spraying zen.
Ein Verfahren sowie ein Bauteil der eingangs angegebenen Art ist beispielsweise aus der US 2007/0042218 AI bekannt. Das Verfahren, das zur Herstellung dieser Schicht angewendet wird, ist ein Kaltgasspritzverfahren . Hierbei werden Partikel eines die Matrix des Schichtgefüges ausbildenden Metalls so¬ wie u. a. Partikel eines Kunststoffs, welche eine weiche Pha¬ se in der Matrix ausbilden soll, gemeinsam durch das Kaltgas- spritzverfahren verarbeitet. Die fertige Schicht weist dann eine geschlossene Matrix des Metalls aus, in der sich die einzelnen Partikel der weichen Phase aus Kunststoff erkennen lassen . Die Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Schicht mit einer metallischen ersten Gefügephase und einer zweiten Gefügephase aus Kunststoff anzugeben, mit der sich vergleichsweise viele unterschiedliche Materia- lien verarbeiten lassen und der Füllgrad an Kunststoff in der erzeugten Schicht in einem vergleichsweise großen Bereich eingestellt werden kann. A method and a component of the type specified is known for example from US 2007/0042218 AI. The method used to make this layer is a cold gas spraying process. Here, particles of the matrix of the layer structure forming metal are so ¬ as inter alia particles of a plastic material which is to form a soft Pha ¬ se in the matrix are processed together by the cold gas spraying method. The finished layer then exhibits a closed matrix of the metal, in which the individual particles of the soft plastic phase can be recognized. The object of the invention is to specify a method for producing a layer with a metallic first structural phase and a second structural phase made of plastic, with which comparatively many different materials can be processed and the degree of filling of plastic in the layer produced in a comparatively large Range can be adjusted.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem eingangs genannten Verfahren er- findungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass Beschichtungspartikel ver¬ wendet werden, die aus einem die metallische Gefügephase bil¬ denden Werkstoff bestehen und mit einer Umhüllung aus Kunststoff versehen sind. Demgemäß werden also keine einzelnen Kunststoffpartikel verwendet, sondern es wird der Kunststoff, der die zweite Gefügephase bilden soll, fest an die zu verar¬ beitenden metallischen Partikel gebunden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Kunststoff, der eine wesentlich geringere Dichte hat als das Metall der Partikel, fest an den metalli¬ schen Partikeln anhaftet. Deswegen wird auch der Kunststoff in dem Kaltgasspritzverfahren in gleicher Weise beschleunigt und profitiert von der hohen Einschlaggeschwindigkeit, die die Metallpartikel mit der wesentlich höheren Dichte errei¬ chen. Hierdurch ist vorteilhaft eine unproblematischere Ab- scheidung von Kunststoff in der zu bildenden Schicht möglich. Dies ist anders, als wenn er wie in der eingangs erwähnten US 2007/0042218 AI gesondert als Partikel dem Kaltgasstrahl zu¬ geführt wird, und nur bis zu einer gewissen Grenzkonzentrati¬ on in dem metallischen Gefüge der Schicht untergebracht wer¬ den kann. Darüber hinaus fallen die Kunststoffpartikel von der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche ab und werden nicht in diese eingebaut. Die erfindungsgemäß vorliegenden Beschichtungspartikel können dabei selbst aus einer Metalllegierung bestehen, wobei diese dann im Wesentlichen in der Zusammensetzung der Partikel in der Schicht abgeschieden wird. Die Beschichtungs- Partikel können aber auch aus unterschiedlichen Metallen gemischt werden, wobei eine Legierungsbildung dann während des Schichtbildungsprozesses, einer nachträglichen Wärmebehand¬ lung oder während der Benutzung zustande kommt. This object is achieved with the method mentioned inven- tion achieved according to that coating particles ver ¬ turns, which consist of a metallic structural phase bil ¬ Denden material and are provided with a coating of plastic. Accordingly, therefore, no individual plastic particles are used, but it is the plastic, which is to form the second structural phase, firmly bonded to the verar ¬ processing metallic particles. This has the advantage that the plastic, which has a much lower density than the metal particles firmly adhered to the metalli ¬ rule particles. Therefore, also the plastic material in the cold spraying process is accelerated in the same manner and benefits from the high impact velocity that the metal particles with the substantially higher density Errei ¬ chen. This advantageously makes possible a more problematic deposition of plastic in the layer to be formed. This is different than when the cold gas jet is guided to ¬ separately as in the above-mentioned US 2007/0042218 Al as particles, and only up to a certain Grenzkonzentrati ¬ on housed in the metallic structure of the layer who can ¬. In addition, the plastic particles fall from the surface to be coated and are not installed in this. The coating particles according to the invention may themselves consist of a metal alloy, which is then deposited substantially in the composition of the particles in the layer. The coating However, particles can also be mixed of different metals, said alloying then comes about during the layer forming process, a subsequent Heat Treatment ¬ lung or during use.