EP2559617A2 - Rudder arrangement for a watercraft - Google Patents

Rudder arrangement for a watercraft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2559617A2
EP2559617A2 EP12179354A EP12179354A EP2559617A2 EP 2559617 A2 EP2559617 A2 EP 2559617A2 EP 12179354 A EP12179354 A EP 12179354A EP 12179354 A EP12179354 A EP 12179354A EP 2559617 A2 EP2559617 A2 EP 2559617A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rudder
rudder stock
stock
fastening component
watercraft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12179354A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2559617A3 (en
EP2559617B1 (en
Inventor
Dipl. Ing. Arne Ahlström
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH
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Publication of EP2559617A2 publication Critical patent/EP2559617A2/en
Publication of EP2559617A3 publication Critical patent/EP2559617A3/en
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Publication of EP2559617B1 publication Critical patent/EP2559617B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/14—Control of attitude or depth
    • B63G8/20—Steering equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/52—Parts for steering not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rudder device for a watercraft with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Spade rudders generally have a rudder shaft mounted inside a watercraft in a sliding bearing on which a trapezoidal, semi-elliptical or elliptical rudder blade is arranged on the outside of the watercraft.
  • rudder shafts made of fiber composite material with a steel end piece and a raceway Another disadvantage of rudder shafts made of fiber composite material with a steel end piece and a raceway is the fact that the race must be arranged due to the end of the rudder stock forming end piece with a relatively large distance from the end of the rudder stock, although the storage of the rudder stock ideally should take place in the interior of the vessel arranged end of the rudder stock.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a rudder device with a formed of fiber composite rudder stock of a Spatenruders, which does not have the disadvantages described above.
  • the rudder device according to the invention for a watercraft has a spade rudder with a rudder shaft guided through the outer wall of the watercraft.
  • a preferably made of a fiber composite rudder blade is arranged on the outside of the vessel located portion of the rudder stock.
  • the rudder stock is also made of a fiber composite material, For example, made of glass or carbon fiber reinforced plastic and preferably hollow to save weight.
  • the rudder stock is mounted in a slide bearing and there, ie also within the vessel with a pivotable about a longitudinal axis of the rudder shank rudder lever motion coupled.
  • the plain bearing is a radial bearing.
  • a fixing member for the rudder lever is arranged at the arranged within the vessel end of the rudder stock, which simultaneously forms a part of the sliding bearing.
  • the fastening component is rotatably connected to the rudder stock.
  • the torque introduction into the rudder shaft takes place at this fastening component via the rudder lever connected to the fastening component, but on the other hand, the fastening component also forms the contact surface with a rigid outer bearing bush of the plain bearing in the watercraft. In this way, the previously arranged on the outside of the rudder stock separate race for sliding bearing is no longer required.
  • both the torque introduction into the rudder stock and the storage of the rudder stock take place in the immediate vicinity of the end of the rudder stock arranged inside the vessel.
  • This allows a very compact design of the rudder device according to the invention and makes them particularly suitable for use in a submarine, in which the rudder devices can be used as a rudder, with the exception of the rudder blade usually in the comparatively narrow space between the pressure hull of the submarine and an outside of the Pressure body arranged outer skin are arranged.
  • the fastening component is expediently formed from a material which, on the one hand, has good strength properties and, on the other hand has good storage properties.
  • the fastening member is formed of steel.
  • the surrounding the fastening component running surfaces of the bearing bushes can in a known manner z. B. of sintered metals, ceramics, graphite or plastic.
  • the fastening component can be connected to the rudder stock by means of an adhesive bond. Consequently, the rudder stock and the fastening component have at least one common, as large as possible contact zone, in which they are connected to one another by means of a suitable adhesive cohesively.
  • the fastening component with the rudder shank by means of positive locking elements, such. B. rivets, pins or screws to connect.
  • positive locking elements such. B. rivets, pins or screws to connect.
  • recesses and / or openings are expediently provided both on the fastening component and on the rudder stock, wherein a form-locking element simultaneously engages in a recess or opening formed on the fastening component and in a recess or opening formed on the rudder stock.
  • the fastening component is glued to the rudder stock, wherein the adhesive bond of fastening member and rudder stock is additionally secured with form-fitting elements of the above-mentioned type.
  • the fastening component advantageously has a fitting on which the rudder lever is fixed in a form-fitting manner.
  • This fitting is preferably formed on the fastening component in an area in extension of the rudder stock, ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rudder stock behind the end of the rudder stock, where it expediently projects coaxially with the rudder stock.
  • the rudder stock can be flanged to the fitting.
  • the fitting is formed by a projection with a non-rotationally symmetrical and preferably polygonal cross section, which protrudes at an end face remote from the rudder stock of the fastening part.
  • This projection advantageously engages in a recess or opening formed on the rudder lever, the cross section of which corresponds to the cross section of the projection. In this way, the rudder lever is fixed positively in its pivoting direction on the fastening component.
  • At least one end portion of the rudder stock disposed within the watercraft is hollow.
  • a complementary to the cross section of the rudder shank annular groove is formed on the fastening member into which the rudder shank engages.
  • an outer wall delimiting the annular groove and an inner wall of the fastening component bounding the annular groove and the rudder stock each have at least one aperture corresponding to their position and cross section for receiving a positive locking element.
  • the apertures, which are formed on the outer and inner walls delimiting the annular groove, extend in the radial direction through the fastening component.
  • the at least one opening formed on the rudder shaft also extends radially through the rudder stock.
  • Fig. 1 shows an outer skin portion of a submarine with an outer skin 2, which is arranged on the outside spaced from a pressure body of the submarine, not shown.
  • an opening 4 is formed on the outer skin 2.
  • a pipe 6 leads into the space between the outer skin 2 and the pressure hull of the submarine.
  • the tube 6 forms a rudder trunk for a in Fig. 1 Dashed rudder shaft 8 a spade rudder of a rudder 10.
  • the Rudder shaft 8 is formed of a fiber composite material.
  • the rudder stock 8 is integrally connected to the rudder blade 12 by means of an adhesive bond.
  • a radial sliding bearing 14 and at the opposite end of the tube 6 is arranged in the tube 6 in a leading through the opening 4 of the outer skin end portion.
  • a further radial sliding bearing 16 is arranged at the area located in the bearing bush of the sliding bearing 14 of the rudder stock 8 .
  • the bearing of the rudder stock 8 takes place by a fastening member 18 attached to the end of the rudder stock 8 facing away from the rudder blade 12.
  • the bearing bushes of the plain bearings 14 and 16 are preferably made of plastic.
  • the fastening member 18 is formed of steel. It has a cylindrical portion 20 whose outer diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the bearing bush of the sliding bearing 16.
  • the section 20 of the fastening component 18 forms a part of the sliding bearing 16.
  • Formed on an end face 22 of the section 20 is a projection 24 which extends in the direction of a longitudinal axis A of the fastening component 18.
  • the projection 24 has a substantially rectangular cross-section, wherein the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the portion 20 of the fastening component 18.
  • annular groove 34 running around the entire circumference of the shoulder 30 is formed on the shoulder 30.
  • the outer diameter of the annular groove 34 substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the rudder stock 8 in its cylindrical portion and its width substantially the wall thickness of the rudder stock 8.
  • the rudder stock 8 engages in the annular groove 34, wherein it on its outer circumferential surface with a over the entire circumference extending adhesive layer 36 is provided and is connected to the fastening component 18 cohesively.
  • apertures 38 are uniformly distributed over the outer circumference of the portion 20, which extends from the outer periphery of the portion 20 radially through an outer wall 40 bounding the annular groove 34 and by an inner wall 42 delimiting the annular groove 34 on the inside extend to the aperture 26.
  • openings 38 8 correspond to the openings 38 8 eight openings 44 are formed on the rudder stock, which extend radially through the outer wall of the rudder stock 8.
  • the rudder shaft 8 engages in the annular groove 32 of the fastening component 18 such that the perforations 44 formed on it are aligned with the openings 38 formed on the section 20, so that the openings 38 and 44 each form a common opening.
  • positive locking elements in the form of pins are used in the drawing, so that the fastening component 18 is fixed in addition to the adhesive bond and form-fitting manner to the rudder stock 18.
  • the formed on the fastening member 18 projection 24 has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
  • the projection 24 serves as a fitting for a rudder lever 46 fastened to the fastening component 18 (FIG. Fig. 1 ).
  • the rudder lever 46 is pivotable about the longitudinal axis A of the fastening component 18 by means of a linear drive, not shown in the drawing, which is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. It has an opening whose cross section corresponds to the cross section of the projection 24. In this opening of the rudder lever 46 engages the projection 24 of the fastening member 18, whereby the rudder lever 46 is positively connected in its pivoting direction with the fastening member 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The rudder device (10) has a spade rudder which is supported by the outer wall of the watercraft. A rudder shaft (8) formed from a composite fiber is mounted in a sliding bearing (16) within the watercraft. A rudder lever (46) is more swingable about a longitudinal axis of the rudder shaft. A fixing component (18) for rudder lever is arranged at the end of rudder shaft within the watercraft, to form portion of the sliding bearing.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Rudervorrichtung für ein Wasserfahrzeug mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a rudder device for a watercraft with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Den Ausgangspunkt der Erfindung bilden Rudervorrichtungen mit einem Spatenruder. Spatenruder weisen in der Regel einen innerhalb eines Wasserfahrzeugs in einem Gleitlager gelagerten Ruderschaft auf, an dem außenseitig des Wasserfahrzeugs ein trapezförmiges, halbelliptisches oder elliptisches Ruderblatt angeordnet ist.The starting point of the invention are rudder devices with a spade rudder. Spade rudders generally have a rudder shaft mounted inside a watercraft in a sliding bearing on which a trapezoidal, semi-elliptical or elliptical rudder blade is arranged on the outside of the watercraft.

