EP2553201A2

EP2553201A2 - Method for producing a horizontally drilled bore hole in the ground and horizontal drilling device

Info

Publication number: EP2553201A2
Application number: EP11714931A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Elmar Koch; Sebastian Fischer; Andreas Joachim Hanses
Original assignee: Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG; GDF Suez SA
Current assignee: Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG; Engie SA
Priority date: 2010-03-31
Filing date: 2011-03-31
Publication date: 2013-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-31
Also published as: PL2728104T3; US9523240B2; EP2553201B1; EP2728104B1; CN102985634B; CN102985634A; ES2784298T3; US20130199851A1; JP6257663B2; WO2011120692A3; JP2013524048A; EP2728104A1; PL2553201T3; WO2011120692A2; ES2533401T3; DE102010013725A1; JP2016075151A; JP5931047B2

Abstract

A method for producing a horizontally drilled bore hole in the ground comprises the following steps: producing a pit having a circular cross-section; lowering a horizontal drilling device into the pit, the horizontal drilling device having a circular cross-section in at least part of the section in which it is positioned once it is lowered into the pit; and producing a horizontally drilled bore hole using the horizontal drilling device.

Description

"Method for creating a horizontal well in the ground and horizontal drilling device"

The invention relates to a method for creating a horizontal well in the ground and a horizontal drilling device for use in such a method.

Horizontal drilling devices are used to bring in trenchless construction supply and disposal lines in the ground or already laid old lines trenchless exchange.

There are a variety of different Horizontalbohrvorrichtungen. Widely used are horizontal drilling devices in which a drill head is initially driven obliquely into the soil by means of a drill pipe and, starting from a drilling carriage positioned on the earth's surface, until the drill head reaches the desired drilling depth. Then the drill head is reversed to the horizontal to introduce the desired horizontal bore. The target point of such a horizontal well may be, for example, in a specially excavated target mine or in a basement room or he may also, i. like the starting point, located on the earth's surface. For this purpose, the drill head is reversed after a certain Bohrfortschritt in an obliquely upward direction to let the drill head to exit again on the earth's surface.

After the boring head has reached the target point, it is often replaced by an expander, such as a conical expander, to recover the drill string when the drill string is withdrawn by the borer carriage

CONFIRMATION COPY (Pilot) bore to widen. It can be provided to attach to the expansion device a newly retracted line to collect these simultaneously with the expansion of the pilot hole in the soil. Horizontal drilling rigs are also used to replace trenchless trenchings buried underground. For this purpose, in a first step, the drill string is pushed by the drill carriage along the old line (and in particular by an old pipe) and after reaching a destination point, which may for example lie in a maintenance shaft of the sewer, the front end of the drill string connected to a widening device the old pipe when retracting the

Drill pipe is cut or burst, the parts of the destroyed old pipe are displaced radially into the surrounding soil. At the same time a new pipe can be pulled into the old pipe. By destroying the old pipe and displacing the sections of the old pipe, the new pipe can have an outer diameter which corresponds to or even exceeds the outer diameter of the old pipe.

Alternatively, it is also possible, instead of an expansion device to connect an adapter to the front end of the drill pipe, which acts on the rear end of the old pipe and this when retracting the drill string from the

Pull out soil. Thereby it can be prevented that fragments of the old pipe remain in the soil, which could otherwise damage the neuro-ear due to the sharp-edged break edges in connection with the pressure exerted by the surrounding earth.

Horizontal drilling devices regularly have a linear drive, with which the drill string is driven into the soil and withdrawn from it. Furthermore, a rotary drive is provided on a regular basis, with which the drill string (and the associated drilling or expanding head) can be set in rotation. Through the rotation of the drill head or the expander the propulsion in the soil can be improved.

Furthermore, in most of the controllable horizontal drilling devices, a rotation of the drill head is required in order to be able to control it in the desired drilling direction. The drill heads of such horizontal drilling devices have an asymmetrically shaped (e.g., bevelled) drill head front which results in lateral deflection of the drill head during movement of the drill head through the soil. If the drill head is driven in rotation simultaneously with the driving in the ground, the asymmetrical design of the drill head has no influence on the straight bore course, because the lateral deflection compensates in the middle of a turn.

If, however, the rotation of the drill head is stopped and this only Bending, possibly assisted by strokes exerted by an impactor integrated into the drill head or drill mount, is driven in advance, the asymmetric design of the drill head results in a (constant) lateral deflection. This results in an arcuate bore profile and, as a result, a change in the drilling direction.

Horizontal drilling devices, which are provided exclusively for replacing old pipes already laid in the ground, frequently have no additional rotary drive.

Horizontal wellhead drilling rigs are often only suitable for use in out-of-town areas as they must be positioned at a considerable distance from the area because of the tapping path required to achieve the desired depth of drilling , in which the bore or the new line in the

Soil should be introduced or in which an existing old line is to be replaced. Frequently, space is not available in built-up urban areas. Another disadvantage of such Horizontalbohrvorrichtungen is that this - regularly trained as a self-propelled drill mount - horizontal drilling produce considerable land damage that must be eliminated with a corresponding financial outlay again.

