EP2548213A1 - Electric circuit breaker with pyrotechnic actuation - Google Patents

Electric circuit breaker with pyrotechnic actuation

Info

Publication number
EP2548213A1
EP2548213A1 EP11712991A EP11712991A EP2548213A1 EP 2548213 A1 EP2548213 A1 EP 2548213A1 EP 11712991 A EP11712991 A EP 11712991A EP 11712991 A EP11712991 A EP 11712991A EP 2548213 A1 EP2548213 A1 EP 2548213A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
gas generator
switch according
breakable
pyrotechnic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11712991A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Evrard Borg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArianeGroup SAS
Original Assignee
Herakles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herakles SA filed Critical Herakles SA
Publication of EP2548213A1 publication Critical patent/EP2548213A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
    • H01H2239/058—Containing a battery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric switch with pyrotechnic actuation forming for example circuit breaker and preferably using a gas microgenerator, known per se.
  • the preferred field of application is that of electric vehicles requiring the incorporation of electric circuit breakers to ensure the safety of the vehicle and its occupants in case of malfunction of the electric battery and / or the associated electrical circuit, for example during an accident.
  • the invention therefore aims primarily to protect the occupants of an electric automobile by setting the safety of the components of the power train.
  • such a device can also be used in another field, aeronautical, space, maritime or other.
  • the main power elements to be electrically protected are therefore, in the first place, the elements of the electric battery, then the powertrain, the kinetic energy recovery device (supercapacitors), the electronic conversion of the DC voltage into voltage alternative, the control system of the electric power supplied to the engine, etc.
  • Document EP 1 502 683 discloses a pyrotechnic circuit breaker provided with a hollow piston, a gas generator facing the piston and an electrical conductor to be sectioned.
  • the hollow piston inside which the combustion gases accumulate under pressure during the pyrotechnic trip moves and pushes another element provided with a kind of knife cutting the driver.
  • This device is complex because it requires a large number of relatively expensive precision components to achieve.
  • the assembly of these components involves the control of assembly and nesting operations with low mechanical tolerance, which makes it difficult to achieve high production rates.
  • this device may have a poor seal leading to gas leaks at the time of establishment of the pyrotechnic pressure, which may compromise the proper operation of the circuit breaker.
  • the invention overcomes all these difficulties. More particularly, the invention relates to an electric switch with pyrotechnic actuation comprising, in the same housing, a pyrotechnic trigger gas generator and a variable configuration chamber associated with said gas generator, characterized in that it further comprises a blade conductive constituent, before said pyrotechnic triggering, a bottom wall of said chamber, in that two ends of said blade are accessible outside the housing, in that this bottom wall comprises at least one breakable incision for electrically separating said accessible ends when the gases are emitted by said gas generator, in that a clearance space is defined on the other side of said gas generator with respect to said conductive blade, allowing an at least partially broken portion of said blade to engage in it when triggering said gas generator.
  • the pyrotechnic gas generator is directly opposite the cutting blade which forms a wall of a chamber whose volume is called to vary upon release, leading to space at least a portion of said bottom wall formed by the blade.
  • the housing is obtained by plastic overmolding.
  • the clearance space defined on the other side of said gas generator is provided with negative clearance walls allowing the friction of the broken part of said blade throughout its travel inside said clearance space.
  • the friction of the broken part of the blade on the edges of the clearance clearance allows to maintain the sealing of said variable configuration chamber during the entire displacement of the broken part of the blade.
  • the combustion gases of a pyrotechnic trigger gas generator thus remain confined in said variable configuration chamber ensuring its pressurization.
  • the circuit breaker thus obtained is of low mass and small footprint and is particularly well suited to mass production, robotic.
  • This robotic production can indeed be organized in a very simple manner around an injection molding machine thus producing by plastic overmolding, the outer casing closing the gas generator and the blade.
  • a movable sealing element is interposed between the gas generator and the conductive blade.
  • this movable sealing element forms a sliding plug interposed in said variable configuration chamber between the gas generator and said sectionalable blade, before pyrotechnic triggering.
  • This element helps to prevent the rupture of the blade leading to a gas leak causing depressurization.
  • a depressurization could indeed induce the extinction of the pyrotechnic charge from the first moments of operation or could make insufficient the pressure applied to the blade, resulting in a non-free break and thus a partial or too slow electrical cut.
  • the movable sealing element is a closed bellows, a mouthpiece of which is connected to an outlet of said gas generator.
  • the gas remains confined in the bellows after pyrotechnic triggering and causes the expansion of the latter, this expansion coming to break said blade.
  • combustion gas residues which may be conductive, come into contact with the broken ends of the blade. This results in better electrical insulation.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are simplified schematic views corresponding to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, to illustrate the operation;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are views similar to FIGS. 3A, 3B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are simplified schematic views corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 5, to illustrate the operation
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 9B.
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrating a variant of the same embodiment
  • FIG. 11A and 11B are views similar to Figures 6A and 6B illustrating another embodiment
  • FIG. 12A and 12B are views similar to Figures 11A and 11B illustrating a variant
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B illustrate a third embodiment, in section, before and after tripping, respectively.
  • an electric switch 11 forming a pyrotechnic actuator comprising a housing 13 and a pyrotechnic trigger gas generator 15 installed in said housing where a chamber is defined. 17 whose configuration varies when gases are emitted by said gas generator. In the example, as will be seen below, the volume of this chamber increases when the pressurized gases are emitted by the gas generator 15.
  • a wall 19a of the chamber 17 is constituted by the conductive blade and more particularly by the middle part thereof.
  • this wall 19a which forms the bottom wall of the chamber 17, opposite to the gas generator 15, comprises at least one breakable incision 22 (or any other pre-cut) for electrically separating said accessible ends 20a, 20b of the blade when the gases are emitted by the gas generator, that is to say when the volume of the chamber 17 increases sharply.
  • a clearance space 21 is defined on the other side of the gas generator with respect to the conductive plate 19 forming the bottom wall of the chamber 17 before triggering. At least partially broken part of the blade, that is to say said bottom wall 19a can thus engage in the clearance space during the triggering of the gas generator 15.
  • a breakable incision 22 is shaped to allow complete detachment of a portion of said blade (in this case the bottom wall 19a of the chamber 17) and its driving into said clearance space 21, under the action of these gases.