Es sind sowohl aus Stahl als auch aus Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildete Ruderschäfte bekannt. Ruderschäfte aus Faserverbundwerkstoff zeichnen sich durch ihr vergleichsweise geringes Gewicht aus. Werden diese Ruderschäfte aber in größeren Rudervorrichtungen und insbesondere in Rudervorrichtungen, bei denen das Ruder mittels eines Linearantriebs über einen an dem Ruderschaft befestigten Ruderhebel verstellt wird, eingesetzt, ist der Ruderschaft konstruktiv aufwendig mit einem metallischen, vorzugsweise aus Stahl ausgebildeten Endstück ausgestattet, an dem die verhältnismäßig großen Drehmomente in den Ruderschaft eingeleitet werden. Dieses Endstück bildet dann das von dem Ruderblatt abgewandte Ende des Ruderschaftes.There are known both steel and fiber composite rudder shafts known. Rowing shafts made of fiber composite material are characterized by their comparatively low weight. However, if these rudder stems are used in larger rudder devices and in particular in rudder devices in which the rudder is adjusted by means of a linear drive via a rudder lever attached to the rudder stock, the rudder stock is structurally elaborately equipped with a metallic end piece, preferably made of steel, on which the relatively large torques are introduced into the rudder stock. This tail then forms the end remote from the rudder blade of the rudder stock.

