EP2557381A2 - Method for compacting boil off gas - Google Patents

Method for compacting boil off gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2557381A2
EP2557381A2 EP12005618A EP12005618A EP2557381A2 EP 2557381 A2 EP2557381 A2 EP 2557381A2 EP 12005618 A EP12005618 A EP 12005618A EP 12005618 A EP12005618 A EP 12005618A EP 2557381 A2 EP2557381 A2 EP 2557381A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
boil
compressed
ejector
natural gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12005618A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Dr. Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP2557381A2 publication Critical patent/EP2557381A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/036—Treating the boil-off by recovery with heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/60—Expansion by ejector or injector, e.g. "Gasstrahlpumpe", "venturi mixing", "jet pumps"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y10T137/0396—Involving pressure control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for compressing accumulated during the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG) boil-off gas, which is compressed one or more stages and then fed to a further use.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Liquid natural gas is usually stored in flat-bottom tanks from a storage volume of approx. 3000 m 3 . These are operated at a pressure slightly above the ambient pressure, preferably at 100 to 200 mbar overpressure. Gases accumulating in these tanks, in particular end-flash gases, boil-off gases, tank-return gases, are usually compressed for further use, for example as fuel gas, or recycled after their compression into the natural gas to be liquefied. In the simplest case, this compression takes place by means of a cold intake compressor, which works directly at tank pressure.
  • the term "boil-off gas” is to be understood below all gases that accumulate in the gas space of a (LNG) tank above the liquefied natural gas.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for compressing incurred in the storage of liquefied natural gas boil-off gas, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages, in particular allows safe compaction of boil-off gas without the use of a cold aspirating machine.
  • a method for compressing boil-off gas accumulating during the storage of liquefied natural gas is proposed, which is characterized in that the boil-off gas to be compressed experiences an increase in pressure by means of at least one ejector, heats up and reacts. or is compressed in multiple stages, wherein as the propellant gas for the ejector, a partial flow of the compressed Boil-off gas and / or a gas is used whose composition is substantially identical or similar to that of the boil-off gas and / or its mixing with the Boil-off gas does not affect the intended use of the compressed boil-off gas.
  • the inventive method for compressing boil-off gas resulting from the storage of liquefied natural gas allows the extraction and compression of boil-off gas from an LNG or flat bottom tank operated at near atmospheric pressure without the use of a cold intake engine, by pre-compression the boil-off gas is realized by means of an ejector.
  • the procedure according to the invention thus effectively avoids the risk of an oxygen intrusion into a combustible gas.
  • the pressure gain in the ejector is usually at least as large as the pressure drop over the ejector downstream and the compression upstream heater and other system components to be provided, such as, piping and fittings.
  • an ejector eliminates the need for relatively expensive and high-maintenance moving parts in cold operating conditions without the risk of undesirable and dangerous vacuum conditions on the suction side of the hot intake compressor to be provided for compaction.
  • FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment shows a natural gas liquefaction process in which the compressed boil-off gas is supplied again to the natural gas stream A to be liquefied.
  • This natural gas stream A is fed to a liquefaction process E1, which is shown only as a black box.
  • This liquefaction process E1 can be any liquefaction process that serves for the liquefaction and possibly the supercooling of natural gas.
  • the liquefied and optionally supercooled natural gas is withdrawn via line B from the liquefaction process E1 and a storage tank T, which is, for example, a flat-bottom tank supplied.
  • the removal of liquefied natural gas (LNG) from this storage tank T via line 5, which - if necessary - a pump P is assigned.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Boil-off gas accumulating in the storage tank T is drawn off from the storage tank T via line 1 and fed to an ejector Y. Via line 2, this ejector Y, a suitable propellant gas, which will be discussed in more detail below, fed.
  • the boil-off gas to be compressed experiences a pressure increase in the ejector Y between 50 and 500 mbar, preferably between 100 and 300 mbar.
  • Boil-off gas - is fed via line 3 after heating in the heater E2 the one or more stages boil-off gas compressor V.
  • the boil-off gas 3 to be compressed is warmed by at least 80 K, preferably by at least 160 K, against the compressed boil-off gas stream 4.
  • the boil-off gas compressor V is a compression to a pressure which is determined by the subsequent use of the boil-off gas.
  • the boil-off gas must be compressed at least to the pressure of the natural gas stream A before the liquefaction process E1.
  • the compressed boil-off gas is used as fuel gas, a lower pressure increase may be sufficient, while other uses may require higher compression.
  • the boil-off gas After compression V, the boil-off gas is cooled in a heat exchanger E3 against air or cooling water, provided that the temperature of the boil-off gas after the compression V is high enough for this. This is always the case when warming up to approximately ambient temperature, since the tank temperature is -160 ° C., the boil-off gas to be compressed is preferably warmed by at least 160 K, and the suction temperature of the compressor V is thus higher than 0 ° C is.
  • the compressed boil-off gas 4 after passing through the heater E2, in which it delivers its (residual) heat of compression to the boil-off gas stream 3 to be compressed, is supplied to the natural gas stream A to be liquefied.
  • the compressed boil-off gas 4 to be liquefied natural gas stream A before Feeding in the liquefaction process E1 - represented by the dashed line 4 '- and / or at a suitable temperature level of the liquefaction process E1 - represented by the line 4 - are supplied.
  • a partial stream 2 of the compressed boil-off gas 4 is supplied to the ejector Y as a propellant gas.
  • any gases whose composition is substantially identical or similar to that of the boil-off gas to be compressed and / or whose mixing with the boil-off gas does not impair the intended use of the compressed boil-off gas can be used as propellant gases ,
  • the compressed boil-off gas is to be used as the fuel gas and an air separator is provided in the vicinity of the liquefaction process, a residual flow of this air separator can also be used as the propellant gas for the ejector Y. If a separation of heavy hydrocarbons is integrated in the liquefaction process E1, the separated stream rich in heavy hydrocarbons can also be used as propellant gas, provided that the compressed boil-off gas is not supplied to the natural gas stream A to be liquefied.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP12005618A 2011-08-11 2012-08-02 Method for compacting boil off gas Withdrawn EP2557381A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110110004 DE102011110004A1 (de) 2011-08-11 2011-08-11 Verfahren zum Verdichten von Boil-off-Gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2557381A2 true EP2557381A2 (fr) 2013-02-13

