EP2527225A1 - Agencement d'antenne à induction magnétique - Google Patents

Agencement d'antenne à induction magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2527225A1
EP2527225A1 EP11167547A EP11167547A EP2527225A1 EP 2527225 A1 EP2527225 A1 EP 2527225A1 EP 11167547 A EP11167547 A EP 11167547A EP 11167547 A EP11167547 A EP 11167547A EP 2527225 A1 EP2527225 A1 EP 2527225A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
magnetic induction
tag
loop
antenna arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11167547A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2527225B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Eriksson
Anders Rehn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transportation Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bombardier Transportation GmbH filed Critical Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority to EP11167547.6A priority Critical patent/EP2527225B1/fr
Priority to ES11167547.6T priority patent/ES2578508T3/es
Priority to CN201110181564.6A priority patent/CN102800925B/zh
Publication of EP2527225A1 publication Critical patent/EP2527225A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2527225B1 publication Critical patent/EP2527225B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/126—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/121—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves using magnetic induction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2216—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3225—Cooperation with the rails or the road
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic induction antenna arrangement used for contract-free information transfer systems using magnetic coupling.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding method of data transmission using the magnetic induction antenna arrangement.
  • Such systems are for example in use for vehicles reading wayside tags during the journey.
  • the tags are used to send information from the trackside to passing trains.
  • a standardised method is the European Rail Traffic Management System referring to the tags with the French word balise.
  • the balise link is established when the train's antenna arrangement is passing above it.
  • the link is bi-directional and the frequencies used are radio short wave.
  • the downlink is used to transmit power to the balise.
  • the uplink is used to transmit data to the train.
  • the volume through which the contact-free information transfer between the tag and the magnetic induction antenna passing along it complies with the specified conditions, for example with respect to the transmitted activation power is referred to as contact volume.
  • the problem to be solved by the invention consists in designing a small magnetic induction antenna with maximised contact volume. This allows reading tags that are passed by the magnetic induction antenna at high speed.
  • Increasing the activation power i.e. increasing the electric current through the magnetic induction antenna arrangement
  • increasing the power is limited by the maximum acceptable power when the magnetic induction antenna is close to the tag. If that power is exceeded, the tag might be destroyed.
  • Another way to improve the contact volume is to increase the size of the antenna arrangement, but for example for railway applications there is a limit as to how big an antenna arrangement can be to fit under the train. Also for practical reasons, the antenna arrangement is restricted to being mounted at certain heights above the balise, not always the optimum height and lateral offsets have to be taken into account.
  • the magnetic induction antenna arrangement comprises an electrically conducting loop, which forms a first antenna for powering tags over the entire range from high to low distances between the first antenna and the tag by producing a first electromagnetic field.
  • the conducting loop or at least one second conducting loop forms at least one second antenna, which is arranged in such a manner that a second electromagnetic field produced by the second antenna partially cancels the first electromagnetic field produced by the first antenna.
  • the electric field's direction in the first antenna opposes the cancelling antenna's electric field. This can be achieved by inverting the winding direction.
  • the at least one second antenna partially cancels the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic field produced by the first antenna, where the flux is maximal, so that the total magnetic flux as a function of the position in the direction of travel is closer to a constant flux compared to the magnetic flux produced by the first antenna.
  • At least one recess within the loop forming the first antenna can form the at least one cancelling antenna (i.e. the second antenna).
  • the cancelling antenna(s) can also be separate loop(s) (i.e. winding), thus the invention relates to antenna arrangements comprising one or several loops.
  • a magnetic induction antenna arrangement for generating an electromagnetic field, thereby powering a tag by magnetic induction and for receiving information in return from the tag via a wireless transfer, wherein:
  • the concave and convex sections may be sharp edges and/or bends of the electrically conducting loop.
  • a standard rectangular loop having four edges comprises four convex sections (namely the edges) only.
  • Such a standard rectangular loop or any other loop, which has convex section only can be modified by forming at least one recess of the area, which is enclosed by the loop, by inserting at least one concave section.
  • each recess has at least two concave sections.
  • a recess can alternatively be formed by a single concave bend starting respectively ending at convex sections of the loop. Mixtures of concave and convex sections for forming a recess are also possible.
  • a single loop comprises two recesses which are arranged symmetrically to each other with respect to a straight line of symmetry cutting the loop into two halves.
  • the invention improves the contact volume so that small magnetic induction antenna arrangements can activate the tag along an extended distance, thus tags might be passed at high speed and the data transmission duration is sufficient to ensure dependability. This is suitable for railway applications with antenna arrangements on the vehicle reading wayside balises or with on board tags and wayside antenna arrangements.