Da eine direkte Lagerung des Ruderschaftes in dem erforderlichen Gleitlager mit einem erheblichen Verschleiß des Ruderschaftes verbunden wäre, ist es erforderlich, den Ruderschaft in dem Bereich, in dem er durch das Gleitlager geführt ist, außenseitig mit einem Laufring aus einem Lagermaterial auszustatten. Sowohl das Erfordernis eines stählernen Endstücks als auch eines Lagerings machen die Herstellung eines Ruderschaftes aus Faserverbundwerkstoff gegenüber der Herstellung eines Ruderschaftes aus Stahl, bei dem es sich um ein einfaches Schmiedeteil handeln kann, aufwendig und damit kostspielig.Since a direct bearing of the rudder stock in the required slide bearing would be associated with significant wear of the rudder stock, it is necessary to provide the rudder stock in the area in which it is guided by the slide bearing, on the outside with a raceway made of a bearing material. Both the requirement of a steel Endstücks as well as a bearing ring make the production of a rudder stock of fiber composite compared to the production of a steel rudder stock, which may be a simple forging, consuming and thus costly.

Ein weiterer Nachteil von Ruderschäften aus Faserverbundwerkstoff mit einem stählernen Endstück und einem Laufring ist darin zu sehen, dass der Laufring aufgrund des das Ende des Ruderschaftes bildenden Endstücks mit vergleichsweise großem Abstand von dem Ende des Ruderschaftes angeordnet sein muss, obwohl die Lagerung des Ruderschaftes idealerweise an dem im Inneren des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordneten Ende des Ruderschaftes erfolgen sollte.Another disadvantage of rudder shafts made of fiber composite material with a steel end piece and a raceway is the fact that the race must be arranged due to the end of the rudder stock forming end piece with a relatively large distance from the end of the rudder stock, although the storage of the rudder stock ideally should take place in the interior of the vessel arranged end of the rudder stock.

Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rudervorrichtung mit einem aus Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildeten Ruderschaft eines Spatenruders zu schaffen, die die oben beschriebenen Nachteile nicht aufweist.Against this background, the invention has for its object to provide a rudder device with a formed of fiber composite rudder stock of a Spatenruders, which does not have the disadvantages described above.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Rudervorrichtung mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dieser Rudervorrichtung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie der Zeichnung. Hierbei können gemäß der Erfindung die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Merkmale jeweils für sich, aber auch in geeigneter Kombination die erfindungsgemäße Lösung nach Anspruch 1 weiter ausgestalten.This object is achieved by a rudder device with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of this rudder device will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings. In this case, according to the invention, the features specified in the dependent claims in each case, but also in a suitable combination, the inventive solution according to claim 1 further.

