EP2576196A2

EP2576196A2 - Manually actuatable toggle press having a large working stroke

Info

Publication number: EP2576196A2
Application number: EP11727796.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ingo Stahl
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-05-31
Filing date: 2011-05-31
Publication date: 2013-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2031-05-31
Also published as: DE102010017157A1; WO2011151790A3; PL2576196T3; WO2011151790A2; EP2576196B1; CN203427337U

Abstract

The invention relates to a manually actuatable toggle press, comprising a stand (1), a press ram (2) and an actuating lever (4) which can be pivoted about an axis (3) and by which the press ram (2) can be brought into an upper (5) and a lower (6) dead center position, which is characterized in that the actuating lever (4), on the stand side, comprises a carrier element (7), which can be articulated to the stand (1) by means of at least one toggle lever (8; 18) and to the press ram (2) by means of at least one further toggle lever (9; 19) such that several different stroke lengths (H) of the press ram (2) as well as different force ratios can be adjusted.

Description

Hand-operated toggle press with a large working stroke

Technical area

The invention relates to a hand-operated toggle press with a stand, a press ram and a pivotable about an axis actuating lever, with which the press ram can be brought into an upper and a lower position, in particular an upper and a lower dead center.

State of the art

Knee lever presses known to use - similar to the human knee - an effect in which the force introduced in the area of an almost outstretched knee considerably strengthened while doing the movements in the previous kinked state with a lower force and thus are carried out at a relatively high speed can, that is it is at the end of a working stroke, the greatest force, where it is usually needed. The respective drive a toggle press can be done electromechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or by hand, usually via a lever arm. In contrast, hand-operated so-called rack and pinion presses are known with which a constant force curve over the entire stroke, so here in the lower position, especially in the dead center of the respective press ram, the applied force from the outside over a

Lever must be increased if this is necessary for a particular operation.

The dead center positions are the respective achievable end positions of the

Press ram understood a toggle press. At bottom dead center, the maximum force can be transferred from the lever to the press ram.

Furthermore, so-called toggle lever presses are known, their respective

Working height is adjustable, that is, the toggle mechanism is height adjustable on a stand on a carriage-like guide, so that the distance between the free end of the plunger and the bottom of the lever press can be increased, but the working stroke of the press ram remains unchanged.

Object of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a toggle press, in which at least a greater stroke length can be achieved compared to conventional toggle presses.

Solution of the task

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. In particular, this is achieved in a simple manner that the

Actuator lever acts on a support element which, via at least one toggle lever with the stand of the press and at least one further toggle lever with the press ram is articulated so that thereby a much greater stroke length compared to the prior art can be achieved.

Advantages of the invention

One of the main advantages of the invention is that, in comparison to the prior art with almost the same lever movement, a much larger stroke of the press ram can be achieved. Due to the arrangement of toggle levers on a support element (here a disc-like or lever-like training, which is coupled to the lever arm) can by different

Positioning of the one end of the toggle lever on the support element and by the design of a larger working stroke can be achieved.

According to the invention, it is expedient to the toggle lever-like (hereinafter linear) form, attached with its one end portion on the stand or on the press ram via a stationary joint and with its other end portion on the support element in several

different joint positions are articulated to this, which allows a quick and easy conversion. Linear is understood to mean an elongated, preferably flat element, on the free ends of which elements are provided for pivotally or fixedly fixing.

For this purpose, it is advantageous if in one embodiment, several different joint positions on the support member for the knee lever serve as joint connection points, wherein it is possible, starting from the axis of the actuating lever, the joint positions of the support member radially at equal or different distances from each other on the support element to arrange. For this embodiment, the carrier element is preferably formed like a disk.

The carrier element itself is coupled to the actuating lever. The bearing of the support member is provided on a rotation axis, wherein these on a Lever is arranged, which is pivotable. The pivoting can counteract a spring force.

