EP2569484B1 - Core paper - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- EP2569484B1 EP2569484B1 EP11722752.0A EP11722752A EP2569484B1 EP 2569484 B1 EP2569484 B1 EP 2569484B1 EP 11722752 A EP11722752 A EP 11722752A EP 2569484 B1 EP2569484 B1 EP 2569484B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- core paper
- core
- pulp
- kraft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 132
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyurethane- Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000294754 Macroptilium atropurpureum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940068965 polysorbates Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009500 colour coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical class OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002352 blister Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011101 paper laminate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- HANVTCGOAROXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;urea Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 HANVTCGOAROXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007652 sheet-forming process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
- D21H27/22—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to core paper, in particular core paper as used for the production of decorative paper laminates.
- the invention relates to a method for producing the core paper and the use of the core paper as a carrier material for and / or on layer structure (s) such as plates of any kind.
- Core paper is well known in the art and is most commonly used as a backing for decorative papers to make laminates that are often used, for example, in the form of laminate and countertops, floor coverings, etc.
- the structure of such a laminate consists of several layer-connected layers, which consist of the same or different materials to fulfill special functions and properties.
- core paper is used as one of these layers.
- the bonding of these layers is usually carried out by pretreatment of the individual layers, such as, for example, previous impregnation impregnation and subsequent compression of the layers in the stack under pressure and temperature.
- Core paper known in the art is made from virgin fiber stock as a raw material which meets the demanding conditions of the required strength, impregnation and paper properties.
- the present object is achieved by the fiber-containing and, if appropriate, wastepaper-containing core paper according to the invention.
- the core paper according to the invention consists at least of a proportion of a recycled pulp mixture and a wet strength agent as the first additive.
- the core paper according to the invention is characterized by the addition of a surfactant active substance as a second Additive in the production, to increase the capillarity.
- the addition amount of the second additive is in the range of 0.05% to 2% of the commercial product in terms of the atro substance.
- a carrier paper as used for example in the lamination of decorative papers.
- this paper from recycled, so-called recycled fibers, at least one surface-active substance is used in addition to conventional wet strength agents.
- laminating means in accordance with the latent word stem "lamina” meaning "layer”, all types of combination of different material layers.
- carrier material refers to material layers to which or under which one (or more) further layer (s) can be laminated. Laminates are often referred to as layered composites.
- recycled fiber means all types of fibrous materials which are reprocessed for the production of paper, paperboard and cardboard, in particular of core paper, and are used in the production of paper, paperboard and cardboard, in particular of core paper.
- these types of waste paper are determined in accordance with CEN European Standard EN 643.
- wet strength agents are to be understood as meaning all additives which increase the strength of paper, paperboard, cardboard and core paper, inter alia, when wet. Besides the mechanical entanglements of the fibers forming in the sheet forming process and the formation of hydrogen bonds, which are responsible for the strength of the paper, wet strength agents inter alia connect the fibers at the points of contact and intersection. If the paper becomes wet or wet, thereby losing the hydrogen bonds and, hence, the strength, the wet strength agent will retain some of the strength in the wet state of the paper. The wet strength is determined, for example, by the tensile load of a wet paper strip in a tensile testing machine, which leads with constant feed to the break of the wet paper strip.
- wet strength agents in all applications in which paper is wet or very wet, such as in the hygiene or decorative paper sector.
- the wet strength for the process step is the Impregnating resin impregnation, in which the paper web is passed through a liquid bath, a basic requirement.
- Many wet strength agents or wet strength agents must condense in the paper structure and polymerize. This takes place only partially in the dryer section of a paper machine. To complete the training of wet strength usually a maturing or maturing time is necessary.
- surface-active substance means all types of substances which reduce the surface or interfacial tension between two phases.
- An interface means the area between two immiscible phases.
- the phase boundaries can be characterized by interfacial or surface tension, which describes the tendency to reduce the interface.
- surface-active substances are also referred to as wetting agents, detergents (surfactants, soaps) or emulsifiers. Such substances are characterized by their polar structure in that they prefer to attach to interfaces of a disperse system.
- surfactant refers to all such materials, the term “surfactant” is limited to substances that attach to the "surface” of a liquid at the gas phase boundary, eg, at the surface of water, e.g. can lead to the formation of foam.
- capillarity an effect which occurs due to the surface tension of liquids, preferably in cavities, is referred to.
- the effect of capillarity is based on the molecular forces that occur within a substance (cohesive forces) and at the interface between a liquid, a solid body (vessel wall) and a gas (eg air) (adhesion forces).
- the capillarity is based, among other things, on the suction effect of sponges, wicks, rags, fabrics and paper. The larger the inner surface area (per volume), the greater the suction effect.
- the impregnating properties of the core paper according to the invention and the capillarity designated in accordance with the present invention are influenced or characterized by absorbency, height of rise, liquid absorption capacity, wetting, contact angle, surface tension.
- Atro is understood absolutely dry. Atro is often referred to as otro (oven-dry). This designation is the standard for measuring the dry content of paper and pulp. The determination is carried out, for example, in accordance with the standard: BS EN ISO 638 Paper, board and pulp - Determination of dry content - Heating cabinet method. Conventionally, metered quantities of additives are calculated on the dry substance.
- the proportion of recycled pulp mixture is greater than 25%, moreover between greater than 40 and 100%, preferably between 50 and 95%, particularly preferably between 70 and 90%, preferably in the range of 75%, particularly preferably above 80%, more preferably over 95% and in particular up to 100% and in particular the pulp is selected from a group which includes, for example kraft pulp and / or kraft liners in particular from corrugated board and cardboard department waste with at least 70% corrugated cardboard and cardboard residues and / or or packaging papers, used corrugated cardboard boxes, chips of unused corrugated board with layers of kraft or testliner, used corrugated board with kraftliner and / or corrugated pulp and / or thermo-chemical pulp, used corrugated board with layers of test or kraftliner and at least one layer Kraftliner, used pressure made of Kraft pulp wet-tear resistant or not wet-crack resistant, unused kraft pulp bags wet-tear resistant or not wet-crack resistant, used paper
- the percentage of recycled pulp in the total pulp is given as a percentage.
- Components of the total pulp may also include so-called fresh pulp as well as artificial pulps.
- fresh fiber materials which are obtained by means of chemical and / or mechanical pulping methods, in contrast to recycled pulps usually have higher strengths, but are also more expensive.
- Static strength is the force that a paper can withstand under slow and even tension.
- the static strength parameters include, for example, breaking strength, breaking length, elongation at break, expansion modulus.
- Dynamic strength is the force that a paper can withstand under rapid and / or uneven stress conditions.
- the dynamic strength parameters include, for example, specific tear propagation resistance, bursting strength, double fold number (buckling strength). Examples of general paper properties are paper smoothness, porosity, roughness, air permeability, formation, stiffness, flatness and opacity.
- the properties of the core paper according to the invention can also be influenced with the respective proportions of recycled pulp.
- the respective required proportions of the total pulp are assembled.
- Recycled pulp may also be referred to as waste paper.
- CEN European Standard EN 643 lists waste paper grades in different classes. For the present invention in particular waste paper grades from class II are of importance.
- the wet strength agent is selected as the first additive from a group which in particular comprises compounds of epichlorohydrin resins, urea melamine-formaldehyde resins, Phenolic resins, acrylic resin dispersions, synthetic resin dispersions based on acrylic esters and / or styrene-butadiene, polyurethane, polyolefin dispersions, polyamidoamine resins, polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins, combinations thereof, and the like.
- the surface-active substance is selected as the second additive from a group which has compounds which accumulate strongly, in particular at interfaces. According to their functional chemical groups, the additives are distinguished into bifunctional, anionic, nonionic and cationic compounds.
- the characteristic feature of all surface-active substances is their polar structure, usually due to at least one lipophilic hydrocarbon radical and at least one hydrophilic functional group, whereby they prefer to attach to interfaces of a disperse system.
- surfactants such as surfactants are: amphiphilic (bifunctional) compounds having at least one hydrophobic moiety and one hydrophilic moiety wherein a hydrocarbon chain has eight to twenty-two carbon atoms, (dimethyl) siloxane chains, perfluorinated hydrocarbon chains.
- anionic surfactants are, in particular, soaps, linear alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, fatty alkyl polyethylene glycol ether sulfates, fatty alkyl sulfates.
- nonionic surfactants are in particular fatty alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid condensates, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers (EO / PO), alkylphenol ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan mono- (di-, tri) laurate, oleate, palmitate, stearate, polysorbates, sorbitan sesquioleates, alkyl polyglucosides, N-methylglucamides, alkylphenol polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty alcohols, oxo alcohols, Ziegler alcohols, alkylphenols and ethylene oxide.
- cationic surfactants are, in particular, quaternary ammonium compounds with hydrophobic groups, salts of long-chain primary amines.
- amphoteric surfactants are in particular betaines, amino acid surfactants, N- (acylamidoalkyl) betaines, propylene oxide.
- surface-active substances are polyelectrolytes, emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents, wetting agents and polysaccharides, in particular sorbitol.