Die erfindungsgemäße Rudervorrichtung für ein Wasserfahrzeug weist ein Spatenruder mit einem durch die Außenwandung des Wasserfahrzeugs geführten Ruderschaft auf. In üblicher Weise ist an dem außenseitig des Wasserfahrzeugs befindlichen Abschnitt des Ruderschaftes ein vorzugsweise aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildetes Ruderblatt angeordnet. Der Ruderschaft ist ebenfalls aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff, beispielsweise aus glas- oder kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff und zwecks Gewichtseinsparung bevorzugt hohl ausgebildet. Innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs ist der Ruderschaft in einem Gleitlager gelagert und dort, d.h. ebenfalls innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs mit einem um eine Längsachse des Ruderschaftes schwenkbaren Ruderhebel bewegungsgekoppelt. Bei dem Gleitlager handelt es sich um ein Radiallager.The rudder device according to the invention for a watercraft has a spade rudder with a rudder shaft guided through the outer wall of the watercraft. In the usual way, a preferably made of a fiber composite rudder blade is arranged on the outside of the vessel located portion of the rudder stock. The rudder stock is also made of a fiber composite material, For example, made of glass or carbon fiber reinforced plastic and preferably hollow to save weight. Within the vessel, the rudder stock is mounted in a slide bearing and there, ie also within the vessel with a pivotable about a longitudinal axis of the rudder shank rudder lever motion coupled. The plain bearing is a radial bearing.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist an dem innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordneten Ende des Ruderschaftes ein Befestigungsbauteil für den Ruderhebel angeordnet, das gleichzeitig einen Teil des Gleitlagers bildet. Das Befestigungsbauteil ist drehfest mit dem Ruderschaft verbunden. Einerseits erfolgt an diesem Befestigungsbauteil die Drehmomenteinleitung in den Ruderschaft über den mit dem Befestigungsbauteil verbundenen Ruderhebel, andererseits bildet das Befestigungsbauteil aber auch die Kontaktfläche zu einer in dem Wasserfahrzeug starr angeordneten äußeren Lagerbuchse des Gleitlagers. Auf diese Weise ist der bislang außenseitig des Ruderschaftes angeordnete separate Laufring zur Gleitlagerung nicht mehr erforderlich. Weiter vorteilhaft erfolgen sowohl die Drehmomenteinleitung in den Ruderschaft als auch die Lagerung des Ruderschaftes in unmittelbarer Nähe des innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordneten Endes des Ruderschaftes. Dies ermöglicht eine sehr kompakte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Rudervorrichtung und macht sie insbesondere zum Einsatz in einem Unterseeboot geeignet, bei dem die Rudervorrichtungen als Tiefenruder verwendet werden können, die mit Ausnahme des Ruderblattes üblicherweise in dem vergleichsweise beengten Zwischenraum zwischen dem Druckkörper des Unterseeboots und einer außenseitig des Druckkörpers angeordneten Außenhaut angeordnet sind.According to the invention, a fixing member for the rudder lever is arranged at the arranged within the vessel end of the rudder stock, which simultaneously forms a part of the sliding bearing. The fastening component is rotatably connected to the rudder stock. On the one hand, the torque introduction into the rudder shaft takes place at this fastening component via the rudder lever connected to the fastening component, but on the other hand, the fastening component also forms the contact surface with a rigid outer bearing bush of the plain bearing in the watercraft. In this way, the previously arranged on the outside of the rudder stock separate race for sliding bearing is no longer required. Further advantageously, both the torque introduction into the rudder stock and the storage of the rudder stock take place in the immediate vicinity of the end of the rudder stock arranged inside the vessel. This allows a very compact design of the rudder device according to the invention and makes them particularly suitable for use in a submarine, in which the rudder devices can be used as a rudder, with the exception of the rudder blade usually in the comparatively narrow space between the pressure hull of the submarine and an outside of the Pressure body arranged outer skin are arranged.

Das Befestigungsbauteil ist zweckmäßigerweise aus einem Material ausgebildet, welches einerseits gute Festigkeitseigenschaften und andererseits gute Lagereigenschaften aufweist. Bevorzugt ist das Befestigungsbauteil aus Stahl ausgebildet. Die das Befestigungsbauteil umgebenden Laufflächen der Lagerbuchsen können in bekannter Weise z. B. aus Sintermetallen, Keramik, Graphit oder Kunststoff ausgebildet sein.The fastening component is expediently formed from a material which, on the one hand, has good strength properties and, on the other hand has good storage properties. Preferably, the fastening member is formed of steel. The surrounding the fastening component running surfaces of the bearing bushes can in a known manner z. B. of sintered metals, ceramics, graphite or plastic.

Vorteilhaft kann das Befestigungsbauteil mit dem Ruderschaft mittels einer Klebverbindung verbunden sein. Demzufolge weisen der Ruderschaft und das Befestigungsbauteil zumindest eine gemeinsame, möglichst großflächige Kontaktzone auf, in der sie mittels eines geeigneten Klebstoffs stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind.Advantageously, the fastening component can be connected to the rudder stock by means of an adhesive bond. Consequently, the rudder stock and the fastening component have at least one common, as large as possible contact zone, in which they are connected to one another by means of a suitable adhesive cohesively.

Daneben kann es auch zweckmäßig sein, das Befestigungsbauteil mit dem Ruderschaft mittels Formschlusselementen, wie z. B. Niete, Stifte oder Passschrauben zu verbinden. Hierzu sind zweckmäßigerweise sowohl an dem Befestigungsbauteil als auch an dem Ruderschaft Ausnehmungen und/oder Durchbrechungen vorzusehen, wobei ein Formschlusselement gleichzeitig in eine an dem Befestigungsbauteil ausgebildete Ausnehmung oder Durchbrechung und in eine an dem Ruderschaft ausgebildete Ausnehmung oder Durchbrechung eingreift. Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Ausgestaltung, bei der das Befestigungsbauteil mit dem Ruderschaft verklebt ist, wobei die Klebverbindung von Befestigungsbauteil und Ruderschaft mit Formschlusselementen oben genannter Art zusätzlich gesichert wird.In addition, it may also be appropriate, the fastening component with the rudder shank by means of positive locking elements, such. B. rivets, pins or screws to connect. For this purpose, recesses and / or openings are expediently provided both on the fastening component and on the rudder stock, wherein a form-locking element simultaneously engages in a recess or opening formed on the fastening component and in a recess or opening formed on the rudder stock. Particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the fastening component is glued to the rudder stock, wherein the adhesive bond of fastening member and rudder stock is additionally secured with form-fitting elements of the above-mentioned type.

