EP2516356B1 - Malleable solid explosive and method for obtaining it - Google Patents

Malleable solid explosive and method for obtaining it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2516356B1
EP2516356B1 EP10810850.7A EP10810850A EP2516356B1 EP 2516356 B1 EP2516356 B1 EP 2516356B1 EP 10810850 A EP10810850 A EP 10810850A EP 2516356 B1 EP2516356 B1 EP 2516356B1
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Prior art keywords
explosive
weight
malleable solid
polyols
malleable
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2516356A1 (en
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Bernard Mahe
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Eurenco SA
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Eurenco SA
Eurenco France SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new malleable solid explosive, which constitutes an alternative, or even an improvement, to the plastic explosives known to date (see below). It also relates to a process for obtaining said new malleable solid explosive.
  • the technical field of the invention is that of (blocks of) malleable (pasty) solid explosives, commonly called plastic explosives, initiated by a detonator, for military and civil use. They are generally used in the form of breads weighing a few hundred grams. The malleability of these loaves of explosives makes it possible to perfectly adapt their shapes to the contours of the objects or structures to be destroyed.
  • the first known plastic explosive called "gelignite” was invented by Alfred Nobel in 1875. It consisted of nitrocellulose dissolved in nitroglycerin and mixed with wood pulp and saltpeter.
  • the patent US 3,113,894 describes a heterogeneous propellant composition comprising inorganic oxidant particles dispersed in a liquid fuel matrix consisting essentially of a liquid synthetic organic polymer.
  • the patent DE 198 21 150 describes a malleable explosive charge containing from 70 to 95% by mass of a solid explosive charge and optionally a plasticizer preferably chosen from a non-crosslinked silicone, a polyethylene glycol, a polyisobutylene, a polyol or a wax.
  • plastic explosives contain an explosive charge (hexogen (RDX) and / or pentrite, for example), a polymeric binder rubber (most often synthetic such as butadiene-styrene gum or polyisobutylene ), a plasticizer (such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate or sebacate, di-n-octyl phthalate, tri-n-butyl citrate), and additives (such as dyes, antioxidants and detection).
  • RDX hexogen
  • pentrite a polymeric binder rubber
  • plasticizer such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate or sebacate, di-n-octyl phthalate, tri-n-butyl citrate
  • additives such as dyes, antioxidants and detection.
  • the plasticizer (generally present at mass rates of 2 to 5%) has the role of conferring on plastic explosives their malleability and a better mechanical resistance not requiring their conditioning in a structure (see the teaching of the prior art recalled here above, relating to malleable explosives without plasticizer).
  • the best known plastic explosives with this type of formulation are C-4 plastic and Semtex®, which are familiar to those skilled in the art. These plastic explosives therefore contain, in their composition, with reference to their plastic nature, a polymeric rubber binder (solid) associated with a plasticizer. These two inert components do not participate in the desired explosive effect.
  • the controlled dosage of the binder (polymer) and of the plasticizer generally introduced at a low rate (a few percent) within the energy charge of the plastic explosive, complicates the process for manufacturing the plastic explosive.
  • the inventor sought a new type of "plastic” explosive, more precisely a new malleable solid explosive, more interesting in terms of composition (without plasticizer), of performance (with “less diluted” energy charge) and manufacturing process (simpler).
  • the present invention therefore relates to an original malleable solid explosive, which constitutes an alternative, or even an improvement, to the plastic explosives known to date (see above).
  • Said explosive is solid in that it does not flow by gravity (at room temperature and above: in fact, up to the temperature where the explosive charge it contains is no longer stable).
  • Said explosive is malleable in that it can be shaped by hand (manually) at temperatures from -40 ° C to + 70 ° C.
  • the malleable solid explosive of the invention is characterized in that it is in the form of a (solid) block consisting, for at least 98% of its mass, of a powdery explosive charge consisting of octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythritis tetranitrate (pentrite or PETN), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), 5-nitro-2,2,4 -triazole-3-one (ONTA), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or Fox-7) or one of their mixtures and of a liquid chosen from polyol polymers from the group of polyisobutylenes polyols, polybutadienes polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polysiloxane polyols, the number average molecular weight of which is between 500
  • the malleable solid explosive of the invention is therefore in the form of a block, ie in the form of a compact mass. It is in fact a block, obtained by molding or by cutting a paste (see its process of obtaining described below).
  • the malleable solid explosive of the invention can thus be obtained by molding a pasty component A according to the patent application EP-A-1 333 015 .
  • the presently claimed invention offers an original outlet for this component A, proposes a completely original use for it (in the context of the invention, said component is not crosslinked but used "as is"", after a simple formatting). Note however that the scope of the invention is in no way limited to said components A according to the patent application EP-A-1 333 015 .
  • the powder explosive charge (whose particle size (s), not original (s) per se, is (are), conventionally, generally between 2 and 500 ⁇ m) of the block contains one or more explosives (mixed).
  • the said explosive (s) present (s) is (are) advantageously at different particle sizes (particle size sections). It is thus possible to have high charge rates.
  • the powder explosive charge of the block represents at least 85% by mass of the total mass of the block.
  • the liquid present also consists of a liquid (chosen from the polyol polymers specified above) or a mixture of liquids (chosen from the polyol polymers specified above). It may or may not be a solvent for the powder explosive charge. Assuming that said liquid is a solvent for said filler, it is understood that said filler is present at concentrations beyond the saturation concentration, insofar as a solid block is involved.
  • the block of solid malleable explosive is essentially (for at least 98% of its mass) made up of said charge and of said liquid. In addition to said charge and said liquid, it is only likely to contain additives (see below). It can quite entirely (100%) consist of said charge and said liquid. No plasticizer is present in its composition.