  • two transverse parallel incisions 22 located in the vicinity of the limits of the chamber 17 have been made in the blade.
  • the other two sides of the blade (in the longitudinal direction thereof) are in the vicinity of the two edges of the blade. opening of clearance space 21.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 which illustrate an easily automatable industrial embodiment, it can be seen that the gas generator 15 is contained in a generally cylindrical closed receptacle 25 into which two electrical pins 26 penetrate, for firing the charge.
  • This receptacle is extended by a rectangular base 27 (or square) defining a rectangular opening bordered by two parallel ribs 28 between which the blade 19 is inserted.
  • the receptacle 25 is engaged in a sleeve 29 comprising a rectangular opening 30 and two slots 31 allowing the passage of the blade.
  • a closed cup 33, assembled to the sleeve 29 defines said clearance space.
  • the receptacle 25, the sleeve 29 and the bucket 33 may be of plastics material and assembled as shown by welding or any other method. They then defeat the housing 13.
  • an open cup 35 with a rectangular section is inserted into the closed cup 33. It comprises a rectangular lip 36 resting on a shoulder 37 of the closed cup 33.
  • the lip 36 has a rectangular incision 39 located facing the periphery of the bottom wall 19a defined in the blade.
  • the central portion of the open cup 35 is designed to separate from the outer portion of the lip and accompany the wall 19a in said clearance space 21.
  • Two rectangular seals 41, 42 are interposed between the blade and the corresponding opening of the open cup. These joints are located on either side of the rectangular incision 39.
  • the pressurized gases accumulate in the chamber 17 and cause the rupture of the two incisions 22 of the blade 19, causing the bottom wall 19a of the chamber 17, as a whole, towards the bottom of the clearance space 21.
  • the electrical connection between the ends 20a, 20b of the blade is permanently interrupted.
  • the blade may comprise at least one folding zone to allow at least a portion of said broken blade to bend and engage in the clearance space.
  • FIGs 4A and 4B a single transverse breakable incision 22 is provided in the middle of the bottom wall 19a.
  • Two parallel thinning of the blade located on either side of the incision near the edges of the chamber 17 and parallel to the incision define two folding zones 45.
  • the bottom wall 19a breaks in the middle and the two parts of said wall bend and engage in the clearance space 21 by deforming permanently.
  • the final situation is illustrated in FIG. 4B and the electrical continuity is interrupted between the ends 20a, 20b.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment in a representation similar to that of FIG. 2.
  • a blade 19 comprising two parallel breakable incisions 22, in the vicinity of two opposite edges of the opening of said gap space. clearance.
  • This embodiment is remarkable in that a movable sealing element is incorporated between said gas generator and the conductive blade 19. It forms here a sliding plug 50 capable of moving in said variable configuration chamber.
  • This sliding plug is interposed between the gas generator and the blade, before pyrotechnic release. Its watertight sliding prevents gases from reaching the blade during and after the trip.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate a variant of this embodiment according to which a single breakable incision 22 is defined in the middle of said bottom wall 19a and two folding zones 45 are defined on either side thereof, as in the embodiment of Figures 4A and 4B.
  • the operation is similar with the difference that the incision 22 is broken by the sliding plug 50 moved under the effect of the pressure increase in the chamber.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 6A and 6B, with the difference that the sliding plug 50 is secured to said bottom wall 19a delimited by the two breakable incisions.
  • the operation is identical to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 6A and 5B.
  • the sliding plug 50a has a lateral extension 53 forming a rib, which bears on a portion of said bottom wall 19a adjacent to a single breakable incision 22 located near a transverse edge of this wall.
  • a folding zone 45 is defined parallel to the breakable incision 22 in the vicinity of the other end of said end wall.
  • said bottom wall comprises a single breakable incision 22 at its center and two folding zones 45 located on either side of the latter near the ends of the opening of the clearance space 21.
  • the sliding plug 50b is provided with a projecting rib 56 bearing, before release, against the bottom wall 19a, parallel to said incision breakable.
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B The variant of FIGS. 11A and 11B is similar to that of FIGS. 6A and 6B with respect to the structure of the blade 19.
  • the movable sealing element 50c is, before pyrotechnic release, a body 58 with a case 58 gas generator 15 and this case has laterally a breakable zone 59 allowing, at the time of pyrotechnic release, the separation of the lower part of the case which then plays the same role as the sliding cap described above.
  • FIGS. 12A and 12B is similar to that of FIGS. 9A and 9B as regards the structure of the blade 19 and the shape of the movable sealing element, but it forms a body, before pyrotechnic release with the case 58 of said gas generator 15 and has a breakable zone 59a allowing the sliding plug to detach under the effect of the pressure of the gas.
  • said movable sealing member is a closed bellows 60 installed in the variable configuration chamber 17 and a mouthpiece is connected to an output of said gas generator.
  • FIG. 13A the bellows 60 being retracted on itself.
  • the structure of the blade is in accordance with that of Figure 5, for example.
  • the gases cause elongation of the bellows 60 inside said variable configuration chamber 17, which causes the two incisions to break and the said bottom wall 19a to move inside the chamber.
  • the combustion gases remain confined inside the bellows 60.

Landscapes

  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Electric circuit breaker forming a breaker switch in particular, in which a conducting blade is broken by the tripping of a pyrotechnic activation gas generator. According to the invention, a gas generator (15) with pyrotechnic actuation is designed so as to emit gases resulting from the combustion of a charge, and the generator is associated with a variable-configuration chamber (17) and a breakable conducting blade (19) constitutes a back wall of this chamber, the breaking of the blade under the actuation of the gases causing the interruption of the electric circuit of which the blade forms part.

Description

Interrupteur électrique à actionnement pyrotechnique  Electric switch with pyrotechnic activation
L'invention se rapporte à un interrupteur électrique à actionnement pyrotechnique formant par exemple coupe-circuit et utilisant de préférence un microgénérateur de gaz, connu en soi. Le domaine d'application privilégié est celui des véhicules électriques nécessitant l'incorporation de coupe-circuits électriques permettant d'assurer la sécurité du véhicule et de ses occupants en cas de dysfonctionnement de la batterie électrique et/ou du circuit électrique associé, par exemple lors d'un accident. L'invention vise donc principalement la protection des occupants d'une automobile électrique par la mise en sécurité des organes de la chaîne de traction. Cependant, un tel dispositif peut aussi être utilisé dans un autre domaine, aéronautique, spatial, maritime ou autre.  The invention relates to an electric switch with pyrotechnic actuation forming for example circuit breaker and preferably using a gas microgenerator, known per se. The preferred field of application is that of electric vehicles requiring the incorporation of electric circuit breakers to ensure the safety of the vehicle and its occupants in case of malfunction of the electric battery and / or the associated electrical circuit, for example during an accident. The invention therefore aims primarily to protect the occupants of an electric automobile by setting the safety of the components of the power train. However, such a device can also be used in another field, aeronautical, space, maritime or other.
