EP2561237A1 - Dispositif et procédé permettant de déterminer l'état de vieillissement d'un liquide hydraulique dans le système hydraulique d'un véhicule - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé permettant de déterminer l'état de vieillissement d'un liquide hydraulique dans le système hydraulique d'un véhicule

Info

Publication number
EP2561237A1
EP2561237A1 EP11719779A EP11719779A EP2561237A1 EP 2561237 A1 EP2561237 A1 EP 2561237A1 EP 11719779 A EP11719779 A EP 11719779A EP 11719779 A EP11719779 A EP 11719779A EP 2561237 A1 EP2561237 A1 EP 2561237A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
temperature
aging
fluid
hydraulic system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11719779A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Volker Baumbach
Robert Behr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations GmbH filed Critical Airbus Operations GmbH
Publication of EP2561237A1 publication Critical patent/EP2561237A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring

Definitions

  • Patent Application No. 61 / 325,909 filed on April 20, 2010 and German Patent Application No. 10 2010 015 636.1 filed on Apr. 20, 2010, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for determining the aging state of a hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic system
  • a hydraulic system is dependent on the quality and condition of a hydraulic fluid used, as this is the mechanical connection between the power source in the form of hydraulic pumps or other means and the
  • Hydraulic fluid the end of its life can no longer meet the required physical properties as well as the fire resistance system requirements. If this is the case, a replacement of the hydraulic fluid is the logical consequence. Influencing of the hydraulic fluid by contamination with particles or suspended matter can be eliminated by filtering, so that replacement of the entire fluid in this case is not required.
  • Hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic system of a vehicle quickly and
  • Another object of the invention is to propose such a device which is capable of determining in situ the quality and aging state of a hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic system of a vehicle.
  • a further object of the invention is to propose a method which is used for uncomplicated and rapid determination of the quality and the
  • Aging determination device is adapted to determine a specific aging increase from the size and the temperature of a respective discrete fluid volume and the indication of an observation period.
  • the arithmetic unit is finally set up, from the statement of the respective aging increases of the discrete fluid volumes over a predetermined period, the total aging increase of the trapped in the hydraulic system
  • Hydraulic fluids based on phosphate ester used The main reason for this is their fire resistance. These hydraulic fluids are generally designed according to SAE AS1241, NSA 307110 and BMS 11-3 specifications. Currently, two types of hydraulic fluids (types IV and V) are commercially available whose density and viscosity may differ. According to the above specifications, these liquids can continue in be mixed in any ratio. Therefore, the expected
  • Hydraulic fluid with the least expected life
  • the acid portion of the molecule is derived from a phosphoric acid and gives the ester the refractory properties.
  • the alcohol / phenol portion of the phosphate ester gives the hydraulic fluid the desired
  • Alkyl phosphate esters are made from alcohols.
  • An example is
  • Tributyl phosphate in which 3 butyl alcohols surround the phosphate group Tributyl phosphate in which 3 butyl alcohols surround the phosphate group.
  • Aryl phosphate esters are composed of phenol or alkylphenols.
  • the R group can be hydrogen, isopropyl, tert-butyl, etc.
  • An example of a mixed alkyl / aryl phosphate is dibutylphenyl phosphate.
  • Each of these components has a different level of resistance to chemical reactions that result in aging of the respective ones
  • Hydraulic fluid result.
  • Aircraft hydraulic system could then have to be replaced when a contamination by solids, suspended solids and / or other liquids, such as water, engine oil, oil from a strut or by a Cleaning fluid enters.
  • the hydraulic fluid could also have to be replaced when it has aged to a certain extent, which is damaging the hydraulic system in terms of material and
  • Components could mean.
  • Phosphate esters to form unsaturated hydrocarbons that result in an acid derivative.
  • Oxidation is usually not a significant factor in the aging of a hydraulic fluid, especially one
  • Aircraft hydraulic fluid since this is initially quite resistant to oxidation and also hydraulic systems are usually hermetically sealed.
  • Hydrolysis In connection with elevated temperatures, water leads to a hydrolysis process to form acids. The resulting acid attacks elastomers, metallic components and leads and causes them to age. For this reason, hydraulic fluids for an ongoing monitoring are predestined between predetermined maintenance periods.
  • ester portion of these types of liquid is prepared from a phosphoric acid and an organic alcohol with the separation of water, during the manufacturing process, water is removed from the reaction to remove the water
  • Hydraulic fluid defines a maximum water content of 0.8%, which is sometimes reduced to 0.5%, since such a proportion of water in conjunction with particularly elevated temperatures could already lead to increased acidity.
  • the level of phosphoric acid is with a so-called
  • Neutralization Number also abbreviated as “NN”
  • TAN absolute acid number
  • the process of aging a hydraulic fluid is an accumulative process.
  • a discrete fluid volume for a given time is nominal Aging occurs, which correlates with the maximum expected life at the relevant temperature.
  • different hydraulic powers and different temperature zones within the aircraft concerned are used, which must be taken into account when determining the aging.
  • each discrete fluid volume experiences different temperatures for different times during a flight mission.
  • a so-called aging D can be determined by the following equation:
  • Hydraulic components are decomposed, each for a finite
  • Temperature determination device configured to perform a component numerical thermal simulation of the hydraulic system. This could include, based on the particular structure and properties for each individual hydraulic component, the determination of a heat flow which, taking into account the ambient temperature of the relevant hydraulic component, can lead to the determination of a resulting temperature of the discrete fluid volume.
  • the heat flow can include both heat gain and heat loss. Heat sources of a system could be caused, for example, by power or pressure losses in hydraulic components. A heat loss can result from heat conduction, heat transfer or heat radiation.
