Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B23/00—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
  • F16B23/0007—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool characterised by the shape of the recess or the protrusion engaging the tool
  • F16B23/003—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool characterised by the shape of the recess or the protrusion engaging the tool star-shaped or multi-lobular, e.g. Torx-type, twelve-point star

Definitions

• the invention relates to a drive training for a rotary drive, in particular for a screw drive training, as well as a drive training of the associated tool.
• the invention is based on the object to provide a screw drive training that allows the application of increased torque, does not cause forces to squeeze the tool and allows a long life of the associated tools.
• the invention proposes a drive training with the features of claim 1 and a drive training with the features of claim 2. Further developments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.
• the proposed by the invention drive training thus makes it possible that the area surrounding the wing area can be exploited in addition to the application of torque. In special cases, it is even possible to take advantage of only the end depressions in this surface or the example designed as ribs end projections. - -
• the end depressions which may be formed, for example, as notches or grooves, have a bottom which extends approximately transversely to the longitudinal axis of the screw or the tool.
• the end projections have an axially directed underside which is approximately transverse to the longitudinal axis of the screw or tool.
• the proposed drive training has at least two axially adjoining wing portions with different cross-sectional size, wherein at a drive recess of the further penetrating into the screw head second region is smaller than the farther outer first region.
• the second area can be oriented to the smaller size of a countersunk head in the area farther from the end face, while the first area with the larger cross section can better utilize the larger diameter of the countersunk head in the outer area.
• no force occurs which tries to force the tool out of the recess.
• the proposed by the invention drive training can be formed on a workpiece, ie an element to be rotated by means of a tool.
• a workpiece ie an element to be rotated by means of a tool.
• the typical example of such a workpiece is a screw or a bolt.
• a screw For the rotary drive of such a workpiece is a tool that can then have the same drive training. If one wants to dispense with the full advantages of the invention or can, such a screw can also be with a conventional tool - - Turn, for example, has only an area in the form of a star with a circular core and radially outwardly projecting wings, or with a flat-head screwdriver. According to the invention can be provided in a development that the area surrounding the wing area is formed at a stage between two wing areas.
• the area surrounding the wing area is formed on a preferably flat end face.
• the second region has a smaller cross section.
• the dimensions of the cross section need not be smaller at all points.
• the width of the wings in both areas is the same.
• the side walls of the wings are the part to which the tool abuts on the workpiece during a rotational movement for transmitting a torque. Therefore, it makes sense that these surfaces are perpendicular to the rotational movement, so that here the tool is not forced out of the workpiece force component.
• the end walls of the wings of at least one area preferably of the area with the larger cross section, extend in the axial direction parallel to the axis.
• the side walls of the wings merge into the end wall of the respective wing and at the other end into the wall of the core.
• the transition between the end walls of the wings and the side walls of the wings is formed in at least one of the two areas by an edge. But it is also possible that this transition is rounded.
• an edge may be formed, or even a rounded transition.
• the wings of the larger cross-sectional area have a smaller radial length than the larger diameter cross-section wings of the larger area
• the wings of the larger cross-section area also have a bottom.
• the transition between the end wall of the wing and the bottom of the wing may be formed by an edge.
• the invention proposes according to a further feature that the end wall of the wing has a contour corresponding to a circular arc about the axis of the drive training.
• the transition between the side walls of the wings and the core may be formed by an edge, possibly also by a beveled edge.
• the course of the two wings defining a side walls of the wing can be inventively designed so that the side walls or their contour converge towards the wing tip, the angle moves in a very small area, since no real wing tip is desired.
• the contour of the side walls of the wings runs parallel to one another. It is even possible, as also proposed by the invention, that the side walls of the wings diverge in the direction of the wing tip.
• the contour of the side walls of the wings is bent, as well as the end wall of a wing.
• the outer contour of the drive training is composed of adjacent alternating concave and convex arcs.
• the size of the cross section is continuously reduced again, so that converge in an axial section, the side walls of the drive training in the direction of the ground, preferably along a concave towards the outside line.
• the drive training has two adjoining axially aligned areas of different size cross section.
• a third area with an even smaller cross-section adjoins axially aligned. There are thus formed in an axial section two stages, not just a step as in the training with two areas.
• This third area can now, for example, according to a first embodiment, have a circular cross-section, ie manage without wings. The side walls of this area with a circular cross-section can lie on a circular cone with a small angle.
• this third region has the cross-sectional shape of a star with a circular core and radially outwardly projecting wings.