Family

ID=46633989

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12005618A Withdrawn EP2557381A2 (fr) 2011-08-11 2012-08-02 Method for compacting boil off gas

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20130037120A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2557381A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102954667A (fr)
AU (1) AU2012203632A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011110004A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103382930B (zh) * 2013-08-06 2015-06-17 国鸿液化气机械工程（大连）有限公司 一种用常温压缩机处理低温气体的系统
DE102014015987A1 (de) * 2014-10-28 2016-04-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Boil-Off-Gas-Management an Wasserstoff-Tankstellen
CN104806879A (zh) * 2015-04-22 2015-07-29 四川金科深冷设备工程有限公司 Lng加气站bog回收系统
DE102015009562A1 (de) * 2015-07-23 2017-01-26 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Gasprodukts
CN107560317A (zh) 2016-06-30 2018-01-09 通用电气公司 用于生产液化天然气的系统和方法
CN106288478A (zh) * 2016-09-28 2017-01-04 中国海洋石油总公司 一种用于常温天然气引射液化天然气低温蒸发气的引射器
JP6347003B1 (ja) * 2017-01-25 2018-06-20 デウ シップビルディング アンド マリン エンジニアリング カンパニー リミテッド Ｌｎｇ船の蒸発ガス再液化方法及びシステム
US20210270525A1 (en) * 2020-02-28 2021-09-02 IMI Japan KK Liquefied natural gas recondensation system and related methodology
CN112344207B (zh) * 2020-10-12 2021-12-31 华中科技大学 一种基于引射混压的液氢和高压气氢联合加氢系统

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US6658892B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2003-12-09 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Processes and systems for liquefying natural gas

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US3733838A (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-05-22 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co System for reliquefying boil-off vapor from liquefied gas
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US6658892B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2003-12-09 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Processes and systems for liquefying natural gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130037120A1 (en) 2013-02-14
CN102954667A (zh) 2013-03-06
AU2012203632A1 (en) 2013-02-28
DE102011110004A1 (de) 2013-02-14

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