- the stock suspension may contain further additives which are added as so-called chemical auxiliaries or additives in the papermaking process in order to achieve certain properties, effects and process conditions or else are already contained in a recycled form in the recycled pulp or waste paper.
- retention agents may in particular retention agents, drainage aids, retention agent dual systems or microparticle systems, wet and dry strength, fillers and or pigments, in particular selected from a group of talc, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, kaolin, gypsum, binder components, coating components Defoamers, deaerators, biocides, enzymes, bleaching aids, optical brighteners, dyes, shading dyes, Störstoffflinder, precipitating (fixing), wetting agents, pH regulators combinations thereof and the like.
- interactions can also result in undesired effects, as a result of which the additives then negatively influence the process processes as so-called "contaminants”.
- the surface-active active substance is in particular in a proportion by weight of 0.1% to 3%, preferably from 0.5% to 1.25%, more preferably from 0.1% to 1.5% or 0.5% to 1%, more preferably in the range of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2% and preferably of 1%, 1.5% or 2% based on atro added.
- the dosing range of the surfactant active substance shown here was determined from test series and represents an optimized range of effectiveness for achieving the optimum paper properties, in particular for increasing the capillarity.
- Core paper can be prepared as follows: In a so-called stock preparation process, an aqueous pulp suspension is provided.
- the pulp suspension preferably has undergone a sorting process involving, in particular, a 2-stage pressure sorting and a 3-stage cleaner process, the print sorting preferably using slot sorters having in particular slot widths between 0.2 to 0.3 mm and preferably 0.25 mm. Further process steps may be dispersion stages and / or ash removal processes.
- a wet strength agent and a surface-active substance, a so-called surfactant are metered into this fiber suspension.
- the aqueous pulp suspension is referred to as the addition of all raw materials / additives and shortly before the paper machine as so-called finished material.
- finished material With the paper machine process steps dewatering / sheet formation, pressing, drying, possibly smoothing and reeling, the base core paper is produced. After the eventually necessary post-ripening period, in which the final wet strength is achieved, the core paper is ready for the process step of the impregnation.
- the core paper web is passed through a dipping bath and impregnated with a resin.
- the passivation of carbonates which are introduced inter alia by the use of waste paper in the core paper, this protected so that at pH shifts as possible a release of CO 2 is prevented.
- carbonate can be passivated by the addition of small amounts of phosphoric acid.
- suitable buffer systems may be added to the pulp to avoid a pH shift.
- another aspect of the invention comprises the addition of hydrophobing agent in order to be able to influence and adjust in particular the penetration behavior of the core paper in a targeted manner by the addition of two counteracting auxiliaries, ie in particular between surfactants and water repellents.
- hydrophobing agent leads to the reduction of the wetting speed and in particular can dampen the abrupt wetting behavior possibly caused by the addition of the surfactant.
- the present invention also encompasses the use of the core paper as a material component in composites, in particular composite laminates, in particular compact laminates (in some cases up to 10 mm thick), fiber composites, particle composites and interpenetration composite materials.
- the present invention also encompasses the use of the core paper as a carrier material for sheet-like layered structure, in particular of overlays, decor papers, films and nonwoven materials and / or as cover layer, in particular as overlay and prepreg paper and / or as carrier material on carrier plates, in particular of wood-based panels, such as chipboard, Oriented Strandboard (OSB) panels, high and medium density fiberboard, plywood panels, plastic-based mineral-bonded wood-based panels, solid wood panels, countertops, floor coverings and, preferably, for the manufacture of fiber composite materials, such as natural fiber reinforced plastics, wood-plastic composites and fiber-ceramic Connected; and / or in return, in particular as Regeneratpapier for coating backs such as in particular in laminates, surface-coated plates, such as wood-based panels, panels, combinations thereof, and the like.
- the core paper according to the invention covers the use as carrier material for all conceivable layer structures.
- the main advantage of the core paper of the present invention is that at least a portion of recycled pulp is used, allowing savings in raw material costs, increasing recycling rates, and promoting the sustainable use of renewable resources.
- core paper in the basis weight range of 40 to 400 g / m 2 , preferably in the range 140 to 300 g / m 2 , more preferably between 150 to 250 g / m 2 , most preferably above 150 g / m 2 , conventional, kraftliner fresh fiber, in particular kraft pulp used.
- the virgin fiber pulp comes from an upstream pulp production, so that no drying steps of the pulp are interposed, which in particular no hornification of the pulp takes place.
- the hornification of the pulp has an influence on the surface properties of the fibers and can have a negative effect on the strength properties and the capillarity or absorbency of the finished core paper.
- Lignin-containing fibers in contrast to lignin-free fibers due to the water-repellent, hydrophobic surface properties of the lignocellulosic fibers have a reduced absorbency.
- the production of the core paper according to the invention from up to 100% reprocessed pulp takes place.
- recycled pulp For example, according to a preferred embodiment, predominantly waste paper grades of unbleached native pulps were used.
- the core paper sheet having a basis weight between 40 to 400 g / m 2 on the paper machine, for example a single layer on a Fourdrinier with attached Obersiebent camess für, in particular a hybrid former and / or downstream dandy roll.
- the quality criterion of the test series for the process steps in production was the positive influence on the capillarity of the core paper.
- Table 1 is a comparison of the comparison parameters of the core paper.
- the paper parameters suction height, longitudinal force (dry), longitudinal force (wet) and air permeability are compared in the prior art (100% virgin fiber / 0% waste paper), 100% waste paper and the core paper according to the invention.
- the suction height and air permeability are at the level of the prior art, the breaking force along (dry) is reduced by half, and the breaking force along (wet) is improved by 20% over the prior art.
- Table 1 Comparison of the comparison parameters of the core paper. Parameter: Paper type (composition of matter) State of the art (100% fresh fiber / 0% waste paper 100% waste paper Inventive core paper Suction 100% 40% 100% Breaking force along dry 100% 70% 50% Breaking force along wet 100% 50% 120% Air permeability 100% 20% 100%
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Kernpapier, insbesondere Kernpapier wie es zur Herstellung von Dekorpapierlaminaten verwendet wird. Zusätzlich betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Kernpapiers und die Verwendung des Kernpapiers als Trägermaterial für und / oder auf Schichtgefüge(n) wie beispielsweise auf Platten jeglicher Art.The present invention relates to core paper, in particular core paper as used for the production of decorative paper laminates. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing the core paper and the use of the core paper as a carrier material for and / or on layer structure (s) such as plates of any kind.
Kernpapier ist im Stand der Technik bekannt und wird meist als Träger für Dekorpapiere verwendet, um Laminate herzustellen, die beispielsweise oftmals Anwendung in Form von Schichtstoff- und Arbeitsplatten, Fußbodenbelägen, etc. finden.Core paper is well known in the art and is most commonly used as a backing for decorative papers to make laminates that are often used, for example, in the form of laminate and countertops, floor coverings, etc.
Der Aufbau eines solchen Laminates besteht aus mehreren, flächig miteinander verbundenen Schichten, welche aus gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Materialien zur Erfüllung spezieller Funktionen und Eigenschaften bestehen. Bei der Herstellung von Dekorpapierlaminaten wird als eine dieser Schichten beispielsweise Kernpapier verwendet. Die Verklebung dieser Schichten erfolgt meist durch Vorbehandlung der Einzellagen, wie beispielsweise vorheriger Tränkimprägnierung und anschließender Verpressung der Schichten im Stapel unter Druck und Temperatur.The structure of such a laminate consists of several layer-connected layers, which consist of the same or different materials to fulfill special functions and properties. For example, in the production of decorative paper laminates, core paper is used as one of these layers. The bonding of these layers is usually carried out by pretreatment of the individual layers, such as, for example, previous impregnation impregnation and subsequent compression of the layers in the stack under pressure and temperature.
Im Stand der Technik bekanntes Kernpapier wird aus Frischfaserstoff als Rohstoff hergestellt, welcher die anspruchsvollen Bedingungen an die geforderten Festigkeiten, Imprägnier- und Papiereigenschaften erfüllt.Core paper known in the art is made from virgin fiber stock as a raw material which meets the demanding conditions of the required strength, impregnation and paper properties.
Nachteil des Einsatzes von Frischfaserstoff sind neben dem Verbrauch natürlicher Resourcen u.a. auch die hohen Rohstoffkosten. Wiederaufbereitete Faserstoffe hingegen, wie beispielsweise recyceltes Altpapier genügen oftmals nicht den geforderten Bedingungen an Festigkeiten, Imprägnierverhalten und Papiereigenschaften.Disadvantage of the use of fresh fiber material in addition to the consumption of natural resources u.a. also the high raw material costs. In contrast, reprocessed fibrous materials, such as recycled waste paper, often do not meet the required conditions for strength, impregnation behavior and paper properties.