Le développement des véhicules électriques conduit à utiliser des batteries électriques à grande capacité de stockage et à forte puissance, par exemple des batteries à base de lithium. La sécurité d'utilisation d'une telle batterie électrique est donc une préoccupation majeure. Mais la sécurité d'un véhicule électrique ne dépend pas seulement de la batterie électrique. Il faut aussi optimiser la sécurité de tous les maillons de la chaîne de traction et de leur raccordement à la batterie, qui doivent aussi résister aux chocs et aux vibrations inhérents à un véhicule routier et par conséquent être électriquement isolés rapidement en cas de court-circuit, suite à un accident ou à une défaillance du composant lui-même.  The development of electric vehicles leads to the use of electric batteries with large storage capacity and high power, for example lithium-based batteries. The safety of use of such an electric battery is therefore a major concern. But the safety of an electric vehicle does not only depend on the electric battery. It is also necessary to optimize the safety of all the links of the power train and their connection to the battery, which must also withstand the shocks and vibrations inherent to a road vehicle and therefore be electrically isolated quickly in the event of a short circuit. following an accident or failure of the component itself.
Les principaux éléments de puissance à protéger électriquement sont donc, en premier lieu, les éléments de la batterie électrique, puis le groupe motopropulseur, le dispositif de récupération d'énergie cinétique (supercondensateurs), l'électronique de conversion de la tension continue en tension alternative, le système de pilotage de la puissance électrique fournie au moteur, etc..  The main power elements to be electrically protected are therefore, in the first place, the elements of the electric battery, then the powertrain, the kinetic energy recovery device (supercapacitors), the electronic conversion of the DC voltage into voltage alternative, the control system of the electric power supplied to the engine, etc.
II est donc indispensable de prévoir sur de tels véhicules des coupe-circuits électriques à actionnement rapide et fiable, permettant d'effectuer une mise en sécurité des composants défaillants. Cette mise en sécurité peut aussi être activée en cas d'anomalie de fonctionnement ou en cas d'accident majeur lorsqu'un ou plusieurs détecteurs ont émis un signal d'alarme et qu'un risque important existe pour les occupants (électrocution, intoxication, brûlure, ....). Plusieurs dispositifs et coupe-circuits ont été proposés. On connaît par exemple du document EP 1 502 683, un coupe-circuit à actionnement pyrotechnique muni d'un piston creux, d'un générateur de gaz en regard du piston et d'un conducteur électrique à sectionner. Le piston creux à l'intérieur duquel les gaz de combustion s'accumulent sous pression lors du déclenchement pyrotechnique se déplace et pousse un autre élément muni d'une sorte de couteau venant sectionner le conducteur. Ce dispositif est complexe parce qu'il nécessite un grand nombre de composants de précision relativement coûteux à réaliser. De plus, l'assemblage de ces composants implique la maîtrise d'opérations de montage et d'emboîtement à faible tolérance mécanique, ce qui rend délicat la robotisation pour atteindre des cadences de production élevées. De plus, ce dispositif peut présenter une mauvaise étanchéité conduisant à des fuites de gaz au moment de l'établissement de la pression pyrotechnique, pouvant compromettre le bon fonctionnement du coupe- circuit. It is therefore essential to provide such vehicles with electric circuit breakers fast and reliable actuation, making it possible to secure failing components. This trip can also be activated in the event of a malfunction or in the event of a major accident when one or more detectors have emitted an alarm signal and a significant risk exists for the occupants (electrocution, poisoning, burning, ....). Several devices and circuit breakers have been proposed. Document EP 1 502 683, for example, discloses a pyrotechnic circuit breaker provided with a hollow piston, a gas generator facing the piston and an electrical conductor to be sectioned. The hollow piston inside which the combustion gases accumulate under pressure during the pyrotechnic trip moves and pushes another element provided with a kind of knife cutting the driver. This device is complex because it requires a large number of relatively expensive precision components to achieve. In addition, the assembly of these components involves the control of assembly and nesting operations with low mechanical tolerance, which makes it difficult to achieve high production rates. In addition, this device may have a poor seal leading to gas leaks at the time of establishment of the pyrotechnic pressure, which may compromise the proper operation of the circuit breaker.
L'invention permet de surmonter toutes ces difficultés. Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne un interrupteur électrique à actionnement pyrotechnique comprenant, dans un même boîtier, un générateur de gaz à déclenchement pyrotechnique et une chambre à configuration variable associée audit générateur de gaz, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une lame conductrice constituant, avant ledit déclenchement pyrotechnique, une paroi de fond de ladite chambre, en ce que deux extrémités de ladite lame sont accessibles à l'extérieur du boîtier, en ce que cette paroi de fond comporte au moins une incision cassable pour séparer électriquement lesdites extrémités accessibles lorsque les gaz sont émis par ledit générateur de gaz, en ce qu'un espace de dégagement est défini de l'autre côté dudit générateur de gaz par rapport à ladite lame conductrice, permettant à une partie au moins partiellement rompue de ladite lame de s'y engager lors du déclenchement dudit générateur de gaz.  The invention overcomes all these difficulties. More particularly, the invention relates to an electric switch with pyrotechnic actuation comprising, in the same housing, a pyrotechnic trigger gas generator and a variable configuration chamber associated with said gas generator, characterized in that it further comprises a blade conductive constituent, before said pyrotechnic triggering, a bottom wall of said chamber, in that two ends of said blade are accessible outside the housing, in that this bottom wall comprises at least one breakable incision for electrically separating said accessible ends when the gases are emitted by said gas generator, in that a clearance space is defined on the other side of said gas generator with respect to said conductive blade, allowing an at least partially broken portion of said blade to engage in it when triggering said gas generator.