Because of these disadvantages, the trenchless line construction in built-up areas is still largely limited to the trenchless replacement of old pipes, since the old pipe is always located between existing underground cavities (in particular

Supply shafts and basements) that can be used for the positioning of the horizontal drilling. Excavation work and thus land damage can be largely avoided. For this purpose, horizontal drilling devices were developed, which are dimensioned so that they can be positioned in a supply shaft of the sewer system. However, as new utility lines are often not to be routed along existing utility lines, it is often not possible to resort to these horizontal wells for utility relocation. From DE 196 33 934 A1 a horizontal drilling device is known, which for a

Use in small construction pits with a rectangular cross-section of about 70 cm x 40 cm and a depth of about 1 m to 1, 5 m is designed. This horizontal drilling device comprises a frame whose dimensions correspond approximately to the cross-sectional dimensions of the excavation and which is lowered into the excavation. A part of the frame protrudes beyond the upper edge of the excavation. In the section of the frame located within the excavation is a combined Linear / rotary drive provided over a driven from individual rod sections together drill pipe is driven into the soil. The rod sections, which are gradually screwed to the rear end of the already drilled drill string, are fed to the linear / rotary drive via a linkage lift, which is from a rod magazine in the upper, over the edge of the pit extending portion of the frame is arranged, transported to the linear / rotary drive.

The known from DE 196 33 934 A1 horizontal drilling device allows the introduction of holes in the soil from any starting positions. Since only a relatively small excavation is required for the positioning of the horizontal drilling device and the horizontal drilling is also very easy to transport due to the compact design, their use is associated with relatively low floor damage.

A disadvantage of the horizontal well drilling apparatus known from DE 196 33 934 A1, however, is that an exact alignment of the pit to be excavated is required for this, since the direction in which the bore is started starting from the horizontal drilling, substantially perpendicular to the two narrow sides the excavation is located. With the horizontal drilling DE 196 33 934 A1, only two holes can be carried out in the opposite direction, starting from an excavation also in the two directions, which are perpendicular to the two narrow sides of the pit. In order to drill in the two directions, it is necessary to lift the entire horizontal drilling device out of the excavation, to rotate 180 ° about the vertical axis and then release it back into the excavation.

Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to provide an improved horizontal drilling. Furthermore, an improved method for introducing a hole in the soil should be given. In particular, a method and a corresponding horizontal drilling device should be specified, which / allows you to introduce from a relatively small excavation horizontal wells flexible in the soil.

This object is solved by the subject matters of independent claims 1 and 4. Advantageous developments of the method according to the invention or the horizontal drilling device according to the invention are the subject of the respective dependent claims and will become apparent from the following description of the invention. The idea underlying the invention is to provide a horizontal drilling device which has a circular cross-section, and this in an excavation to use, which also has a circular cross-section with preferably approximately the same diameter. By means of a preferably cylindrical shape of the excavation pit and the horizontal boring device arranged therein, the horizontal boring device in the excavation can be rotated about the vertical axis and thus aligned in a simple manner exactly in the desired boring direction. It is not necessary to lift the horizontal drilling device out of the excavation pit. Special requirements for the alignment of the excavation in the soil thus omitted due to the circular cross-section. As a result of the fact that the excavation pit and the section of the horizontal boring device located within the construction pit each have a circular cross section with largely identical diameters, the excavation volume of the excavation pit can be reduced to the required minimum. In addition, a particularly large area support of the horizontal drilling device within the excavation can be achieved by means of a cylindrical shape of the horizontal drilling device and of the surrounding wall of the excavation, regardless of the respective rotational orientation of the horizontal drilling device in the excavation.

An inventive method for creating a horizontal well in the ground thus has the following steps:

Generating a circular excavation in cross-section;

Lowering a horizontal drilling in the pit, the Erdbohrvorrichtung has at least in that portion in which it is arranged after lowering into the excavation in this partially also has a circular cross-section, preferably with an approximately equal diameter;

Generating the horizontal hole through the use of Erdbohrvorrichtung.

The production of the horizontal bore can be done in any known manner, i. E. in particular by the propulsion or the retraction of a drill string, on the front of a drill head or a widening device can be arranged, whereby for example either a (pilot) hole is introduced into the ground, destroyed an existing old line and / or replaced by a new line or a Neuleitung is drafted into a hole.

It should be pointed out that, according to the invention, the term "producing" or "producing a horizontal bore in the ground" is understood to mean all the methods of trenchless line rehabilitation mentioned at the outset, and thus not merely the creation of a (pilot) bore per se, but also that Widening a hole, inserting a new pipe into a hole and bursting or

Pulling out an old pipe. A horizontal drilling device according to the invention, in particular for use in a method according to the invention, has at least one linear drive and a drill rod which can be driven into or pulled out of the ground by the linear drive. According to the invention, a housing is additionally provided which largely or completely surrounds the linear drive and which is arranged within an excavation in at least the section with which it drives the drill pipe into the soil during operation of the horizontal drilling device, ie when the linear drive drives or extracts the drill pipe. Pit portion), at least partially has a circular portion and in particular is cylindrical.

The housing of the horizontal drilling device is preferably dimensioned such that it determines the outer dimension of the horizontal drilling device at least in the pit section. By this is to be understood according to the invention that the housing surrounds the remaining components of a horizontal drilling device, such as in particular the linear and optionally a rotary drive and is intended for a concern on a wall of a pit to support the forces applied by the horizontal drilling in the ground. Such a housing may be open or closed. An open housing, for example, from a scaffold or

Truss exist.

By the method according to the invention can be created in a simple manner horizontal wells also from excavations with very small dimensions and especially those in which no operators can stop to operate the horizontal drilling, out. In particular, the method according to the invention is suitable for creating horizontal boreholes in the ground from excavation pits whose maximum diameter is about 85 cm and in particular about 60 cm or less. A diameter of about 60 cm can be a good compromise, because on the one hand, the size of the excavation is relatively small and thus the

Keep track damage within limits, but at the same time within the housing of the horizontal drilling still sufficient space for the arrangement of a sufficiently powerful linear and / or rotary drive remains. With diameters of the excavation of greater than 85 cm, the cost of producing a pit with a circular cross section can be so large that it can not be compensated by the advantages of the method according to the invention.