Der enorme Kostendruck in der heutigen Papierindustrie führt zur ständigen Produktionsoptimierung und der Nachfrage hinsichtlich Einsparungen an Rohstoff- und Transportkosten. Dies bedingt den Trend hin zu niedrigen Flächengewichten, bei der Forderung nach gleich bleibenden Qualitätsparametern wie beispielsweise gleich bleibenden Festigkeiten, d.h. bei geringeren Flächengewichten steigen die Festigkeitsanforderungen dementsprechend an.The enormous cost pressure in today's paper industry leads to continuous production optimization and demand for savings in raw material and transport costs. This causes the trend towards low basis weights, in the demand for consistent quality parameters such as, for example, consistent strengths, i. at lower basis weights, the strength requirements increase accordingly.
Bei den herkömmlichen Imprägnierverfahren, wie beispielsweise der Tauchimprägnierung mit Tränkharzen wird die gesamte Papierbahn durch diese Flüssigkeit geführt. Damit es bei diesem Verfahren zu keinem Abriss der Papierbahn in der Produktion oder anderen Produktionsstörungen kommt, ist eine bestimmte Nassfestigkeit der Kempapierbahn Grundvoraussetzung. Diese Nassfestigkeit wird meist mit der Zudosierung chemischer Additive, sog. Nassverfestiger erreicht, wobei diese optimal auf die Chemie im System abgestimmt sein sollten.In conventional impregnation methods, such as dip impregnation with impregnating resins, the entire paper web is passed through this liquid. In order to prevent the paper web from being torn off during production or other production disruptions, a certain wet strength of the Kempapierbahn is a basic prerequisite. This wet strength is usually achieved with the addition of chemical additives, so-called. Wet strength, which should be optimally adapted to the chemistry in the system.
Im Stand der Technik wie in der
Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Particularly preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die vorliegende Aufgabe wird durch das erfindungsgemäße faserstoffhaltige und ggf. altpapierhaltige Kernpapier gelöst. Das erfindungsgemäße Kernpapier besteht wenigstens aus einem Anteil eines wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffgemisches und einem Nassverfestiger als erstes Additiv. Gekennzeichnet ist das erfindungsgemäße Kernpapier durch die Zugabe einer grenzflächenaktiven Wirksubstanz als zweites Additiv bei der Herstellung, zur Erhöhung der Kapillarität. Die Zugabemenge des zweiten Additivs liegt im Bereich von 0,05% bis 2% Handelsware bezogen auf den atro Stoff.The present object is achieved by the fiber-containing and, if appropriate, wastepaper-containing core paper according to the invention. The core paper according to the invention consists at least of a proportion of a recycled pulp mixture and a wet strength agent as the first additive. The core paper according to the invention is characterized by the addition of a surfactant active substance as a second Additive in the production, to increase the capillarity. The addition amount of the second additive is in the range of 0.05% to 2% of the commercial product in terms of the atro substance.
Unter dem erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapier wird entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Trägerpapier verstanden, wie es beispielsweise beim Laminieren von Dekorpapieren zum Einsatz kommt. Bei der Herstellung dieses Papieres aus wiederaufbereiteten, sog. recyceltem Faserstoffen kommt neben herkömmlichen Nassverfestigern zusätzlich wenigstens eine grenzflächenaktive Substanz zum Einsatz.Under the core paper according to the invention is understood according to the present invention, a carrier paper, as used for example in the lamination of decorative papers. In the production of this paper from recycled, so-called recycled fibers, at least one surface-active substance is used in addition to conventional wet strength agents.
Unter laminierbar im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden entsprechend dem lat. Wortstamm "Lamina" in der Bedeutung als "Schicht", alle Arten der Vereinigung verschiedener Werkstoffschichten verstanden. Der Begriff Trägermaterial bezieht sich auf Werkstoffschichten, auf welche oder unter weiche eine (oder mehrere) weitere Schicht(en) laminiert werden kann / können. Laminate werden häufig auch als Schichtverbundwerkstoffe bezeichnet.For the purposes of the present invention, laminating means, in accordance with the latent word stem "lamina" meaning "layer", all types of combination of different material layers. The term carrier material refers to material layers to which or under which one (or more) further layer (s) can be laminated. Laminates are often referred to as layered composites.
Unter wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoff im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden alle Arten von Faserstoffen verstanden, welche zur Produktion von Papier, Pappe und Karton insbesondere von Kernpapier wiederaufbereitet und bei der Herstellung von Papier, Pappe und Karton insbesondere von Kernpapier eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere sind diese Altpapiersorten gemäß dem CEN European Standard EN 643 bestimmt.For the purposes of the present invention, recycled fiber means all types of fibrous materials which are reprocessed for the production of paper, paperboard and cardboard, in particular of core paper, and are used in the production of paper, paperboard and cardboard, in particular of core paper. In particular, these types of waste paper are determined in accordance with CEN European Standard EN 643.
Unter Nassverfestiger im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden alle Additive verstanden, welche die Festigkeiten von Papier, Pappe, Karton und Kernpapier u.a. im nassen Zustand erhöhen. Neben den beim Blattbildungsprozess sich ausbildenden mechanischen Verflechtungen der Fasern und der Ausbildung von Wasserstoffbrücken, weiche für die Festigkeit des Papiers verantwortlich sind, verbinden Nassfestmittel u.a. die Fasern an den Berührungs- und Kreuzungspunkten. Wird das Papier nun feucht oder nass, wodurch die Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen und hiermit auch die Festigkeit verloren geht, hält das Nassfestmittel einen Teil der Festigkeit im nassen Zustand des Papiers. Bestimmt wird die Nassfestigkeit beispielsweise über die Zugbelastung eines nassen Papierstreifens in einer Zugprüfmaschine, die mit konstantem Vorschub bis zum Bruch des nassen Papierstreifens führt. Notwendig ist der Einsatz von Nassfestmitteln in allen Einsatzbereichen, in denen Papier nass oder sehr feucht wird, wie beispielsweise im Hygiene- oder Dekorpapierbereich. Im Dekorpapierbereich ist die Nassfestigkeit für den Verfahrensschritt der Tränkharzimprägnierung, bei dem die Papierbahn durch ein Flüssigkeitsbad geführt wird, eine Grundvoraussetzung. Viele Nassverfestiger bzw. Nassfestmittel müssen im Papiergefüge auskondensieren und polymerisieren. Dies findet nur zum Teil in der Trockenpartie einer Papiermaschine statt. Zur vollständigen Ausbildung der Nassfestigkeit ist meist eine Nach- oder Ausreifezeit notwendig.For the purposes of the present invention, wet strength agents are to be understood as meaning all additives which increase the strength of paper, paperboard, cardboard and core paper, inter alia, when wet. Besides the mechanical entanglements of the fibers forming in the sheet forming process and the formation of hydrogen bonds, which are responsible for the strength of the paper, wet strength agents inter alia connect the fibers at the points of contact and intersection. If the paper becomes wet or wet, thereby losing the hydrogen bonds and, hence, the strength, the wet strength agent will retain some of the strength in the wet state of the paper. The wet strength is determined, for example, by the tensile load of a wet paper strip in a tensile testing machine, which leads with constant feed to the break of the wet paper strip. Necessary is the use of wet strength agents in all applications in which paper is wet or very wet, such as in the hygiene or decorative paper sector. In the decor paper sector, the wet strength for the process step is the Impregnating resin impregnation, in which the paper web is passed through a liquid bath, a basic requirement. Many wet strength agents or wet strength agents must condense in the paper structure and polymerize. This takes place only partially in the dryer section of a paper machine. To complete the training of wet strength usually a maturing or maturing time is necessary.
Unter grenzflächenaktiver Substanz im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden alle Arten von Substanzen verstanden, welche die Oberflächen- bzw. die Grenzflächenspannung zwischen zwei Phasen herabsetzen. Unter einer Grenzfläche versteht man die Fläche zwischen zwei nicht mischbaren Phasen. Von einer Oberfläche dagegen spricht man, wenn eine der Phasen ein Gas, wie beispielsweise Luft ist. Die Phasengrenzen können durch Grenzflächen- oder Oberflächenspannung charakterisiert werden, die das Bestreben beschreibt, die Grenzfläche zu verkleinern. Je nach ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung und Anwendung werden grenzflächenaktive Substanzen auch als Netzmittel, Detergenzien (Tenside, Seife) oder Emulgatoren bezeichnet. Derartige Stoffe zeichnen sich durch ihre polare Struktur dadurch aus, dass sie sich bevorzugt an Grenzflächen eines dispersen Systems anlagern. Während "grenzflächenaktive Substanz" alle derartigen Stoffe bezeichnet, beschränkt sich der Begriff "oberflächenaktive Substanz" auf Stoffe, die sich an die "Oberfläche" einer Flüssigkeit an der Grenze zur Gasphase anlagern, also beispielsweise an der Oberfläche von Wasser, was z.B. zur Bildung von Schaum führen kann.For the purposes of the present invention, surface-active substance means all types of substances which reduce the surface or interfacial tension between two phases. An interface means the area between two immiscible phases. On the other hand, one speaks of a surface when one of the phases is a gas, such as air. The phase boundaries can be characterized by interfacial or surface tension, which describes the tendency to reduce the interface. Depending on their chemical composition and application, surface-active substances are also referred to as wetting agents, detergents (surfactants, soaps) or emulsifiers. Such substances are characterized by their polar structure in that they prefer to attach to interfaces of a disperse system. While "surfactant" refers to all such materials, the term "surfactant" is limited to substances that attach to the "surface" of a liquid at the gas phase boundary, eg, at the surface of water, e.g. can lead to the formation of foam.