  • the mass ratio (S / L) is a priori high.
  • the powder explosive charge of the block advantageously represents at least 85% by mass of the total mass of the block.
  • a liquid of dynamic viscosity between 0.1 and 1 Pa.s is advantageously combined in the temperature range: - 40 ° C and + 70 ° C and an explosive charge with a particle size between 1 and 150 ⁇ m.
  • a solid explosive charge is chosen having several particle size sections between 1 and 150 ⁇ m.
  • the explosive charge of the solid explosive blocks of the invention is not per se original. It consists, as indicated above, of octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythritis tetranitrate (pentrite or PETN), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), triaminotrinitrobenzene, TATB), 5-nitro-2,2,4-triazole-3-one (ONTA), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or Fox-7) or one of their mixtures. It is advantageously chosen from octogen, hexogen, penthrite and CL20. Hexogen is the preferred (energetic) explosive charge of the blocks of the invention.
  • the liquid is therefore chosen from the following polyol polymers: polyisobutylene polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polysiloxane polyols, the molecular mass of which number average is between 500 and 10,000, and mixtures thereof.
  • Said liquid is advantageously chosen from said polybutadien polyols and their mixtures.
  • Said liquid very advantageously consists of a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene of this type. In fact, they are perfectly suitable, as liquid for the malleable solid explosives of the invention, the hydroxytelechelic polybutadienes usually used in the crosslinked state as a binder of solid propellants for self-propulsion.
  • this type of polymer see in particular the teaching of the application EP-A-1 333 015 ).
  • said charge and said liquid constitute from 98% to 100% (by mass) of the malleable solid explosive of the invention, of the malleable solid explosive blocks of the invention.
  • Said explosive blocks are in fact capable of containing additives, in particular antioxidants, anti-aging agents, chemical detection markers, for at most 2% of their total mass.
  • the blocks of the invention generally have a mass of between 100 g and 5 kg.
  • Said blocks of malleable solid explosive can be considered as loaves (in the sense of the loaves of plastic explosives of the prior art).
  • the blocks of the invention have rheological qualities and performances superior to those of blocks of malleable explosives incorporating a plasticizer. They can be stored and used in large mass breads (for example several kilograms) without any precaution with reference to their mechanical strength, unlike the malleable explosives of the prior art without plasticizer.
  • Mixing powdery explosive charge + polyol polymer liquid, to obtain the paste can be carried out at room temperature or hot.
  • the mixing temperature is obviously compatible with safety standards, given the exact nature of the explosive charge. In this spirit, it is generally less than 80 ° C.
  • the process for obtaining the original explosive of the invention can be carried out continuously or discontinuously.
  • the constituents of the blocks of the invention are hot mixed (typically 60 ° C.) in a mixer; the mixture obtained (whose mass can for example vary from 100 kg to 5 tonnes) is then discharged from the mixer to be introduced into a funnel terminated by a worm; said mixture is driven by the worm to be placed in molds (the volume of which can be variable, typically between 100 and 700 cm 3 depending on the intended applications, generally 350 cm 3 ); said mixture contained in each mold is then removed from the mold in order to obtain a block of malleable explosive.
  • the constituents of the blocks of the invention are hot mixed (typically 60 ° C.) in a mixer; the mixture obtained (whose mass can for example vary from 100 kg to 5 tonnes) is then discharged from the mixer to be introduced into a funnel terminated by a worm; said mixture is driven by the worm to be placed in molds (the volume of which can be variable, typically between 100 and 700 cm 3 depending on the intended applications, generally 350 cm 3 ); said mixture contained in each mold is then removed from the mold in
  • the mixture is obtained by continuous hot mixing and then directly extruded in molds (the volume of which can be variable, typically between 100 and 700 cm 3 depending on the intended applications, generally 350 cm 3 ).
  • the mixture is obtained by continuous hot mixing and then directly extruded, the extruded rod being chopped so as to directly obtain blocks of determined mass.
  • the density of the explosive block obtained can vary depending on the amount of air trapped in the explosive charge during the obtaining process. Said density is advantageously between 1300 and 1700 kg / m 3 .
  • Table 1 below presents the composition of said malleable solid explosive according to the invention.
  • the liquid is a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene (PBHT). It is the PBHT R45HTLO marketed by the company Sartomer (Mn ⁇ 3000). It intervenes at around 10% by mass.
  • PBHT hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene
  • the mass composition of the malleable solid explosive block also contains additives (an antioxidant, an anti-aging agent and a chemical marker), for less than 2 percent of its total mass.
  • Table 1 Composition of the malleable solid explosive block Constituents mass percentage (%) Granulometry Liquid Hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene 10.4 / Explosive charge
  • Antioxidant agent 2,2-methylene bis (4-methyl-6-tertio butyl) phenol 0.4% / Chemical marker 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane 1 / Anti-hardening agent in aging soy lecithin 0.2 /
  • the constituents of the malleable solid explosive block of the invention are kneaded hot (60 ° C +/- 10 ° C), each kneading operation uses approximately 200 kg of material.
  • the dough obtained is then discharged and introduced into a funnel fitted with an endless screw for filling molds.
  • the volume of the molds is approximately 50 cm 3 .
  • the solid block of malleable explosive generated in each mold is then removed from the mold to obtain a strip of malleable explosive of approximately 0.5 kg.
  • the density of the explosive bars obtained by this process can vary depending on the amount of air trapped in the dough during the process. Said density is between 1480 and 1520 kg / m 3 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un nouvel explosif solide malléable, qui constitue une alternative, voire un perfectionnement, aux explosifs plastiques connus à ce jour (voir ci-après). Elle concerne également un procédé d'obtention dudit nouvel explosif solide malléable.The present invention relates to a new malleable solid explosive, which constitutes an alternative, or even an improvement, to the plastic explosives known to date (see below). It also relates to a process for obtaining said new malleable solid explosive.