An excavation pit with a circular cross-section can not or only at great expense by means of a conventional excavator or manually created. This applies in particular to small excavation pits with diameters of up to approx. 60 cm, which are According to the preferred embodiment. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention can therefore be provided to create the pit by a surface seal (if present), such as a tar or asphalt surface, drilled with a conventional crown drill and the underlying soil is sucked by a conventional suction drill , In this way, relatively small (more or less geometrically accurate) cylindrical holes can be introduced into the soil.

It is preferably provided that the housing forms a substantially closed jacket in the pit section of the horizontal drilling device according to the invention. This can largely be prevented that soil from the pit walls falls into the interior of the housing and the functional elements arranged there, such as in particular the linear and rotary drive, etc. dirty. In addition, a large support surface can be achieved by a largely closed shell, whereby the stability of the horizontal drilling can be increased within the pit.

A "substantially closed jacket" is understood to mean a jacket which covers the corresponding section of the housing to a large extent and in particular has only recesses or openings which are required for the functioning of the drilling device Drill string required.

In order to improve the positioning and support of the horizontal drilling within the pit, may further be provided to provide at least one support element which - over the outer circumference of the housing addition - is moved radially outward to a possible backlash-free support of the horizontal drilling on the wall of the pit sure. Accordingly, the support member may be moved radially outward from a retracted position in which it is disposed within the dimensions defined by the housing to securely position the horizontal drilling apparatus in a trench.

More preferably, more than one support element and in particular at least two, three, four or five support elements are provided, which are arranged spaced apart in a defined, preferably uniform pitch and also preferably can be extended individually. By individually extending a plurality of supporting elements, the horizontal drilling device according to the invention can not only be securely supported in the excavation pit, but at the same time be aligned in its position (alignment of the longitudinal axis of the housing, corresponds to the vertical axis of the horizontal drilling device during operation). In a further preferred embodiment it can be provided that the support element has a support plate, which forms a section of the jacket. As a result, on the one hand can be achieved that the horizontal boring device in the corresponding section forms a largely closed cylindrical shell when the one or more supporting elements are positioned in a retracted position; on the other hand, the support plate as a section of the shell on a curved shape, which is similar in radius to the radius of the arcuate wall of the excavation, so that a uniform and secure support can be achieved when the support element is extended radially.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the horizontal drilling device according to the invention has a section (surface section) which is located in the operating state above the excavation. In particular, in this section of the horizontal drilling device, there may be the functional elements that should or must be accessible by an operating person in order to operate the horizontal drilling device.

The surface section of the horizontal drilling device may further comprise a supporting device, via which the horizontal drilling device is supported on the earth's surface. About this horizontal drilling device can thus be stored suspended within the pit.

Particularly preferably, this support device can be designed to be adjustable in order to enable a height positioning of the horizontal drilling device in the excavation. In this way, a simple and flexible (because easily changeable) height positioning of the horizontal drilling device according to the invention (or the pit portion of the horizontal drilling device) can be achieved within the excavation. In addition, it is avoided that a suitable for the support of the horizontal drilling device, i. level and aligned in the correct angle to the horizontal ground of the pit must be provided. This can reduce the hassle for the

Introducing the excavation can be reduced.

Since both the cylindrical excavation pit and the correspondingly dimensioned horizontal boring device preferably have a small diameter, it may be necessary to supply the linear drive arranged within the pit section of the horizontal boring machine gradually with soil from the surface of the earth, which are then connected to each other Form drill pipe. For this purpose, the horizontal drilling device according to the invention may preferably be provided with a linkage which transports a rod section of the drill string between the surface section and the pit section. This can be done in both directions, ie during the creation of a (Pilot) bore, the rod sections are transported in succession from the surface portion to the linear drive within the pit portion of the horizontal drilling, while withdrawing the drill string from an already created hole, for example, when this is widened and / or a new line is retracted, the individual the linkage strand dissolved rod sections transported by the linkage of the linear drive to the surface portion where they can be removed either by an operator or an automated linkage acquisition. Further preferably, it can be provided that the linkage pin has a boom support into which a rod section can be inserted from the side. Such a boom support allows easy accessibility from the side by the operator and at the same time ensures a secure hold during transport of the rod assembly (along a vertically oriented linkage pin).

If rod sections are used which are at least partially hollow, a transfer of the rod section from the linkage to the linear drive can preferably take place by means of a receiving mandrel, which is arranged such that the linkage of the rod linkage after reaching the target position of the rod receiving plugged directly.

The rod sections preferably have a length which is only as short as possible shorter than the diameter of the housing in the pit section of the horizontal drilling device. By using the longest possible rod sections, the effort required for the assembly or release of the individual rod sections of the drill string can be reduced to a minimum. For reasons of space, however, it may be necessary or useful to transport the relatively long rod sections in the linkage lift in a vertical orientation. In this case, it can be provided to make the receiving mandrel pivotable, in order to enable the attachment of the rod assembly transported by the linkage pin also in a substantially vertical orientation. After attaching the rod assembly, the receiving mandrel can then be pivoted in a substantially horizontal, the drilling direction corresponding alignment. The invention is described below with reference to an illustrated in the drawings

Embodiment explained in more detail.

In the drawings: FIG. 1 shows a horizontal drilling device according to the invention in a perspective view

View; FIG. 2 shows the horizontal drilling device of FIG. 1 in a second perspective view; FIG.

3 shows an enlarged detail of the illustration according to FIG. 2;

4 shows the lower section of the horizontal drilling device according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in a perspective view;

5 shows the illustration according to FIG. 4 in another operating position of FIG

horizontal drilling;

6 is an isolated view of the rotary drive of the horizontal drilling device in a perspective view;

7a shows an isolated view of the boom support of the horizontal drilling device in a first operating position in a perspective view;

7b is an isolated view of the boom support of the Horizontalbohrvorrich- device in a first operating position in a sectional side view.