Als Kapillarität wird gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Effekt, der in Folge der Oberflächenspannung von Flüssigkeiten vorzugsweise in Hohlräumen auftritt, bezeichnet. Grundsätzlich beruht der Effekt der Kapillarität auf den Molekülkräften, die innerhalb eines Stoffes (Kohäsionskräfte) und an der Grenzfläche zwischen einer Flüssigkeit, einem festen Körper (Gefäßwand) und einem Gas (z.B. Luft) auftreten (Adhäsionskräfte). Auf der Kappilarität beruht u.a. die Saugwirkung von Schwämmen, Dochten, Putzlappen, Stoffen und Papier. Je größer die innere Oberfläche (pro Volumen), desto größer ist die Saugwirkung. Die Imprägniereigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers und die entsprechend der vorliegenden Erfindung bezeichneten Kapillarität werden über Saugverhalten, Steighöhe, Flüssigkeitsaufnahmevermögen, Benetzung, Randwinkel, Oberflächenspannung beeinflusst bzw. charakterisiert.As capillarity, according to the present invention, an effect which occurs due to the surface tension of liquids, preferably in cavities, is referred to. Basically, the effect of capillarity is based on the molecular forces that occur within a substance (cohesive forces) and at the interface between a liquid, a solid body (vessel wall) and a gas (eg air) (adhesion forces). The capillarity is based, among other things, on the suction effect of sponges, wicks, rags, fabrics and paper. The larger the inner surface area (per volume), the greater the suction effect. The impregnating properties of the core paper according to the invention and the capillarity designated in accordance with the present invention are influenced or characterized by absorbency, height of rise, liquid absorption capacity, wetting, contact angle, surface tension.
Unter atro wird absolut trocken verstanden. Atro wird häufig auch als otro (ofentrocken) bezeichnet. Diese Bezeichnung ist der Massstab für die Messung des Trockengehalts von Papier und Zellstoff. Die Bestimmung erfolgt beispielsweise nach der Norm: BS EN ISO 638 Papier, Pappe und Faserstoff - Bestimmung des Trockengehaltes - Wärmeschrankverfahren. Herkömmlicherweise werden Dosiermengen von Additiven auf den trockenen Stoff berechnet.Under atro is understood absolutely dry. Atro is often referred to as otro (oven-dry). This designation is the standard for measuring the dry content of paper and pulp. The determination is carried out, for example, in accordance with the standard: BS EN ISO 638 Paper, board and pulp - Determination of dry content - Heating cabinet method. Conventionally, metered quantities of additives are calculated on the dry substance.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers ist der Anteil wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffgemisches größer 25%, des weiteren zwischen größer 40 und 100%, vorzugsweise zwischen 50 und 95%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 70 und 90%, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 75%, besonders bevorzugt über 80%, ganz besonders bevorzugt über 95% und insbesondere bis zu 100% und insbesondere ist der Faserstoff aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt, welche beispielsweise Kraftzellstoff und/ oder Kraftliner insbesondere von Kaufhausabfällen aus Wellpappen und Karton mit mindestens 70% Wellpappen und Resten von Festkarton und/ oder Verpackungspapieren, gebrauchten Wellkartonschachteln, Schnitzeln aus ungebrauchter Wellpappe mit Schichten aus Kraft- oder Testliner, gebrauchte Wellpappen mit Kraftliner und/ oder Wellenstoff auf Zellstoff und/ oder Thermo-Chemical Pulp, gebrauchte Wellpappen mit Schichten aus Test- oder Kraftliner und mindestens einer Schicht aus Kraftliner, gebrauchten Säcken aus Kraftzellstoff nassreißfest oder nicht nassreißfest ausgerüstet, ungebrauchten Säcken aus Kraftzellstoff nassreißfest oder nicht nassreißfest ausgerüstet, gebrauchten Pappen und Papieren aus Kraftzellstoff naturfarbig und/ oder weiss, Schnitzeln aus ungebrauchten Pappen und Papieren aus Kraftzellstoff ungefärbt, neuen Tragtaschen aus Kraftzellstoff mit oder ohne nassreißfeste Papiere enthaltend, Hüllen aus Kraftpapier mehrfach überzogen und/ oder beschichtet und/ oder gebraucht, Magazinpapieren, Zeitungen, insbesondere Tageszeitungen, Kombinationen hiervon und dergleichen, aufweist.In a further embodiment of the core paper according to the invention, the proportion of recycled pulp mixture is greater than 25%, moreover between greater than 40 and 100%, preferably between 50 and 95%, particularly preferably between 70 and 90%, preferably in the range of 75%, particularly preferably above 80%, more preferably over 95% and in particular up to 100% and in particular the pulp is selected from a group which includes, for example kraft pulp and / or kraft liners in particular from corrugated board and cardboard department waste with at least 70% corrugated cardboard and cardboard residues and / or or packaging papers, used corrugated cardboard boxes, chips of unused corrugated board with layers of kraft or testliner, used corrugated board with kraftliner and / or corrugated pulp and / or thermo-chemical pulp, used corrugated board with layers of test or kraftliner and at least one layer Kraftliner, used Sä made of Kraft pulp wet-tear resistant or not wet-crack resistant, unused kraft pulp bags wet-tear resistant or not wet-crack resistant, used paperboard and papers made of kraft pulp natural and / or white, chips of unused pulpboard and kraft pulp uncoloured, new kraft pulp carrier bags with or without wet-tear resistant papers comprising, covers made of Kraft paper repeatedly coated and / or coated and / or used, magazine papers, newspapers, in particular daily newspapers, combinations thereof and the like.
Der Anteil an wiederaufbereitetem Faserstoff am Gesamtfaserstoff wird prozentual angegeben. Bestandteile des Gesamtfaserstoffes können auch sogenannter Frischfaserstoff sowie auch künstliche Faserstoffe beinhalten. Hierbei zeigen Frischfaserstoffe, die mittels chemischer und / oder mechanischer Aufschlussverfahren gewonnen werden im Gegensatz zu wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffen meist höhere Festigkeiten, sind aber auch teurer.The percentage of recycled pulp in the total pulp is given as a percentage. Components of the total pulp may also include so-called fresh pulp as well as artificial pulps. In this case, fresh fiber materials, which are obtained by means of chemical and / or mechanical pulping methods, in contrast to recycled pulps usually have higher strengths, but are also more expensive.
Entsprechend des verwendeten Aufschlussverfahrens kann grundsätzlich in ligninhaltige und ligninfreie Faserstoffe unterschieden werden. Bei wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffen ist diese Unterscheidung aufgrund der Durchmischung von Altpapieren bzw. auch Altpapiersorten oftmals nicht mehr gegeben. Bei den Festigkeitsparametern können statische und dynamische Festigkeiten unterschieden werden. Unter einer statischen Festigkeit, versteht man die Kraft, der ein Papier bei langsamer und gleichmäßiger Spannungsbelastung standhalten kann. Zu den statischen Festigkeitsparametern zählt man beispielsweise Bruchkraft, Reißlänge, Bruchdehnung, Dehnmodul. Unter einer dynamischen Festigkeit, versteht man die Kraft, der ein Papier bei schneller und/ oder ungleichmäßiger Spannungsbelastung standhalten kann. Zu den dynamischen Festigkeitsparametern zählt man beispielsweise spezifischer Weiterreißwiderstand, Berstfestigkeit, Doppelfalzzahl (Knickfestigkeit). Beispiele für allgemeine Papiereigenschaften sind die Papierglätte, Porosität, Rauhigkeit, Luftdurchlässigkeit, Formation, Steifigkeit, Planlage und Opazität.Depending on the digestion process used, a distinction can generally be made between lignin-containing and lignin-free fibrous materials. For reprocessed pulps, this distinction is often no longer due to the mixing of waste paper or waste paper grades. With the strength parameters, static and dynamic strengths can be distinguished. Static strength is the force that a paper can withstand under slow and even tension. The static strength parameters include, for example, breaking strength, breaking length, elongation at break, expansion modulus. Dynamic strength is the force that a paper can withstand under rapid and / or uneven stress conditions. The dynamic strength parameters include, for example, specific tear propagation resistance, bursting strength, double fold number (buckling strength). Examples of general paper properties are paper smoothness, porosity, roughness, air permeability, formation, stiffness, flatness and opacity.
