EP2570503A2 - Procédé et dispositif de chauffage d'une platine préenduite en acier - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de chauffage d'une platine préenduite en acier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2570503A2
EP2570503A2 EP12181212A EP12181212A EP2570503A2 EP 2570503 A2 EP2570503 A2 EP 2570503A2 EP 12181212 A EP12181212 A EP 12181212A EP 12181212 A EP12181212 A EP 12181212A EP 2570503 A2 EP2570503 A2 EP 2570503A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
air
drying
supply line
temperature
Prior art date
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Application number
EP12181212A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2570503B1 (fr
EP2570503A3 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Steins
Matthias Rode
Markus Pellmann
Karsten Bake
Dr. Christian Hielscher
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2241/00—Treatments in a special environment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for heating a precoated steel plate for the production of a thermoformed component according to the features in the preamble of claim 1 and a device for heating a precoated steel plate for the production of a thermoformed component according to the features in the preamble of claim. 7 ,
  • thermoformed components is based on the plastic deformation of mostly flat semi-finished products. Compared to the cold forming at room temperature, the previous heating, in particular of metallic semi-finished products, contributes to the fact that they do not receive any undesirable solidification with reduced toughness in the forming area. In addition, the overall warming facilitates the targeted change in shape of the semi-finished, as by the reduced in the heated state strengths of the material used any shear or separation fractures are largely prevented.
  • steel blanks form the basis for the manufacture of bodywork or structural components.
  • high-strength components which have a very favorable ratio of strength to weight.
  • Their mechanical resistance can be increased in a known manner by the material is cured by heating and subsequent rapid cooling.
  • the causative change in position of the carbon atoms in the metal lattice begins when the austenitizing temperature is reached, with the subsequent cooling resulting in a martensitic hardening structure and thus significantly increasing the strength of the formed component.
  • the cooling rate required for this depends on the particular alloy used.
  • the heated board is placed in a molding tool, in which it is formed and cured by cooling.
  • a controlled atmosphere for example under nitrogen.
  • the heating can also take place in ambient air, provided that the board receives a suitable coating before being heated.
  • From the EP 1 013 785 B1 is a method for heating a precoated board made of steel, wherein the coating of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, for example, of aluminum and silicon.
  • the board provided with the coating is first heated in an oven, whereby at least partially an intermetallic alloy layer is formed on the board.
  • the alloy layer is thereby formed between the surface of the board and the coating arranged thereon.
  • the heating takes place at a temperature between 750 ° C and 1200 ° C, wherein the atmosphere in the interior of the furnace due to the oxidation barrier formed by the coating requires no control. Subsequent cooling of the thermoformed component increases its mechanical hardness properties.
  • the corrosion and decarburization of the steel prevented by the coating and in particular by the intermetallic alloy formed prevents the formation of scale, which leads to rapid wear of the shaping tools.
  • the intermetallic alloy forms a lubricating function, especially at high temperatures, which facilitates the forming.
  • the passive corrosion inhibiting property of oxides on the surface of metals is known.
  • the access of atmospheric oxygen during heating is desired.
  • the nitrogen naturally contained in ambient air together with the coating formed of aluminum or of an alloy of aluminum and silicon forms extremely hard deposits which adhere to the forming tool.
  • appropriate tool cleaning is required.
  • the hard deposits require a grinding of the forming tool areas, which significantly increases their wear. Due to the heated furnace atmosphere, the oxygen content contained therein is at least partially reduced, whereby the formation of the desired oxide layer on the coating is at least limited. Thus, the adhesion of the coating to the mold counteracting oxide layer can not fully form, which contributes to the additional formation of deposits.
  • the incompletely developed and thus partially releasing aluminum oxide layer leads to increased dust formation, which leads to increased wear due to abrasion, in particular in the guided and / or stored components of the forming tool. Consequently, for example, the guides of slides and brakes of the forming tool also subject to increased wear. Due to the uncontrolled atmosphere within the furnace this has a corresponding proportion of water in the form of water vapor, which results from the exchange with the ambient air. The splitting of the water by the thermal load within the furnace leads to an increased proportion of hydrogen, which undesirably promotes any hydrogen embrittlement of the steel.