  • the thermal simulation model of the hydraulic system used for the determination of the individual temperatures has a simulation block for each essential component. Hydraulic components, which house only a very insignificant part of the hydraulic fluid, can sometimes be neglected for determining the aging of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the aim of the device according to the invention is to simulate the thermal relationships of the closed hydraulic system to be monitored by means of a component-based numerical simulation in such a way that the temperatures of the essential hydraulic components, which accommodate non-negligible proportions of the total hydraulic fluid, can be determined with sufficient accuracy.
  • the temperature determination device has an interface to a
  • Control unit of the real hydraulic system through which all real
  • the interface of the temperature determination device is set up to detect the ambient temperature of at least one hydraulic component.
  • the temperature determination device is connected to at least one temperature sensor, which determines the temperature of the hydraulic fluid in a respective one
  • the temperature determination device is able to determine the temperatures of adjacent or further downstream other hydraulic components. For this reason, it would not be necessary to always thermally simulate the entire hydraulic system and to determine all the temperatures determined on the basis of such a simulation. With the support of real recorded temperatures, it would be sufficient, not through
  • Temperature sensors thermally simulate detected hydraulic components. This could be a simplified, linearized design depending on the design and characteristics Algorithm or only a direct, forward-looking calculation by means of an equation, so that starting from the detected temperature, the
  • Temperatures of discrete fluid volumes in all other hydraulic components can be calculated.
  • a hydraulic fluid line could cause a linear temperature profile, for example, so that in a cooler environment the temperature of a heated hydraulic fluid delivered by a hydraulic fluid line falls linearly.
  • Heat exchangers usually cause a sudden
  • the problem is also solved by a method.
  • the method basically comprises the steps of determining a temperature of
  • Hydraulic components determining an aging increase of the respective hydraulic components for an observation period and summarizing a total aging for all hydraulic components over the entire period of a flight mission.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary aircraft hydraulic system associated with the
  • Device according to the invention is monitored.
  • FIG. 3 shows a temperature profile for a sequence of a hydraulic system under different ambient conditions.
  • Fig. 5 shows a method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows an aircraft which is equipped with at least one device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention in a schematic, block-based representation.
  • a computing unit 2 is shown, which has an aging determination device 4 and a temperature determination device 6. These two devices 4 and 6 can be implemented as a separate hardware component or can be an integral part of the arithmetic unit 2.
  • the arithmetic unit 2 may further include a database 8 in which essential parameters of a hydraulic system to be monitored (not shown in FIG. 1) are provided.
  • the database 8 can have information about all hydraulic components of the hydraulic system to be monitored, for example, a complete representation of a hydraulic
  • An equivalent circuit comprising hydraulic components in the form of lines, valves, branches, pumps, actuators, motors and the like.
  • the technical parameters relevant to the device according to the invention essentially comprise thermal parameters which are directed to heat transfer resistances and the like of the hydraulic components, so that the knowledge of a perceived heat flow of an affected hydraulic component and the knowledge of an ambient temperature, the resulting temperature of a discrete fluid volume can be determined ,
  • the database 8 may also contain information about performance parameters of
  • Hydraulic components include, for example, the maximum possible power of a hydraulic pump and its efficiency, thus allowing the calculation of a resulting heat flow due to losses and finally allowing the determination of the temperature of the discrete fluid element. Furthermore, the maximum possible power of a hydraulic pump and its efficiency, thus allowing the calculation of a resulting heat flow due to losses and finally allowing the determination of the temperature of the discrete fluid element. Furthermore, the maximum possible power of a hydraulic pump and its efficiency, thus allowing the calculation of a resulting heat flow due to losses and finally allowing the determination of the temperature of the discrete fluid element. Furthermore, the maximum possible power of a hydraulic pump and its efficiency, thus allowing the calculation of a resulting heat flow due to losses and finally allowing the determination of the temperature of the discrete fluid element. Furthermore, the maximum possible power of a hydraulic pump and its efficiency, thus allowing the calculation of a resulting heat flow due to losses and finally allowing the determination of the temperature of the discrete fluid element. Furthermore, the maximum possible power of a hydraulic pump and its efficiency, thus
  • the temperature determination device 6 could be configured to perform a component-by-numerical simulation of the hydraulic system to be observed. This means that a simulation environment is provided in the temperature determination device, in which the simulation of
  • Hydraulic components in linear or non-linear form takes place.
  • an interpolation can also take place from a multi-dimensional data set which represents characteristic curves recorded by experimental measurements.
  • the essential hydraulic components are driven by electrical analog or digital signals which could also be routed to the arithmetic unit 2 for use by the simulated hydraulic system.
  • the state variables resulting therefrom in the simulated hydraulic system allow the
  • Temperature determining device 6 determine the resulting temperatures of the individual hydraulic components.
  • An interface device 10 could be used to transmit these control signals to the simulated hydraulic system.
  • Component-by-component simulation of the hydraulic system to be monitored based on measurements based on measurements of the real hydraulic system it would be useful to have a plurality of temperature sensors 12 on the hydraulic system to be monitored at different, essential
  • a reservoir In a reservoir is usually a fairly large proportion of the total existing hydraulic fluid to be monitored hydraulic system. In all subsequent pipelines connected to the reservoir, the temperature is changed substantially linearly in dependence on the ambient temperature of the hydraulic system, for example the temperature of the hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic line following a reservoir falls linearly downwards in a cooler environment.
  • Temperatures are to be expected.