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des (blocs d') explosifs solides malléables (pâteux), communément appelés explosifs plastiques, amorcés par un détonateur, à usage militaire et civil. Ils sont généralement utilisés sous la forme de pains de quelques centaines de grammes. La malléabilité de ces pains d'explosifs permet d'adapter parfaitement leurs formes aux contours des objets ou structures à détruire.The technical field of the invention is that of (blocks of) malleable (pasty) solid explosives, commonly called plastic explosives, initiated by a detonator, for military and civil use. They are generally used in the form of breads weighing a few hundred grams. The malleability of these loaves of explosives makes it possible to perfectly adapt their shapes to the contours of the objects or structures to be destroyed.

Le premier explosif plastique connu, sous le nom de "gelignite", a été inventé par Alfred Nobel en 1875. Il consistait en de la nitrocellulose dissoute dans de la nitroglycérine et mélangée avec de la pâte de bois et du salpêtre.The first known plastic explosive, called "gelignite", was invented by Alfred Nobel in 1875. It consisted of nitrocellulose dissolved in nitroglycerin and mixed with wood pulp and saltpeter.

Il a aussi été décrit par le passé des explosifs plastiques composés d'une charge explosive et d'un liant de type cire ou huile minérale, ayant l'inconvénient de présenter des propriétés de malléabilité dégradées à froid. La demande de brevet DE 20 27 209 a décrit, en 1971, un explosif malléable contenant, en vue d'améliorer sa plasticité à froid, de 8 à 15 % en masse d'huile de silicone à titre de liant (ledit explosif contient aussi avantageusement de l'oxystéarate de zinc comme additif). Cependant, les qualités rhéologiques de ces explosifs restant insuffisantes, il est apparu indispensable de conditionner lesdits explosifs, notamment lorsqu'ils sont mis en œuvre ou stockés en éléments de plusieurs centaines de grammes, dans des emballages, afin d'éviter leur déformation par gravité. Ainsi, la demande de brevet DE 30 46 562 propose ce type d'explosifs incorporés dans des feuilles métalliques ou plastiques. Le brevet US 3 113 894 décrit une composition de propergol hétérogène comprenant des particules d'oxydant inorganique dispersées dans une matrice de combustible liquide constituée essentiellement d'un polymère organique synthétique liquide. Le brevet DE 198 21 150 décrit une charge explosive malléable contenant de 70 à 95% en masse d'une charge explosive solide et éventuellement un plastifiant choisi de préférence parmi un silicone non-réticulée, un polyéthylène glycol, un polyisobutylène, un polyol ou une cire.It has also been described in the past plastic explosives composed of an explosive charge and a wax or mineral oil type binder, having the disadvantage of having malleable properties degraded when cold. The patent application DE 20 27 209 described, in 1971, a malleable explosive containing, in order to improve its cold plasticity, from 8 to 15% by mass of silicone oil as a binder (said explosive also advantageously contains zinc oxystearate as additive). However, the rheological qualities of these explosives remaining insufficient, it appeared essential to package said explosives, in particular when they are used or stored in elements weighing several hundred grams, in packages, in order to avoid their deformation by gravity. . So the patent application DE 30 46 562 offers this type of explosives incorporated in metallic or plastic sheets. The patent US 3,113,894 describes a heterogeneous propellant composition comprising inorganic oxidant particles dispersed in a liquid fuel matrix consisting essentially of a liquid synthetic organic polymer. The patent DE 198 21 150 describes a malleable explosive charge containing from 70 to 95% by mass of a solid explosive charge and optionally a plasticizer preferably chosen from a non-crosslinked silicone, a polyethylene glycol, a polyisobutylene, a polyol or a wax.

Aujourd'hui, les explosifs plastiques les plus communs contiennent une charge explosive (hexogène (RDX) et/ou pentrite, par exemple), un liant polymérique caoutchouc (le plus souvent de synthèse tel qu'une gomme de butadiène-styrène ou un polyisobutylène), un plastifiant (tel que le bis (2-éthylhexyl) adipate ou sébacate, le di-n-octyl phtalate, le tri-n-butyl citrate), et des additifs (tels que des colorants, anti-oxydants et marqueurs de détection). Le plastifiant (généralement présent à des taux massiques de 2 à 5 %) a pour rôle de conférer aux explosifs plastiques leur malléabilité et une meilleure tenue mécanique ne nécessitant pas leur conditionnement dans une structure (voir l'enseignement de l'art antérieur rappelé ci-dessus, relatif à des explosifs malléables sans plastifiant). Les explosifs plastiques les plus connus présentant ce type de formulation sont le plastique C-4 et le Semtex®, familiers à l'homme du métier. Ces explosifs plastiques renferment donc, dans leur composition, en référence à leur caractère plastique, un liant polymérique caoutchouc (solide) associé à un plastifiant. Ces deux composants, inertes, ne participent pas à l'effet explosif recherché. Par ailleurs, le dosage maîtrisé du liant (polymère) et du plastifiant, généralement introduits à faible taux (quelques pourcents) au sein de la charge énergétique de l'explosif plastique, complexifie le procédé de fabrication de l'explosif plastique.Today, the most common plastic explosives contain an explosive charge (hexogen (RDX) and / or pentrite, for example), a polymeric binder rubber (most often synthetic such as butadiene-styrene gum or polyisobutylene ), a plasticizer (such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate or sebacate, di-n-octyl phthalate, tri-n-butyl citrate), and additives (such as dyes, antioxidants and detection). The plasticizer (generally present at mass rates of 2 to 5%) has the role of conferring on plastic explosives their malleability and a better mechanical resistance not requiring their conditioning in a structure (see the teaching of the prior art recalled here above, relating to malleable explosives without plasticizer). The best known plastic explosives with this type of formulation are C-4 plastic and Semtex®, which are familiar to those skilled in the art. These plastic explosives therefore contain, in their composition, with reference to their plastic nature, a polymeric rubber binder (solid) associated with a plasticizer. These two inert components do not participate in the desired explosive effect. Furthermore, the controlled dosage of the binder (polymer) and of the plasticizer, generally introduced at a low rate (a few percent) within the energy charge of the plastic explosive, complicates the process for manufacturing the plastic explosive.