A change in the stroke lengths and thus the respective balance of power is thereby advantageously possible by connecting the at least one of the toggle lever with respect to their position to the respective joint positions on

Carrier element changed, that is, radially offset to the outside or inside. This means in the case of "inside" a shortening of the stroke length but at the same time an increase in the power available for a working stroke. Conversely, in the case of "outside" it means an extension of the stroke length and at the same time a reduction in the power available for a working stroke.

It is also expedient to form the respective toggle levers as linear arms and to arrange so that they extend in the bottom dead center of the press ram in their respective longitudinal extent in alignment and their respective joint point on the support member to the stand out above and to the press ram out below the axis the actuating lever is located.

But it is also possible to form the respective toggle lever according to the shape of a kind of drawer handle (seen in plan view), which then run in the top dead center of the press ram in their respective longitudinal extent parallel to each other and their respective joint point on the support element with respect to the stand below and with respect to the press ram above the axis of the actuating lever, whereby a better transmission of forces is given. One speaks in this embodiment of a press of a so-called "extrusion press"

Toggle presses are usually press-in presses, which means that the highest force on the last path of the press (toggle straight) is achieved. In the press with these toggle levers in the design of a "drawer handle" has its highest power at the beginning of the press stroke, then the power decreases with the stroke first moment is usually a breakaway force necessary. During the Auspressvorgangs the required force decreases, since the friction surfaces between the pressed-out part (for example, pin-like) are getting shorter and the component is finally completely squeezed out. A breakout force can not be applied with the conventional press because it travels too much at the beginning of the operation.

The invention described above and below is suitable both for manual operation, for example via a lever arm, or can with a

be coupled electrical or pneumatic drive.

Further details and advantages of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings with three exemplary embodiments and explained.

drawings

Show it:

Fig. 1 a shows a first embodiment of a simplified

Section of a hand-operated toggle press, the actuating lever is shown in a top dead center and the toggle lever are formed linearly;

Fig. 1 b shows a detail of the toggle press according to FIG 1 a, but in which the actuating lever occupies a central position.

Fig. 1 c shows a detail of the toggle press according to FIG 1 a, but in which the actuating lever is shown in a bottom dead center. a section of a second embodiment of a simplified illustrated toggle press according to Figures 1 a - 1 c, but with modified toggle levers. a section of the toggle press according to FIG. 2a, however, in which the actuating lever occupies a central position and a section of the toggle press according to FIG. 2a, but in which the operating lever is shown in a bottom dead center position; a representation of a third embodiment of a section of a toggle press with a

Operating lever in initial position; an exploded view of the third embodiment shown in Fig. 3a.

Description of the embodiments

In Fig. 1, a first embodiment of a toggle press is shown. The sections of a hand-operated toggle press shown in simplified form in FIGS. 1 a-1 c have a C-shaped upright 1, a press ram 2, which is guided vertically in the upright 1 and has an actuating lever 4 pivotable about an axis 3 arranged on a pivotally mounted but not visible lever. The operating lever 4 is located in Fig. 1 a in a top dead center position 5, whereas in FIG. 1 c of this in a lower

Dead center 6 is shown. These dead center positions are defined by the fact that the press ram 2 can move maximally between these two positions. The mounting lever 4 has at its stator-side end a support member 7 in the form of a round disc, which is connected via a linear toggle lever 8 on the one hand to the stator 1 and another linear toggle lever 9 on the other hand with the press ram 2 articulated, preferably pivotally. The toggle lever 8 is fixed at one end via a hinge 1 0 with the

Stand 1 pivotally connected. The further end of the toggle lever 8 is pivotally coupled via a joint connection point 1 2. The further knee lever 9 is advantageously arranged point-symmetrical to the axis 3. This results in that the toggle lever 9 with its one end via a hinge 1 1 pivotally coupled to the press ram 2 and with its other end pivotally connected via a hinge connection point 1 3 on the support member 7.