  • the aim is therefore to arrange the temperature sensors 12 in such a procedure at the most important and relevant locations within the hydraulic system, in which, for example, the highest temperatures are to be expected and / or the largest hydraulic fluid volume.
  • the temperatures of the discrete fluid volumes in downstream hydraulic components can be determined by means of the
  • Temperature determining device 6 are supplemented.
  • the aging determining device 4 is with the
  • Temperature determination device 6 is connected and is adapted to determine the aging of a discrete fluid volume based on the temperature of this respective fluid volume, by the maximum expected life L max of the hydraulic fluid at the determined temperature of the discrete fluid volume V k via a
  • This aging increment can be determined for all m discrete fluid volumes. For an observation period, this is followed by an aging increment of the entire hydraulic fluid:
  • stationary operation is to be expected in a hydraulic system to be monitored, in which stationary temperatures are set in the individual hydraulic components, measurements are only necessary in relatively coarse distances, so that the observation periods At m can be selected to be correspondingly large.
  • the ambient temperature of essential parts of the hydraulic system is to be regarded as stable, the loads in the hydraulic system are to be regarded as constant and accordingly the expected temperatures of the discrete volumes of fluid must be considered as constant over very long periods of time.
  • the observation periods should be reduced to a reasonable level, especially when approaching with continuously increasing ambient temperature and continuous control movements and when ascending to cruising altitude with continuously decreasing ambient temperature and possibly steady control movements.
  • the arithmetic unit 2 could also have a memory unit 14 with which data can be stored temporarily or permanently, which can be used for the operation of the arithmetic unit 2
  • the arithmetic unit 2 can have a further interface 16, with which the aging of the hydraulic fluid can be communicated to other systems and display units.
  • FIG. 2 an exemplary hydraulic system 18 is shown, which is a
  • Hydraulikfiüsstechnik sets that can be monitored with a device according to the invention with a computing unit 2 with respect to aging.
  • the hydraulic system 18 includes a reservoir 20, a pump 22 and a pump 24 communicating with consumers 26.
  • Temperature sensors 12 used to overheat conditions during
  • these temperature sensors 12 are located on the reservoir 20, on drain lines 28 and 30 of pumps 22 and 24 or on leakage lines 32 and 34 of the pumps 22 and 24, for example in downstream filters 36, 38, 40 and 42. Accordingly, for example, in the hydraulic system 18 shown three different
  • Heat load behavior can be simulated to determine the discrete fluid volumes of the hydraulic fluid contained therein in their temperature.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a plurality of temperature profiles shown in a common diagram, which are determined for exemplary hydraulic components and are shown one above the other as a function of different ambient temperatures.
  • the top line 44 in the drawing plane begins at a line length of 0 meters and a fluid temperature of 110 ° C.
  • a pump could be arranged in which electric power is converted into hydraulic power and, due to the limited efficiency of such an arrangement, a relatively high fluid temperature is created.
  • this curve 44 is for an ambient temperature of 55 ° C, which corresponds to a hot day on the ground.
  • each hydraulic component causes a characteristic temperature profile, which is of the type
  • Pipe length give heat or absorb heat, depending on the temperature gradient between the temperature of the hydraulic fluid and the
  • Hydraulic system 18 represents one of the highest temperatures. Heat exchangers cause a sudden heat dissipation or inflow, resulting in a sudden temperature change. With these assumptions, the arithmetic unit 2 and in particular the
  • Temperature determination unit 6 is able, with relatively simple numerical models of hydraulic components as a function of a few measured temperatures within a hydraulic system 18, the fluid temperatures of to determine different discrete fluid volumes, allowing for a
  • FIG. 4 shows four different diagrams on top of each other, the top graph depending on the flight time in minutes indicates the altitude, the diagram below the ambient temperature, the diagram below the temperature within the hydraulic reservoir and the graph below shows the percent aging.
  • a taxiing phase 56 in which the altitude is 0, the ambient temperature is 55 ° C in a first example and 0 ° C in a second example. Accordingly, during the taxiing phase 56, the reservoir temperature of the hydraulic fluid could slowly increase from 55 ° C or from 0 ° C to a higher value, initially resulting in a significant increase in percent aging.
  • the ambient temperature drops to approximately 0 ° C. in the first example and to approximately -50 ° C. in the second example and remains substantially constant during the cruise phase 60.
  • the aging has a weaker slope during the rising phase 58, the derivative of the aging curve is essentially 0.
  • a descent phase 62 In a descent phase 62, a hold phase 64, an approach phase 66 and a subsequent taxiing phase 68, the ambient temperature, the hydraulic reservoir temperature, slowly rises but essentially constant. Even the aging changes only slightly, the derivation of the aging curve could already be slightly negative.
  • Hydraulic fluid is a different aging curve, so that, for example, a type V fluid ages less than a type IV fluid.
  • FIG. 5 shows an inventive method for determining the aging state of a hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic system of a vehicle.
  • Essential steps of this method are to componentally determine the temperature of a discrete fluid volume within a hydraulic component 70. This may include measuring 72 at least one temperature of discrete fluid volume in at least one hydraulic component and performing 74 a thermal simulation of the discrete fluid volume within at least one hydraulic component whose temperature can not be measured. This could be the calculation 76 of a fluid outlet temperature in FIG.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the generation 78 of an observation period as a function of an operating state of the vehicle. In a discontinuous
  • Aging increments of all discrete fluid volumes are summarized 82. Determining the temperature is performed for all hydraulic components of the respective hydraulic system so that all discrete fluid volumes within the entire hydraulic system are taken into account and all temperatures of all discrete hydraulic fluid volumes are determined at the particular observation period.
  • FIG. 6 shows an aircraft 84 equipped with at least one device for detecting the aging condition of a hydraulic fluid of a hydraulic system of the aircraft.
  • “having” does not exclude other elements or steps, and “a” or “an” does not exclude a multitude, and it should be noted that features that are described with reference to any of the above