Autrement dit, dans sa version la plus élémentaire, le générateur de gaz à actionnement pyrotechnique est directement en regard de la lame à sectionner qui forme une paroi d'une chambre dont le volume est appelé à varier lors du déclenchement, entraînant vers l'espace de dégagement au moins une partie de ladite paroi de fond constituée par la lame. Par exemple, le boîtier est obtenu par surmoulage plastique.In other words, in its most basic version, the pyrotechnic gas generator is directly opposite the cutting blade which forms a wall of a chamber whose volume is called to vary upon release, leading to space at least a portion of said bottom wall formed by the blade. For example, the housing is obtained by plastic overmolding.
Avantageusement, l'espace de dégagement défini de l'autre côté dudit générateur de gaz est muni de parois en dépouille négatives permettant le frottement de la partie rompue de ladite lame tout au long de sa course à l'intérieur dudit l'espace de dégagement. Advantageously, the clearance space defined on the other side of said gas generator is provided with negative clearance walls allowing the friction of the broken part of said blade throughout its travel inside said clearance space. .
Le frottement de la partie rompue de la lame sur les bords en dépouille de l'espace de dégagement permet de conserver l'étanchéité de ladite chambre à configuration variable pendant tout le déplacement de la partie rompue de la lame. Les gaz de combustion dudit un générateur de gaz à déclenchement pyrotechnique restent ainsi confinés dans ladite chambre à configuration variable assurant sa pressurisation.  The friction of the broken part of the blade on the edges of the clearance clearance allows to maintain the sealing of said variable configuration chamber during the entire displacement of the broken part of the blade. The combustion gases of a pyrotechnic trigger gas generator thus remain confined in said variable configuration chamber ensuring its pressurization.
Le coupe-circuit ainsi obtenu est de faible masse et de faible encombrement et il est particulièrement bien adapté à une production en série, robotisée. Cette production robotisée peut être en effet organisée de façon très simple autour d'une presse à injecter réalisant ainsi par surmoulage plastique, le boîtier extérieur refermant le générateur de gaz et la lame. The circuit breaker thus obtained is of low mass and small footprint and is particularly well suited to mass production, robotic. This robotic production can indeed be organized in a very simple manner around an injection molding machine thus producing by plastic overmolding, the outer casing closing the gas generator and the blade.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, un élément mobile d'étanchéité est interposé entre le générateur de gaz et la lame conductrice.  According to an advantageous embodiment, a movable sealing element is interposed between the gas generator and the conductive blade.
Par exemple, cet élément mobile d'étanchéité forme un bouchon coulissant interposé dans ladite chambre à configuration variable entre le générateur de gaz et ladite lame sectionnable, avant déclenchement pyrotechnique.  For example, this movable sealing element forms a sliding plug interposed in said variable configuration chamber between the gas generator and said sectionalable blade, before pyrotechnic triggering.
Cet élément contribue à éviter que la rupture de la lame conduise à une fuite de gaz provoquant une dépressurisation. Une telle dépressurisation pourrait en effet induire l'extinction de la charge pyrotechnique dès les premiers instants de fonctionnement ou pourrait rendre insuffisante la pression appliquée à la lame, avec pour conséquence une rupture non franche et donc une coupure électrique partielle ou trop lente.  This element helps to prevent the rupture of the blade leading to a gas leak causing depressurization. Such a depressurization could indeed induce the extinction of the pyrotechnic charge from the first moments of operation or could make insufficient the pressure applied to the blade, resulting in a non-free break and thus a partial or too slow electrical cut.
Selon une variante, l'élément mobile d'étanchéité est un soufflet fermé dont une embouchure est raccordée à une sortie dudit générateur de gaz. Dans ce cas, le gaz reste confiné dans le soufflet après déclenchement pyrotechnique et provoque la dilatation de ce dernier, cette dilatation venant rompre ladite lame. According to one variant, the movable sealing element is a closed bellows, a mouthpiece of which is connected to an outlet of said gas generator. In this case, the gas remains confined in the bellows after pyrotechnic triggering and causes the expansion of the latter, this expansion coming to break said blade.
Selon les variantes définies ci-dessus, on évite aussi que les résidus gazeux de combustion, qui peuvent être conducteurs, viennent en contact avec les extrémités cassées de la lame. On obtient ainsi une meilleure isolation électrique.  According to the variants defined above, it is also avoided that the combustion gas residues, which may be conductive, come into contact with the broken ends of the blade. This results in better electrical insulation.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle- ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, de plusieurs interrupteurs électriques à actionnement pyrotechnique conformes à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faites en référence aux dessins non limitatifs annexés dans lesquels :  The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows, of several electrical switches with pyrotechnic actuation in accordance with its principle, given solely by way of example and made in reference to the accompanying non-limiting drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention ;  - Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe du même dispositif assemblé ;  - Figure 2 is a sectional view of the same assembled device;
- les figures 3A et 3B sont des vues schématiques simplifiées correspondant au mode de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, pour illustrer le fonctionnement ;  FIGS. 3A and 3B are simplified schematic views corresponding to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, to illustrate the operation;
- les figures 4A et 4B sont des vues analogues aux figures 3A, 3B, illustrant une variante du même mode de réalisation ;  FIGS. 4A and 4B are views similar to FIGS. 3A, 3B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment;
- la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention ;  - Figure 5 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of a device according to the invention;
- les figures 6A et 6B sont des vues schématiques simplifiées correspondant au mode de réalisation de la figure 5, pour illustrer le fonctionnement ;  FIGS. 6A and 6B are simplified schematic views corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 5, to illustrate the operation;
- les figures 7 A et 7B sont des vues analogues aux figures 6A et 6B, illustrant une variante du même mode de réalisation ;  FIGS. 7A and 7B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment;
- les figures 8A et 8B sont des vues analogues aux figures 6A et 6B, illustrant une variante du même mode de réalisation ;  FIGS. 8A and 8B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment;
- les figures 9A et 9B sont des vues analogues aux figures 6A et FIGS. 9A and 9B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and
6B, illustrant une variante du même mode de réalisation ; 6B, illustrating a variant of the same embodiment;
- les figures 10A et 10B sont des vues analogues aux figures 6A et 6B illustrant une variante du même mode de réalisation ;  FIGS. 10A and 10B are views similar to FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrating a variant of the same embodiment;
- les figures 11A et 11B sont des vues analogues aux figures 6A et 6B illustrant un autre mode de réalisation ; - les figures 12A et 12B sont des vues analogues aux figures 11A et 11B illustrant une variante ; et - Figures 11A and 11B are views similar to Figures 6A and 6B illustrating another embodiment; - Figures 12A and 12B are views similar to Figures 11A and 11B illustrating a variant; and
- les figures 13A et 13B illustrent un troisième mode de réalisation, en coupe, avant et après déclenchement, respectivement.  FIGS. 13A and 13B illustrate a third embodiment, in section, before and after tripping, respectively.