FIG. 8 a an isolated view of the boom support of the horizontal drilling device in a second operating position in a perspective view; FIG. 8b shows an isolated representation of the boom support of the horizontal drilling device in a second operating position in a sectional side view;

9a is an isolated view of the driving ring of the rotary drive including a rod section in a first operating position in an isometric view;

Fig. 9b is a front view of the drive ring shown in FIG. 9a and

Rod section;

10a is an isolated view of the driving ring of the rotary drive including a rod section in a second operating position in an isometric view;

10b is a front view of the driver ring shown in FIG. 10a and

Rod section; and Fig. 11 is an isolated view of the boom support and the lower portion of the linkage pin in an isometric view.

Fig. 1 shows an isometric view of a horizontal drilling device 1 according to the invention when introducing a pilot hole in the soil.

The horizontal drilling device comprises a cylindrical housing 2, which is partially closed by a cylindrical jacket 3. Functionally, the horizontal boring device 1 or the housing 2 of the horizontal boring device 1 is subdivided into two sections, namely a lower section called "pit section", which is located inside a excavation pit 4 specially excavated for receiving the horizontal boring device 1. In the pit section of the horizontal boring device 1 the casing 2 is substantially completely closed by the casing 3. This prevents the soil dissolving from the wall of the excavation 4 from falling into the cavity formed by the casing 2, where further functional elements of the horizontal drilling apparatus 1 and in particular a combined linear / rotary drive Otherwise, soil falling into the cavity could contaminate these functional elements, which could affect the function of the horizontal drilling apparatus 1.

In the upper section of the horizontal drilling device 1, also referred to as a "surface section" according to the invention, the housing 2 is partially open in order to give an operator access to a linkage pin 6 extending into this area.

The horizontal drilling device 1 is positioned "suspended" within the excavation 4, that is, this is not supported on the bottom of the excavation 4, but rather on a support device with a total of three support legs 7, in the region of the surface portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 on side rails 8 of the housing Each of the support legs 7 can be fastened to the respective side member 8 in a total of five different positions, thereby enabling height adjustment of the horizontal drilling device 1 suspended in the excavation 4. This height adjustment is important, for example, for the linear located inside the pit section Positioning of the support legs 7 at the various positions along the side members 8 takes place via a respective transverse pin 9, which passes through a through hole in a cross member 10 of the respective support leg 7 and the respective longitudinal member 8 of the housing 2 inserted through and then fixed. Each of the support legs 7 further comprises a spindle support, which is connected via a rotary joint with the cross member 10 of the respective support leg 7. The spindle support comprises a threaded rod 1 1, which has a support leg 12 at its foot end. At the opposite end of the support rod 12 of the threaded rod 1 1, a handle 13 is provided, via which the threaded rod 1 1 can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, whereby a longitudinal displacement relative to the threaded housing surrounding the spindle housing 14 is achieved. The spindle supports serve to align the horizontal drilling device 1 within the pit 4 exactly after a first height positioning has already been achieved by the attachment of the support legs 7 to the side rails 8 of the housing 2.

In Fig. 1 it can be seen that the excavation 4 - as well as the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1 - (substantially) has a cylindrical shape whose inner diameter also corresponds substantially to the outer diameter of the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device. The casing 3 of the horizontal drilling device 1 in the region of the pit section thus lies more or less directly against the wall of the excavation pit 4. Due to the extensive agreement of the inner diameter of the excavation 4 and the outer diameter of the housing 2, not only the size of the excavation pit 4 to be excavated can be kept to a minimum, but it can be achieved within the excavation 4 as large as possible and homogeneous support of the horizontal drilling 1. Due to the circular cross-section of the excavation 4 and the housing 2, the support is also independent of the respective rotational orientation (about the longitudinal axis of the horizontal drilling).

The excavation 4 was excavated by first with a crown drill (not shown), an annular groove with the required (outer) diameter in the surface seal (asphalt surface) was introduced, which removes dislodged disc-shaped asphalt cover and then the underlying soil by means of a Suction dredger (not shown) was sucked. The used for this

Suction dredger includes a suction nozzle, which also has a circular cross-section. The excavation 4 is excavated slightly deeper than necessary in order to allow a height adjustment of the suspended horizontal drilling device 1 within the excavation 4, without causing an unwanted placement of the lower end of the horizontal boring device 1 on the pit floor.

After excavation of the excavation 4, the horizontal drilling device 1 was lowered by means of a crane (not shown) into the excavation 4 until the support legs 7 previously fastened to the longitudinal beams 8 of the housing 2 are in contact with the earth's surface. With the help of the crane horizontal drilling device 1 was then still rotationally aligned within the excavation by these far enough about their longitudinal axis is rotated until the of the arranged within the pit portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 linear / rotary drive defined drilling axis in the desired starting direction for the pilot hole. On the spindle supports then a fine adjustment of the working height of the horizontal drilling device 1 and within limits of the inclination of the horizontal drilling device 1 with respect to the vertical could be achieved.

Since the wall of the excavation 4 - in particular when it was excavated by means of a suction dredger - is not uniformly cylindrical, the horizontal boring device 1 according to the invention has in the region of the excavation section a total of four support elements 15 distributed uniformly over the circumference. These support elements 15 comprise support plates 16, which in a retracted position in each case form a section of the cylindrical jacket 3 of the horizontal drilling device. The support plates 16 can be deflected outwards in the radial direction by means of a hydraulic cylinder 17 in order to produce a direct contact of the horizontal drilling device 1 with the wall of the excavation 4 in order to safely support it within the excavation 4.