• the features which have been mentioned and described for the wings and transitions in the first regions can also be given mutatis mutandis in the third region.
• the side walls of the core lie between the wings on a circular cone.
• FIG. 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of a
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of
• Figure 3 is a schematic section through the screw head of a screw
• Figure 4 is an end view of the screw head of Figure 3;
• Figure 5 shows a section through a screw head of a second
• Figure 6 is an end view of the screw of Figure 5;
• Figure 7 is a representation corresponding to Figure 1;
• FIG. 8 shows a representation corresponding to FIG
• Figure 9 is a side view of a screw drive training according to another embodiment. - -
• FIG. 9 a perspective view of the drive training of Figure 9; a side view of a screw drive training a still further embodiment; the perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 1 1; a perspective view of a modified compared to Figure 12 embodiment; the front view of a screw with a drive training of Figure 13; the axial section through the screw head end of a screw according to Figures 13 and 14; a side view of a screw drive training according to yet another embodiment; the perspective view of the training of Figure 16; one of Figure 16 corresponding side view of another embodiment; a representation corresponding to the figure 17 of the embodiment of Figure 18; an end view of a screw with a screw drive training of Figure 19; - -
• FIG. 21 a side view of a screw drive training another embodiment; the perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 21; a representation corresponding to Figure 22; the front view of a screw with an embodiment of the drive training similar to Figure 21; a section through the screw head end of the screw of Figure 24; the course of the contour of a screw drive recess in the region of a wing; a representation corresponding to Figure 26; a representation corresponding to Figures 26 and 27; a further embodiment of the course of the contour of the screw drive training; an axial section through another screw drive; the perspective view of the screw head of Figure 30; the perspective view of a tool for driving the screw in Figure 30 and 31; - -
• Figure 33 is an axial section through a further embodiment
• FIG. 34 shows an axial section corresponding to FIG. 33 through a further embodiment of a drive embodiment.
• the shape shown here can be regarded both as the drive end of a tool and as a shape of the recess in a workpiece to be driven in the direction of rotation. To simplify the description, it is assumed that it is the shape of the recess in a screw head, as shown for example in Figure 3 and Figure 5.
• the screw drive training includes a first region 1, which then starts from the end face 2 of a screw. At this first region 1, which has a first cross section, is followed by an optionally rounded step 3, a second region 4, which has a certain similarity with the first region. The second region 4 terminates in a flat-bottomed bottom 5.
• the shape of the cross section of the second region 4 and of the first region 1 can be seen, for example, from FIG.
• the cross section forms the shape of a star with a central core 6, to which in the illustrated example, six wings 7 radially outward.
• the wings 7 are arranged distributed uniformly over the circumference. This is useful, but not essential, because for special purposes and irregularly arranged wings may be useful. This makes it possible to produce screws that can only be operated with a special tool.
• the number of wings 7 in both areas 1, 4 is equal. Since the passage at a drive recess to the wings of the lower portion 4 by the - - -
• Wing 7 of the upper portion 1 is done and must be done, the wings 7 of the lower portion must lie directly below the wings 7 of the upper portion 1.
• the lower portion 4 may not have more wings 7 than the upper portion 1. He can have less wings. In the illustrated embodiments, however, the lower region 4 has the same number of vanes 7 as the upper region 1.
• the contour of the side walls of the core lies on a circular arc.
• the wings 7 have, as best seen in Figures 4 and 6, an end wall 8, two side walls 9 and a bottom 16, which is shorter in the first region 1 than the side walls 9.
• the bottom 16 forms during the axial transition to the end walls 18 of the smaller area 4 a step.
• This level 3 can, as shown in the side view of Figure 1, run rounded. But it can also form a sharp edge.
• the side walls 9 of the wings 7 extend radially and at least approximately parallel to each other.
• transition between the end wall 8 of a wing 7 and the side walls 9 of this wing 7 can be rounded, as can be seen from FIG.
• this transition 1 1 see Figure 2, rounded.
• From the front view of Figure 4 can be - - see that here also an edge 12 is formed.
• the rounded transition can also be seen in FIG.
• transition 21 between the end walls 8 and the side walls 9 of the wings 7 of the lower region 4 is rounded in the same way as in the upper region 1. It makes sense to design the transitions in both areas 1 and 4 in the same way, but it is also within the scope of the invention to make these transitions different in the two areas.
• the transition between the side walls 9 of the wings 7 and the wall 14 of the core 6 formed between the wings 7 extends along an inclined transition surface 15th
• level 3 can be rounded or sharp-edged.