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass als Kunststoff ein thermoplastisches Fluor¬ polymer zum Einsatz kommt. Insbesondere PTFE (Teflon) und/oder PFA und/oder PFEP und/oder FTFE und/oder ECTFE und/oder PVDF. Thermoplastische Fluorpolymere weisen vorteil¬ haft besonders gute Gleiteigenschaften, Antihafteigenschaften bzw. Hydrophobieeigenschaften auf und eignen sich daher beispielsweise hervorragend als Trockenschmierstoffe. Zudem sind diese Polymere auch verhältnismäßig temperaturstabil, je nach Zusammensetzung bis zu 400 °C. Sie besitzen eine sehr hohe chemische Beständigkeit. Diese Eigenschaften können auch in einem Kompositmaterial, wie dies die erfindungsgemäße Be- schichtung darstellt, genutzt werden. So können beispielswei¬ se Nickel-PTFE-Kompositbeschichtungen mit der oben angegebe- nen Gefügezusammensetzung hergestellt werden. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that as a plastic, a thermoplastic fluorine ¬ polymer is used. In particular PTFE (Teflon) and / or PFA and / or PFEP and / or FTFE and / or ECTFE and / or PVDF. Thermoplastic fluoropolymers have beneficial ¬ way particularly good sliding properties, non-stick properties or hydrophobic properties and therefore are suitable for example suited as a dry lubricants. In addition, these polymers are also relatively temperature stable, depending on the composition up to 400 ° C. They have a very high chemical resistance. These properties can also be utilized in a composite material, as is the coating according to the invention. So beispielswei ¬ se nickel-PTFE composite coatings can be produced with the above angegebe- nen structural composition.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Beschichtungspartikel einen mittleren Partikel¬ durchmesser von mindestens 5 ym und höchstens 10 ym, bevor- zugt mindestens 7 ym und höchstens 8 ym, gemessen ohne die Umhüllung, aufweisen. Hierbei hat es sich herausgestellt, dass metallische Partikel dieser Größe sich unproblematisch durch Kaltgasspritzen abscheiden lassen. Auf der anderen Seite besitzen diese noch eine Größe, die gering genug ist, da- mit sich eine feine Verteilung der zweiten Gefügephase ausAccording to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the coating particles, an average particle forthcoming Trains t ¬ diameter of at least 5 and at most 10 ym ym ym at least 7 and at most 8 ym, measured without having the envelope. It has been found that metallic particles of this size can be easily separated by cold gas spraying. On the other hand, they still have a size that is low enough, resulting in a fine distribution of the second structural phase
Kunststoff herstellen lässt. Damit können die oben angegebe¬ nen Vorteile bestmöglich genutzt werden. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass die Beschichtungspartikel mit dem Grundstoff beschichtet werden, bevor diese der Düse oder einer dieser vorgelagerten Stagnationskammer zugeführt werden. Damit wer- den mit dem Kaltgasspritzen Partikel verarbeitet, die durch spezialisierte Anbieter vorkonfektioniert werden können. Es werden beispielsweise PTFE-Dispersionen (zum Beschichten) und Pulver von der Fa. Dyneon (3M) angeboten. Vorteilhaft lässt sich die Beschaffenheit der Partikel genau bestimmen, wodurch das Kaltgasspritzen vorteilhaft mit besonders gleichmäßigen Schichtergebnissen durchgeführt werden kann. Plastic can be produced. Thus the above-admit ¬ nen benefits can best use. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the coating particles are coated with the base material before these are fed to the nozzle or one of these upstream stagnation chamber. This means that cold gas spraying processes particles that can be pre-assembled by specialized suppliers. For example, PTFE dispersions (for coating) and powders from Dyneon (3M) are offered. Advantageously, the nature of the particles can be determined precisely, whereby the cold gas spraying can advantageously be carried out with particularly uniform layer results.