The individual components of these support elements 15 are clearly visible in FIG. 3. Each of the support plates 16 is connected via a first pivot 18 to a first end of a Auslenkhebels 19, which in turn is rotatably supported by a second pivot joint 21 on the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1. A second end of the Auslenkhebels 19 is connected to the head of a piston rod 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 17. A extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 17 thus causes a partial rotation of the Auslenkhebels 19 about the pivot 21, whereby the respective support plate 16 can be deflected radially or withdrawn. End stops 22 prevent the support plate 16 when retracting the hydraulic cylinder 17 penetrates into the interior defined by the shell of the housing. Fig. 2 shows one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation of the entire horizontal drilling device 1, but in which a part of the shell 3 is removed in the pit section to make visible the functional elements arranged therein.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show various views of this portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 in enlarged views. It can be seen that the combined

Linear / rotary drive 5 is arranged at the lower end of the horizontal drilling device 1 within the housing 2. This serves to propel a composite of individual rod sections 23 drill pipe 24 rotating in the soil. FIG. 6 shows a partial section through the linear / rotary drive 5 in a representation isolated from the remaining elements of the horizontal drilling device 1. The linear drive is formed by two hydraulic cylinders 25. The piston rods 26 of the two hydraulic cylinders 25 pass through the respective cylinder tube 27 completely and are connected at their two ends to the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1. The piston rods 26 each have a centrally disposed piston (not shown), which divides the respectively formed between the cylinder tube 27 and the piston rod 26 annular space into two working chambers, which can be supplied via a hydraulic line 66 with the hydraulic oil. Depending on the pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to the individual working chambers, a movement of the respective cylinder tube 27 on the piston rod 26 in one or the other direction is achieved. The movement of the two hydraulic cylinders 25 of the linear drive is synchronized.

A rotary drive is arranged between the two cylinder tubes 27 of the linear drive forming hydraulic cylinder 25 and secured thereto. The rotary drive comprises a flange-mounted on a hollow gear 28 motor 29 (in particular a hydraulic or an electric motor). A drive shaft 30 of the motor 29 is connected to a bevel gear 31, which in turn meshes with a toothed ring 32, which in turn is connected via screw 33 with a drive sleeve 34. The drive sleeve 34 is rotatably supported by two roller bearings 35 within a housing 36 of the hollow gear 28. A rotation of the drive shaft 30 of the motor 29 thus causes a rotation of the drive sleeve 34 about its longitudinal axis. This longitudinal axis substantially corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the drill pipe 24 held therein and consequently also the drilling axis, i. the starting direction of a pilot hole to be introduced or the longitudinal axis of an opening in the wall of the excavation 4 hole or an old pipe.

For transmitting the rotational movement of the drive sleeve 34 and the longitudinal movement generated by the hydraulic cylinders 25 of the linear drive on the drill pipe 34 held in the drill pipe 24 is a drive ring 37 which - fixed in an operating position of the drill string 24 within the driver ring 37 - the drill string 24 positively. The driving ring 37 is mounted in a form-fitting manner within the drive sleeve 34 and can be exchanged in a simple manner by first removes a snap ring 63 from a corresponding groove in the inside of the drive sleeve 34 and then a spacer ring 64 is pulled out of the drive sleeve. The driver ring 37 can then be easily pulled out of the drive sleeve 34.

FIGS. 9a and 9b as well as 10a and 10b show, in two views in each case, the two operating positions of the drill pipe 24 within the driver ring 37 relevant to the operation of the horizontal drilling apparatus 1. These two operating positions differ by a 90 ° relative rotation of the driver ring 37 around its longitudinal axis. axis relative to the drill string 24. In the operating position shown in Figs. 9a and 9b, the drill pipe 24 is locked in the driving ring. This locking is achieved by the special jacket shape of the rod sections 23 of the drill string 24 and a shape adapted thereto of the central opening of the driver ring 37.

Each rod assembly 23 of the drill string 24 has a cylindrical basic shape with a relatively small diameter central portion 38 and two relatively large diameter end portions 39a, 39b. In each of the end sections 39a, 39b of a rod section 23, two parallel flats 40 are provided, resulting in a cross section with two parallel straight sides and two opposite arcuate sides. The driving ring 37 forms a passage opening corresponding to this cross section, so that it is possible, provided the driving ring 37 and the rod section 23 guided therein are arranged in the rotational orientation shown in FIGS. 10a and 10b, the rod section 23 into the passage opening of the Insert driver ring 37 and move it freely (in longitudinal direction).

For locking the rod assembly 23 in the driver ring 37 this is moved as far within the through hole until two arcuate locking grooves 41, which are formed in each of the end portions 39a, 39b of the rod section 23, located within the driving ring 37. These locking grooves allow a relative rotation of the driving ring 37 by 90 ° in a clockwise direction in the operating position shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b (locking position). A rotation of more than 90 ° is prevented by the fact that the two 180 ° around the

Longitudinal axis of the rod assembly 23 offset from each other locking grooves 41 are arcuate only in an angular section of 90 ° and then just run out. As a result, two cams 42 are formed whose distance is greater than the narrow width (corresponds to the distance between the two straight edges of the passage opening of the driving ring) of the passage opening of the driving ring

37. These cams 42 abut in the locking position shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b at the edges of the driving ring 37 and thus prevent further rotation (clockwise). In the locking position of the rod section 23 in the driving ring 37, longitudinal forces (in the longitudinal direction of the rod assembly axes) and a torque (clockwise in FIGS. 9a to 10b) can be transmitted to the rod section or the entire drill pipe via the driving ring 37.