Mit den jeweiligen Anteilen an wiederaufbereitetem Faserstoff lassen sich insbesondere auch die Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers beeinflussen. Besonders von Bedeutung sind im Zusammenhang mit dem einführend genannten Trend der Reduktion von Flächengewichten die erzielbaren Festigkeitsparameter und hinsichtlich des Imprägnierverfahrens das Imprägnierverhalten des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers. Entsprechend den geforderten Festigkeiten und Eigenschaften des Endproduktes werden die jeweilig benötigten Anteile des Gesamtfaserstoffes zusammengestellt. Für einen Gesamtfaserstoff bestehend aus 100% wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffgemisches sind optimierte Produktionsverfahren und spezielles technisches Know How erforderlich. Wiederaufbereiteter Faserstoff kann auch als Altpapier bezeichnet werden. Entsprechend Eigenschaften und Herkunft werden im CEN European Standard EN 643 die Altpapiersorten in verschiedenen Klassen aufgelistet. Für die vorliegende Erfindung sind insbesondere Altpapiersorten aus der Klasse II von Bedeutung.In particular, the properties of the core paper according to the invention can also be influenced with the respective proportions of recycled pulp. Of particular importance in connection with the introductory trend of reduction of basis weights are the strength parameters which can be achieved and, with regard to the impregnation process, the impregnation behavior of the core paper according to the invention. According to the required strength and properties of the final product, the respective required proportions of the total pulp are assembled. For a total pulp consisting of 100% reprocessed pulp mixtures, optimized production processes and special technical know-how are required. Recycled pulp may also be referred to as waste paper. According to their properties and origin, CEN European Standard EN 643 lists waste paper grades in different classes. For the present invention in particular waste paper grades from class II are of importance.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers wird der Nassfestiger als erstes Additiv aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt wird, welche insbesondere Verbindungen von Epichlorhydrinharzen, Harnstoff-, Melamin-Formaldehydharzen, Phenolharzen, Acrylharzdispersionen, Kunstharzdispersionen auf Basis von Acrylsäureester und/ oder Styrol-Butadien, Polyurethan-, Polyolefindispersionen, Polyamidoaminharzen, Polyamidamin-EpichlorhydrinHarzen, Kombinationen hiervon und dergleichen sind. Die Funktionsweise dieser aufgelisteten Nassverfestiger-Gruppen in Bezug auf die Verbindung der Fasern an den Berührungs- und Kreuzungspunkten im Fasernetzwerk wurde zuvor beschrieben.In a further embodiment of the core paper according to the invention, the wet strength agent is selected as the first additive from a group which in particular comprises compounds of epichlorohydrin resins, urea melamine-formaldehyde resins, Phenolic resins, acrylic resin dispersions, synthetic resin dispersions based on acrylic esters and / or styrene-butadiene, polyurethane, polyolefin dispersions, polyamidoamine resins, polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins, combinations thereof, and the like. The functioning of these listed wet strength groups in relation to the connection of the fibers at the points of contact and intersection in the fiber network has been previously described.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers wird die grenzflächenaktive Substanz als zweites Additiv aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt, welche Verbindungen aufweist, die sich insbesondere an Grenzflächen stark anreichern. Gemäß ihrer funktionellen chemischen Gruppen werden die Additive in bifunktionelle, anionische, nichtionogene und kationische Verbindungen unterschieden. Das charakteristische Merkmal aller grenzflächenaktive Substanzen ist ihre polare Struktur, meist bedingt durch mindestens einen lipophilen Kohlenwasserstoff-Rest und mindestens einer hydrophilen funktionalen Gruppe, wodurch sie sich bevorzugt an Grenzflächen eines dispersen Systems anlagern.In a further embodiment of the core paper according to the invention, the surface-active substance is selected as the second additive from a group which has compounds which accumulate strongly, in particular at interfaces. According to their functional chemical groups, the additives are distinguished into bifunctional, anionic, nonionic and cationic compounds. The characteristic feature of all surface-active substances is their polar structure, usually due to at least one lipophilic hydrocarbon radical and at least one hydrophilic functional group, whereby they prefer to attach to interfaces of a disperse system.
Beispiele grenzflächenaktiver Substanzen, wie Tensiden sind: amphiphile (bifunktionelle) Verbindungen mit mindestens einem hydrophoben und einem hydrophilen Molekülteil, wobei eine Kohlenwasserstoffkette acht bis zweiundzwanzig Kohlenstoff-Atome aufweist, (Dimethyl-)Siloxan-Ketten, perfluorierte Kohlenwasserstoffketten.Examples of surfactants such as surfactants are: amphiphilic (bifunctional) compounds having at least one hydrophobic moiety and one hydrophilic moiety wherein a hydrocarbon chain has eight to twenty-two carbon atoms, (dimethyl) siloxane chains, perfluorinated hydrocarbon chains.
Beispiele anionischer Tenside sind insbesondere Seifen, lineare Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Alkansulfonate, Alkylsulfate, Alkylethersulfate, Fettalkylpolyethylenglykolethersulfate, Fettalkylsulfate.Examples of anionic surfactants are, in particular, soaps, linear alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, fatty alkyl polyethylene glycol ether sulfates, fatty alkyl sulfates.
Beispiele nichtionogener Tenside sind insbesondere Fettalkylpolyethylenglykolether, Fettalkoholethoxylate, Fettsäurekondensate, Ethylenoxid/Propylenoxid-Copolymere (EO/PO), Alkylphenolethoxylate, Sorbitanfettsäureester, Sorbitanmono-(di, tri)laurat, -oleat, -palmitat, -stearat, Polysorbate, Sorbitansesquioleate, Alkylpolyglucoside, N-Methylglucamide, Alkylphenolpolyethylenglykolether, Fettalkohole, Oxo-Alkohole, Ziegler-Alkohole, Alkylphenole und Ethylenoxid.Examples of nonionic surfactants are in particular fatty alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid condensates, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers (EO / PO), alkylphenol ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan mono- (di-, tri) laurate, oleate, palmitate, stearate, polysorbates, sorbitan sesquioleates, alkyl polyglucosides, N-methylglucamides, alkylphenol polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty alcohols, oxo alcohols, Ziegler alcohols, alkylphenols and ethylene oxide.
Beispiele kationischer Tenside sind insbesondere quartäre Ammonium-Verbindungen mit hydrophoben Gruppen, Salze langkettiger primärer Amine.Examples of cationic surfactants are, in particular, quaternary ammonium compounds with hydrophobic groups, salts of long-chain primary amines.
Beispiele amphoterer Tenside sind insbesondere Betaine, Aminosäure-Tenside, N-(Acylamidoalkyl)betaine, Propylenoxid.Examples of amphoteric surfactants are in particular betaines, amino acid surfactants, N- (acylamidoalkyl) betaines, propylene oxide.
Weitere Beispiele grenzflächenaktiver Substanzen sind Polyelektrolyte, Emulgatoren, Netz- und Dispergiermittel, Feuchtmittel und Polysaccharide insbesondere Sorbitol.Further examples of surface-active substances are polyelectrolytes, emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents, wetting agents and polysaccharides, in particular sorbitol.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers kann die Stoffsuspension weitere Additive enthalten, die als sogenannte chemische Hilfsmittel oder Zusatzstoffe im Papierherstellungsprozess zur Erzielung bestimmter Eigenschaften, Effekte und Prozessbedingungen kontrolliert zudosiert werden oder aber auch bereits in abgewandelter Form im wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoff bzw. Altpapier enthalten sind. Dies können insbesondere Retentionsmittel, Entwässerungshilfsmittel, Retentionsmittel-Dual-Systeme oder Mikropartikelsysteme, Nass- und Trockenverfestiger, Füllstoffe und oder Pigmente, insbesondere aus einer Gruppe von Talkum, Titandioxid, Aluminiumhydroxid, Bentonit, Bariumsulfat, Calciumcarbonat, Kaolin, Gips ausgewählt, Bindemittelkomponenten, Streichfarbenkomponenten, Entschäumer, Entlüfter, Biozide, Enzyme, Bleichhilfsmittel, optische Aufheller, Farbstoffe, Nuancierfarbstoffen, Störstofffänger, Fällungsmittel (Fixiermittel), Benetzungsmittel, pH-Regulatoren Kombinationen hiervon und dergleichen sein. Neben den gewünschten Funktionen der Additive können sich durch Wechselwirkungen aber auch unerwünschte Effekte ergeben, wodurch die Additive dann als sog. "Störstoffe" die Verfahrensprozesse negativ beeinflussen.In a further embodiment of the core paper according to the invention, the stock suspension may contain further additives which are added as so-called chemical auxiliaries or additives in the papermaking process in order to achieve certain properties, effects and process conditions or else are already contained in a recycled form in the recycled pulp or waste paper. These may in particular retention agents, drainage aids, retention agent dual systems or microparticle systems, wet and dry strength, fillers and or pigments, in particular selected from a group of talc, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, kaolin, gypsum, binder components, coating components Defoamers, deaerators, biocides, enzymes, bleaching aids, optical brighteners, dyes, shading dyes, Störstofffänger, precipitating (fixing), wetting agents, pH regulators combinations thereof and the like. In addition to the desired functions of the additives, however, interactions can also result in undesired effects, as a result of which the additives then negatively influence the process processes as so-called "contaminants".