Dans un tel contexte, l'inventeur a cherché un nouveau type d'explosif "plastique", plus précisément un nouvel explosif solide malléable, plus intéressant en termes de composition (sans plastifiant), de performance (avec charge énergétique "moins diluée") et de procédé de fabrication (plus simple).In such a context, the inventor sought a new type of "plastic" explosive, more precisely a new malleable solid explosive, more interesting in terms of composition (without plasticizer), of performance (with "less diluted" energy charge) and manufacturing process (simpler).

Sans aucun lien avec le problème technique identifié ci-dessus, on a décrit, plus particulièrement dans la demande de brevetWithout any link with the technical problem identified above, it has been described, more particularly in the patent application

EP-A-1 333 015 , la fabrication d'explosifs solides composites. La fabrication de ces explosifs (non malléables) comprend la coulée d'une composition explosive pâteuse dans des moules puis la réticulation de ladite composition pâteuse dans lesdits moules. Ladite composition pâteuse est obtenue par mélange de deux composants, préconstitués :

  • un composant A pâteux, comprenant la charge explosive (et éventuellement d'autres ingrédients pulvérulents tels que de l'aluminium) et un polymère liquide réticulable, tel qu'un polybutadiène hydroxytéléchélique ; et
  • un composant B liquide, comprenant le réticulant dudit polymère liquide réticulable,
(un plastifiant étant indifféremment réparti entre les composants A et B). Ledit composant A pâteux (obtenu par simple mélange de ses constituants dans un malaxeur) n'existe pas sous la forme de blocs, n'est jamais moulé. Il n'est formulé qu'en vue de son mélange avec le réticulant et de sa réticulation ultérieure, conduisant à l'explosif solide composite. EP-A-1 333 015 , the manufacture of solid composite explosives. The manufacture of these (non-malleable) explosives comprises the casting of a pasty explosive composition in molds and then crosslinking of said pasty composition in said molds. Said pasty composition is obtained by mixing two preconstituted components:
  • a pasty component A, comprising the explosive charge (and possibly other powdery ingredients such as aluminum) and a crosslinkable liquid polymer, such as a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene; and
  • a liquid component B, comprising the crosslinker of said crosslinkable liquid polymer,
(a plasticizer being equally distributed between components A and B). Said pasty component (obtained by simple mixing of its constituents in a mixer) does not exist in the form of blocks, is never molded. It is formulated only with a view to mixing it with the crosslinker and its subsequent crosslinking, leading to the composite solid explosive.

Selon son premier objet, la présente invention concerne donc un explosif solide malléable original, qui constitue une alternative, voire un perfectionnement, aux explosifs plastiques connus à ce jour (voir ci-dessus). Ledit explosif est solide en ce qu'il ne coule pas par gravité (à la température ambiante et au-delà : en fait, jusqu'à la température où la charge explosive qu'il contient n'est plus stable). Ledit explosif est malléable en ce qu'il peut être modelé à la main (manuellement) à des températures de -40°C à +70°C. Ces "définitions" ne surprendront pas l'homme du métier ; ledit explosif solide malléable de l'invention présente des propriétés du type de celles des explosifs plastiques de l'art antérieur (mais sans plastifiant dans sa composition, voir ci-après).According to its first object, the present invention therefore relates to an original malleable solid explosive, which constitutes an alternative, or even an improvement, to the plastic explosives known to date (see above). Said explosive is solid in that it does not flow by gravity (at room temperature and above: in fact, up to the temperature where the explosive charge it contains is no longer stable). Said explosive is malleable in that it can be shaped by hand (manually) at temperatures from -40 ° C to + 70 ° C. These "definitions" will not surprise those skilled in the art; said malleable solid explosive of the invention has properties of the type of those of plastic explosives of the prior art (but without plasticizer in its composition, see below).

L'explosif solide malléable de l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il se présente sous la forme d'un bloc (solide) constitué, pour au moins 98 % de sa masse, d'une charge explosive pulvérulente consistant en de l'octogène (HMX), de l'hexogène (RDX), du tétranitrate de pentaérythrite (pentrite ou PETN), de l'hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), du triaminotrinitrobenzène (TATB), de la 5-nitro-2,2,4-triazole-3-one (ONTA), de l'hexanitrostilbène (HNS), du 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroéthène (DADNE ou Fox-7) ou en un de leurs mélanges et d'un liquide choisi parmi les polymères polyols du groupe des polyisobutylènes polyols, polybutadiènes polyols, polyéthers polyols, polyesters polyols et polysiloxanes polyols, dont la masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre est comprise entre 500 et 10 000 et leurs mélanges. Ledit explosif solide malléable de l'invention combine, de façon originale, des caractéristiques de présentation (d'état) physique et de composition.The malleable solid explosive of the invention is characterized in that it is in the form of a (solid) block consisting, for at least 98% of its mass, of a powdery explosive charge consisting of octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythritis tetranitrate (pentrite or PETN), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), 5-nitro-2,2,4 -triazole-3-one (ONTA), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or Fox-7) or one of their mixtures and of a liquid chosen from polyol polymers from the group of polyisobutylenes polyols, polybutadienes polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polysiloxane polyols, the number average molecular weight of which is between 500 and 10,000 and their mixtures. Said malleable solid explosive of the invention combines, in an original way, physical presentation and composition characteristics.