The middle section 38 of each rod section 23 has a reduced outer diameter in order to reduce (compared to the end sections 39a, 39b) a lower outer diameter. nierte) to achieve flexural rigidity. This should enable the use of a controllable inclined drilling head. By reversing the drill head 43 in the ground, a sectionally arcuate bore profile is achieved. The drill pipe 24 has to adapt to this curved drilling course, which leads to a corresponding bending load. The reduced diameter and thus relative to the end portions 39a, 39b relatively flexible middle section 38 of each rod section 23 serves to keep the rod assembly 23 altogether pliable, while at the same time the end portions 39a, 39b, which are particularly vulnerable to breakage, stiff perform.

Due to the arrangement of the combined linear / rotary drive 5 at the lower end of the pit portion of the horizontal drilling device 1 and due to the small outer dimensions of the horizontal drilling device 1 (the housing 2 has a maximum diameter of about 60 cm), the individual rod sections 23 the linear / Rotary drive 5 are not manually fed. Rather, for this purpose, an automated linkage supply is provided, which consists of a rod holder 44, which is arranged at the height of the linear / rotary drive 5, and the linkage pin 6. The linkage receptacle 44 is shown in the overall view of FIGS. 4 and 5 and isolated in the illustrations of FIGS. 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b. The central element of the boom support 44 is a receiving mandrel 45, which is mounted in a bridge 46 which is connected to the cylinder tubes 47 of two further hydraulic cylinders 48. The hydraulic cylinders 48 are also those in which the piston rod 49 protrudes from the cylinder tube 47 on both sides. The two free ends of the two piston rods 49 are connected to the housing 2 of the horizontal drilling device 1, so that by a corresponding pressurization of the hydraulic cylinder 48 with hydraulic oil, the cylinder tubes 47 can be moved on the stationary piston rods 49 and consequently the boom support 44 in the horizontal direction.

The receiving mandrel 45 of the boom support 44 is pivotally mounted within the bridge 46 about a horizontal axis, wherein a pivoting between the two in Figs. 7a, 7b on the one hand and 8a, 8b on the other hand end positions shown is possible. The pivoting is achieved via a further hydraulic cylinder 50, which is supplied via corresponding hydraulic connections 65 with a hydraulic oil.

In the orientation shown in FIGS. 7a, 7b, the longitudinal axis of the receiving mandrel 45 and a rod section 23 mounted thereon are coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the drive sleeve 34 of the rotary drive and thus point in the boring direction of the horizontal boring device 1 8a, 8b shown vertical and thus by 90 ° to the operating position according to FIGS. 7a and 7b. pivoted alignment of the mandrel 45 and the attached thereon rod assembly 23 is positioned within a guide rail 51 of the linkage pin 6. In this operating position of the receiving mandrel 45, a rod section 23 can be pushed onto the take-up mandrel 45 by the linkage pin 6 or be withdrawn therefrom.

Within the guide rail 51 of the linkage pin 6, a receiving carriage 52, which can receive a rod section 23, slidably guided, wherein the receiving carriage 52 is secured to a run of a drive belt 53, which extends outside the guide rail 51 and parallel to this. An upper drive roller of the drive belt 53 is connected to a motor (not shown) for driving the same. A lower guide roller 54 is mounted on an axle 55, which is guided at its two ends on a respective threaded rod 56 and in a respective groove 57. By rotating the threaded rods 56, the vertical position of the lower guide roller 54 can be changed to tension the drive belt 53. By means of the drive belt 53, the receiving carriage 52 can be moved up and down within the guide rail 51. In this way, a boom section 23, which is used by an operator in a loading station 58 in the surface portion of the horizontal drilling device 1, to the boom support 44 in the pit section - and vice versa - be transported.

Fig. 1 shows in an isolated view, the boom support 44 and the lower part of the linkage pin 6 including the receiving carriage 52, in which a rod section 23 is held. The receiving carriage 52 forms a passage opening into which the rod section 23 can be inserted by the operator in the region of the loading station 58 from the side. In the receiving carriage 52, the inserted rod assembly 23 is suspended, i. two pairs of projections 59 each form a clearance which is only slightly wider than the diameter of the central portion 38 and narrower than the wider side of the end portions 39a, 39b of the rod section 23. One of the projection pairs engages in the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39 a, while the second projection pair engages in the central portion 38 of the rod section 23. About the two projection pairs of the receiving carriage 52 of the rod assembly 23 fixed therein is held in a form-fitting (in the vertical and lateral directions). Of course, it is also possible to use only one projection pair or even a single projection to hold the rod assembly 23 within the receiving carriage 52.

By lowering the receiving carriage 52 within the guide rail 51 of the linkage pin 6 held in the receiving carriage 52 rod assembly

23 is attached to the vertically oriented receiving mandrel 45 (see FIG. not shown] and 8a, 8b). The mandrel is then pivoted by 90 ° in the horizontal operating position shown in Figs. 4 and 7a, 7b, whereby the rod assembly 23 is pivoted out of the receiving carriage 52 in the lateral direction. The receiving carriage 52 can then be moved back to the task station 58, so that a further rod section 23 can be used.

The horizontal drilling apparatus 1 is designed to carry out scavenging bores, i. the drilling head 43 arranged on the front side of the drill string 24 is supplied via the drill pipe 24 with a drilling fluid which is provided by the front and side

Exit the outlet openings. In order to enable the supply of the drilling fluid to the drill head 43, the individual rod sections 23 of the drill string 24 are designed to be hollow throughout. The drilling fluid is supplied to the drill pipe 24 via the mandrel 45, which is also designed to be almost continuous hollow. Only at the rear end, i. the projecting from an attached rod assembly 23 end, this is closed by means of a screw 60. The hollow space formed by the hollow mandrel 45, the drilling fluid is supplied via a likewise hollow shaft on which the receiving mandrel 45 is rotatably mounted. Two sealing rings on the outside of the mandrel 45 prevent leakage of the drilling fluid through the gap between the mandrel 45 and the rod section 23. This can be achieved in a simple manner a safe and structurally simple connection of the pivoting mandrel 45 to the Bohrflüssigkeitsquelle. To achieve a connection to the Bohrflüssigkeits- source while maintaining the pivotability of the mandrel via flexible supply hoses, however, is structurally complex, since the high

Pressure, with which a drilling fluid is supplied to such a drill pipe 24, the use of extremely pressure-stable and thus less elastic supply hoses required, which in turn would hinder the pivoting movement of the mandrel 45, whereby a larger and more efficient Hydraulikzylin- 50 are required for pivoting would.