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers wird die grenzflächenaktive Wirksubstanz insbesondere in einem Gewichtsanteil von 0,1% bis 3%, bevorzugt von 0,5% bis 1,25%, weiter bevorzugt von 0,1% bis 1,5% bzw. 0,5% bis 1 %, besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 0< x ≤2% und vorzugsweise von 1 %, 1,5% oder 2% bezogen auf atro Stoff zugesetzt. Der hier aufgezeigte Dosierbereich der grenzflächenaktiven Wirksubstanz wurde aus Versuchsreihen ermittelt und stellt einen optimierten Wirkungsbereich zur Erzielung der optimalen Papiereigenschaften, insbesondere zur Erhöhung der Kapillarität, dar.In a further embodiment of the core paper according to the invention, the surface-active active substance is in particular in a proportion by weight of 0.1% to 3%, preferably from 0.5% to 1.25%, more preferably from 0.1% to 1.5% or 0.5% to 1%, more preferably in the range of 0 <x ≤2% and preferably of 1%, 1.5% or 2% based on atro added. The dosing range of the surfactant active substance shown here was determined from test series and represents an optimized range of effectiveness for achieving the optimum paper properties, in particular for increasing the capillarity.
Kernpapier kann wie folgt hergestellt werden: In einem sogenannten Stoffaufbereitungsprozess wird eine wässrige Faserstoffsuspension bereitgestellt. Die Faserstoffsuspension hat vorzugsweise eine Sortierung durchlaufen die insbesondere eine 2-stufige Drucksortierung und einen 3-stufigen Cleaneranlagenprozess beinhaltet, wobei die Drucksortierung vorzugsweise Schlitzsortierer verwendet werden, welche insbesondere Schlitzweiten zwischen 0,2 bis 0,3 mm und vorzugsweise 0,25 mm aufweisen. Weitere Prozessschritte können Dispergierstufen und/ oder Entaschungsprozesse sein. Neben weiteren chemischen Hilfsmitteln bzw. Additiven, welche den Papierproduktionsprozess als auch die Papiereigenschaften beeinflussen, wird in diese Faserstoffsuspension ein Nassfestmittel und eine grenzflächenaktive Substanz, ein sog. Tensid dosiert. Die wässrige Faserstoffsuspension wird nach der Zugabe aller Rohstoffe/ Additive und kurz vor der Papiermaschine auch als sog. Fertigstoff bezeichnet. Mit den Papiermaschinenprozessschritten Entwässerung/ Blattbildung, Pressung, Trocknung, ggf. Glättung und Aufrollung ist das Basis-Kernpapier hergestellt. Nach der eventuell nötigen Nachreifezeit, in der die endgültige Nassfestigkeit erreicht wird, ist das Kernpapier bereit für den Verfahrensschritt der Imprägnierung. Beim Verfahren der Tränkharzimprägnierung wird beispielsweise die Kernpapierbahn durch ein Tauchbad geführt und mit einem Harz imprägniert.Core paper can be prepared as follows: In a so-called stock preparation process, an aqueous pulp suspension is provided. The pulp suspension preferably has undergone a sorting process involving, in particular, a 2-stage pressure sorting and a 3-stage cleaner process, the print sorting preferably using slot sorters having in particular slot widths between 0.2 to 0.3 mm and preferably 0.25 mm. Further process steps may be dispersion stages and / or ash removal processes. In addition to further chemical auxiliaries or additives which influence the paper production process as well as the paper properties, a wet strength agent and a surface-active substance, a so-called surfactant, are metered into this fiber suspension. The aqueous pulp suspension is referred to as the addition of all raw materials / additives and shortly before the paper machine as so-called finished material. With the paper machine process steps dewatering / sheet formation, pressing, drying, possibly smoothing and reeling, the base core paper is produced. After the eventually necessary post-ripening period, in which the final wet strength is achieved, the core paper is ready for the process step of the impregnation. In the process of impregnating resin impregnation, for example, the core paper web is passed through a dipping bath and impregnated with a resin.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden durch die Passivierung von Karbonaten, welche u.a. durch den Einsatz von Altpapier in das Kernpapier eingetragen werden, diese geschützt, damit bei pH-Wert Verschiebungen möglichst ein Freisetzen von CO2 verhindert wird. So können beispielsweise Carbonatanteile durch den Zusatz geringer Mengen Phosphorsäure passiviert werden. Darüber hinaus können dem Faserstoff auch geeignete Puffersysteme zugesetzt werden, um eine pH-Wert Verschiebung zu vermeiden.In a further preferred embodiment, the passivation of carbonates, which are introduced inter alia by the use of waste paper in the core paper, this protected so that at pH shifts as possible a release of CO 2 is prevented. For example, carbonate can be passivated by the addition of small amounts of phosphoric acid. In addition, suitable buffer systems may be added to the pulp to avoid a pH shift.
Schließlich umfasst ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung die Zugabe von Hydrophobierungsmittel, um hierdurch insbesondere das Penetrationsverhalten des Kernpapiers gezielt durch die Zugabe zweier gegensätzlich wirkenden Hilfsmitteln, d.h. insbesondere zwischen Tenside und Hydrophobierungsmittel beeinflussen und einstellen zu können.Finally, another aspect of the invention comprises the addition of hydrophobing agent in order to be able to influence and adjust in particular the penetration behavior of the core paper in a targeted manner by the addition of two counteracting auxiliaries, ie in particular between surfactants and water repellents.
So führt die Zugabe eines Hydrophobierungsmittels zur Reduktion der Benetzungsgeschwindigkeit und kann insbesondere das ggf. durch Zugabe des Tensides verursachte schlagartige Benetzungsverhalten dämpfen.Thus, the addition of a hydrophobing agent leads to the reduction of the wetting speed and in particular can dampen the abrupt wetting behavior possibly caused by the addition of the surfactant.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ferner auch durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kernpapiers gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Detailliert weist das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte auf:
- ➢ Bereitstellen einer Stoffsuspension mit wenigstens einem Anteil eines wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffgemisches und einem Nassverfestiger als erstes Additiv, vorzugsweise aus einem Stoffaufbereitungsprozess. Dieser Verfahrensschritt beschreibt eine Grundvoraussetzung für den (Dekor-/ Kern-) Papierproduktionsprozess. Vorzugsweise wird das erste Additiv im Stoffaufbereitungsprozess zugegeben, dies kann jedoch auch wenigstens teilweise im konstanten Teil erfolgen.
- ➢ Zugabe einer grenzflächenaktiven Wirksubstanz als zweites Additiv in die Fertigstoffsuspension im konstanten Teil eines Papierproduktionsprozesses. Mit Zugabe der grenzflächenaktiven Wirksubstanz wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren charakterisiert. Wichtig für diesen Verfahrensschritt ist eine optimale Homogenisierung der grenzflächenaktiven Wirksubstanz in der Fertigstoffsuspension, wobei ein zusätzlicher Eintrag von Luft in das System, der sich üblicherweise in Blasen- oder Schaumbildung bemerkbar macht, zu vermeiden ist.
- ➢ Herstellung eines Kernpapiers aus der genannten Stoffsuspension auf einer Papiermaschine, insbesondere auf einem Langsieb, insbesondere mit Siebschüttelung, sowie mit oder ohne Egoutteur eventuell auch mit aufgesetztem Hybridformer und Bahnführung durch ein Glättwerk. Dieser Verfahrensschritt zeigt einige Rahmenbedingungen der Produktion auf.
Ferner kann das zuvor beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch folgenden zusätzlichen Schritt beinhalten. - ➢ Imprägnierung des Kernpapiers mit einem Kunstharz, wobei eine Imprägnierung insbesondere eine Beharzung, eine Durchtränkung und/ oder eine Tränkharzimprägnierung zur Herstellung eines Teilchen- insbesondere Faserverbundwerkstoffes ist. Bei Teilchen- und Faserverbundwerkstoffen sind Teilchen bzw. Fasern in eine andere Komponente des Verbundwerkstoffes, der sogenannten Matrix eingebettet.
Ferner kann das zuvor beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch folgenden zusätzlichen Schritt beinhalten. - ➢ Bildung eines Stapels aus Kernpapier unter Verwendung von Druck und Temperatur zur Herstellung eines Schichtverbundwerkstoffes. Mit diesem Verfahrensschritt wird neben der reinen Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers auch die Verwendung des Kernpapiers zur Herstellung eines Schichtverbundwerkstoffes beansprucht.
- Provision of a stock suspension with at least a portion of a recycled pulp mixture and a wet strength agent as the first additive, preferably from a stock preparation process. This process step describes a basic requirement for the (decor / core) paper production process. Preferably, the first additive is added in the stock preparation process, but this can also be done at least partially in the constant part.
- ➢ Addition of a surfactant as a second additive in the stock suspension in the constant part of a paper production process. With the addition of the surfactant active substance, the inventive method is characterized. Important for this process step is an optimal homogenization of the surfactant active substance in the precursor suspension, with an additional entry of air into the system, which usually makes noticeable in blistering or foaming, is to be avoided.