L'explosif solide malléable de l'invention se présente donc sous la forme d'un bloc, i.e. sous la forme d'une masse compacte. Il s'agit en fait d'un bloc, obtenu par moulage ou par découpage d'une pâte (voir son procédé d'obtention décrit ci-après). L'explosif solide malléable de l'invention peut ainsi être obtenu par moulage d'un composant A pâteux selon la demande de brevet EP-A-1 333 015 . L'invention présentement revendiquée offre un débouché original à ce composant A, propose une utilisation tout-à-fait originale à celui-ci (dans le cadre de l'invention, ledit composant n'est pas réticulé mais utilisé "en l'état", après une simple mise en forme). Notons toutefois que le champ de l'invention n'est aucunement limité auxdits composants A selon la demande de brevet EP-A-1 333 015 .The malleable solid explosive of the invention is therefore in the form of a block, ie in the form of a compact mass. It is in fact a block, obtained by molding or by cutting a paste (see its process of obtaining described below). The malleable solid explosive of the invention can thus be obtained by molding a pasty component A according to the patent application EP-A-1 333 015 . The presently claimed invention offers an original outlet for this component A, proposes a completely original use for it (in the context of the invention, said component is not crosslinked but used "as is"", after a simple formatting). Note however that the scope of the invention is in no way limited to said components A according to the patent application EP-A-1 333 015 .

On se propose maintenant de développer les caractéristiques de composition de l'explosif solide malléable de l'invention.It is now proposed to develop the composition characteristics of the malleable solid explosive of the invention.

La charge explosive pulvérulente (dont la(les) granulométrie(s), non originale(s) per se, est(sont), de façon classique, généralement comprise(s) entre 2 et 500 µm) du bloc renferme un ou plusieurs explosifs (en mélange). Le(s)dit(s) explosif(s) présent(s) l'est (le sont) avantageusement à différentes granulométries (coupes granulométriques). Il est ainsi possible d'avoir des taux de charge élevés. Avantageusement, la charge explosive pulvérulente du bloc représente au moins 85 % en masse de la masse totale du bloc.The powder explosive charge (whose particle size (s), not original (s) per se, is (are), conventionally, generally between 2 and 500 μm) of the block contains one or more explosives (mixed). The said explosive (s) present (s) is (are) advantageously at different particle sizes (particle size sections). It is thus possible to have high charge rates. Advantageously, the powder explosive charge of the block represents at least 85% by mass of the total mass of the block.

Le liquide présent consiste également en un liquide (choisi parmi les polymères polyols précisés ci-dessus) ou un mélange de liquides (choisis parmi les polymères polyols précisés ci-dessus). Il peut être ou non un solvant de la charge explosive pulvérulente. Dans l'hypothèse où ledit liquide est un solvant de ladite charge, on comprend que ladite charge est présente à des concentrations au-delà de la concentration de saturation, dans la mesure où un bloc solide est en cause.The liquid present also consists of a liquid (chosen from the polyol polymers specified above) or a mixture of liquids (chosen from the polyol polymers specified above). It may or may not be a solvent for the powder explosive charge. Assuming that said liquid is a solvent for said filler, it is understood that said filler is present at concentrations beyond the saturation concentration, insofar as a solid block is involved.

Le bloc d'explosif solide malléable est essentiellement (pour au moins 98 % de sa masse) constitué de ladite charge et dudit liquide. En sus de ladite charge et dudit liquide, il n'est susceptible de renfermer que des additifs (voir ci-après). Il peut tout-à-fait être uniquement (à 100 %) constitué de ladite charge et dudit liquide. Aucun plastifiant n'est présent dans sa composition.The block of solid malleable explosive is essentially (for at least 98% of its mass) made up of said charge and of said liquid. In addition to said charge and said liquid, it is only likely to contain additives (see below). It can quite entirely (100%) consist of said charge and said liquid. No plasticizer is present in its composition.

L'homme du métier a d'ores et déjà saisi le nouveau type d'explosif solide malléable proposé par l'invention, à base d'un liquide et d'un solide (charge explosive) pulvérulent. Il conçoit que les liquide(s) et solide(s) associés le sont opportunément pour l'obtention du but recherché : un bloc solide malléable (voir les "définitions" données ci-dessus aux deux qualificatifs : "solide" et "malléable"). Il conçoit que les principaux paramètres en cause, pour l'obtention d'un bloc présentant des propriétés rhéologiques adéquates (une consistance adéquate), sont :

  • la granulométrie de la charge solide ; on a vu ci-dessus qu'il est opportun d'utiliser en mélange plusieurs coupes granulométriques ;
  • la viscosité du liquide ou mélange de liquides ;
  • le rapport massique solide(s)/liquide(s) (S/L).
Those skilled in the art have already grasped the new type of malleable solid explosive proposed by the invention, based on a liquid and a powdery solid (explosive charge). He understands that the associated liquid (s) and solid (s) are appropriately used to obtain the desired goal: a solid malleable block (see the "definitions" given above with two qualifiers: "solid" and "malleable" ). He understands that the main parameters involved, for obtaining a block having adequate rheological properties (an adequate consistency), are:
  • the particle size of the solid charge; it has been seen above that it is expedient to use a mixture of several particle size sections;
  • the viscosity of the liquid or mixture of liquids;
  • the solid (s) / liquid (s) (S / L) mass ratio.

Notons par ailleurs que des interactions chimiques sont tout-à-fait susceptibles de se développer entre lesdits solide(s) et liquide(s) (voir ci-après), qu'en tout état de cause le(s)dit(s) liquide(s) assure(nt) la fonction de liant de la charge pulvérulente.Note also that chemical interactions are quite likely to develop between said solid (s) and liquid (s) (see below), that in any event the said liquid (s) ensure (s) the function of binder of the pulverulent filler.

En référence aux trois paramètres ci-dessus, on peut, de façon nullement limitative, préciser ce qui suit. En vue de l'obtention d'un solide, le rapport massique (S/L) est a priori élevé. On a vu ci-dessus que la charge explosive pulvérulente du bloc représente avantageusement au moins 85 % en masse de la masse totale du bloc. Par ailleurs, on associe avantageusement un liquide de viscosité dynamique comprise entre 0,1 et 1 Pa.s dans la gamme de température : - 40°C et + 70°C et une charge explosive de granulométrie comprise entre 1 et 150 µm. Très avantageusement, on choisit une charge explosive solide présentant plusieurs coupes granulométriques entre 1 et 150 µm.With reference to the three parameters above, we can, in no way be limiting, specify the following. With a view to obtaining a solid, the mass ratio (S / L) is a priori high. We have seen above that the powder explosive charge of the block advantageously represents at least 85% by mass of the total mass of the block. Furthermore, a liquid of dynamic viscosity between 0.1 and 1 Pa.s is advantageously combined in the temperature range: - 40 ° C and + 70 ° C and an explosive charge with a particle size between 1 and 150 µm. Very advantageously, a solid explosive charge is chosen having several particle size sections between 1 and 150 μm.