As in particular in Fig. 1 b in the middle position shown there

Operating lever 4 can be seen, the support member 7 has more

Anlenkungspunkte for the free end of the toggle lever 8, 9. These are visible due to the pivoting in the direction of α. The other joint connection points are identified by the reference numerals 1 5 and 1 6. The positions of the articulation points 1 5 - 1 6, which are arranged radially (direction R) starting from the axis 3 of the actuating lever 4 outwards at equal intervals, wherein the distances may also be uneven and the

Joint connection points 1 2 - 1 3 and 1 5-1 6 are only examples of their number. Furthermore, the articulation points seen from their radial arrangement can also deviate therefrom. Embodiments are also provided which do not permit a different arrangement of the toggle levers 8, 9, so that previously defined balance of power is predetermined.

From Fig. 1 c is again seen that the arrangement of the linear toggle lever 8 and 9 is provided such that it in the bottom dead center 6 of the

Press ram 2 are arranged in their respective longitudinal alignment axially parallel to this and the respective articulation point 1 2 on the

Carrier element 7 to the stator 1 out above and the joint connection point 1 3 to the press ram 2 out below the axis 3 of the operating lever 4 is located. As a result, an extremely long stroke length H (as shown in FIG. 1 a) can now be achieved. By pressing down the actuating lever 4, the carrier element 7 is rotated and moves in the stroke direction until the position shown in Fig. 1 c is reached.

If the position of the actuating lever 4 shown in FIG. 1 c is reached, it can be pivoted back again in the direction of the arrow α shown in FIG. 1 c. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 represents a toggle press, which is designed as a press-in press. The toggle press shown in Fig. 2 is preferably to use from press-out. In press-in presses, the highest force is achieved on the last path towards the bottom dead center, in particular when the operating lever has exceeded the horizontal position when pressed down.

In the toggle press shown below and shown in FIG. 2, the highest force is already provided at the beginning of the press stroke. This means that the force decreases with pivoting of the operating lever. Exactly this behavior is advantageous in Auspressvorgängen. In the first moment is usually a breakout force or breakout force apply. In the course of the

Auspressvorgangs can the required force, since the friction surfaces between the pressed-out part are getting shorter and the component is finally completely squeezed out. Such a breakout force can not be applied with a toggle press as shown in Fig. 1, as it performs too much way at the beginning of the operation.

2, a second embodiment of a toggle press is shown. The cutouts shown in simplified form in FIGS. 2a-2c coincide in FIG

Generally with those in Figs. 1 a -1 c, which is why the same parts bear the same reference numerals. Only here are the second embodiment, the toggle - referred to with 1 8 or 1 9 - executed bent, that is, they have the form of a kind of drawer handle (seen in plan view). The sections of a shown in simplified form in FIGS. 2a-2c

manually operable toggle press has a C-shaped stand 1, a press ram 2, which is guided vertically in the stand 1 and a pivotable about an axis 3 actuating lever 4. The axis 3 is arranged on a pivoting lever, not shown, so that the support member with the Pivoting movement of the operating lever 4 moves. The actuating lever 4 is located in Fig. 2a in a top dead center position 5, whereas in Fig. 2c, this is shown in a lower layer 6 ^' . These layers are defined by the fact that the press ram 2 can move maximally between these two positions.

The fastening lever 4 has at its stator-side end a support element 7 in the form of a round disc, which on the one hand with the stand 1 and a further linear toggle lever 1 9 9 9 th on a first toggle lever

on the other hand articulated with the press ram 2, preferably pivotally connected. The first toggle lever 1 8 is pivotally connected at one end via a hinge 22 to the stator 1. The further end of the toggle lever 1 8 is coupled via a joint connection point 20 pivotally connected to the carrier element 7. The further toggle lever 1 9 is advantageously arranged point-symmetrical to the axis 3. This results in that the toggle lever 1 9 pivotally connected at one end via a hinge 23 to the press ram 2 and with its other end pivotally connected via a

Joint connection point 21 is coupled to the support member 7. Due to the special design of the toggle lever 1 8, 1 9, the largest possible force can be applied in the position shown in Fig. 2a.