En considérant plus particulièrement les figures 1, 2 et 3A, 3B, on a représenté un interrupteur électrique 11 formant rupteur, à actionnement pyrotechnique comprenant un boîtier 13 et un générateur de gaz 15 à déclenchement pyrotechnique installé dans ledit boîtier où se trouve définie une chambre 17 dont la configuration varie lorsque des gaz sont émis par ledit générateur de gaz. Dans l'exemple, comme on le verra plus loin, le volume de cette chambre augmente lorsque les gaz sous pression sont émis par le générateur de gaz 15. Une lame conductrice 19, rectangulaire, par exemple en cuivre, traverse le boîtier 13. Ses extrémités 20a, 20b font saillie à l'extérieur du boîtier et sont donc accessibles pour permettre un raccordement électrique de l'interrupteur, c'est-à-dire son insertion dans un circuit électrique à sécuriser.  Referring more particularly to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3A, 3B, there is shown an electric switch 11 forming a pyrotechnic actuator comprising a housing 13 and a pyrotechnic trigger gas generator 15 installed in said housing where a chamber is defined. 17 whose configuration varies when gases are emitted by said gas generator. In the example, as will be seen below, the volume of this chamber increases when the pressurized gases are emitted by the gas generator 15. A conductive blade 19, rectangular, for example copper, through the housing 13. Its ends 20a, 20b protrude outside the housing and are therefore accessible to allow electrical connection of the switch, that is to say its insertion into an electrical circuit to secure.
Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, dans la situation précédant le déclenchement pyrotechnique (c'est-à-dire avant l'allumage du générateur de gaz et l'émission de gaz sous pression, ici dans la chambre 17), une paroi 19a de la chambre 17 est constituée par la lame conductrice et plus particulièrement par la partie médiane de celle-ci. De plus, cette paroi 19a qui forme la paroi de fond de la chambre 17, opposée au générateur de gaz 15, comporte au moins une incision cassable 22 (ou toute autre pré-découpe) pour séparer électriquement lesdites extrémités accessibles 20a, 20b de la lame lorsque les gaz sont émis par le générateur de gaz, c'est-à-dire lorsque le volume de la chambre 17 augmente brusquement.  According to an important characteristic of the invention, in the situation preceding the pyrotechnic trip (that is to say before the ignition of the gas generator and the emission of pressurized gas, here in the chamber 17), a wall 19a of the chamber 17 is constituted by the conductive blade and more particularly by the middle part thereof. In addition, this wall 19a which forms the bottom wall of the chamber 17, opposite to the gas generator 15, comprises at least one breakable incision 22 (or any other pre-cut) for electrically separating said accessible ends 20a, 20b of the blade when the gases are emitted by the gas generator, that is to say when the volume of the chamber 17 increases sharply.
De plus, un espace de dégagement 21 est défini de l'autre côté du générateur de gaz par rapport à la lame conductrice 19 formant la paroi de fond de la chambre 17 avant déclenchement. Une partie au moins partiellement rompue de la lame, c'est-à-dire ladite paroi de fond 19a peut ainsi s'engager dans l'espace de dégagement lors du déclenchement du générateur de gaz 15. Par exemple, un telle incision 22 cassable est conformée pour permettre un détachement complet d'une partie de ladite lame (en l'occurrence la paroi de fond 19a de la chambre 17) et son entraînement dans ledit espace de dégagement 21, sous l'action de ces gaz. In addition, a clearance space 21 is defined on the other side of the gas generator with respect to the conductive plate 19 forming the bottom wall of the chamber 17 before triggering. At least partially broken part of the blade, that is to say said bottom wall 19a can thus engage in the clearance space during the triggering of the gas generator 15. For example, such a breakable incision 22 is shaped to allow complete detachment of a portion of said blade (in this case the bottom wall 19a of the chamber 17) and its driving into said clearance space 21, under the action of these gases.
Avantageusement, on a pratiqué dans la lame deux incisions 22 parallèles transversales situées au voisinage des limites de la chambre 17. Les deux autres côtés de la lame (dans la direction longitudinale de celle- ci) se situent au voisinage des deux bords de l'ouverture de l'espace de dégagement 21.  Advantageously, two transverse parallel incisions 22 located in the vicinity of the limits of the chamber 17 have been made in the blade. The other two sides of the blade (in the longitudinal direction thereof) are in the vicinity of the two edges of the blade. opening of clearance space 21.
Sur les figures 1 et 2 qui illustrent une réalisation industrielle facilement automatisable, on voit que le générateur de gaz 15 est contenu dans un réceptacle 25 fermé, globalement cylindrique, dans lequel pénètrent deux broches électriques 26, pour la mise à feu de la charge. Ce réceptacle est prolongé par une embase rectangulaire 27 (ou carrée) définissant une ouverture rectangulaire bordée par deux nervures parallèles 28 entre lesquelles s'insèrent la lame 19. Le réceptacle 25 est engagé dans un manchon 29 comprenant une ouverture rectangulaire 30 et deux fentes 31 permettant le passage de la lame. Un godet fermé 33, assemblé au manchon 29 définit ledit espace de dégagement.  In FIGS. 1 and 2 which illustrate an easily automatable industrial embodiment, it can be seen that the gas generator 15 is contained in a generally cylindrical closed receptacle 25 into which two electrical pins 26 penetrate, for firing the charge. This receptacle is extended by a rectangular base 27 (or square) defining a rectangular opening bordered by two parallel ribs 28 between which the blade 19 is inserted. The receptacle 25 is engaged in a sleeve 29 comprising a rectangular opening 30 and two slots 31 allowing the passage of the blade. A closed cup 33, assembled to the sleeve 29 defines said clearance space.