Es ist jedoch vorteilhaft auch möglich, dass die Beschichtungspartikel ohne eine Umhüllung der Düse oder einer dieser vorgelagerten Stagnationskammer zugeführt werden und gleichzeitig eine Dispersion von KunststoffPartikeln (in DE 10 2006 047 101 AI beschrieben) zugeführt wird, wobei sich die Kunst¬ stoffpartikel an die Beschichtungspartikel anlagern, bevor diese auf das Substrat auftreffen. Dabei verdampft die Flüs- sigkeit, die die Dispersion mit den KunststoffPartikeln bildet, so dass lediglich die Kunststoffpartikel auf den Be- schichtungspartikeln haften bleiben und so deren Umhüllung bilden. Hierbei sollten die Kunststoffpartikel vorzugsweise geringere Abmessungen aufweisen als die Beschichtungsparti- kel, deren Teil sie durch Anlagerung werden. Vorzugsweise sind die Kunststoffpartikel Nanopartikel . Diese können als Dispersion vorteilhaft besonders gut verarbeitet werden. Der Vorteil einer Durchführung des Beschichtungsverfahrens mit Kunststoffdispersionen ist, dass eine größere Vielfalt von verschiedenen WerkstoffZusammenstellungen verarbeitet werden kann, ohne dass hierbei eine erhöhte Lagerhaltung an vorge¬ fertigten Partikeln notwendig ist. Als Dispersion für Kunststoffe kommen beispielsweise Dispersionen mit PTFE- Nanopartikeln in Frage, die beispielsweise von der Firma Dy- neon vertrieben werden und mit den Handelsnamen PTFE 5032R, PTFE 5035R und PTFE 5050R bezeichnet werden. However, it is also advantageously possible for the coating particles without an envelope of the nozzle or one of these upstream stagnation chamber are supplied at the same time, a dispersion of plastic particles is fed (AI described in DE 10 2006 047 101), with the art ¬ material particles to the coating particles deposit before they hit the substrate. In the process, the liquid which forms the dispersion with the plastic particles evaporates, so that only the plastic particles adhere to the coating particles and thus form their coating. In this case, the plastic particles should preferably have smaller dimensions than the coating particles whose part they are formed by attachment. Preferably, the plastic particles are nanoparticles. These can be advantageously processed particularly well as a dispersion. The advantage of carrying out the coating process with plastics dispersions that a greater variety of different material combinations can be processed without thereby an increased inventory of pre-made ¬ particles is necessary. Dispersions for plastics include, for example, dispersions with PTFE nanoparticles, which are available, for example, from the company Dycker. neon and are designated by the trade names PTFE 5032R, PTFE 5035R and PTFE 5050R.
Um die Beschichtungspartikel vor dem Verarbeiten durch Kalt- gasspritzen bereits mit der Umhüllung aus Kunststoff zu versehen, können die Beschichtungspartikel beispielsweise mit PTFE-Pulver gemahlen werden, wobei sich die Partikel des Kunststoffes an die Beschichtungspartikel anlagern. Hierfür kommt beispielsweise das Mikropulver TF 9205 PTFE mit einer Partikelgröße von 8 ym in Frage, wie es durch die Firma Dyne- on vertrieben wird. Allerdings müssen in diesem Falle auch die Beschichtungspartikel größer sein, damit eine Anlagerung der Kunststoffpartikel mit großer Ausbeute möglich ist. Die oben angegebene Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch ein Bauteil gelöst, bei dem die zweite Gefügephase aus Kunststoff in der Schicht als zusammenhängendes Netzwerk ausgebildet ist. Dies wird dadurch ermöglicht, dass die zweite Gefügephase aus Kunststoff als Umhüllung der die erste Gefügephase aus Metall ausbildenden Beschichtungspartikel aufgebracht ist. Hierdurch ist vorteilhaft eine sehr feine Verteilung des Kunststoffes in dem Gefüge der hergestellten Schicht möglich. In order to provide the coating particles already with the plastic coating before being processed by cold gas spraying, the coating particles can be ground, for example, with PTFE powder, the particles of the plastic adhering to the coating particles. For this example, the micropowder TF 9205 PTFE with a particle size of 8 ym in question, as it is sold by the company Dyneon. However, in this case, the coating particles must be larger, so that an addition of the plastic particles with high yield is possible. The above object is further achieved by a component in which the second structure phase of plastic in the layer is formed as a coherent network. This is made possible by the fact that the second structural phase made of plastic is applied as a coating of the coating particles forming the first structural phase of metal. This advantageously allows a very fine distribution of the plastic in the structure of the layer produced.