  • the advantageous from an economic point of view small openings of the furnace for its loading and the removal cause that only a small proportion of atmospheric oxygen enters the furnace, which also the formation of the advantageous oxide layer is limited to the coating.
  • the invention is, starting from the prior art, the object of the invention to improve a method and apparatus for heating a precoated steel plate to form an alloy layer for the production of thermoformed bodywork and structural components to the effect that the wear of the thermoforming tool by deposits and abrasion reduced and sufficient oxidation of the coating is simultaneously made possible with reduced risk of hydrogen embrittlement economically.
  • the solution of the objective part of the object consists of the invention in a device for heating a precoated steel plate for the production of a thermoformed component according to the features of claim. 7
  • thermoformed component in particular for the production of a thermoformed body or structural component, first shown, wherein the provided with a coating board is heated in an oven. As a result of the heating, an intermetallic alloy layer is formed on the board at least in some areas.
  • the atmosphere within the furnace is controlled by the supply of pretreated air, the air being pretreated by drying before being fed.
  • the particular advantage consists in the reduction of the proportion of dissolved water in the form of water vapor within the furnace atmosphere. Since less splittable water is thus present in the atmosphere of the furnace, consequently, the elimination of hydrogen is also reduced.
  • the proportion of hydrogen in the furnace atmosphere of any hydrogen embrittlement of the steel plate is reduced by penetrating into the material hydrogen.
  • the supply of dried ambient air increases the proportion of oxygen within the furnace atmosphere, thereby improving the desired formation of the oxide layer on the coating.
  • the thus well-formed oxide layer reduces the adhesion of the coating on the forming areas of the forming tool. Furthermore, the delamination and the resulting dust formation is reduced by the well-formed oxide layer, so that the associated abrasion of moving and stored parts of the forming tool is reduced.
  • the coating is preferably an aluminum coating, in particular an aluminum-silicon coating.
  • the precoated board can be heated to a temperature between room temperature (20 ° C) and 1200 ° C, in particular 700 ° C, whereupon the forming thereof is carried out.
  • the precoated board is heated to a temperature of 700 ° C to 950 ° C, in particular to a Austenitmaschinestemperatur AC3, and cured after their transformation in the forming tool by cooling. Even if the cooling can take place outside the forming tool, the cooling is preferably carried out within the forming tool.
  • the board is made of a steel alloy with a carbon content of 0.15 wt .-% to 2.0 wt .-%.
  • a steel alloy which has the following proportions of its alloying partners in terms of percent by weight, is suitable for the board: Carbon (C): 0.18 wt% to 0.30 wt% Silicon (Si): 0.10 wt% to 0.70 wt% Manganese (Mn): 1.00% by weight to 2.50% by weight Chrome (Cr): 0.10 wt% to 0.80 wt% Molybdenum (Mo): 0.10 wt% to 0.50 wt% Titanium (Ti): From 0.02% to 0.05% by weight Boron (B): 0.002 wt% to 0.005 wt% Aluminum (Al): 0.01% by weight to 0.06% by weight Sulfur (S): maximum 0.01% by weight Phosphorus (P): maximum 0.025% by weight Rest: Iron, inc
  • the board has, for example, the following proportions of its alloying partners: Carbon (C): 0.19% by weight to 0.25% by weight Silicon (Si): 0.15% by weight to 0.50% by weight Manganese (Mn): 1.10% by weight to 1.40% by weight Phosphorus (P): maximum 0.025% by weight Sulfur (S): maximum 0.015% by weight Chrome (Cr): maximum 0.35% by weight Molybdenum (Mo): maximum 0.35% by weight Titanium (Ti): From 0.02% to 0.05% by weight Boron (B): 0.002 wt% to 0.005 wt% Aluminum (Al): 0.02 wt.% To 0.06 wt.% Rest: Iron, incl. Impurities caused by melting
  • the dried air can be supplied to the furnace under pressure.