Das Befestigungsbauteil weist vorteilhaft einen Beschlag auf, an dem der Ruderhebel formschlüssig festgelegt ist. Dieser Beschlag ist vorzugsweise an dem Befestigungsbauteil in einem Bereich in Verlängerung des Ruderschaftes, d. h. in Richtung der Längsachse des Ruderschaftes hinter dem Ende des Ruderschaftes ausgebildet, wo er zweckmäßigerweise achsgleich mit dem Ruderschaft vorsteht. An dem Beschlag kann der Ruderschaft beispielsweise angeflanscht sein.The fastening component advantageously has a fitting on which the rudder lever is fixed in a form-fitting manner. This fitting is preferably formed on the fastening component in an area in extension of the rudder stock, ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rudder stock behind the end of the rudder stock, where it expediently projects coaxially with the rudder stock. For example, the rudder stock can be flanged to the fitting.

Bevorzugt wird der Beschlag von einem Vorsprung mit einem nicht rotationssymmetrischen und vorzugsweise polygonen Querschnitt gebildet, der an einer von dem Ruderschaft abgewandten Stirnseite des Befestigungsteils auskragt. Dieser Vorsprung greift vorteilhaft in eine an dem Ruderhebel ausgebildete Ausnehmung bzw. Durchbrechung ein, deren Querschnitt mit dem Querschnitt des Vorsprungs korrespondiert. Auf diese Weise ist der Ruderhebel in seiner Schwenkrichtung formschlüssig an dem Befestigungsbauteil festgelegt.Preferably, the fitting is formed by a projection with a non-rotationally symmetrical and preferably polygonal cross section, which protrudes at an end face remote from the rudder stock of the fastening part. This projection advantageously engages in a recess or opening formed on the rudder lever, the cross section of which corresponds to the cross section of the projection. In this way, the rudder lever is fixed positively in its pivoting direction on the fastening component.

Vorzugsweise ist zumindest ein innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordneter Endabschnitt des Ruderschaftes hohl ausgebildet. Korrespondierend zum Außen- und Innendurchmesser des Ruderschaftes in diesem Endabschnitt, in dem der Ruderschaft zweckmäßigerweise zylindrisch ausgebildet ist, ist an dem Befestigungsbauteil bevorzugt eine zu dem Querschnitt des Ruderschaftes komplementäre Ringnut ausgebildet, in die der Ruderschaft eingreift. Auf diese Weise bildet sowohl die Außenwand des Ruderschaftes als auch dessen Innenwand Kontaktflächen mit dem Befestigungsbauteil, an denen der Ruderschaft mit dem Befestigungsbauteil jeweils mittels einer Klebverbindung verbunden sein kann, was eine besonders sichere Verbindung von Ruderschaft und Befestigungsbauteil gewährleistet.Preferably, at least one end portion of the rudder stock disposed within the watercraft is hollow. Corresponding to the outer and inner diameter of the rudder stock in this end portion, in which the rudder stock is expediently cylindrical, a complementary to the cross section of the rudder shank annular groove is formed on the fastening member into which the rudder shank engages. In this way, both the outer wall of the rudder stock and its inner wall contact surfaces with the fastening component, where the rudder stock can be connected to the fastening component in each case by means of an adhesive bond, which ensures a particularly secure connection of rudder stock and fastening component.

Weiter bevorzugt weisen eine die Ringnut begrenzende Außenwandung und eine die Ringnut begrenzende Innenwandung des Befestigungsbauteils sowie der Ruderschaft jeweils mindestens eine hinsichtlich ihrer Lage und ihres Querschnitts korrespondierende Durchbrechung zur Aufnahme eines Formschlusselementes auf. Die Durchbrechungen, die an den die Ringnut begrenzenden Außen- und Innenwandungen ausgebildet sind, erstrecken sich in radialer Richtung durch das Befestigungsbauteil. Korrespondierend hierzu erstreckt sich auch die zumindest eine an dem Ruderschaft ausgebildete Durchbrechung radial durch den Ruderschaft. Wenn der Ruderschaft in die an dem Befestigungsbauteil ausgebildete Ringnut eingreift und der Ruderschaft in der Ringnut derart ausgerichtet ist, dass die zumindest eine Durchbrechung an der Außenwandung, die zumindest eine Durchbrechung an der Innenwandung und die zumindest eine Durchbrechung an dem Ruderschaft miteinander fluchten, bilden sie gemeinsam einen länglichen Aufnahmeraum für ein Formschlusselement, das den Ruderschaft in Richtung seiner Längsachse an dem Befestigungsbauteil festlegt. In radialer Richtung ist der Ruderschaft an dem Befestigungsbauteil durch Formschluss mit den die Ringnut des Befestigungsbauteils begrenzenden Seitenwänden festgelegt.More preferably, an outer wall delimiting the annular groove and an inner wall of the fastening component bounding the annular groove and the rudder stock each have at least one aperture corresponding to their position and cross section for receiving a positive locking element. The apertures, which are formed on the outer and inner walls delimiting the annular groove, extend in the radial direction through the fastening component. Corresponding to this, the at least one opening formed on the rudder shaft also extends radially through the rudder stock. When the rudder shaft in the on the fastening component trained annular groove and the rudder post is aligned in the annular groove such that the at least one opening on the outer wall, the at least one opening on the inner wall and the at least one opening on the rudder posture aligned with each other, they together form an elongated receiving space for a form-locking element, which fixes the rudder stock in the direction of its longitudinal axis on the fastening component. In the radial direction of the rudder stock is fixed to the fastening component by positive engagement with the side walls bounding the annular groove of the fastening component.

Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
schematisch vereinfacht und teilweise geschnitten dargestellt eine Rudervorrichtung eines Unterseeboots in einer Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
in einer Schnittansicht ein Befestigungsbauteil der Rudervorrichtung nach Fig. 1 und
Fig. 3
das Befestigungsbauteil nach Fig. 2 in einer Draufsicht.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
schematically simplified and partially in section a rudder device of a submarine in a side view,
Fig. 2
in a sectional view of a fastening component of the rudder device according to Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3
the fastening component after Fig. 2 in a top view.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Außenhautbereich eines Unterseeboots mit einer Außenhaut 2, die außenseitig beabstandet von einem nicht dargestellten Druckkörper des Unterseeboots angeordnet ist. An der Außenhaut 2 ist eine Durchbrechung 4 ausgebildet. Durch die Durchbrechung 4 führt ein Rohr 6 in den Zwischenraum zwischen der Außenhaut 2 und dem Druckkörper des Unterseeboots. Fig. 1 shows an outer skin portion of a submarine with an outer skin 2, which is arranged on the outside spaced from a pressure body of the submarine, not shown. On the outer skin 2, an opening 4 is formed. Through the opening 4 a pipe 6 leads into the space between the outer skin 2 and the pressure hull of the submarine.

Das Rohr 6 bildet einen Ruderkoker für einen in Fig. 1 gestrichelt dargestellten Ruderschaft 8 eines Spatenruders einer Rudervorrichtung 10. Der Ruderschaft 8 ist aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildet. An einem außenseitig der Außenhaut 2 angeordneten Abschnitt des Ruderschaftes 8 ist ein ebenfalls aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildetes Ruderblatt 12 angeordnet. Hierbei greift der zylindrische Ruderschaft 8, der sich in einem äußeren Endabschnitt konisch verjüngt, in eine an dem Ruderblatt 12 ausgebildete, mit den Abmessungen des Ruderschaftes 8 korrespondierende Durchbrechung ein. Dort ist der Ruderschaft 8 mit dem Ruderblatt 12 stoffschlüssig mittels einer Klebverbindung verbunden.The tube 6 forms a rudder trunk for a in Fig. 1 Dashed rudder shaft 8 a spade rudder of a rudder 10. The Rudder shaft 8 is formed of a fiber composite material. On an outer side of the outer skin 2 arranged portion of the rudder stock 8 a likewise formed of a fiber composite rudder blade 12 is arranged. In this case, the cylindrical rudder stock 8, which tapers conically in an outer end portion, engages in a formed on the rudder blade 12, with the dimensions of the rudder stock 8 corresponding opening. There, the rudder stock 8 is integrally connected to the rudder blade 12 by means of an adhesive bond.

In dem Rohr 6 ist der Ruderschaft 8 drehbeweglich gelagert. Hierzu sind in dem Rohr 6 in einem durch die Durchbrechung 4 der Außenhaut führenden Endabschnitt ein radiales Gleitlager 14 und an dem hiervon abgewandten Ende des Rohres 6 ein weiteres radiales Gleitlager 16 angeordnet. An dem in der Lagerbuchse des Gleitlagers 14 befindlichen Bereich ist der Ruderschaft 8 mit einer metallischen Ummantelung versehen. In der Lagerbuchse des Gleitlagers 16 erfolgt die Lagerung des Ruderschaftes 8 durch ein an dem von dem Ruderblatt 12 abgewandten Ende des Ruderschaftes 8 befestigtes Befestigungsbauteil 18. Die Lagerbuchsen der Gleitlager 14 und 16 sind bevorzugt aus Kunststoff ausgebildet.In the tube 6 of the rudder stock 8 is mounted rotatably. For this purpose, in the tube 6 in a leading through the opening 4 of the outer skin end portion, a radial sliding bearing 14 and at the opposite end of the tube 6, a further radial sliding bearing 16 is arranged. At the area located in the bearing bush of the sliding bearing 14 of the rudder stock 8 is provided with a metallic sheath. In the bearing bush of the sliding bearing 16, the bearing of the rudder stock 8 takes place by a fastening member 18 attached to the end of the rudder stock 8 facing away from the rudder blade 12. The bearing bushes of the plain bearings 14 and 16 are preferably made of plastic.

Das Befestigungsbauteil 18 ist aus Stahl ausgebildet. Es weist einen zylindrischen Abschnitt 20 auf, dessen Außendurchmesser mit dem Innendurchmesser der Lagerbuchse des Gleitlagers 16 korrespondiert. Der Abschnitt 20 des Befestigungsbauteils 18 bildet einen Teil des Gleitlagers 16. An einer Stirnseite 22 des Abschnitts 20 ist ein Vorsprung 24 ausgebildet, der sich in Richtung einer Längsachse A des Befestigungsbauteils 18 erstreckt. Der Vorsprung 24 weist einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf, wobei die Querschnittsfläche kleiner als diejenige des Abschnitts 20 des Befestigungsbauteils 18 ist.The fastening member 18 is formed of steel. It has a cylindrical portion 20 whose outer diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the bearing bush of the sliding bearing 16. The section 20 of the fastening component 18 forms a part of the sliding bearing 16. Formed on an end face 22 of the section 20 is a projection 24 which extends in the direction of a longitudinal axis A of the fastening component 18. The projection 24 has a substantially rectangular cross-section, wherein the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the portion 20 of the fastening component 18.