- ➢ Production of a core paper from said stock suspension on a paper machine, in particular on a wire, in particular with Siebschüttelung, with or without Egoutteur possibly also with an attached Hybridformer and web guide by a calender. This process step shows some basic conditions of production.
Furthermore, the method according to the invention described above may also include the following additional step. - ➢ Impregnation of the core paper with a synthetic resin, wherein an impregnation in particular a Beharzung, a saturation and / or an impregnating resin impregnation for the production of a particulate particular Fiber composite material is. In the case of particle and fiber composites, particles or fibers are embedded in another component of the composite, the so-called matrix.
Furthermore, the method according to the invention described above may also include the following additional step. - ➢ formation of a stack of core paper using pressure and temperature to produce a composite layer material. In addition to the pure production of the core paper according to the invention, this method step also requires the use of the core paper for the production of a layered composite material.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst ferner auch die Verwendung des Kernpapiers als Materialkomponente in Verbundwerkstoffen, insbesondere von Schichtverbundwerkstoffen, insbesondere Kompaktplatten (teilweise mit bis zu 10mm Stärke), Faserverbundwerkstoffen, Teilchenverbundwerkstoffen und Durchdringungsverbundwerkstoffen. Hiermit ist die Verwendung des Kernpapiers für alle Geometrien des Verbundes abgedeckt:The present invention also encompasses the use of the core paper as a material component in composites, in particular composite laminates, in particular compact laminates (in some cases up to 10 mm thick), fiber composites, particle composites and interpenetration composite materials. This covers the use of the core paper for all geometries of the composite:
Des weiteren umfasst die vorliegende Erfindung auch die Verwendung des Kernpapiers als Trägermaterial für bahnförmige Schichtgefüge insbesondere von Overlays, Dekorpapieren, Folien und Vliesmaterialien und/ oder als Deckschicht insbesondere als Overlay und Vorimprägnatpapier und/ oder als Trägermaterial auf Trägerplatten insbesondere von Holzwerkstoffplatten, wie beispielsweise Spanplatten, Oriented Strandboard(OSB)-Platten, Faserplatten hoher oder mittlerer Dichte, Sperrholzplatten, mineralisch gebundene Holzwerkstoffe auf Kunststoffbasis, Massivholzplatten, Arbeitsplatten, Fußbodenbelägen und vorzugsweise zur Herstellung von Faserverbundwerkstoffen, wie beispielsweise von Naturfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen, Holz-Kunststoff-Komposite und Faser-Keramik-Verbunden; und/ oder als Gegenzug insbesondere als Regeneratpapier zur Beschichtung von Rückseiten wie insbesondere bei Laminaten, oberflächenbeschichteten Platten, wie Holzwerkstoffplatten, Paneelen, Kombinationen hiervon und dergleichen. Mit den aufgezählten Produktbeispielen deckt das erfindungsgemäße Kernpapier die Verwendung als Trägermaterial für alle denkbaren Schichtgefüge ab.Furthermore, the present invention also encompasses the use of the core paper as a carrier material for sheet-like layered structure, in particular of overlays, decor papers, films and nonwoven materials and / or as cover layer, in particular as overlay and prepreg paper and / or as carrier material on carrier plates, in particular of wood-based panels, such as chipboard, Oriented Strandboard (OSB) panels, high and medium density fiberboard, plywood panels, plastic-based mineral-bonded wood-based panels, solid wood panels, countertops, floor coverings and, preferably, for the manufacture of fiber composite materials, such as natural fiber reinforced plastics, wood-plastic composites and fiber-ceramic Connected; and / or in return, in particular as Regeneratpapier for coating backs such as in particular in laminates, surface-coated plates, such as wood-based panels, panels, combinations thereof, and the like. With the product examples listed, the core paper according to the invention covers the use as carrier material for all conceivable layer structures.
Der Hauptvorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers ist, dass wenigstens ein Teil wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffs eingesetzt wird, was Einsparungen in den Rohstoffkosten ermöglicht, die Recyclingquoten erhöht und die nachhaltige Verwendung nachwachsender Rohstoffe fördert.The main advantage of the core paper of the present invention is that at least a portion of recycled pulp is used, allowing savings in raw material costs, increasing recycling rates, and promoting the sustainable use of renewable resources.
Weitere Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers gegenüber dem Stand der Technik können u.a. sein, dass trotz des Einsatzes wenigstens eines Teils von wiederaufbereiteten Faserstoffs die anspruchsvollen Bedingungen an die geforderten Festigkeiten, Imprägnier- und Papiereigenschaften erfüllt und / oder ggf. sogar übertroffen werden.Further advantages of the core paper according to the invention over the prior art can i.a. be that despite the use of at least a portion of recycled pulp, the demanding conditions of the required strength, impregnation and paper properties are met and / or possibly even exceeded.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert, wobei darauf hingewiesen wird, dass durch diese Beispiele Abwandlungen beziehungsweise Ergänzungen wie sie sich für den Fachmann unmittelbar ergeben mit umfasst sind. Darüber hinaus stellen diese bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele keine Beschränkungen der Erfindung in der Art dar, dass Abwandlungen und Ergänzungen im Umfang der vorliegenden Erfindung liegen.The invention is explained below with reference to preferred embodiments, wherein it should be noted that these examples include modifications or additions as they are immediately apparent to those skilled in the art. Moreover, these preferred embodiments are not limitations of the invention in the manner that modifications and additions are within the scope of the present invention.
Im Stand der Technik wird für die Herstellung von Kernpapier im Flächengewichtsbereich von 40 bis 400 g/m2, vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen 140 bis 300 g/m2, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 150 bis 250 g/m2, ganz besonders bevorzugt über 150 g/m2, herkömmlicher weise Kraftliner-Frischfaserstoff, insbesondere auch Kraftzellstoff eingesetzt. Idealer weise kommt der Frischfaser-Zellstoff aus einer vorgeschalteten Zellstoffproduktion, so dass keine Trocknungsschritte des Faserstoffs zwischengeschaltet sind, wodurch insbesondere keine Verhornung des Faserstoffs stattfindet. Die Verhornung des Faserstoffs hat Einfluss auf die Oberflächeneigenschaften der Fasern und kann sich negativ auf Festigkeitseigenschaften und die Kapillarität bzw. Saugfähigkeit des fertigen Kernpapiers auswirken. Weitere Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Kapillarität sind zwischen ligninhaltigen und ligninfreien Faserstoffen festzustellen. Ligninhaltige Faserstoffe zeigen im Unterschied zu ligninfreien Faserstoffen aufgrund der wasserabweisenden, hydrophoben Oberflächeneigenschaften der ligninhaltigen Faserstoffe eine verminderte Saugfähigkeit.In the prior art is for the production of core paper in the basis weight range of 40 to 400 g / m 2 , preferably in the range 140 to 300 g / m 2 , more preferably between 150 to 250 g / m 2 , most preferably above 150 g / m 2 , conventional, kraftliner fresh fiber, in particular kraft pulp used. Ideally, the virgin fiber pulp comes from an upstream pulp production, so that no drying steps of the pulp are interposed, which in particular no hornification of the pulp takes place. The hornification of the pulp has an influence on the surface properties of the fibers and can have a negative effect on the strength properties and the capillarity or absorbency of the finished core paper. Further differences in capillarity can be found between lignin-containing and lignin-free fibers. Lignin-containing fibers, in contrast to lignin-free fibers due to the water-repellent, hydrophobic surface properties of the lignocellulosic fibers have a reduced absorbency.
Im Gegensatz hierzu erfolgt die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapiers aus bis zu 100% wiederaufbereitetem Faserstoff. Als wiederaufbereiteter Faserstoff wurden gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels vorwiegend Altpapiersorten aus ungebleichten, nativen Zellstoffen verwendet. Die Blattbildung des Kernpapiers mit einem Flächengewicht zwischen 40 bis 400 g/m2 an der Papiermaschine erfolgte beispielsweise einlagig auf einem Langsieb mit aufgesetzter Obersiebentwässerung, insbesondere einem Hybridformer und / oder nachgeschaltetem Egoutteur.In contrast, the production of the core paper according to the invention from up to 100% reprocessed pulp takes place. As recycled pulp For example, according to a preferred embodiment, predominantly waste paper grades of unbleached native pulps were used. Was the formation of the core paper sheet having a basis weight between 40 to 400 g / m 2 on the paper machine, for example a single layer on a Fourdrinier with attached Obersiebentwässerung, in particular a hybrid former and / or downstream dandy roll.
Qualitätskriterium der Versuchsreihen für die Verfahrensschritte in der Produktion war die positive Beeinflussung der Kapillarität des Kernpapiers.The quality criterion of the test series for the process steps in production was the positive influence on the capillarity of the core paper.