  • the desired overpressure By setting the desired overpressure, the desired amount of pretreated air, especially dried air, which is fed to the furnace can be controlled.
  • the pressure of the dried air, when fed into the furnace can be adjusted to a value between the atmospheric pressure and 8 bar inclusive.
  • the pressure of the dried air to be supplied to the furnace is adjusted to a value between the atmospheric pressure and 6 bar inclusive.
  • the network pressure existing in a known manner of existing compressed air lines can be used without any compressed air higher compression in order to realize the desired feed into the furnace.
  • any existing infrastructure can also be reduced, resulting in low operating costs as a result. This would, for example, any existing nitrogen treatment and a corresponding filtration superfluous.
  • the dew point can be set to a value of - 70 ° C to + 10 ° C.
  • the dew point of the dried air is adjusted to a value between -70 ° C and + 5 ° C.
  • the value for the dew point of the dried air can in particular be set to a value of -30 ° C to ⁇ 0 ° C. Basically, a good economy is achieved at a value for the dew point of the dried air of at least -10 ° C.
  • the preferred range for the value of the dew point of the dried air between -40 ° C and -10 ° C a good quality in accordance with justified costs for the associated effort is achieved in principle.
  • the value for the dew point of the dried air can be adjusted in particular to a value of -70 ° C. to -40 ° C., which is associated with correspondingly high expenditure and associated costs.
  • the dew point itself gives the value for the temperature at which the moisture dissolved in the air as water vapor precipitates as condensate.
  • the ability of air to absorb water in the form of water vapor depends on its overall temperature. Thus, in particular in the summer months with a correspondingly high air temperature, their absorption capacity for moisture is increased. In other words, warm air is able to absorb more moisture, whereas cold air may contain less moisture. Thus, with 100% saturation of the air with steam in warm air, more water is contained than in cold air.
  • the air to be supplied to the oven is heated after drying. If necessary and depending on the design, the air can also be heated during its drying. In principle, the air can also be heated before it is dried.
  • the air is heated to a temperature of 100 ° C to 950 ° C.
  • the air can be heated to a temperature of 100 ° C to 700 ° C.
  • the heating of the air to a temperature of 100 ° C to 500 ° C.
  • the furnace atmosphere in the region of the supply of air to the surrounding air within the furnace lower temperature, whereby the heating of the board can delay unfavorably.
  • the energy of the exhaust air, in particular the exhaust gas of the furnace is used, which is withdrawn for example via a suitable heat exchanger and the supplied air is supplied in the form of heat.
  • the configuration may, for example, be such that the exhaust air line, in particular the exhaust air line of at least one burner of the furnace has a heat-transmitting coupling with the supply line for the pretreated air.
  • the supply line of the pretreated air can be peripherally in contact with the exhaust air line, for example, in which the supply line is arranged around the exhaust air duct around or parallel to this. This allows the heat of the exhaust air over the respective walls of the lines in contact with each other are at least partially transmitted to the air to be supplied.
  • the supply line for the pretreated air for example, at least partially disposed within an exhaust duct of at least one burner of the furnace.
  • the invention provides that the introduced during the heating of the board in the oven and this passing volume flow of the dried, in particular dried and heated air is set to 2.5 times the furnace volume per hour.
  • the air introduced into and passing through the oven is pressurized with respect to the desired volumetric flow rate.
  • the furnace used can be, for example, a chamber furnace and a rotary kiln or a roller hearth furnace.
  • a continuous furnace is preferably used.
  • the pressing tool can be continuously equipped with heated steel blanks.
  • an inserted in the continuous furnace board passes through this by means of a transport unit, for example in the form of transport rollers, wherein the board is heated in the furnace atmosphere and maintained at temperature.
  • the volume flow of the dried air introduced into the oven and passing through it during the heating of the board is adjusted in particular to 3 times the furnace volume per hour.