Le réceptacle 25, le manchon 29 et le godet 33 peuvent être en matière plastique et assemblés comme représenté par soudage ou tout autre procédé. Ils défissent alors le boîtier 13.  The receptacle 25, the sleeve 29 and the bucket 33 may be of plastics material and assembled as shown by welding or any other method. They then defeat the housing 13.
En outre, pour améliorer la fiabilité du dispositif, un godet ouvert 35 à section rectangulaire est inséré dans le godet fermé 33. Il comporte une margelle rectangulaire 36 reposant sur un épaulement 37 du godet fermé 33. La margelle 36 comporte une incision rectangulaire 39 située en regard du pourtour de la paroi de fond 19a définie dans la lame. Ainsi, la partie centrale du godet ouvert 35 est conçue pour se séparer de la partie extérieure de la margelle et accompagner la paroi 19a dans ledit espace de dégagement 21. Deux joints 41, 42 rectangulaires sont interposés entre la lame et l'ouverture correspondante du godet ouvert. Ces joints se situent de part et d'autre de l'incision rectangulaire 39.  In addition, to improve the reliability of the device, an open cup 35 with a rectangular section is inserted into the closed cup 33. It comprises a rectangular lip 36 resting on a shoulder 37 of the closed cup 33. The lip 36 has a rectangular incision 39 located facing the periphery of the bottom wall 19a defined in the blade. Thus, the central portion of the open cup 35 is designed to separate from the outer portion of the lip and accompany the wall 19a in said clearance space 21. Two rectangular seals 41, 42 are interposed between the blade and the corresponding opening of the open cup. These joints are located on either side of the rectangular incision 39.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif se déduit aisément de la comparaison des coupes schématiques simplifiées des figures 3A, 3B.  The operation of the device is easily deduced from the comparison of simplified schematic sections of Figures 3A, 3B.
Lors du déclenchement pyrotechnique, les gaz sous pression s'accumulent dans la chambre 17 et provoquent la rupture des deux incisions 22 de la lame 19, entraînant la paroi de fond 19a de la chambre 17, dans son ensemble, vers le fond de l'espace de dégagement 21. La liaison électrique entre les extrémités 20a, 20b de la lame est définitivement interrompue. Comme la section de l'espace de dégagementDuring the pyrotechnic trip, the pressurized gases accumulate in the chamber 17 and cause the rupture of the two incisions 22 of the blade 19, causing the bottom wall 19a of the chamber 17, as a whole, towards the bottom of the clearance space 21. The electrical connection between the ends 20a, 20b of the blade is permanently interrupted. Like the section of the clearance space
21 diminue de l'ouverture vers le fond du godet, la paroi 19a rompue s'incruste dans ledit espace de dégagement et reste bloquée» ce qui empêche tout contact intermittent ultérieur entre les deux extrémités de la lame rompue. 21 decreases from the opening to the bottom of the bucket, the broken wall 19a is incrusted in said clearance space and remains locked " which prevents any subsequent intermittent contact between the two ends of the broken blade.
Après rupture de la margelle 36 l'étanchéité du côté de l'espace de dégagement 21 empêchant le gaz d'y pénétrer est assurée par le joint 42, la paroi de fond 19a et la portion la plus interne du godet 35 rompu qui frotte contre la paroi de l'espace 21.  After rupture of the lip 36 the seal on the side of the clearance space 21 preventing the gas from entering is provided by the seal 42, the bottom wall 19a and the innermost portion of the broken bucket 35 which rubs against the wall of space 21.
Dans les variantes et les modes de réalisation qui vont maintenant être décrits, les éléments de structure analogues portent les mêmes références numériques.  In the variants and embodiments which will now be described, the similar structural elements bear the same numerical references.
Par exemple, il n'est pas nécessaire de détacher complètement la paroi de fond de la chambre 17. La lame peut comporter au moins une zone de pliage pour permettre à au moins une partie de ladite lame rompue de plier et de s'engager dans l'espace de dégagement. C'est ce qu'illustre les figures 4A et 4B. Selon cette variante, une seule incision cassable 22 transversale est prévue au milieu de la paroi de fond 19a. Deux amincissements parallèles de la lame, situés de part et d'autre de l'incision près des bords de la chambre 17 et parallèlement à l'incision définissent deux zones de pliage 45. Ainsi, au moment du déclenchement pyrotechnique, la paroi de fond 19a se rompt en son milieu et les deux parties de ladite paroi plient et s'engagent dans l'espace de dégagement 21 en se déformant de façon permanente. La situation finale est illustrée à la figure 4B et la continuité électrique est interrompue entre les extrémités 20a, 20b.  For example, it is not necessary to completely detach the bottom wall of the chamber 17. The blade may comprise at least one folding zone to allow at least a portion of said broken blade to bend and engage in the clearance space. This is illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B. According to this variant, a single transverse breakable incision 22 is provided in the middle of the bottom wall 19a. Two parallel thinning of the blade located on either side of the incision near the edges of the chamber 17 and parallel to the incision define two folding zones 45. Thus, at the time of the pyrotechnic release, the bottom wall 19a breaks in the middle and the two parts of said wall bend and engage in the clearance space 21 by deforming permanently. The final situation is illustrated in FIG. 4B and the electrical continuity is interrupted between the ends 20a, 20b.
La figure 5 illustre un autre mode de réalisation dans une représentation semblable à celle de la figure 2. On retrouve un mode de réalisation avec une lame 19 comprenant deux incisions cassables 22 parallèles, au voisinage de deux bords opposés de l'ouverture dudit espace de dégagement. Ce mode de réalisation est remarquable en ce qu'un élément mobile d'étanchéité est incorporé entre ledit générateur de gaz et la lame conductrice 19. Il forme ici un bouchon coulissant 50 susceptible de se déplacer dans ladite chambre à configuration variable. Ce bouchon coulissant est interposé entre le générateur de gaz et la lame, avant déclenchement pyrotechnique. Son coulissement étanche empêche les gaz d'atteindre la lame pendant et après le déclenchement. FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment in a representation similar to that of FIG. 2. There is an embodiment with a blade 19 comprising two parallel breakable incisions 22, in the vicinity of two opposite edges of the opening of said gap space. clearance. This embodiment is remarkable in that a movable sealing element is incorporated between said gas generator and the conductive blade 19. It forms here a sliding plug 50 capable of moving in said variable configuration chamber. This sliding plug is interposed between the gas generator and the blade, before pyrotechnic release. Its watertight sliding prevents gases from reaching the blade during and after the trip.