En tout état de cause, dans d'autres domaines techniques (agroalimentaire et pharmaceutique, notamment), on maîtrise parfaitement l'association d'une charge pulvérulente et d'un liquide pour obtenir un solide malléable. L'enseignement dans ces domaines, relatif aux paramètres ci-dessus et au procédé décrit ci-après, est tout-à-fait transposable au domaine de l'invention.In any event, in other technical fields (agro-food and pharmaceutical, in particular), we perfectly master the association of a pulverulent filler and a liquid to obtain a malleable solid. The teaching in these fields, relating to the above parameters and to the method described below, is entirely transposable to the field of the invention.

La charge explosive des blocs explosifs solides de l'invention n'est pas per se originale. Elle consiste, comme indiqué ci-dessus, en de l'octogène (HMX), de l'hexogène (RDX), du tétranitrate de pentaérythrite (pentrite ou PETN), de l'hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), du triaminotrinitrobenzène (TATB), de la 5-nitro-2,2,4-triazole-3-one (ONTA), de l'hexanitrostilbène (HNS), du 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroéthène (DADNE ou Fox-7) ou en un de leurs mélanges. Elle est avantageusement choisie parmi l'octogène, l'hexogène, la penthrite et le CL20. L'hexogène est la charge explosive (énergétique) préférée des blocs de l'invention.The explosive charge of the solid explosive blocks of the invention is not per se original. It consists, as indicated above, of octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythritis tetranitrate (pentrite or PETN), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), triaminotrinitrobenzene, TATB), 5-nitro-2,2,4-triazole-3-one (ONTA), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or Fox-7) or one of their mixtures. It is advantageously chosen from octogen, hexogen, penthrite and CL20. Hexogen is the preferred (energetic) explosive charge of the blocks of the invention.

Le liquide est donc choisi parmi les polymères polyols ci-après : polyisobutylènes polyols, polybutadiènes polyols, polyéthers polyols, polyesters polyols et polysiloxanes polyols, dont la masse moléculaire moyenne en nombre est comprise entre 500 et 10 000, et leurs mélanges. Ledit liquide est avantageusement choisi parmi lesdits polybutadiènes polyols et leurs mélanges. Ledit liquide consiste très avantageusement en un polybutadiène hydroxytéléchélique de ce type. En fait, conviennent parfaitement, à titre de liquide pour les explosifs solides malléables de l'invention, les polybutadiènes hydroxytéléchéliques habituellement utilisés à l'état réticulé comme liant des propergols solides pour l'auto-propulsion. L'homme du métier connaît ce type de polymère (voir notamment l'enseignement de la demande EP-A-1 333 015 ).The liquid is therefore chosen from the following polyol polymers: polyisobutylene polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polysiloxane polyols, the molecular mass of which number average is between 500 and 10,000, and mixtures thereof. Said liquid is advantageously chosen from said polybutadien polyols and their mixtures. Said liquid very advantageously consists of a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene of this type. In fact, they are perfectly suitable, as liquid for the malleable solid explosives of the invention, the hydroxytelechelic polybutadienes usually used in the crosslinked state as a binder of solid propellants for self-propulsion. A person skilled in the art knows this type of polymer (see in particular the teaching of the application EP-A-1 333 015 ).

On a vu ci-dessus que ladite charge et ledit liquide constituent de 98 % à 100 % (en masse) de l'explosif solide malléable de l'invention, des blocs d'explosif solide malléable de l'invention. Lesdits blocs d'explosif sont en fait susceptibles de renfermer des additifs, notamment des agents anti-oxydants, des agents anti-durcissement au vieillissement, des marqueurs chimiques de détection, pour au plus 2% de leur masse totale.We have seen above that said charge and said liquid constitute from 98% to 100% (by mass) of the malleable solid explosive of the invention, of the malleable solid explosive blocks of the invention. Said explosive blocks are in fact capable of containing additives, in particular antioxidants, anti-aging agents, chemical detection markers, for at most 2% of their total mass.

Des additifs, susceptibles d'être renfermés dans lesdits blocs d'explosif sont notamment :

  • au moins un agent anti-oxydant (du liquide type polymère polyol), tels que, par exemple, le di-tertiobutyl paracrésol méthane, le 2,2-méthylène bis (4-méthyl-6-tertio butyl) phénol et leurs mélanges ;
  • au moins un agent anti-durcissement en vieillissement, notamment à chaud, tels que, par exemple, une huile de silicone, le tétraéthylènepentamineacrylonitrile (TEPAN), la lécithine de soja et leurs mélanges ;
  • au moins un marqueur chimique de détection tels que, par exemple, le EGDN (DiNitrate d'EthylèneGlycol), le DMDNB (2,3-DiMéthyl-2,3-DiNitroButane), le p-MNT (para-MonoNitroToluène) ou o-MNT (ortho-MonoNitroToluène). La présence d'un marqueur chimique est en fait obligatoire pour être en conformité avec la convention de Montréal du 1er mars 1991 portant sur le "marquage des explosifs plastiques et en feuilles aux fins de leur détection".
Additives which may be contained in said explosive blocks are in particular:
  • at least one antioxidant agent (of the liquid polyol polymer type), such as, for example, di-tertiobutyl paracresol methane, 2,2-methylene bis (4-methyl-6-tertio butyl) phenol and their mixtures;
  • at least one anti-hardening agent in aging, in particular hot, such as, for example, a silicone oil, tetraethylene pentamineacrylonitrile (TEPAN), soy lecithin and their mixtures;
  • at least one chemical detection marker such as, for example, EGDN (Ethylene Glycol DiNitrate), DMDNB (2,3-DiMethyl-2,3-DiNitroButane), p-MNT (para-MonoNitroToluene) or o- DTM (ortho-MonoNitroToluene). The presence of a chemical marker is in fact compulsory in order to comply with the Montreal Convention of March 1, 1991 on the "marking of plastic explosives and sheets for detection ".