  • the volume flow passing through the oven is adjusted to 6 times the oven volume per hour.
  • the distribution of nitrogen at 78% by volume and oxygen at 21% by volume corresponds to the content of normal ambient air.
  • the proportion of oxygen in the dried air can be increased, for example, by the supply of pure oxygen. Since the content of oxygen in the furnace atmosphere is reduced for example by the formation of the oxide layer and any combustion processes, even the supply of dried air leads to an increase in the oxygen content.
  • the supply of dried air also reduces the proportion of nitrogen which is increased within the furnace atmosphere.
  • the invention relates to a method for heating a precoated steel plate to form an alloy layer for the production of thermoformed body and structural component, which reduces the wear of the thermoforming tool by deposits and abrasion and allows sufficient oxidation of the coating with reduced risk of hydrogen embrittlement economically.
  • the use of mostly existing compressed air in this case represents a very cost-effective way to control the furnace atmosphere.
  • the sole drying causes the supplied compressed air to the furnace the described advantages, which in particular lead to the formation of a sufficient oxide layer, which in turn any deposits in prevented or at least significantly reduced the shaping areas of the forming tool.
  • the risk of hydrogen embrittlement is significantly reduced, which is due to the reduced proportion of water in the form of water vapor within the supplied air.
  • the well-formed oxide layer on the coating reduces their detachment, whereupon the possible formation of dust and the associated signs of wear of the forming tool are minimized.
  • a device for heating a precoated steel plate for the production of a thermoformed component is shown.
  • the components to be manufactured are in particular thermoformed bodywork or structural components.
  • the device comprises a furnace and at least one supply line, which is connected to a heatable interior of the furnace.
  • the feed line is arranged between a drying arrangement and the interior of the furnace.
  • the reduced by drying proportion of water in the form of water vapor within the furnace atmosphere reduces the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of the steel plate.
  • the furnace atmosphere is enriched in terms of its oxygen content with oxygen from the pretreated ambient air, which is otherwise reduced within the furnace atmosphere, in particular by the high temperatures.
  • the drying arrangement is connected to an air compressor.
  • the air compressed by the air compressor in a thus controllable amount is hineinleitbar through the dry assembly through the supply line into the interior of the furnace.
  • the air compressor is used to a determinable volume of dried air in Shape of a flow in the interior of the furnace to conduct.
  • the required amount of proportions of the dried air, in particular oxygen regulated.
  • the drying arrangement has at least two drying containers, through which the air to be passed into the oven flows.
  • the air to be passed into the oven flows.
  • the exchangeable flow through the two drying containers causes the non-traversed drying container can be dried with respect to the moisture collected therein, for example by heating.
  • this can be continuously provided for feeding into the oven.
  • the invention provides that the supply line is arranged at least in a central region of the interior of the furnace.
  • this design includes two openings, one opening of the feed of the continuous furnace and the other opening of the removal of the heated semi-finished serve. In the vicinity of the two openings, an exchange of ambient air with the furnace atmosphere is possible. As a result, the proportion of oxygen in the interior of the furnace is increased in the region of the openings relative to the furnace section located between the openings.
  • a virtually constant proportion of oxygen in the interior of the furnace can be achieved. The resulting positive effects on the formation of the oxide layer on the coating thus come into play over the entire run length of the furnace.
  • the furnace may have at least one exhaust duct, via which any exhaust gases of at least one burner can be diverted.
  • the exhaust duct is preferably arranged outside the interior of the furnace.
  • the exhaust air line is at least partially in communication with the supply line for the air.
  • the exhaust duct is at least partially with thermally coupled to the supply line.
  • the thermal coupling can be done for example via a heat exchanger.
  • the supply line may be at least partially integrated in an exhaust duct.
  • the structural separation within the heat exchanger no exchange of the respective fluids.
  • a suitable temperature in particular a heating of the supplied air is possible without additional energy.
  • the supplied air can be heated to 100 ° C.
  • the heating of the air before, during or after their drying can take place.