• the contemplated Figures 9 and 10 show such an embodiment in which the transition between the end wall 8 of a wing and the bottom 16 of the wing is sharp-edged, and also the transition between the bottom 16 of the wing 7 and the end wall 18 of the underlying wing.
• the sharp edge and the rounded transition of this stage 3 can be given in both places. This sharp-edged transition is also clear from the perspective view of FIG. 10. - -
• FIGS. 11 to 20 show embodiments with three adjoining regions of different cross-sectional size.
• a region 20 with a circular cross section adjoins the first regions 1 and 4.
• the first two regions 1 and 4 with the exception of their axial extent, have the same construction as, for example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2.
• the third region 20, whose wall 21 lies on a circular cone surface, serves to guide the tool during the rotational movement. This is especially important at a high speed.
• This third area 20 then has a bottom 5 again as in the first embodiment.
• the third region is constructed identically to the embodiment of FIGS. 11 and 12, while the first two regions 1 and 4 are constructed as in the embodiment of FIG. 7 and FIG 8.
• the transition between the end walls 8 and the side walls 9 of the wings 7 is sharp-edged in the first two areas, while the transition of the steps 3 between the end wall 8 of the wing 7 and its bottom 16 and the bottom and the end wall 18 of the underlying Wing 7 rounded runs.
• FIG. 14 now shows a plan view of the end face 2 of a screw, which has a drive recess according to FIG. One sees the sharp-edged transitions between the end walls 8 and 18 and the side walls 9, which leads to the formation of an edge 13. - -
• FIG. 15 shows, for clarification, an axial section through the screw drive end of a screw which has such a drive recess. It can therefore be seen that at least approximately the radial distance between the outer contour of the countersunk head and the outer wall of the screw drive recess is the same everywhere.
• the third region 20 which adjoins axially the first regions 1 and 4 also has a cross-sectional shape of a star with a core and six vanes 7. Everything that was said about the transitions between the end walls, side walls and bottom of each wing is also true here for the transitions between the second and third sections and for the wings of the third section.
• Figures 19 and 20 show an embodiment of a drive training, in which the transitions between the end walls 8,18 of the wings 7 and the side walls 19 in all three areas 1, 4 and 20 are sharp-edged. As a result, sharp edges 13 are formed in all three areas 1, 4 and 20. Here, the transition between the end walls 8 and the bottom 16 is also sharp-edged. You can see the front view of Figure 20 these sharp-edged transitions.
• To the side walls of the core of the cross section in the individual areas is still to say that these side walls are in each embodiment on each of a circular cone surface 14, which one - - See both the side views and the perspective views.
• This taper also serves to center and guide the tool, thereby also keeping the tool axially aligned. This is especially important at high speeds.
• the centering serves to distribute the torque transmission as evenly as possible over the corresponding surfaces. It may be sufficient for sufficient centering and guidance that only the lower area has the conical shape.
• the first region 1 is constructed in the same way as in the previously discussed embodiments. This, however, is followed by a transition region, in which the end wall 38 of the vanes continuously reduces along a concave or even conical outer contour and merges into an end section 30 which, for example, corresponds to the end section of the embodiment according to FIGS. 16-18. It is also possible to regard the transition section and the end section 30 as a single section within which the cross-section continuously decreases.
• the transitions between the end walls 38 and the side walls 9 may also have the same features in this transition region as in the previously described embodiments in the areas 1, 4 and 20.
• FIG. 22 shows sharp-edged transitions between the side walls 9 and the end walls 8 and 38, while the transitions in the axial section are rounded. - -
• the transitions between the end walls 8 and 38 in the side walls 9 of the wings 7 are rounded.
• the first region 1 is still cylindrical and only the adjoining second region has a kind of trumpet shape
• Figures 24 and 25 show another embodiment.
• the first region is provided with a continuously tapering cross-sectional size
• the wings again have a cross-sectional size which is constant over the depth of the recess.
• the side walls of the core between the wings lie here again on a circular cone surface.
• a wing 7 is bounded by an end wall 8 and two side walls 9.
• the side walls 9 then merge into the outer wall 14 of the core of the star.
• the contour of the end wall 8 extends in the embodiments of Figure 26 to Figure 28 along a circular arc about the axis of the drive training, which coincides in a screw with the longitudinal axis of the screw.