An dem Befestigungsbauteil 18 ist eine Durchbrechung 26 ausgebildet, die sich in Richtung der Längsachse A durch das gesamte Befestigungsbauteil 18 erstreckt. Ausgehend von einer Stirnseite 28 des Abschnitts 20 verjüngt sich die Durchbrechung 26 unter Bildung eines ersten Absatzes 30 und eines nachfolgenden Absatzes 32.An opening 26, which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis A through the entire fastening component 18, is formed on the fastening component 18. Starting from a front side 28 of the section 20, the opening 26 tapers to form a first step 30 and a subsequent paragraph 32nd

Radial außenseitig ist an dem Absatz 30 eine um den gesamten Umfang des Absatzes 30 verlaufende Ringnut 34 ausgebildet. Der Außendurchmesser der Ringnut 34 entspricht im Wesentlichen dem Außendurchmesser des Ruderschaftes 8 in dessen zylindrischen Abschnitt und ihre Breite im Wesentlichen der Wandstärke des Ruderschaftes 8. Der Ruderschaft 8 greift in die Ringnut 34 ein, wobei er an seiner äußeren Mantelfläche mit einer über den gesamten Umfang verlaufenden Klebschicht 36 versehen ist und so mit dem Befestigungsbauteil 18 stoffschlüssig verbunden ist.Radially on the outside, an annular groove 34 running around the entire circumference of the shoulder 30 is formed on the shoulder 30. The outer diameter of the annular groove 34 substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the rudder stock 8 in its cylindrical portion and its width substantially the wall thickness of the rudder stock 8. The rudder stock 8 engages in the annular groove 34, wherein it on its outer circumferential surface with a over the entire circumference extending adhesive layer 36 is provided and is connected to the fastening component 18 cohesively.

An dem Abschnitt 20 des Befestigungsbauteils 18 sind über den Außenumfang des Abschnitts 20 gleichmäßig verteilt acht Durchbrechungen 38 ausgebildet, die sich ausgehend von dem Außenumfang des Abschnitts 20 radial durch eine die Ringnut 34 außenseitig begrenzende Außenwandung 40 und durch eine die Ringnut 34 innenseitig begrenzende Innenwandung 42 bis zu der Durchbrechung 26 erstrecken.At the portion 20 of the fastening component 18 eight apertures 38 are uniformly distributed over the outer circumference of the portion 20, which extends from the outer periphery of the portion 20 radially through an outer wall 40 bounding the annular groove 34 and by an inner wall 42 delimiting the annular groove 34 on the inside extend to the aperture 26.

Korrespondierend zu den Durchbrechungen 38 sind an dem Ruderschaft 8 acht Durchbrechungen 44 ausgebildet, die sich radial durch die Außenwandung des Ruderschaftes 8 erstrecken. Der Ruderschaft 8 greift so in die Ringnut 32 des Befestigungsbauteils 18 ein, dass die an ihm ausgebildeten Durchbrechungen 44 mit den an dem Abschnitt 20 ausgebildeten Durchbrechungen 38 fluchten, so dass die Durchbrechungen 38 und 44 jeweils eine gemeinsame Durchbrechung bilden. In diese Durchbrechungen werden in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Formschlusselemente in Form von Stiften eingesetzt, so dass das Befestigungsbauteil 18 zusätzlich zu der Klebverbindung auch formschlüssig an dem Ruderschaft 18 festgelegt ist.Corresponding to the openings 38 8 eight openings 44 are formed on the rudder stock, which extend radially through the outer wall of the rudder stock 8. The rudder shaft 8 engages in the annular groove 32 of the fastening component 18 such that the perforations 44 formed on it are aligned with the openings 38 formed on the section 20, so that the openings 38 and 44 each form a common opening. In these openings not shown positive locking elements in the form of pins are used in the drawing, so that the fastening component 18 is fixed in addition to the adhesive bond and form-fitting manner to the rudder stock 18.