  • the exhaust air to be supplied to a temperature of 100 ° C to 950 ° C, preferably heated to a temperature of 100 ° C to 700 ° C, in particular to a temperature of 100 ° C to 500 ° C.
  • the supplied air can also be heated to a temperature of 100 ° C to 200 ° C.
  • the furnace is preferably a continuous furnace in which at least two supply lines arranged between the drying arrangement and the interior of the furnace are provided.
  • the distance between the at least two supply lines basically depends on the length of the continuous furnace.
  • a distance of the feed lines of 2.0 m to 3.0 m from each other is preferred in the context of the invention.
  • more supply lines can be arranged, which are arranged closer together, for example, with a correspondingly smaller cross-section.
  • the aim is to obtain the most uniform possible supply of dried air in the interior of the furnace.
  • a constant possible composition of the air more closely the furnace atmosphere, in the foreground.
  • the invention provides that the furnace has at least one Has dew point sensor.
  • the dew point sensor can be arranged, for example, within a supply line.
  • the at least one dew point sensor is arranged in the interior of the furnace to detect the real composition of the furnace atmosphere with respect to its dew point.
  • the dew point sensor is coupled to the drying arrangement.
  • the coupling serves to control, in particular the exchange of information between dew point sensor and dry arrangement.
  • the detected measured quantity by the dew point sensor serves to regulate the drying effect of the drying arrangement with respect to the air flowing through it.
  • the dew point sensor can transmit measured values to the drying arrangement at certain intervals, the drying effect of which is set by means of suitable control, for example.
  • the measurement of the dew point sensor can also be carried out continuously, so that the dry arrangement also undergoes a continuous adjustment of its efficiency.
  • the dew point sensor may be, for example, a humidity sensor or a humidity sensor.
  • the nominal dew point of the furnace atmosphere is thus regulated by the combination of dew point sensor and dry arrangement.
  • the dry arrangement may be, for example, a refrigeration dryer or an IR dryer.
  • the drying arrangement is preferably an adsorption dryer. This may for example comprise a desiccant of activated alumina, which has a continuously high adsorption capacity and a good regeneration capacity.
  • the drying arrangement can be time-controlled, it is advantageously capacity-controlled in order to enable the required regulation of the desired dew point.
  • the control of the degree of dryness can take place over all phases of the drying cycle, such as the adsorption, the pressure relief and the regeneration of the desiccant and the pressure build-up.
  • the furnace has at least two temperature zones.
  • the temperature zones can be arranged in the direction of passage of the furnace and / or transversely to the direction of passage of the furnace.
  • temperature zones arranged in the direction of travel can also be supplemented by temperature zones arranged transversely to the passage direction.
  • the mutually different temperature zones serve to enable a partial thermoforming of the steel plate, if necessary.
  • targeted individual areas of the board are brought to the required temperature in order to adjust the required properties of the material in the subsequent thermoforming, in particular by press hardening.
  • the individual temperature zones can be set, for example, by locally independent and different temperature settings. Furthermore, the individual temperature zones can be set and regulated in an advantageous manner, at least in regions, by the supply line of the pretreated air. Of course, a combination of temperature control and air supply is possible. In particular, the supply of the pretreated air allows a feasible within a very short time adaptation of local temperature conditions, since the temperature is usually below the temperature of the furnace atmosphere. Depending on the configuration, the regulation of individual temperature zones can thus be effected by the individual and, for example, increased local supply of pretreated air.
  • the supply of the pretreated air can be designed such that it has the longest possible path, for example by an alternating installation, in the region of the exhaust air, in particular the exhaust duct of the burner.
  • Hierdruch takes place a heat transfer from the exhaust air, more precisely the exhaust gas, to the supply line and thus to the air guided therein, whereupon it heats up.
  • an undesired heat loss of the furnace atmosphere, in particular an undesirable cooling in the supply lines to the interior of the furnace can be at least partially compensated. In other words, this is done by the desired heating of the pretreated air before it is passed into the interior of the furnace.
  • At least one of the temperature zones is adjustable with respect to their temperature via the supply line of the air.