• the contours of the side walls 9 run parallel to one another. - -
• the transition between the side walls 9 of the wings 7 and the outer wall 14 of the core may be either rounded, so that there is a throat 24 is formed. But it can also be formed by an edge 25, which is shown in each of the three figures in a wing 7. This is not meant to imply that these different transitions actually exist or must be present on a wing 7.
• the contours of the side walls 9 extend diverging starting from the central axis of the drive formation, at an angle in a range of, for example, 3 to 5 °.
• the contours of the two side walls 9 of the wing 7 converge starting from the central axis 26.
• the angle may be in the same angular range as in the embodiment of FIG. 27.
• the figure 29 differs now greatly from the previous figures.
• the transition between the core of the star and the wings 7 runs here gradually and continuously.
• the end wall 8 of a wing is formed by an arc, which no longer corresponds to a circular arc around the central axis 26, but is much more curved.
• the end wall goes without a kink or a special transition directly into a reverse curved contour, which is less curved.
• the outer contour of the screw drive formation is alternately formed by concave and convex curved lines.
• FIG. 30 shows an axial section through such a screw head.
• Rotary drive training in the form of a depression begins, starting from the lower end of the recess, in the same manner as the embodiment of Figure 1.
• a first region 4 is present, in which the cross section of the recess in the form of a Stern with a central core and six wings 7 has.
• the end walls 8 of the wings extend in the axial section parallel to the longitudinal axis.
• the area of the core 6 within the first area 4 between the wings 7 lies on a cone.
• a transition region in the form of a step 3 in which the side contour of the wings 7 is curved.
• the side contour of the wings 7 then goes over into the upper region, in which the original side contour of the wings 7 merges into a groove bottom.
• radially extending grooves 48 are formed in extension of the wings 7 of the lower region, which could of course also be referred to as wings. It is essential, see the perspective view of Figure 31, that in this on itself flat end face 2 more radial not reaching to the outer edge of the screw head grooves 48 are present, which form attack surfaces for a tool in both directions of rotation.
• a tool for rotary grip with a down, that is axially directed rib, a projection or the like attack This increases the attack surface, which in turn leads to a reduction in the surface pressure.
• FIG. 31 shows the shape of the transition between the radially extending grooves enabling an end-side engagement and the wings of the engagement section 4.
• the radially extending grooves 48 which form an end recess in the end face 2 of the illustrated screw, have a bottom which - - runs in the radial end region in a transverse plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the screw.
• the step transition 3 is designed so that the bottom of this stage is very close to a transverse plane.
• the invention proposes that the floor except for its transition into the two areas connected by the step 3 forms an angle of at most 45 ° with a plane extending transversely to the longitudinal axis. What is illustrated particularly clearly in the embodiment according to FIGS.
• FIG. 1 An example of the shape of such a tool is shown in FIG.
• the illustrated shape is the complement to the recess shape of Figures 30 and 31. It can be seen that on the tool from its free end starting six ribs 7 are present, which initially extend axially. Then they bend outwards in a curved shape and run in their end region radially and transversely to the longitudinal axis.
• Wing 7 in both areas 1, 4 may lie on a cone, as well as the area of the core 6 between the wings 7.
• FIG. 34 shows a further axial section, in which, in the section with the larger cross-sectional area, the core 6 lies in axial section on a cylindrical surface in the area between the wings 7.
• the end walls 8 of the wings 7 are, similar to the embodiment of Figure 33, in the said area on a conical surface, which has approximately the same angle to the longitudinal axis as in the embodiment of Figure 33.
• the walls of the core 6 and the end walls 8 of the wings 7 extend as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 21 to 23.
• the end wall 8 of the wings 7 could lie on a conical surface in the first region 1 and on a cylindrical surface in the second region 4. The same applies to the outer wall of the core 6 between the wings. 7

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
• Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
• Screw Conveyors (AREA)
• Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-03-18 DE DE102010003014.7A patent/DE102010003014B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2011
  • 2011-03-14 JP JP2012557512A patent/JP2013522560A/ja active Pending
  • 2011-03-14 US US13/634,595 patent/US20130011216A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-03-14 WO PCT/EP2011/053791 patent/WO2011113791A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-03-14 RU RU2012140417/12A patent/RU2012140417A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2011-03-14 AU AU2011229260A patent/AU2011229260A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-03-14 CA CA2790954A patent/CA2790954A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-03-14 BR BR112012023484A patent/BR112012023484A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-03-14 EP EP11708820A patent/EP2547919A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-03-14 CN CN2011800145984A patent/CN102947605A/zh active Pending

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