A use of the horizontal drilling device 1 for creating a pilot hole is as follows: Even before lowering the horizontal drilling device 1 in the pit 4, the drill head 43 shown in FIG. 1 is formed by a passage opening 61 for the drill pipe, which is formed in the housing 2, plugged into the drive sleeve 34 of the rotary drive. This is necessary because the drill head has an integrated transmitter for localization by means of a so-called walk-over receiver and thereby longer than the rod sections 23. The drill head has a (rear)

End portion 62 which, with regard to the geometric shape of the end portions 39 a, 39b corresponds to the rod sections 23: In the end portion 62 with a cylindrical basic shape, which is provided on two opposite sides with parallel flats, two arcuate locking grooves are introduced, in which the driving ring 37 can be screwed by a 90 ° rotation in a clockwise direction, whereby the drill head 43 is locked in the rotary drive. The rotary drive is in the rearmost position in which this is driven by the linear drive as far as possible from the passage opening 61 away.

The horizontal drilling device 1 is then lowered into the excavation 4, aligned and supported, as already described.

By using the linear / rotary drive 5 then the drill head 43 is drilled as far as possible in the ground. Due to the length of the drill head 43, the drilling is carried out with two strokes of the linear drive; at the first stroke, the cam ring 37 is located at the front end of the two parallel flats, so that the

Compressive forces are transmitted via the paragraph formed there and the torque on serving as the key surfaces parallel flats. After the first stroke of the linear drive is moved back so that the driving ring 37 engage in the locking grooves and lock the drill head 43. Then the linear drive is again moved forward by one working stroke, whereby the drill head 43 is completely bored. The rotary drive is then in the foremost position shown for example in FIGS. 4 and 5. A provided in the region of the passage opening locking fork (not shown) is then shut down. The fork width of the locking fork corresponds to the distance between the two parallel flats of the drill head 43 and the distance between the two locking grooves. Previously, the drill bit 43 was aligned by means of the rotary drive so that the two flats of the end portion are aligned vertically, so that the locking fork can drive over the end portion (in a section in front of the locking grooves) of the drill head 43, whereby rotation of the drill head by means of a positive fixation 43 is temporarily prevented.

During the propelling of the drill head 43 into the ground, the operator has already used a first rod section 23 in the receiving carriage 52 and attached it to the receiving mandrel 45 by a method of the linkage pin 6. After a pivoting of the mandrel 45 and the attached thereon rod assembly 23 by 90 ° in its horizontal orientation, the rod assembly 23 is in a largely coaxial position to the already drilled bit 43. By a method of the two hydraulic cylinders 48 of the rod holder 44 can then the front Threaded plug of the rod assembly 23 are moved up to the rear threaded bushing of the drill head 43. The drive ring 37 is then released from the locking grooves of the drill head 43 and the linear / Rotary drive 5 so far retracted that this is located in a defined region of the front end portion 39 a of the first rod section 23. By actuating the rotary drive, the first rod assembly 23 is screwed to the drill head 43 fixed in the direction of rotation by the locking fork, the torque being transmitted via the parallel flats 40.

Due to the fact that the driving ring 37 is not yet locked in the locking groove 41, the rod section can be displaced relative to the driving ring 37 during screwing in the longitudinal axial direction. As a result, the longitudinal movement of the rod section 23 required for the screwing of the rod section 23 can be realized without a complex length compensation realized by the linear drive.

The position of the rotary drive during the screwing is chosen so that the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39 a after complete screwing of the rod assembly 23 with the drill head 43 are within the driver ring 43, so that this directly by a 90 ° rotation, ie without the need for another method of linear drive, can engage in the locking grooves 41 to fix the rod assembly 23 in the longitudinal direction. The drill string is then drilled so far until the rotary drive has returned to its front end position.

Thereafter, the rotary drive is unlocked by a 90 ° rotation (in the opposite direction) of the driver ring and moved back by means of the hydraulic cylinder 25 of the linear drive until the driver ring 37 can engage in the locking grooves 41 of the rear end portion 39b of the first rod section 23; There, the driving ring 37 is locked again by a 90 ° rotation. Then the drill string, consisting of drill head 43 and first rod assembly 23 is driven by the use of the linear / rotary drive 5 by a further working stroke of the linear drive further into the soil.

As soon as the rotary drive has reached its front end position, the boom receptacle 44 is moved back into the rear position and the take-up mandrel 45 is pivoted into the vertical position, where this second linkage 23, which is already in the receiving station 58 in the receiving station 58 by the operator - pour 52 was used, can accommodate.

After completion of the power stroke of the linear actuator, the locking grooves 41 of the front end portion 39 a of the first linkage 23 are below the locking fork, which can then be moved down to fix the drill string, while the second rod section 23 to the existing

Drill is screwed. For this purpose, the second rod section 23 by means of Boom receptacle 44 moved up to the rear end of the first rod section 23. At the same time, the rotary drive is released from the first linkage 23 and moved so far to the rear that this at the parallel flats

40 can engage in the front end portion 39 a of the second rod section 23. By the use of the linear / rotary drive 5, the second rod section 23 is then screwed to the first rod section 23, wherein after completing the screwing of the driving ring 37 back into the locking grooves

Locked 41 of the front end portion 39 a of the second rod assembly and the drill string is again bored until reaching the front end position (of the linear drive). The linear / rotary drive 5 is then released by a 90 ° relative rotation of the driving ring 37 of the second rod section 23 and moved back to lock the second rod section 23 in the rear end portion 39b and the drill string to another working stroke in to drive the soil.