  • the temperature zone is arranged in the region of the feed line, so that the temperature zone can be set at least in regions by the supply of the air.
  • the volume of the temperature zone whose respective temperature is adjustable both on the amount and on the temperature of the air to be supplied.
  • the invention thus provides a device for heating a precoated steel plate to form an alloy layer for the production of thermoformed body and structural components, which significantly reduces the wear of the thermoforming tool by any deposits and abrasion.
  • the controlled supply of atmospheric oxygen allows sufficient oxidation of the coating, which reduces the adhesive effect of deposits on the forming areas of the forming tool.
  • the risk of hydrogen embrittlement is reduced by the reduced proportion of water in the form of water vapor in the furnace atmosphere.
  • thermoforming tool As well as the resulting dust from the dusting reduce the overall maintenance effort.
  • rejects of ceramic rolls as part of the transport device are also reduced in continuous furnaces because the tendency for deposition due to the well-formed oxide layer on the coating is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a longitudinally extending furnace 1 in the form of a continuous furnace.
  • the furnace 1 has at its end in each case an opening, wherein with reference to the illustration of FIG. 1 right opening an entrance 2 and the input 2 opposite opening form an outlet 3 of the furnace 1.
  • a forming tool 4 is arranged in the area of the outlet 3 of the furnace 1.
  • the forming tool 4 comprises an upper die 4a and a lower die 4b, between which a precoated board 5 is deformable.
  • the forming tool 4 is located between the upper die 4a and the lower die 4b forming area 4c, within which the reshaping board 5 can be inserted.
  • a manipulator 6 is arranged in the form of a robot arm.
  • the furnace 1 is used to heat the precoated board 5 made of steel, which is first introduced via the input 2 in the furnace 1 and this passes in the direction of the output 3.
  • the coated board 5 is heated in a manner not shown to an austenitizing temperature of 700 ° C to 950 ° C. Due to the heating of the board 5 forms between the coating of the board and the surface of the board from an intermetallic alloy layer. Due to the oxygen present in the furnace atmosphere, the oxidation of the coating takes place, which thus forms an oxide layer on its surface.
  • the coating is preferably aluminum, in particular an aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • the upper die 4a and / or the lower die 4b have cooling means (not shown).
  • integrated cooling lines can be provided which can be flowed through by a cooling fluid in order to absorb and remove the heat present in the upper die 4a and / or the lower die 4b.
  • FIG. 2 shows the oven 1 the FIG. 1 with more details.
  • a drying arrangement 7 is arranged with at least one drying container, not shown.
  • the drying arrangement 7 is arranged via a central supply line 8 with others at a distance A from each other Supply lines 8a connected to an interior 1a of the furnace 1.
  • the furnace 1 has a plurality of dew point sensors 9, which are connected via cables 10 to a controller 11.
  • the controller 11 is composed of a measuring module 11a and a default module 11b and a control module 11c. In principle, the connection between dew point sensor 9 and control 11 can also be wireless.
  • the distance A is dependent on the burners used and not shown in detail, in particular their performance and the corresponding burner tube thickness. In the present case, the distance A is preferably from 0.5 m to 2.5 m. The distance A may result, for example, from three times the particular burner tube thickness used. For example, with the use of 50 kW burners with a respective burner tube thickness of 50 cm, a distance A of 1.5 m could result.
  • a controller 12 is arranged, via which the the interior 1a of the furnace 1 to be supplied amount of dried over the drying assembly 7 air is adjustable.
  • the control module 11 c of the controller 11 is also connected via a cable 13 to the controller 12.
  • the drying assembly 7 is connected via a cable 14 to the control module 11c of the controller 11.
  • the connection of the controller 12 and / or the drying arrangement 7 with the controller 11 can also be wireless.
  • the communication of the controller 12 and / or the drying arrangement 7 with the controller 11 can take place via a suitable BUS system.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a furnace 1 b, which extends from the furnace 1 of Figures 1 and 2 differs in terms of the supply of pretreated air in its interior 1 c.