Vorteilhaft ist es im Übrigen, wenn die erste metallische Ge- fügephase als zusammenhängende Matrix ausgebildet ist, wobei sich in jedem Fall die Matrix der metallischen Gefügephase und das Netzwerk der zweiten Gefügephase aus Kunststoff ge¬ genseitig durchdringen. Die räumlichen Strukturen liegen somit ineinander verschränkt vor. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass bei gleichzeitig feiner Verteilung der zweiten Gefügephase aus Kunststoff ein fester Zusammenhalt der ersten metalli¬ schen Gefügephase gewährleistet ist. Welche räumliche Struktur die Gefügephasen in der Schicht aufweisen, hängt in erster Linie von den Parametern der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht ab. Wird die Schicht auf dem Bauteil durch Kaltgasspritzen hergestellt, kann bei- spielsweise die kinetische Energie verändert werden, mit der die Beschichtungspartikel verspritzt werden. Wenn diese ge¬ ringer auffällt, so verformen sich die Beschichtungspartikel beim Auftreffen auf das Bauteil nicht so stark, so dass die Umhüllung weitgehend erhalten bleibt und so ein zusammenhän- gendes Netzwerk ausbildet, welches die Beschichtungspartikel zumindest noch weitgehend umgibt. Die sich aus den Beschich- tungspartikeln bildende erste metallische Gefügephase ist da¬ her im Wesentlichen nicht zusammenhängend. Um die erste metallische Gefügephase als zusammenhängendeIt is advantageous, moreover, when the first metallic phase structure is formed as a continuous matrix, with the matrix of the metallic phase structure and the network of the second structural phase plastic penetrate ge ¬ genseitig in each case. The spatial structures are thus interlocked. This has the advantage that at the same time fine distribution of the second structural phase of plastic, a firm cohesion of the first Metalli ¬ rule microstructure phase is guaranteed. The spatial structure of the structural phases in the layer depends primarily on the parameters of the production of the layer according to the invention. If the layer is produced on the component by cold gas spraying, for example, the kinetic energy with which the coating particles are sprayed can be changed. If this ge ¬ ringer noticeable, then the coating particles do not deform as much when impinging on the component so that the casing is largely retained, and so forms a coherences constricting network, which at least largely surrounds the coating particles. Which tung particles from the coating-forming first metallic phase structure is as ¬ forth substantially non-contiguous. To the first metallic structure phase as coherent
Matrix herzustellen, kann die kinetische Energie erhöht werden, mit der die Beschichtungspartikel verarbeitet werden. Hierdurch wird der Kunststoff der Umhüllung beim Auftreffen der Beschichtungspartikel auf das Bauteil stärker verdrängt bzw. aufgrund der starken lokalen Erhöhung auch teilweise verdampft, so dass benachbarte metallische Beschichtungspar¬ tikel zusammenbacken und hierdurch insgesamt eine zusammenhängende Matrix ausgebildet wird. Allerdings bleibt bei¬ spielsweise außerhalb der Auftreffzone der Partikel noch ge- nügend Kunststoffmaterial der Umhüllung übrig, so dass auch dieses ein zusammenhängendes Netzwerk ausbilden kann. Matrix, the kinetic energy can be increased, with which the coating particles are processed. In this way, the plastic of the casing upon impact of the coating particles is displaced more on the component or even partially evaporated due to the strong local increase so that adjacent metallic coating saving ¬ Tikel cake and thereby a total of a coherent matrix is formed. However, in ¬ the particle remains play, outside the impact zone overall cient plastic material of the coating left, so that it can also form a coherent network.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit, die SchichtZusammensetzung und die Ausbildung der Gefügephasen zu beeinflussen, liegt darin, die Dicke der Umhüllung zu modifizieren. Je dünner die Umhüllung ist, desto weniger Kunststoff ist in das Gefüge der Schicht eingebaut und desto eher bildet sich auch eine zusammenhän¬ gende Matrix der ersten metallischen Gefügephase aus. Anders- herum wird dies verhindert, wenn die Umhüllung der Beschich- tungspartikel mit einer größeren Dicke ausgeführt wird. Another way to influence the layer composition and the formation of the structural phases is to modify the thickness of the envelope. The thinner the sheath, the less plastic is built into the structure of the layer and the more likely a zusammenhän ¬ constricting matrix of the first metal structure phase is formed. Different- This is prevented when the coating of the coating particles is made thicker.