As in particular in Fig. 2b in the middle position shown there

Operating lever 4 can be seen, the support member 7 has more Anlenkungspunkte for the free end of the toggle lever 1 8, 1 9. These are visible due to the pivoting in the direction of α. The other articulation points are identified by reference numerals 24 and 25. The

Articulation points 24 - 25, which are radially from the axis 3 of the

Operating lever 4 are arranged starting outwards at equal intervals, the distances may also be uneven and the

Joint connection points 20-21 and 24-25 are only exemplary in number. Furthermore, the positions of these articulation points can also differ from their radial arrangement. There are too

Embodiments provided that do not allow an alternative arrangement of the toggle lever 1 8, 1 9, so that previously defined balance of power are predetermined.

From Fig. 2c is again seen that the arrangement of the toggle lever 1 8 and 1 9 is provided such that they are not arranged in the lower layer 6 ^'of the press ram 2 in their respective longitudinal alignment axially parallel to this and therefore the respective joint connection point 20 and 21 not parallel to

Press rams 2 lie on one axis. This could in itself the

Actuating lever 4 can be further pivoted. By pressing down the operating lever 4, the support member 7 is rotated and moves in the stroke direction until the position shown in Fig. 2c is reached.

Is the position shown in Fig. 2c of the actuating lever 4 is reached, it can be pivoted back again in the direction of the arrow α shown in Fig. 2c.

In Fig. 3, a third embodiment of a toggle press is shown. The sections of a hand-operated toggle press shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b have a C-shaped upright 1, a press ram 2, which is guided vertically in the upright 1 and can be pivoted about an axis 3

Operating lever 4. The operating lever 4 is located in Fig. 3a and 3b in any position. The actuating lever 4 has at its stator-side end a support element

7 in the form of a lever and is rotatably connected thereto. In the embodiment shown here, the support member 7 is formed like a double lever and includes at its two ends a toggle lever 8 and at its other end a toggle lever 9, which are preferably also pivotally connected to each other.

The toggle lever 8 is connected at one end fixed but pivotally connected to the C-shaped stand via a hinge 1 0. The further end of the toggle lever

8 is coupled via an articulation point 1 2 with the support element 7.

The other toggle lever 9 is connected via a not shown in detail in the drawing joint with the press ram 2, wherein the other end of the other toggle lever 9 pivotally connected via an articulation point 1 3 with the

Carrier element 7 is coupled. The axis 3 of the actuating lever 4, as shown in particular in Fig. 3b, is pivotally mounted about an axis 20. Preferably, a spring 21 is provided which presses the actuating lever in a corresponding starting position, wherein upon actuation of the actuating lever 4 in the direction of arrow a, the spring force must be overcome.

The press ram 2 itself is guided in a guide element 22, which forms a C-shaped stand 1 with the remaining part. Due to the arrangement of the support member 7 and the associated toggle levers 8 and 9, it is possible to significantly increase the stroke length of the press ram 2 due to a movement of the operating lever 4 in the direction α.

The greater force is generated when the operating lever 4 has reached a position in which the hinge points 1 2 and 1 3 axially in the direction of

Press ram 2 are arranged. Also in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a and 3b may be provided, the toggle 8, 9 design differently, for example in the manner as proposed in Fig. 2a, 2b and 2c.

With the inventive toggle press, it is advantageously possible, the

Stroke length or the working stroke and thereby change the flow of forces for the press ram 2 in a simple manner to thereby adapt the toggle press to the particular requirements of a production can, as the applied forces and the creation of working space. In addition, there is the choice - preferably depending on the design of the toggle - to make this toggle press as a press-out press or press-in press.