  • the supply lines 8b are arranged alternately and / or spirally around a hot exhaust duct 15 of a burner, not shown.
  • the supply lines 8b act as heat exchangers, so that the pretreated air in the region of the exhaust air line 15 is heated within the supply lines 8b, before it is introduced into the inner space 1c.
  • the already existing heat can be used to preheat the pretreated air without the use of additional energy to the desired temperature.
  • the dew point sensors 9 serve to detect the current dew point of the furnace atmosphere contained in the interior 1a, 1c of the furnace 1, 1b.
  • the detected values are transmitted via the cable 10 to the measuring module 11 a of the controller 11.
  • the desired value stored in the control 11 in the default module 11b is compared with the actual values transmitted to the measuring module 11a and measured by the dew point sensors 9 as a controlled variable. If an adjustment is necessary, the controller 12 is controlled via the cable 13 and / or the drying assembly 7 as actuators via the cable 14 by the control module 11c of the controller 11 to the volume flow of dried air into the interior 1a, 1c and / or to adjust the drying capacity of the drying assembly 7.
  • the drying assembly 7 is connected either to a compressed air network not shown here or with an air compressor also not shown. In this way, the drying assembly 7 is charged with a pressure above atmospheric pressure with ambient air, which is dried over the drying assembly 7 and through the leads 8, 8a, 8b in the interior 1 a, 1 c of the furnace 1, 1 b supplied.
  • the pretreated compressed air thus supplied escapes via at least one of the openings of the furnace 1, more specifically the inlet 2 and / or the outlet 3.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP12181212.7A 2011-09-15 2012-08-21 Procédé et dispositif de chauffage d'une platine préenduite en acier Not-in-force EP2570503B1 (fr)

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DE102011053634A DE102011053634B3 (de) 2011-09-15 2011-09-15 Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung einer vorbeschichteten Platine aus Stahl

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EP2796570A1 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de régulation d'une température de point de rosée d'un four de traitement thermique
WO2022218831A1 (fr) * 2021-04-16 2022-10-20 Aerospace Transmission Technologies GmbH Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques

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DE102015016656A1 (de) 2015-12-19 2017-06-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines beschichteten, durch Warmumformung gehärteten Körpers sowie ein nach dem Verfahren hergestellter Körper
DE102016102504A1 (de) * 2016-02-08 2017-08-10 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Aluminiumbasierte Beschichtung für Stahlbleche oder Stahlbänder und Verfahren zur Herstellung hierzu
JP6072952B1 (ja) 2016-03-01 2017-02-01 日新製鋼株式会社 黒色めっき鋼板を製造する方法、黒色めっき鋼板を製造する装置および黒色めっき鋼板を製造するシステム
WO2018115914A1 (fr) * 2016-12-19 2018-06-28 Arcelormittal Procédé de fabrication de pièces en acier aluminié formées par pressage à chaud
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US11149327B2 (en) 2019-05-24 2021-10-19 voestalpine Automotive Components Cartersville Inc. Method and device for heating a steel blank for hardening purposes
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CN112877590A (zh) 2019-11-29 2021-06-01 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种性能优异的带涂层热成形部件及其制造方法
CN113953346A (zh) * 2021-09-29 2022-01-21 首钢集团有限公司 铝硅系合金镀层涂覆的热冲压用钢板及其制备方法和应用

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EP2796570A1 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-29 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de régulation d'une température de point de rosée d'un four de traitement thermique
WO2014173494A1 (fr) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-30 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de réglage du point de rosée d'un four de traitement thermique
WO2022218831A1 (fr) * 2021-04-16 2022-10-20 Aerospace Transmission Technologies GmbH Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques

Also Published As

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US9194034B2 (en) 2015-11-24
US20130068350A1 (en) 2013-03-21
DE102011053634B3 (de) 2013-03-21
EP2570503B1 (fr) 2017-06-21
EP2570503A3 (fr) 2014-12-10

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