Wie Fig. 3 zu entnehmen ist, weist der an dem Befestigungsbauteil 18 ausgebildete Vorsprung 24 einen im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. Der Vorsprung 24 dient als Beschlag für einen an dem Befestigungsbauteil 18 befestigten Ruderhebel 46 (Fig. 1). Der Ruderhebel 46 ist mittels eines in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Linearantriebs, bei dem es sich bevorzugt um einen Hydraulikzylinder handelt, um die Längsachse A des Befestigungsbauteils 18 schwenkbar. Er weist eine Durchbrechung auf, deren Querschnitt mit dem Querschnitt des Vorsprungs 24 korrespondiert. In diese Durchbrechung des Ruderhebels 46 greift der Vorsprung 24 des Befestigungsbauteils 18 ein, wodurch der Ruderhebel 46 in seiner Schwenkrichtung formschlüssig mit dem Befestigungsbauteil 18 verbunden ist.As Fig. 3 can be seen, the formed on the fastening member 18 projection 24 has a substantially rectangular cross-section. The projection 24 serves as a fitting for a rudder lever 46 fastened to the fastening component 18 (FIG. Fig. 1 ). The rudder lever 46 is pivotable about the longitudinal axis A of the fastening component 18 by means of a linear drive, not shown in the drawing, which is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. It has an opening whose cross section corresponds to the cross section of the projection 24. In this opening of the rudder lever 46 engages the projection 24 of the fastening member 18, whereby the rudder lever 46 is positively connected in its pivoting direction with the fastening member 18.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2 -2 -
Außenhautshell
4 -4 -
Durchbrechungperforation
6 -6 -
Rohrpipe
8 -8th -
Ruderschaftrudder
10 -10 -
Rudervorrichtungrudder device
12 -12 -
Ruderblattrudder blade
14 -14 -
Gleitlagerbearings
16 -16 -
Gleitlagerbearings
18 -18 -
Befestigungsbauteilattachment member
20 -20 -
Abschnittsection
22 -22 -
Stirnseitefront
24 -24 -
Vorsprunghead Start
26 -26 -
Durchbrechungperforation
28 -28 -
Stirnseitefront
30 -30 -
Absatzparagraph
32 -32 -
Absatzparagraph
34 -34 -
Ringnutring groove
36 -36 -
Klebschichtadhesive layer
38 -38 -
Durchbrechungperforation
40 -40 -
Außenwandungouter wall
42 -42 -
Innenwandunginner wall
44 -44 -
Durchbrechungperforation
46 -46 -
RuderhebelRuderhebel
A -A -
Längsachselongitudinal axis

Claims (7)

Rudervorrichtung (10) für ein Wasserfahrzeug, mit einem Spatenruder, dessen durch die Außenwandung des Wasserfahrzeugs geführter, aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff ausgebildeter Ruderschaft (8) innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs in einem Gleitlager (16) gelagert ist und dort mit einem um eine Längsachse des Ruderschaftes (8) schwenkbaren Ruderhebel (46) bewegungsgekoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordneten Ende des Ruderschaftes (8) ein Befestigungsbauteil (18) für den Ruderhebel (46) angeordnet ist, welches einen Teil des Gleitlagers (16) bildet.A rudder device (10) for a watercraft, with a rudder rudder, whose rudder stock (8), guided by the outer wall of the watercraft, is mounted within the vessel in a slide bearing (16) and is connected to a rudder shaft (8) around a longitudinal axis of the rudder shaft (8) ) is pivotally coupled to the rudder lever (46), characterized in that at the arranged inside the vessel end of the rudder stock (8) a fastening member (18) for the rudder lever (46) is arranged, which forms a part of the sliding bearing (16). Rudervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Befestigungsbauteil (18) mit dem Ruderschaft (8) mittels einer Klebverbindung verbunden ist.Rowing device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening component (18) with the rudder stock (8) is connected by means of an adhesive bond. Rudervorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Befestigungsbauteil (18) mit dem Ruderschaft (8) mittels Formschlusselementen verbunden ist.Rowing device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening component (18) is connected to the rudder stock (8) by means of positive locking elements. Rudervorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Befestigungsbauteil (18) einen Beschlag aufweist, an welchem der Ruderhebel (46) formschlüssig festgelegt ist.Rudder device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening component (18) has a fitting on which the rudder lever (46) is fixed in a form-fitting manner. Rudervorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Beschlag von einem Vorsprung (24) mit einem nicht rotationssymmetrischen, vorzugsweise polygonen Querschnitt gebildet wird.Rowing device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the fitting of a projection (24) is formed with a non-rotationally symmetrical, preferably polygonal cross-section. Rudervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein innerhalb des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordneter Endabschnitt des Ruderschaftes (8) hohl ausgebildet ist und an dem Befestigungsbauteil (18) eine hierzu komplementäre Ringnut (34) ausgebildet ist, in die der Ruderschaft (8) eingreift.Rowing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one end portion of the rudder stock (8) arranged inside the vessel is hollow and a complementary annular groove (34) is formed on the attachment component (18) into which the rudder stock (8) intervenes. Rudervorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine die Ringnut (34) begrenzende Außenwandung (40) und eine die Ringnut (34) begrenzende Innenwandung (42) des Befestigungsbauteils (18) und der Ruderschaft (8) jeweils mindestens eine hinsichtlich ihrer Lage und ihres Querschnitts korrespondierende Durchbrechung (38, 44) zur Aufnahme eines Formschlusselements aufweisen.Rowing device according to claim 6, characterized in that an annular groove (34) delimiting the outer wall (40) and an annular groove (34) defining the inner wall (42) of the fastening component (18) and the rudder stock (8) each have at least one with respect to their position and have their cross-section corresponding opening (38, 44) for receiving a positive locking element.
EP12179354.1A 2011-08-17 2012-08-06 Rudder arrangement for a watercraft Not-in-force EP2559617B1 (en)

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DE102011110884A DE102011110884A1 (en) 2011-08-17 2011-08-17 Rowing device for a watercraft

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KR20130020605A (en) 2013-02-27
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EP2559617B1 (en) 2018-05-02
DE102011110884A1 (en) 2013-02-21

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