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant de déterminer le vieillissement d'un liquide hydraulique dans un système hydraulique comportant plusieurs éléments hydrauliques, ledit dispositif comportant au moins un dispositif de détermination de la température (6) et au moins un dispositif de détermination du vieillissement (4). Le dispositif de détermination de la température (6) détermine la température respective de chaque volume fluidique discret du liquide hydraulique dans le système hydraulique et le dispositif de détermination du vieillissement (4) détermine sur cette base une augmentation du vieillissement. Le dispositif de détermination de la température (6) exécute de préférence une simulation thermique numérique par élément en déterminant au moins une température d'au moins un élément hydraulique du système hydraulique, ladite simulation étant assistée par des mesures de la température des différents éléments hydrauliques au moyen de capteurs de température (12).
EP11719779A 2010-04-20 2011-04-20 Dispositif et procédé permettant de déterminer l'état de vieillissement d'un liquide hydraulique dans le système hydraulique d'un véhicule Withdrawn EP2561237A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32590910P 2010-04-20 2010-04-20
DE102010015636A DE102010015636A1 (de) 2010-04-20 2010-04-20 Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Feststellen des Alterungszustands einer Hydraulikflüssigkeit eines Hydrauliksystems eines Fahrzeugs
PCT/EP2011/056316 WO2011131716A1 (fr) 2010-04-20 2011-04-20 Dispositif et procédé permettant de déterminer l'état de vieillissement d'un liquide hydraulique dans le système hydraulique d'un véhicule

Publications (1)

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EP2561237A1 true EP2561237A1 (fr) 2013-02-27

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EP11719779A Withdrawn EP2561237A1 (fr) 2010-04-20 2011-04-20 Dispositif et procédé permettant de déterminer l'état de vieillissement d'un liquide hydraulique dans le système hydraulique d'un véhicule

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US8874307B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2561237A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102859206B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010015636A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011131716A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102859206A (zh) 2013-01-02
CN102859206B (zh) 2016-05-25
US8874307B2 (en) 2014-10-28
WO2011131716A1 (fr) 2011-10-27
US20130096770A1 (en) 2013-04-18
DE102010015636A1 (de) 2011-10-20

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