Le fonctionnement de ce mode de réalisation apparaît avec évidence en comparant les figures 6A et 6B. Avant déclenchement (figure 6A), l'élément mobile d'étanchéité remplit pratiquement tout l'espace entre le générateur de gaz et la lame. Il prend appui sur sensiblement la totalité de la partie de la lame constituant la paroi de fond 19a. Après déclenchement (figure 6B), les gaz émis par le générateur restent confinés dans la chambre à configuration variable 17.  The operation of this embodiment is evident from comparing Figures 6A and 6B. Before firing (FIG. 6A), the movable sealing element fills practically all the space between the gas generator and the blade. It bears on substantially the entire portion of the blade constituting the bottom wall 19a. After triggering (FIG. 6B), the gases emitted by the generator remain confined in the variable configuration chamber 17.
Les figures 7A et 7B illustrent une variante de ce mode de réalisation selon laquelle une unique incision cassable 22 est définie au milieu de ladite paroi de fond 19a et deux zones de pliage 45 sont définies de part et d'autre de celle-ci, comme dans le mode de réalisation des figures 4A et 4B. Le fonctionnement est semblable à la différence près que l'incision 22 est cassée par le bouchon coulissant 50 déplacé sous l'effet de l'augmentation de pression dans la chambre.  FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate a variant of this embodiment according to which a single breakable incision 22 is defined in the middle of said bottom wall 19a and two folding zones 45 are defined on either side thereof, as in the embodiment of Figures 4A and 4B. The operation is similar with the difference that the incision 22 is broken by the sliding plug 50 moved under the effect of the pressure increase in the chamber.
La variante des figures 8A et 8B est semblable au mode de réalisation des figures 6A et 6B à la différence près que le bouchon coulissant 50 est solidarisé à ladite paroi de fond 19a délimitée par les deux incisions cassables. Le fonctionnement est identique à celui des modes de réalisation des figures 6A et 5B.  The variant of FIGS. 8A and 8B is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 6A and 6B, with the difference that the sliding plug 50 is secured to said bottom wall 19a delimited by the two breakable incisions. The operation is identical to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 6A and 5B.
Dans le mode des figures 9A et 9B, le bouchon coulissant 50a présente un prolongement latéral 53 formant nervure, qui prend appui sur une partie de ladite paroi de fond 19a jouxtant une unique incision cassable 22 localisée près d'un bord transversal de cette paroi. Une zone de pliage 45 est définie parallèlement à l'incision cassable 22 au voisinage de l'autre extrémité de ladite paroi d'extrémité. Au moment du déclenchement pyrotechnique, l'incision 22 se rompt et le prolongement latéral du bouchon coulissant facilite le pliage comme le montre la figure 9B.  In the mode of FIGS. 9A and 9B, the sliding plug 50a has a lateral extension 53 forming a rib, which bears on a portion of said bottom wall 19a adjacent to a single breakable incision 22 located near a transverse edge of this wall. A folding zone 45 is defined parallel to the breakable incision 22 in the vicinity of the other end of said end wall. At the time of the pyrotechnic release, the incision 22 breaks and the lateral extension of the sliding plug facilitates folding as shown in FIG. 9B.
Selon la variante des figures 10A et 10B, ladite paroi de fond comporte une seule incision cassable 22, en son milieu et deux zones de pliage 45 situées de part et d'autre de celle-ci près des extrémités de l'ouverture de l'espace de dégagement 21. En outre, le bouchon coulissant 50b est pourvu d'une nervure saillante 56 prenant appui, avant déclenchement, contre la paroi de fond 19a, parallèlement à ladite incision cassable. Après déclenchement, la situation est celle de la figure 10B, les gaz étant confinés dans la chambre, grâce au bouchon coulissant 50b. According to the variant of FIGS. 10A and 10B, said bottom wall comprises a single breakable incision 22 at its center and two folding zones 45 located on either side of the latter near the ends of the opening of the clearance space 21. In addition, the sliding plug 50b is provided with a projecting rib 56 bearing, before release, against the bottom wall 19a, parallel to said incision breakable. After triggering, the situation is that of FIG. 10B, the gases being confined in the chamber, thanks to the sliding plug 50b.
La variante des figures 11A et 11B est semblable à celle des figures 6A et 6B en ce qui concerne la structure de la lame 19. En revanche, l'élément mobile d'étanchéité 50c fait corps, avant déclenchement pyrotechnique, avec un étui 58 dudit générateur de gaz 15 et cet étui comporte latéralement une zone cassable 59 permettant, au moment du déclenchement pyrotechnique, la séparation de la partie inférieure de l'étui qui joue alors le même rôle que le bouchon coulissant décrit ci-dessus.  The variant of FIGS. 11A and 11B is similar to that of FIGS. 6A and 6B with respect to the structure of the blade 19. On the other hand, the movable sealing element 50c is, before pyrotechnic release, a body 58 with a case 58 gas generator 15 and this case has laterally a breakable zone 59 allowing, at the time of pyrotechnic release, the separation of the lower part of the case which then plays the same role as the sliding cap described above.
La variante des figures 12A et 12B est semblable à celle des figures 9A et 9B pour ce qui concerne la structure de la lame 19 et la forme de l'élément mobile d'étanchéité mais celui-ci fait corps, avant déclenchement pyrotechnique avec l'étui 58 dudit générateur de gaz 15 et présente une zone cassable 59a permettant au bouchon coulissant de se détacher sous l'effet de la pression des gaz.  The variant of FIGS. 12A and 12B is similar to that of FIGS. 9A and 9B as regards the structure of the blade 19 and the shape of the movable sealing element, but it forms a body, before pyrotechnic release with the case 58 of said gas generator 15 and has a breakable zone 59a allowing the sliding plug to detach under the effect of the pressure of the gas.