Das Bauteil kann vorteilhaft als Lagerbauteil einer Gleitla- gerung verwendet werden. Hierbei kann die Schicht auf demThe component can advantageously be used as a bearing component of a sliding bearing. Here, the layer on the
Bauteil ihre hervorragenden Trockenschmiereigenschaften voll zum Einsatz bringen. Make use of their excellent dry lubrication properties.
Eine andere Verwendung des Bauteils ist die Verwendung als Strömungsbauteil. Damit sind Bauteile gemeint, die insbeson¬ dere von einem flüssigen oder gasförmigen Medium umströmt werden. Hierbei ist die erfindungsgemäße Schicht von Vorteil, da diese die Neigung zur Anhaftung von Eis oder Schmutz verringert, die gebildeten Oberflächen leicht zu reinigen sind, und durch geringere Reibung beispielsweise abrasiver Partikel auch der Verschleiß vermindert wird, da die Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht hervorragende tribologische Eigen¬ schaften aufweist. Zuletzt verringert sich auch die Korrosi¬ onsgefahr bei Umwelteinflüssen, weil z. B. Regentropfen ab- perlen und sich daher keine Lokalelemente ausbilden können, die beispielsweise eine Lochfraßkorrosion begünstigen würden. Als mögliche Strömungsbauteile sind Rotorblätter von Wind¬ kraftanlagen sowie Karosserieteile von Verkehrsmitteln zu nennen. Der Ausdruck „Verkehrsmittel" ist dabei breit zu ver- stehen. Es sind Fahrzeuge, Flugzeuge, Schiffe und auch Züge hiermit gleichermaßen gemeint. Another use of the component is its use as a flow component. Thus, components are meant insbeson ¬ particular flow around a liquid or gaseous medium. Here, the layer of the invention is advantageous because it reduces the tendency to adhere ice or dirt, the surfaces formed are easy to clean, and by lower friction, for example, abrasive particles and the wear is reduced because the surface of the inventive layer excellent tribological intrinsic ¬ has shafts. Finally, the risk of corrosive ¬ on environmental influences decreases because z. B. Raindrop beads and therefore can not train local elements that would favor, for example, a pitting corrosion. As possible flow components are rotor blades of wind power ¬ plants and body parts of transport to call. The term "means of transport" is to be understood broadly, meaning vehicles, aircraft, ships and trains alike.