Selon une variante avantageuse, le bloc d'explosif solide malléable de l'invention renferme, en pourcentages en masse :

  • de 0 % à 2 % d'au moins un additif, et
  • pour au moins 98 % (de sa masse) :
    • + de 85 % à 95 %, très avantageusement de 87 % à 90 %, d'une charge explosive pulvérulente (une unique charge ou un mélange de charges de nature ou(et) de granulométrie différente(s)), et
    • - de 3 % à 13 %, très avantageusement de 8 à 12 %, d'un liquide polymère polyol du type précisé ci-dessus (un unique liquide ou un mélange d'au moins deux liquides).
According to an advantageous variant, the block of malleable solid explosive of the invention contains, in percentages by mass:
  • from 0% to 2% of at least one additive, and
  • for at least 98% (of its mass):
    • + from 85% to 95%, very advantageously from 87% to 90%, of a powdery explosive charge (a single charge or a mixture of charges of different types and / or sizes), and
    • - from 3% to 13%, very advantageously from 8 to 12%, of a polyol polymer liquid of the type specified above (a single liquid or a mixture of at least two liquids).

Les blocs de l'invention ont généralement une masse comprise entre 100 g et 5 kg. On peut considérer lesdits blocs d'explosif solide malléable comme des pains (au sens des pains d'explosifs plastiques de l'art antérieur).The blocks of the invention generally have a mass of between 100 g and 5 kg. Said blocks of malleable solid explosive can be considered as loaves (in the sense of the loaves of plastic explosives of the prior art).

Les blocs de l'invention présentent des qualités rhéologiques et des performances supérieures à celles des blocs d'explosifs malléables incorporant un plastifiant. Ils peuvent être stockés et mis en œuvre en pains de forte masse (par exemple de plusieurs kilogrammes) sans précaution aucune en référence à leur tenue mécanique, contrairement aux explosifs malléables de l'art antérieur sans plastifiant.The blocks of the invention have rheological qualities and performances superior to those of blocks of malleable explosives incorporating a plasticizer. They can be stored and used in large mass breads (for example several kilograms) without any precaution with reference to their mechanical strength, unlike the malleable explosives of the prior art without plasticizer.

Sans être lié par une quelconque théorie, on peut penser que la charge explosive et le liquide polymère polyol formant l'explosif malléable de l'invention interagissent pour conférer audit explosif des propriétés rhéologiques particulièrement intéressantes. La présence de fonctions hydroxy (OH) dans la formule chimique des polymères polyols (fonctions hydroxy non présentes dans les formules chimiques des liants polymériques de l'art antérieur) est très certainement à l'origine de cette interaction particulière.Without being bound by any theory, it may be thought that the explosive charge and the polyol polymer liquid forming the malleable explosive of the invention interact to give said explosive particularly interesting rheological properties. The presence of hydroxy (OH) functions in the chemical formula of polyol polymers (hydroxy functions not present in the chemical formulas of polymeric binders of the prior art) is most certainly at the origin of this particular interaction.

Selon son deuxième objet, la présente invention concerne un procédé d'obtention d'un explosif solide malléable tel que décrit ci-dessus (premier objet de ladite invention). Ledit procédé comprend :

  • l'obtention d'une pâte par malaxage d'un mélange constitué, pour au moins 98% de sa masse, d'une charge explosive pulvérulente (telle que précisée ci-dessus) et d'un liquide (tel que précisé ci-dessus),
  • le moulage de ladite pâte dans un(des) moule(s) et le démoulage de ladite pâte moulée pour l'obtention d'un(de) bloc(s) dudit explosif solide malléable ou le découpage de ladite pâte extrudée pour obtenir des blocs dudit explosif solide malléable.
According to its second object, the present invention relates to a process for obtaining a malleable solid explosive as described above (first object of said invention). Said method comprises:
  • obtaining a paste by kneading a mixture consisting, for at least 98% of its mass, of a powdery explosive charge (as specified above) and of a liquid (as specified above ),
  • molding said paste in a mold (s) and demolding said molded paste to obtain a block (s) of said malleable solid explosive or cutting said extruded paste to obtain blocks of said malleable solid explosive.

On comprend qu'il s'agit d'un procédé par analogie préconisé pour la première fois dans un contexte de mélanges : charge explosive pulvérulente + liquide polymère polyol tel que précisé ci-dessus.It is understood that it is a process by analogy recommended for the first time in a context of mixtures: powdery explosive charge + polyol polymer liquid as specified above.

Le malaxage charge explosive pulvérulente + liquide polymère polyol, pour l'obtention de la pâte, peut être mise en œuvre à température ambiante ou à chaud. La température de malaxage est évidemment compatible avec les normes de sécurité, au vu de la nature exacte de la charge explosive. Dans cet esprit, elle est généralement inférieure à 80°C.Mixing powdery explosive charge + polyol polymer liquid, to obtain the paste, can be carried out at room temperature or hot. The mixing temperature is obviously compatible with safety standards, given the exact nature of the explosive charge. In this spirit, it is generally less than 80 ° C.

Le procédé d'obtention de l'explosif original de l'invention peut être mis en œuvre en continu ou en discontinu.The process for obtaining the original explosive of the invention can be carried out continuously or discontinuously.