At an angular deflection of the actuating lever 4 - denoted by α -, from the top to the bottom dead center 5 -> 6 of, for example, 105 ° and vice versa, according to the following Table 1, the following conditions exist, for example, the joint connection points 1 3 and 1 5 considered in Fig. 1 b and as radius (R) at 1 5 assumes a value of 20 mm and at 1 3 a value of 25 mm:

Table 1 :

R1 5 = 20 mm: α = 1 05> 68 mm stroke> Force 1 2 kN

R1 3 = 25 mm: α = 1 05 °> 85 mm stroke> Force 1 0 kN

Rx = 30 mm: α = 1 05 °> 1 00 mm stroke> force 8.5 kN

Ry = 35 mm: α 1 05 °> 1 20 mm stroke> force 7.0 kN

In comparison with a conventional hand-operated rack and pinion press of about the same size with an angular deflection of 21 8 ° and at a stroke of 80 mm, however, you only get a pressing force of 2.5 - 4 kN.

This means that the inventive hand-operated toggle press by their adjustable stroke lengths in a simple manner each in one

Production required pressing forces, be it for pressing or pressing, can be adjusted without much effort, and indeed by the toggle used 8, 9 or 1 8, 1 9 are used or attached to the respective joint points. Because, as Table 1 shows, the pressing force increases with the reduction of the stroke and vice versa, this decreases the greater the stroke length is selected.

Even if the toggle lever are not adjustably arranged on the carrier element 7, a substantially larger stroke H can be achieved in comparison with the prior art due to the joint arrangement via the carrier element.

The invention is not limited to hand-operated toggle presses. Rather, all the usual drive techniques that support or execute the pivoting movements, conceivable.

Claims

1. Manually operated toggle press with a stand (1), a

Press ram (2) and a pivotable about an axis (3)

Operating lever (4), with which the press ram (2) in an upper (5) and a lower (6) dead center position can be brought, characterized in that the toggle levers (8, 9, 18, 19) are arranged such that the one Knee lever (8; 18) with its one end portion via a fixed joint (10; 22) on the stand (1) and the other toggle lever (9; 19) with its one

The knee levers (8, 9, 18, 19) each with their end portions facing away therefrom on the carrier element (7) on at least one

Joint connection point (12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 24, 25) are articulated.

2. toggle press according to claim 1, characterized in that the

several different joint positions on the support element (7) for the toggle lever (8, 9, 18, 19) as joint connection points (12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 24, 25) are used.

3. toggle press according to claim 2, characterized in that starting from the axis (3) of the actuating lever (4) the joint positions of the joint connection points (12, 13, 15, 16; 20, 21, 24, 25) of

Carrier element (7) are arranged radially in the same or different distances from each other.

4. toggle press according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the change of the stroke lengths (H) and thus the respective balance of power by a radial change in the connection of the toggle lever (8, 9, 1 8, 1 9) with respect to their location to the respective joint positions of the joint connection points (1 2, 1 3, 1 5, 1 6; 20, 21, 24, 25) takes place.

5. toggle press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the respective toggle levers (8, 9) are formed as a linear arm.

6. toggle press according to claim 5, characterized in that the

Knee lever (8, 9) in the bottom dead center (6) of the press ram (2) in their respective longitudinal extent are arranged axially parallel to this and their respective joint point (1 2, 1 3) on the support element (7) to the stand (1) out above (1 2) and the press ram (2) towards below (1 3) of the axis (3) of the actuating lever (4).

7. toggle press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the respective toggle levers (1 8, 1 9) have the form of a kind of drawer handle.

8. toggle press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the carrier element (7) is designed as a round disc.

9. toggle press according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the carrier element is at least one lever-like, rod-shaped element, at the free ends at least the

Joint connection points (1 2, 1 3) are arranged.

0. toggle press according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis (3 (non-rotatably with the

Operating lever 4 is connected, wherein the axis (3) with a

Pivoting lever (20) is coupled, one end of which is coupled to the stator 1 and the other end to the carrier element (7). 1 . Knee lever press according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one end of the press ram (2) is pivotally coupled to the further toggle lever (9) via a joint (1 1). 2. toggle press according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier element (7) consists of two mutually arranged linear arms, wherein between the linear arms pivotally the respective knee lever (8, 9) on the

Joint connection points (1 2, 1 3) are arranged.