Mit der Dosierung einer grenzflächenaktiven Wirksubstanz konnte bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapier eine wenigstens vergleichbare Kapillarität erreicht werden, was u.a. auch aus einer vergleichbaren Saughöhe ersichtlich ist. Gleichzeitig konnte die Nassfestigkeit verbessert werden, was eine Steigerung der Bruchkraft längs (nass) im Bereich von 20 % gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zeigt. Die Verbesserung der Imprägnierbarkeit ist auf eine verbesserte Nassfestigkeit des Kernpapiers zurückzuführen. Eine Gegenüberstellung wird im Folgenden unter Bezug auf Tabellenwerte näher beschrieben.With the dosage of a surfactant active substance in the core paper according to the invention an at least comparable capillarity could be achieved, which u.a. also from a comparable suction height is visible. At the same time, the wet strength could be improved, showing an increase in the longitudinal (wet) breaking force in the region of 20% over the prior art. The improvement in impregnability is due to an improved wet strength of the core paper. A comparison is described below with reference to table values.
Tabelle 1 ist eine Gegenüberstellung der Vergleichsparameter des Kernpapiers. Die Papierparameter Saughöhe, Bruchkraft längs (trocken), Bruchkraft längs (nass) und Luftdurchlässigkeit werden beim Stand der Technik (100% Frischfaser/ 0% Altpapier), bei 100% Altpapier und bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapier einander gegenüber gestellt. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kernpapier sind Saughöhe und Luftdurchlässigkeit auf dem Niveau des Stand der Technik, die Bruchkraft längs (trocken) ist um die Hälfte reduziert und die Bruchkraft längs (nass) ist gegenüber dem Stand der Technik um 20% verbessert.
Claims (13)
- A core paper containing fiber material for producing a carrier material that can be laminated, comprising at least a proportion of a recycled fiber material mixture and a wet strength agent as a first additive,
characterized in that
the core paper comprises at least a surfactant as an active substance active on a boundary surface, and a second additive in a weight proportion of 0.05% to 3%, relative to atro dry material, for increasing capillarity. - The core paper of claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of recycled fiber material mixture is greater than 25%, between greater than 40% and 100%, preferably between 50% and 95%, particularly preferably between 70% and 90%, preferably in the range of 75%, more preferably above 80%, most preferably above 95% and especially up to 100% and is, in particular, selected from a group comprising, for example, Kraft pulp and/or Kraft liner, in particular from department store waste of corrugated paper and cardboard with at least 70% corrugated paper and residues of solid cardboard and/or packaging paper, used corrugated cardboard boxes, shreds of unused corrugated paper with layers of Kraft liner or test liner, used corrugated paper with Kraft liner and/or corrugated medium on pulp and/or thermo-chemical pulp, used corrugated paper with layers of test liner or Kraft liner and at least one layer of Kraft liner, used bags from Kraft pulp provided or not provided with wet tensile strength, unused bags from Kraft pulp provided or not provided with wet tensile strength, used paperboard and paper from Kraft pulp, naturally colored and/or white, shreds of unused paperboard and paper from Kraft pulp, uncolored, new carrier bags from Kraft pulp with or without paper having wet tensile strength, envelopes made of Kraft paper, repeatedly covered and/or coated and/or used, magazine paper, newspapers, in particular daily newspapers, combinations thereof and the like.
- The core paper of any preceding claim, characterized in that said wet strength agent is selected as the first additive from a group comprising, in particular, compounds of epichlorohydrin resins, urea-, melamine-formaldehyde resins, phenol resins, acrylic resin dispersions, synthetic resin dispersions based on acrylic acid esters and/or styrene-butadiene, polyurethane-, polyolefin dispersions, polyamidoamine resins, polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins, combinations thereof and the like.
- The core paper of any preceding claim, characterized in that said substance active on a boundary surface is selected as the second additive from a group comprising compounds which from their solution strongly accumulate at boundary surfaces, having at least a lipophilic hydrocarbon radical and at least one hydrophilic functional group, and in particular comprising surfactants, amphiphilic (bifunctional) compounds with at least one hydrophobic and one hydrophilic part of the molecule, wherein a hydrocarbon chain comprises eight to twenty-two carbon atoms, (dimethyl) siloxane chains, perfluorinated hydrocarbon chains, anionic surfactants, in particular soaps, linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkane sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, fatty alkyl polyethylene glycol ether sulfates, fatty alkyl sulfates, nonionic surfactants, in particular fatty alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid condensates, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers (EO/PO), alkyl phenol ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan mono-(di, tri) laurate, -oleate, -palmitate, -stearate, polysorbates, sorbitan sesquioleates, alkyl polyglucosides, N-methylglucamides, alkyl phenol polyethylene glycol ethers, fatty alcohols, oxo-alcohols, Ziegler alcohols, alkyl phenols, ethylene oxide, cationic surfactants, in particular quaternary ammonium compounds with hydrophobic groups, salts of long-chain primary amines, amphoteric surfactants, in particular betaines, amino acid surfactants, N-(acylamidoalkyl) betaines, propylene oxide, polyetectrolytes, emulsifiers, wetting and dispersing agents, humectants, and polysaccha rides, in particular sorbitol, combinations thereof and the like.
- The core paper of any preceding claim, characterized in that the material suspension comprises further additives such as, in particular, retention agents, drainage aids, retention agent dual systems or microparticle systems, wet and dry-strength agents, filters and/or pigments selected, in particular, from a group comprising talc, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, bentonite, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, kaolin; binding agent components, color coating components, defoamers, deaerators, biocides, enzymes, bleaching aids, optical brighteners, dyes, shading dyes, fixatives, precipitating agents (fixing agents), wetting agents, pH regulators, combinations thereof and the like.
- The core paper of any preceding claim, characterized in that said active substance active on a boundary surface is added, in particular, in a weight proportion of 0.1% to 3%, preferably from 0.5% to 1.25%, more preferably from 0.2% to 0.75% and most preferably from 0.25% to 0.5% based on atro dry material.
- A method for producing a core paper according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:➢ providing a material suspension with at least a proportion of a recycled fiber material mixture and a wet strength agent as a first additive, preferably from a stock preparation process;➢ adding a surfactant as an active substance active on a boundary surface and second additive in the finished stock suspension in the constant part of a paper production process;➢ producing a core paper from said material suspension on a paper machine, in particularon a Fourdrinierwire, in particular with a vibrating screen, and with or without a dandy roll, in particular with an attached hybrid former and a web guide through a calender.
- A method for producing a core paper according to claim 1,
characterized in that
said stock preparation process comprises at least one method step selected from a group comprising screening of a fiber material suspension, in particular with multi-stage slot pressure screening, a cleaner system process, dispersing stages, ash removal processes, combinations thereof and the like. - The method of claim 7 or 8, further comprising the additional step of:impregnating said core paper with a synthetic resin, wherein impregnation is, in particular, resinification, saturation and/or resin impregnation for the production of particle material, in particular, fiber composite material.
- The method for producing a core paper according to any of claims 7 to 9, comprising the additional step of:forming a stack of core paper using pressure and temperature to produce a laminated com posite.
- The core paper of any of claims 1 to 6 which was produced according to any of the methods of claims 7 to 10.
- The use of the core paper of any of claims 1 to 6 or 11 as a material component in composite materials, in particular in laminated composites, compact boards, fiber composites, particle composites and interpenetrating composites.
- The use of the core paper of any of claims 1 to 6 or 11 as a carrier material for web-shaped layer structures and in particular for overlays, decorative paper, films and nonwoven materials and/or as a cover layer, in particular as an overlay and pre-impregnated paper and/or as a carrier material on carrier boards, in particular of wood fiberboards, such as chip boards, oriented strand boards (OSB), fiberboards of high or medium density, plywood boards, minerai-bonded wood materials on a plastic base, solid wood panels, countertops, floor covering, and preferably for the production of fiber composite materials, such as natural fiber reinforced plastics, wood-plastic composites and fiber-ceramic composites; and/or as a stabilizing layer, in particular as regenerated paper for coating reverse sides, such as, in particular, for laminates, surface-coated boards such as wood fiberboards, panels, combinations thereof and the like.
Priority Applications (1)
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PL11722752T PL2569484T3 (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2011-05-05 | Core paper |
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DE102010016864.5A DE102010016864B4 (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Fibrous core paper, process for its preparation and its use |
PCT/EP2011/057250 WO2011141355A1 (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2011-05-05 | Core paper |
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EP2569484A1 EP2569484A1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
EP2569484B1 true EP2569484B1 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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EP (1) | EP2569484B2 (en) |
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CN109235097A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-18 | 中条山有色金属集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and applications of corrugating medium's body paper |
AT525430B1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-04-15 | Mondi Ag | Paper web and method of forming a paper web |
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ES2461999T5 (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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US20130068409A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
ES2461999T3 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
PT2569484E (en) | 2014-06-11 |
CN102947507A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
WO2011141355A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
EP2569484B2 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
PL2569484T3 (en) | 2014-08-29 |
DK2569484T4 (en) | 2023-02-13 |
DK2569484T3 (en) | 2014-07-07 |
DE102010016864A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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