Enfin, selon le mode de réalisation des figures 13A et 13B, ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité est un soufflet fermé 60 installé dans la chambre à configuration variable 17 et dont une embouchure est raccordée à une sortie dudit générateur de gaz. Avant déclenchement, la situation est illustrée à la figure 13A, le soufflet 60 étant rétracté sur lui- même. La structure de la lame est conforme à celle de la figure 5, par exemple. Après déclenchement (figure 13B), les gaz provoquent une élongation du soufflet 60 à l'intérieur de ladite chambre à configuration variable 17, ce qui provoque la rupture des deux incisions et le déplacement de ladite paroi de fond 19a à l'intérieur de l'espace de dégagement 21. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les gaz de combustion restent confinés à l'intérieur du soufflet 60.  Finally, according to the embodiment of Figures 13A and 13B, said movable sealing member is a closed bellows 60 installed in the variable configuration chamber 17 and a mouthpiece is connected to an output of said gas generator. Before triggering, the situation is illustrated in FIG. 13A, the bellows 60 being retracted on itself. The structure of the blade is in accordance with that of Figure 5, for example. After triggering (FIG. 13B), the gases cause elongation of the bellows 60 inside said variable configuration chamber 17, which causes the two incisions to break and the said bottom wall 19a to move inside the chamber. In this embodiment, the combustion gases remain confined inside the bellows 60.
Il est clair que l'invention n'est pas limité aux seuls modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus mais comprennent notamment toutes les combinaisons possibles entre les éléments de structure des différentes variantes, notamment la structure de la lame et celle de l'élément mobile d'étanchéité formant soit un bouchon coulissant, soit un soufflet fermé.  It is clear that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above but include in particular all possible combinations between the structural elements of the various variants, in particular the structure of the blade and that of the movable element. seal forming either a sliding plug or a closed bellows.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Interrupteur électrique à actionnement pyrotechnique comprenant, dans un même boîtier, un générateur de gaz (15) à déclenchement pyrotechnique et une chambre à configuration variable (17) associée audit générateur de gaz, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une lame conductrice (19) constituant, avant ledit déclenchement pyrotechnique, une paroi de fond (19a) de ladite chambre (17), en ce que deux extrémités (20a, 20b) de ladite lame sont accessibles à l'extérieur du boîtier, en ce que cette paroi d'extrémité comporte au moins une incision cassable (22) pour séparer électriquement lesdites extrémités accessibles lorsque les gaz sont émis par ledit générateur de gaz et en ce qu'un espace de dégagement (21) est défini de l'autre côté dudit générateur de gaz par rapport à ladite lame conductrice, permettant à une partie au moins partiellement rompue de ladite lame de s'y engager lors du déclenchement dudit générateur de gaz. Electric pyrotechnic actuation switch comprising, in the same housing, a gas generator (15) with pyrotechnic release and a variable configuration chamber (17) associated with said gas generator, characterized in that it further comprises a blade conductor (19) constituting, before said pyrotechnic trip, a bottom wall (19a) of said chamber (17), in that two ends (20a, 20b) of said blade are accessible outside the housing, in that this end wall comprises at least one breakable incision (22) for electrically separating said accessible ends when the gases are emitted by said gas generator and in that a clearance space (21) is defined on the other side of said gas generator with respect to said conductive blade, allowing an at least partially broken part of said blade to engage in it when triggering said gas generator.
2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément mobile d'étanchéité (50, 60) est interposé entre ledit générateur de gaz (15) et ladite lame conductrice (19).  2. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that a movable sealing member (50, 60) is interposed between said gas generator (15) and said conductive blade (19).
3. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité forme un bouchon coulissant (50) interposé dans ladite chambre à configuration variable, entre le générateur de gaz et ladite lame avant déclenchement pyrotechnique.  3. Switch according to claim 2, characterized in that said movable sealing member forms a sliding plug (50) interposed in said variable configuration chamber, between the gas generator and said blade before pyrotechnic release.
4. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité est un soufflet fermé (60) installé dans ladite chambre à configuration variable (17) dont une embouchure est raccordée à une sortie dudit générateur de gaz.  4. Switch according to claim 2, characterized in that said movable sealing member is a closed bellows (60) installed in said variable configuration chamber (17), a mouth of which is connected to an outlet of said gas generator.
5. Interrupteur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une incision cassable (22) est conformée pour permettre un détachement complet d'une partie de ladite lame (19) et son entraînement dans ledit espace de dégagement (21) par ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité.  5. Switch according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said at least one breakable incision (22) is shaped to allow complete detachment of a portion of said blade (19) and its drive into said clearance space (21). ) by said movable sealing member.
6. Interrupteur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite lame comporte au moins une zone de pliage (45) pour permettre un pliage d'au moins une partie de ladite lame rompue et son engagement dans ledit espace de dégagement (21) par ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité. 6. Switch according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said blade comprises at least one folding zone (45) to allow a folding of at least a portion of said broken blade and its engagement in said clearance space (21) by said movable sealing member.
7. Interrupteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux zones de pliage (45) définies de part et d'autre de ladite incision cassable (22).  7. Switch according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises two folding zones (45) defined on either side of said breakable incision (22).
8. Interrupteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une seule zone de pliage (45) et une seule incision cassable (22).  8. Switch according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a single folding zone (45) and a single breakable incision (22).
9. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité comporte une nervure (53, 9. Switch according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that said movable sealing member comprises a rib (53,
56) au voisinage de ladite incision cassable (22). 56) in the vicinity of said breakable incision (22).
10. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément mobile d'étanchéité fait corps, avant déclenchement pyrotechnique, avec un étui (58) dudit générateur de gaz et en ce que cet étui comporte une zone cassable (59).  10. Switch according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that said movable sealing member is a body, before pyrotechnic release, with a case (58) of said gas generator and in that this case has a breakable zone (59).
EP11712991A 2010-03-15 2011-03-11 Electric circuit breaker with pyrotechnic actuation Withdrawn EP2548213A1 (en)

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FR1051816A FR2957452B1 (en) 2010-03-15 2010-03-15 ELECTRIC SWITCH WITH PYROTECHNIC ACTUATION
PCT/FR2011/050494 WO2011114045A1 (en) 2010-03-15 2011-03-11 Electric circuit breaker with pyrotechnic actuation

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WO2011114045A1 (en) 2011-09-22
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FR2957452A1 (en) 2011-09-16
US20130056344A1 (en) 2013-03-07
CA2793337A1 (en) 2011-09-22
RU2568302C2 (en) 2015-11-20
CN103003907A (en) 2013-03-27
RU2012142547A (en) 2014-04-20
MX2012010593A (en) 2012-11-23
JP2013522834A (en) 2013-06-13

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