Unlike the drill head 43, the locking fork always engages in the locking grooves 41 of the rod sections 23 in order to secure this or the drill string not only rotationally but also against longitudinal movement. As a result, it is possible to prevent the drill string from shifting unintentionally owing to elastic deformations of the compressed soil and of the drill string compressed or stretched by the loads.

The preparation and Verbohren further rod sections 23 is then carried out in an identical manner.

After the pilot bore has been completed, it may be provided to replace the drill head 43 by a widening device (not shown) to widen the bore during retraction of the drill string. Optionally, a neural tube (not shown) or other supply line (not shown) may be attached to the expander head, which is retracted into the bore simultaneously with the expander.

When retracting the drill string 24, this is gradually shortened by a rod section 23. This is done in the following way.

The driving ring 37 of the rotary drive is locked in the locking grooves 41 of the rear end portion 39 b of the last rod section 23. The rotary drive is moved by a process of the hydraulic cylinder 25 of the linear drive to the rear. The locking fork is then moved down and fixes the penultimate rod assembly 23 by this in the locking grooves 41 of the rear end portion 39 b of this rod section 23 engages. The linear / rotary drive is then released by a 90 ° rotation of the driving ring of the rod section 23 and moved forward again until the driving ring 37 can engage in the locking grooves of the front end portion 39a of the last rod section 23. Through a further working stroke of the linear drive, the drill string 24 is pulled out of the ground so far that the locking fork the penultimate

Linkage rod 23 in the front end portion 39a can lock. Then the last rod section 23 can be unscrewed from the penultimate rod section 23 by a rotation of the drive sleeve 34 in the counterclockwise direction. Due to the special shape of the rod section in the region of the end sections, a torque for releasing the threaded connection can be transmitted without the

Driving ring 37 would be fixed in the locking groove 41 in the longitudinal axial direction. This allows the driving ring 37 slide when unscrewing the rod assembly 23 according to the thread pitch over the rod section, whereby a length compensation on the linear drive can be avoided. At the same time moves the boom support 44 forward to accommodate the unscrewed last rod section 23. The boom support 44 then moves back to its rearmost position and the linear / rotary drive 5 at the same time forward, so that it can attack on the rear end portion 39b of the then last (previously penultimate) rod section 23. The unscrewed rod assembly 23 is then moved completely out of the drive sleeve 34 and can be used by pivoting the receiving mandrel 45 in the vertical position in the receiving carriage 52 of the linkage pin 6. The receiving carriage 52 can then be moved up to the feed station 58, where the rod section can be removed by an operator.

In an identical manner, all rod sections are successively detached from the drill string and removed from the horizontal drilling apparatus.

The horizontal drilling device shown is particularly suitable for use in inner city areas and in particular for the creation of domestic connections in the supply area (in particular gas, water, electricity, glass fiber, etc.). Drill holes of up to 20 meters in length can be drilled and used to retract pipes or cables with an outside diameter of up to 63 mm.

Claims

claims:

Method for creating a horizontal well in the ground with the steps: a. Generating a circular excavation in cross-section (4);

b. Lowering a horizontal drilling device (1) in the excavation (4), wherein the horizontal drilling device (1) at least in the portion in which this after lowering in the excavation (4) is arranged, partially having a circular cross-section;

c. Generating the horizontal hole through the use of the horizontal drilling device (1).

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the excavation (4) is produced with a diameter of 85 cm, in particular. S 60 cm.

A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the excavation (4) by drilling a surface seal with a crown drill and / or carried out by the suction of the soil.

Horizontal drilling device for use in a method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a linear drive and a drill pipe (24) which can be driven into the ground by the linear drive, characterized by a housing (2) surrounding the linear drive, which in at least the section with which it is in one Operating state within an excavation (4) is arranged (pit section), at least partially cylindrical.

Horizontal drilling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing (2) in the pit portion forms a substantially closed shell (3).

Horizontal drilling device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by at least one support element (15) which is radially movable over the outer periphery of the housing (2) to support the horizontal drilling device (1) on the wall of the excavation (4).

Horizontal drilling device according to claim 6, characterized by at least two and preferably three, four or five support elements (15) which are distributed over the circumference of the housing (2) and are movable individually or in groups.

8. Horizontal drilling device according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that the support elements (15) each have a support plate (16) which forms a section of the jacket (3).

9. Horizontal drilling device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by a in the operating state above the excavation (4) arranged portion (surface portion) of the housing (2).

10. Horizontal drilling device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized by at least one supporting device for supporting the horizontal drilling device (1) on the earth's surface.

1 1. Horizontal drilling device according to claim 10, characterized in that the supporting device is adjustable designed to allow a height positioning of the horizontal drilling device (1) in the excavation (4).

12. Horizontal drilling device according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized by a linkage pin (6) which transports a rod section (23) of the drill string between the surface portion and the pit portion.

13. Horizontal drilling device according to claim 12, characterized in that the linkage pin (6) has a boom receiving, in which the rod section (23) can be inserted from the side.

14. Horizontal drilling device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by, arranged in the region of the linear drive receiving arbor (45) on which the rod section (23) of the linkage pin (6) can be plugged.

15. Horizontal drilling device according to claim 14, characterized in that the receiving mandrel (45) is pivotable from a substantially vertical transport position into a substantially horizontal drilling position.