  • the invention has positive consequences for the design of the on-board receiver. Since the magnetic coupling has been partially cancelled when the antenna is close to the tag it means that the dynamic range of the strength of the signal received by the train becomes smaller. The reduced dynamic range of the signal strength means that the on-board receiver can be made more accurate. Furthermore, the magnetic coupling between the antenna and any cables that might be placed near the track is affected in a similar way, making it less likely that undesired signals are picked up by the train.
  • a preferred embodiment is the magnetic induction antenna's use as a balise antenna beneath a rail vehicle for the European Rail Traffic Management System.
  • the antenna's downlink performance is judged by its ability to generate magnetic flux in a pre-defined reference loop located in various positions below the antenna.
  • the amount of magnetic flux shall stay within a specific interval because the balise is not required to operate outside that interval. If the flux level is too low there will not be enough energy to power the balise circuitry and if the flux level is too high the balise may experience permanent damage.
  • the contact volume is determined by the air gap and distance a train travels when passing a balise while maintaining the required flux. If the train is travelling very fast and the contact volume is too small, then there will not be enough time for the balise to power up and reliably transmit the data to the train.
  • the invention improves the contact volume so that data transmission can be performed successfully at very high train speeds.
  • the loop shape according to the preferred embodiment can be regarded as a number of superimposed antennas, for example the ordinary rectangular antenna together with some additional antennas that contribute in a negative manner when the antenna arrangement is close to the tag or reference loop.
  • Figure 1 shows the bird's eye view of a magnetic induction antenna arrangement according to the invention, which may be mounted beneath a railway vehicle.
  • the antenna system consists of a single conducting loop 1.
  • An outer first antenna 2 with rectangular shape and two inner antennas 3 partially cancelling the first antenna's 2 field at low distances between tag and antennas 2, 3 are formed.
  • These antennas 3 form recesses having concave sections in the conducting loop 1, i. e. some of the inner angles are reflex angles, i.e. >180°.
  • the magnetic induction antenna comprises a control unit 4.
  • the loop 1 powers a wayside tag 5 called "balise" being mounted between the two rails 6 of the railway track.
  • the area which is enclosed by the loop 1 comprises two recesses.
  • concave sections 8a, 8b; 8c, 8d of the recesses are sharp edges of loop's conducting material.
  • the convex sections of the loop 1, which are also sharp edges in the example, are denoted by 7a - 7h.
  • Four of the convex sections, namely sections 7c, 7d, 7g, 7h, are transitions between the first antenna 2 and the respective second antenna 3.
  • the two antennas 3 are symmetric to each other.
  • Figure 2 shows the magnetic flux in a reference loop that is situated below two different antenna arrangements at a certain height, as a function of longitudinal displacement.
  • the flux is at its maximum when the reference loop is centred below the antenna arrangements.
  • the dotted curve shows the flux from a state-of-the-art magnetic induction antenna arrangement with a rectangular antenna.
  • the solid curve shows the flux from a magnetic induction antenna arrangement according to the invention (in particular according to Fig. 1 ). Since the flux is dependent on the geometry of the antenna arrangements and the reference loop as well as the current in the antenna arrangement, it is possible to normalise the curves so that their maximum flux levels coincide. This is shown in the figure.
  • the invention's flux gradient is much lower. This is desirable and allows reading tags along a longer distance without exceeding the maximum transferred power.
  • Figure 3 shows the magnetic flux as a function of longitudinal displacement when the two antenna arrangements are located higher above the reference loop.
  • the difference in gradient is not so noticeable but that is less important since the flux is now higher for the antenna arrangement according to the invention for all values of displacement but never exceeding the maximum level when the antenna arrangements and reference loop were closer together. This means that the contact volume is always larger for the antenna arrangement according to the invention compared with the state-of-the-art antenna arrangement, regardless of the mounting height of the antenna arrangement.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
EP11167547.6A 2011-05-25 2011-05-25 Agencement d'antenne à induction magnétique Active EP2527225B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11167547.6A EP2527225B1 (fr) 2011-05-25 2011-05-25 Agencement d'antenne à induction magnétique
ES11167547.6T ES2578508T3 (es) 2011-05-25 2011-05-25 Instalación de antena de inducción magnética
CN201110181564.6A CN102800925B (zh) 2011-05-25 2011-06-23 磁感应天线装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11167547.6A EP2527225B1 (fr) 2011-05-25 2011-05-25 Agencement d'antenne à induction magnétique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2527225A1 true EP2527225A1 (fr) 2012-11-28
EP2527225B1 EP2527225B1 (fr) 2016-04-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11167547.6A Active EP2527225B1 (fr) 2011-05-25 2011-05-25 Agencement d'antenne à induction magnétique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2527225B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102800925B (fr)
ES (1) ES2578508T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2851262A1 (fr) 2013-09-18 2015-03-25 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Agencement d'antenne et procédé de détermination de la vitesse absolue d'un véhicule ferroviaire
CN105220588A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2016-01-06 青岛瑞铁电工科技有限公司 一种磁钢更换器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013220868A1 (de) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Eurobalisenfahrzeugeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Eurobalisenfahrzeugeinrichtung
AU2017272234B2 (en) * 2016-12-20 2021-12-02 Licensys Australasia Pty Ltd An antenna