Auch die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils als Verkleidungsbauteil insbesondere von Bauwerken, wie zum Beispiel als Fassadenelement, ist vorteilhaft. Hierdurch lassen sich leicht zu reinigende Fassaden erzeugen, die seltener oder gar nicht von Schmutz befreit werden müssen. Auch hier kann eine Korrosionsneigung der Verkleidungsbauteile verringert werden. Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Gleiche oder sich entsprechende Zeichnungselemente sind jeweils mit den gleichen Bezugszei¬ chen versehen und werden nur insoweit mehrfach erläutert, wie sich Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Figuren ergeben. Es zeigen : The use of the component according to the invention as a cladding component in particular of buildings, such as a facade element, is advantageous. This makes it easy to produce facades that need to be freed less often or not at all from dirt. Again, a tendency to corrosion of the trim components can be reduced. Further details of the invention are described below with reference to the drawing. Identical or corresponding drawing elements are each provided with the same Bezugszei ¬ chen and are only explained several times as far as differences arise between the individual figures. Show it :
Figur 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the invention
Verfahrens sowie eine hierzu geeignete, modi- fizierte Kaltgasspritzdüse mit Stagnationskam¬ mer, Process and a commissioning appropriate, modi- fied Kaltgasspritzdüse with Stagnationskam ¬ mer,
Figur 2 und 3 Ausführungsbeispiele von Beschichtungsparti- keln, wie sie in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfah- ren zum Einsatz kommen können, als Querschnitte und FIGS. 2 and 3 show exemplary embodiments of coating particles, such as can be used in the process according to the invention, as cross sections and FIGS
Figur 4 und 5 Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Figures 4 and 5 embodiments of the invention
Bauteils mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schicht als Teilschnitte.  Component with the layer according to the invention as partial sections.
Das erfindungsgemäße Kaltgasspritzverfahren kann mit einer Kaltgasspritzdüse 11 gemäß Figur 1 durchgeführt werden. Diese weist einen konvergenten Abschnitt 12 und einen divergenten Abschnitt 13 und eine Kehle 14 auf. Eine solche Düse wird als konvergent-divergente Düse bezeichnet. Der konvergente Anteil 12 der Kaltspritzdüse 11 steht in Verbindung mit einer Stag¬ nationskammer 15, in die verschiedene Zuführungsrohre münden. The cold gas spraying process according to the invention can be carried out with a cold gas spraying nozzle 11 according to FIG. This has a convergent section 12 and a divergent section 13 and a throat 14. Such a nozzle is called a convergent-divergent nozzle. The convergent portion 12 of the cold spray nozzle 11 is in communication with a Stag ¬ tion chamber 15, open into the different supply pipes.
Ein Partikelzuführrohr 16 für Beschichtungspartikel 17 mündet zentral in die Stagnationskammer. Weiterhin ist ein Kranz von Suspensionszuführrohren 18 in der Stagnationskammer angeordnet, durch die eine Suspension, bestehend aus einem Suspensi¬ onsmittel, beispielsweise Wasser, und KunststoffPartikeln, in Richtung der angedeuteten Pfeile 19 in die Stagnationskammer eingeführt werden kann. Die Dispersion vermischt sich mit den Beschichtungspartikeln 17, so dass die Kunststoffpartikel 20 auf den Beschichtungspartikeln 17 angelagert werden können und dadurch eine Umhüllung 21 bilden (Figur 3) . A particle feed tube 16 for coating particles 17 opens centrally into the stagnation chamber. Furthermore, a ring of Suspensionszuführrohren 18 in the stagnation chamber is arranged through which a suspension consisting of a flowable slurries ¬ onsmittel, for example water, and plastic particles, in Direction of the indicated arrows 19 can be introduced into the stagnation chamber. The dispersion mixes with the coating particles 17, so that the plastic particles 20 can be deposited on the coating particles 17 and thereby form an envelope 21 (Figure 3).
Vorher wird das Beschichtungspartikel 17, wie Figur 2 zu ent¬ nehmen ist, jedoch zunächst von der die Kunststoffpartikel 20 Dispersion 22 benetzt. Das Dispersionsmittel verdampft jedoch spätestens nach der Entspannung des Kaltgasstrahls im diver¬ genten Teil 13 der Düse 11 recht schnell, so dass die Parti¬ kel 17 mit der Umhüllung 21 aus den KunststoffPartikeln 20 übrig bleiben. Die Kunststoffpartikel 20 weisen Abmessungen im Nanometerbereich auf, während die metallischen Anteile der Beschichtungspartikel 17 einen mittleren Durchmesser von ungefähr 8 ym aufweisen. Previously, the coating particles 17, as shown in Figure 2 is to take ent ¬, but first of which the plastics particles 20 wetted dispersion 22nd However, the dispersing agent evaporates very quickly at the latest after the expansion of the cold gas stream in the diver ¬ divergent portion 13 of the nozzle 11 so that the Parti ¬ kel 17 left from the plastic particles 20 with the sheath 21st The plastic particles 20 have dimensions in the nanometer range, while the metallic portions of the coating particles 17 have an average diameter of approximately 8 μm.
Ein Bauteil 23 gemäß Figur 4 besteht aus einem Substrat 24, auf dem eine Schicht 25 abgeschieden ist. Die Schicht 25 weist eine erste Gefügephase aus Metall 26 auf, die in eine zweite Gefügephase 27 aus Kunststoff eingebettet ist. Die Ge¬ fügephase 27 aus Kunststoff bildet somit ein zusammenhängen¬ des Netzwerk in der Schicht 25. Bei dem Bauteil 23 gemäß Figur 5 ist die Schicht 25 etwas an¬ ders aufgebaut. Hier bilden die Beschichtungspartikel eine zusammenhängende Matrix aus, so dass auch die erste metalli¬ sche Gefügephase 26 ein zusammenhängendes Netzwerk ergibt. Dieses ist durch das Netzwerk der zweiten Gefügephase 27 aus Kunststoff durchdrungen, so dass beide Gefügephasen sozusagen verschränkt oder mit anderen Worten miteinander verwoben sind . A component 23 according to FIG. 4 consists of a substrate 24 on which a layer 25 is deposited. The layer 25 has a first structural phase of metal 26, which is embedded in a second structural phase 27 made of plastic. The Ge ¬ add phase 27 made of plastic thus forming a linked ¬ of the network in the layer 25. In the device 23 according to Figure 5, the layer is composed of something ¬ DERS 25th Here, the coating particles form a coherent matrix so that the first metalli ¬ specific structural phase 26 produces a coherent network. This is penetrated by the network of the second structure phase 27 made of plastic, so that both structural phases are entangled, so to speak, or interwoven with each other in other words.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen einer Schicht (25) auf ei- nemSubstrat (24), bei dem Beschichtungspartikel (17) mit ei- ner konvergent-divergenten Düse (11) in einem Kaltgasstrahl beschleunigt und auf dem Substrat abgeschieden werden, wobei die erzeugte Schicht (24) eine metallische erste Gefügephase (26) und eine zweite Gefügephase (27) aus einem Kunststoff aufweist, A method of cold gas spraying a layer (25) on a substrate (24) in which coating particles (17) having a convergent-divergent nozzle (11) are accelerated in a cold gas jet and deposited on the substrate, the layer produced (24) has a metallic first structural phase (26) and a second structural phase (27) made of a plastic,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass Beschichtungspartikel (17) verwendet werden, die aus ei¬ nem die metallische Gefügephase bildenden Werkstoff bestehen und mit einer Umhüllung (21) aus dem Kunststoff versehen sind . that coating particles (17) are used which consist the metallic structural phase-forming material of ei ¬ nem and with a sheath (21) are made of the plastic.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2. The method according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass als Kunststoff ein thermoplastisches Flourpolymer zum Einsatz kommt, insbesondere PTFE und/oder PFA und/oder FEP und/oder E FE und/oder ECTFE und/oder PVDF. in that a thermoplastic fluoropolymer is used as the plastic, in particular PTFE and / or PFA and / or FEP and / or EFE and / or ECTFE and / or PVDF.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die Beschichtungspartikel (17) einen mittleren Partikel- durchmesser von mindestens 5 ym und höchstens 10 ym, bevor¬ zugt mindestens 7 ym und höchstens 8 ym, gemessen ohne die Umhüllung, aufweisen. that the coating particles (17) have an average particle of at least 5 and at most 10 ym ym before Trains t ¬ at least 7 and at most 8 ym ym, measured without the wrapper, have diameters.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die Beschichtungspartikel (17) mit dem Kunststoff be¬ schichtet werden, bevor diese der Düse (11) oder einer dieser vorgelagerten Stagnationskammer (15) zugeführt werden. that the coating particles (17) will be ¬ coated with the resin before it the nozzle (11) or one of these upstream stagnation chamber (15) are supplied.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die Beschichtungspartikel (17) ohne eine Umhüllung der Düse (11) oder einer dieser vorgelagerten Stagnationskammer (15) zugeführt werden und gleichzeitig eine Dispersion von KunststoffPartikeln (20) zugeführt wird, wobei sich die in that the coating particles (17) are supplied without an envelope to the nozzle (11) or one of these upstream stagnation chambers (15) and at the same time a dispersion of plastic particles (20) is supplied, wherein the
Kunststoffpartikel an die Beschichtungspartikel anlagern, be¬ vor diese auf das Substrat auftreffen. Affix plastic particles to the coating particles be ¬ before they impinge on the substrate.