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5914692A (en) * 1997-01-14 1999-06-22 Checkpoint Systems, Inc. Multiple loop antenna with crossover element having a pair of spaced, parallel conductors for electrically connecting the multiple loops
EP1227024A1 (fr) * 2001-01-22 2002-07-31 Alstom Dispositif et procédé pour la localisation ponctuelle d'un véhicule ferroviaire le long d'une voie ferrée équipée de balises et antenne destinée à équiper un tel dispositif
US20030197653A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2003-10-23 Russell Barber RFID antenna apparatus and system
FR2873341A1 (fr) * 2004-07-21 2006-01-27 Siemens Transp Systems Soc Par Dispositif de couplage electromagnetique, vehicule incorporant ledit dispositif
EP1701287A1 (fr) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-13 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen SBB Système d'identification et procédé de détection d'informations de mouvement
US20070100517A1 (en) 2003-07-02 2007-05-03 Bong-Taek Kim Atps for controlling train using data communication
EP1860597A1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen SBB Unité de transfert pour un système d'identification inductif et système d'identification inductif
WO2009059997A1 (fr) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-14 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Antenne inductive large bande pour systemes de communication sans contact

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5099227A (en) * 1989-07-18 1992-03-24 Indala Corporation Proximity detecting apparatus
CN101369682B (zh) * 2007-08-17 2013-08-14 数伦计算机技术（上海）有限公司 路面天线装置及其阵列

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5914692A (en) * 1997-01-14 1999-06-22 Checkpoint Systems, Inc. Multiple loop antenna with crossover element having a pair of spaced, parallel conductors for electrically connecting the multiple loops
EP1227024A1 (fr) * 2001-01-22 2002-07-31 Alstom Dispositif et procédé pour la localisation ponctuelle d'un véhicule ferroviaire le long d'une voie ferrée équipée de balises et antenne destinée à équiper un tel dispositif
US20030197653A1 (en) * 2002-04-22 2003-10-23 Russell Barber RFID antenna apparatus and system
US20070100517A1 (en) 2003-07-02 2007-05-03 Bong-Taek Kim Atps for controlling train using data communication
FR2873341A1 (fr) * 2004-07-21 2006-01-27 Siemens Transp Systems Soc Par Dispositif de couplage electromagnetique, vehicule incorporant ledit dispositif
EP1701287A1 (fr) * 2005-03-07 2006-09-13 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen SBB Système d'identification et procédé de détection d'informations de mouvement
EP1860597A1 (fr) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-28 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen SBB Unité de transfert pour un système d'identification inductif et système d'identification inductif
WO2009059997A1 (fr) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-14 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Antenne inductive large bande pour systemes de communication sans contact

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2851262A1 (fr) 2013-09-18 2015-03-25 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Agencement d'antenne et procédé de détermination de la vitesse absolue d'un véhicule ferroviaire
CN105220588A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2016-01-06 青岛瑞铁电工科技有限公司 一种磁钢更换器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102800925A (zh) 2012-11-28
ES2578508T3 (es) 2016-07-27
EP2527225B1 (fr) 2016-04-27
CN102800925B (zh) 2016-01-20

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