6. Bauteil mit einer Schicht (24), wobei die Schicht (24) ei¬ ne metallische erste Gefügephase (26) und eine zweite Gefüge¬ phase (27) aus einem Kunststoff aufweist 6. component having a layer (24), wherein the layer (24) ei ¬ ne metallic first structural phase (26) and a second microstructure ¬ phase (27) made of a plastic
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die zweite Gefügephase (27) aus Kunststoff in der that the second structural phase (27) made of plastic in the
Schicht als zusammenhängendes Netzwerk ausgebildet ist. Layer is formed as a coherent network.
7. Bauteil nach Anspruch 6, 7. Component according to claim 6,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , characterized ,
dass die erste metallische Gefügephase (26) als zusammenhän- gende Matrix ausgebildet ist, wobei die Matrix und das Netz¬ werk einander durchdringen. that the first metallic structural phase (26) is formed as a constricting coherences matrix, wherein the matrix and the network ¬ factory penetrate each other.
8. Verwendung eines Bauteils nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7 als Lagerbauteil eines Gleitlagers. 8. Use of a component according to one of claims 6 or 7 as a bearing component of a sliding bearing.
9. Verwendung eines Bauteils nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7 als Strömungsbauteil, insbesondere als Rotorblatt von Wind¬ kraftanlagen oder als Karosserieteil von Verkehrsmitteln. 9. Use of a component according to one of claims 6 or 7 as a flow component, in particular as a rotor blade of wind power ¬ plants or as a body part of transport.
10. Verwendung eines Bauteils nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7 als Verkleidungsbauteil insbesondere von Bauwerken. 10. Use of a component according to one of claims 6 or 7 as a cladding component in particular of buildings.
EP11723024.3A 2010-05-31 2011-05-20 Method for cold gas spraying a layer comprising a metallic and a polymeric structural phase Not-in-force EP2576862B1 (en)

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DE102006021260A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-15 Siemens Ag Component of e.g. gas turbine, includes hard- and soft-magnetic nanoparticles used to determine local temperature through Curie effect
DE102006047101B4 (en) * 2006-09-28 2010-04-01 Siemens Ag Method for feeding particles of a layer material into a cold gas spraying process
DE102007046386B3 (en) 2007-09-21 2008-10-02 Siemens Ag Method for repairing a component, especially a turbine or compressor blades, having damages in a region close to the surface comprises applying a coating material in the form of particles by cold gas spraying in an excess concentration
EP2229241B1 (en) * 2007-12-04 2019-06-05 Oerlikon Metco (US) Inc. Multi-layer anti-corrosive coating
US20090256010A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Honeywell International Inc. Cold gas-dynamic spray nozzle
DE102008023569A1 (en) 2008-05-02 2009-11-05 Itn Nanovation Ag Protective coating resisting corrosive attack by aggressive flue gases in power stations and incinerators, contains oxidizing agent, catalyst and additives in polymeric matrix
DE102010022593A1 (en) 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process for the cold gas spraying of a layer with a metallic structural phase and a plastic structural phase, component with such a layer and uses of this component
AT511434B1 (en) 2012-01-16 2012-12-15 Miba Gleitlager Gmbh BEARINGS

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DE102010022593A1 (en) 2011-12-01
CN102918181A (en) 2013-02-06
US20130078450A1 (en) 2013-03-28
CN102918181B (en) 2015-05-27
EP2576862B1 (en) 2017-11-15
WO2011151205A1 (en) 2011-12-08
US9610605B2 (en) 2017-04-04

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