On précise ci-après, à titre purement illustratif, trois variantes de mise en œuvre dudit procédé. Selon une première variante : on mélange à chaud (typiquement 60°C) les constituants des blocs de l'invention dans un malaxeur ; le mélange obtenu (dont la masse peut par exemple varier de 100 kg à 5 tonnes) est ensuite déchargé du malaxeur pour être introduit dans un entonnoir terminé par une vis sans fin ; ledit mélange est entrainé par la vis sans fin pour être disposé dans des moules (dont le volume peut être variable, typiquement compris entre 100 et 700 cm3 selon les applications visées, généralement de 350 cm3); ledit mélange contenu dans chaque moule est ensuite démoulé pour l'obtention d'un bloc d'explosif malléable. Selon une seconde variante, le mélange est obtenu par malaxage en continu à chaud puis directement extrudé dans des moules (dont le volume peut être variable, typiquement compris entre 100 et 700 cm3 selon les applications visées, généralement de 350 cm3). Selon une troisième variante, le mélange est obtenu par malaxage en continu à chaud puis directement extrudé, le jonc extrudé étant haché de façon à obtenir directement des blocs de masse déterminée.Three variants of implementation of said method are specified below, purely by way of illustration. According to a first variant: the constituents of the blocks of the invention are hot mixed (typically 60 ° C.) in a mixer; the mixture obtained (whose mass can for example vary from 100 kg to 5 tonnes) is then discharged from the mixer to be introduced into a funnel terminated by a worm; said mixture is driven by the worm to be placed in molds (the volume of which can be variable, typically between 100 and 700 cm 3 depending on the intended applications, generally 350 cm 3 ); said mixture contained in each mold is then removed from the mold in order to obtain a block of malleable explosive. According to a second variant, the mixture is obtained by continuous hot mixing and then directly extruded in molds (the volume of which can be variable, typically between 100 and 700 cm 3 depending on the intended applications, generally 350 cm 3 ). According to a third variant, the mixture is obtained by continuous hot mixing and then directly extruded, the extruded rod being chopped so as to directly obtain blocks of determined mass.

La masse volumique du bloc d'explosif obtenu peut varier en fonction de la quantité d'air piégée dans la charge explosive pendant le procédé d'obtention. Ladite masse volumique est avantageusement comprise entre 1300 et 1700 kg/m3.The density of the explosive block obtained can vary depending on the amount of air trapped in the explosive charge during the obtaining process. Said density is advantageously between 1300 and 1700 kg / m 3 .

L'invention, sous ses aspects de produit et de procédé, est maintenant illustrée, de façon nullement limitative, par l'exemple ci-après de réalisation d'un explosif solide malléable selon l'invention (à partir de ses ingrédients constitutifs).The invention, in its product and process aspects, is now illustrated, in a nonlimiting manner, by the example below of producing a malleable solid explosive according to the invention (from its constituent ingredients).

Le tableau 1 ci-après présente la composition dudit explosif solide malléable selon l'invention.Table 1 below presents the composition of said malleable solid explosive according to the invention.

Le liquide est un polybutadiène hydroxytéléchélique (PBHT). Il s'agit du PBHT R45HTLO commercialisé par la société Sartomer (Mn ≈ 3000). Il intervient à environ 10 % en masse.The liquid is a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene (PBHT). It is the PBHT R45HTLO marketed by the company Sartomer (Mn ≈ 3000). It intervenes at around 10% by mass.

La charge explosive pulvérulente (qui intervient à 88 % en masse) est constituée de RDX. Elle est plus précisément constituée de deux charges de RDX de granulométrie différente, référencées charge 1 et charge 2 dans le tableau 1. La granulométrie de ces deux charges 1 et 2 est donnée par trois valeurs relevées sur la courbe de cumul des pourcentages volumiques de particules en fonction du diamètre (sphérique équivalent) des particules, cumul selon les diamètres croissants :

  • D10 : diamètre pour lequel le pourcentage volumique cumulé est égale à 10% ;
  • D50 : diamètre pour lequel le pourcentage volumique cumulé est égale à 50% ;
  • D90 : diamètre pour lequel le pourcentage volumique cumulé est égale à 90 %.
The powder explosive charge (which occurs at 88% by mass) consists of RDX. It is more precisely made up of two RDX charges of different particle size, referenced charge 1 and charge 2 in Table 1. The particle size of these two charges 1 and 2 is given by three values plotted on the cumulative curve of volume percentages of particles depending on the diameter (equivalent spherical) of the particles, cumulative according to the increasing diameters:
  • D 10 : diameter for which the cumulative volume percentage is equal to 10%;
  • D 50 : diameter for which the cumulative volume percentage is equal to 50%;
  • D 90 : diameter for which the cumulative volume percentage is equal to 90%.

La composition massique du bloc d'explosif solide malléable contient, par ailleurs, des additifs (un agent anti-oxydant, un agent anti-durcissement au vieillissement et un marqueur chimique), pour moins de 2 pourcents de sa masse totale. Tableau 1 Composition du bloc d'explosif solide malléable Constituants pourcentage massique (%) Granulométrie Liquide Polybutadiène hydroxytéléchélique 10,4 / Charge explosive Charge 1 : RDX 67 d10=40 µm,
d50=100 µm,
d90=220 µm. Charge 2 : RDX 21 d10=1 µm,
d50=4 µm,
d90=10 µm. Agent anti-oxydant 2,2-méthylène bis (4-méthyl-6-tertio butyl) phénol 0,4 % / Marqueur chimique 2,3-diméthyl-2,3-dinitrobutane 1 / Agent anti-durcissement au vieillissement lécithine de soja 0,2 / The mass composition of the malleable solid explosive block also contains additives (an antioxidant, an anti-aging agent and a chemical marker), for less than 2 percent of its total mass. Table 1 Composition of the malleable solid explosive block Constituents mass percentage (%) Granulometry Liquid Hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene 10.4 / Explosive charge Charge 1: RDX 67 d 10 = 40 µm,
d 50 = 100 µm,
d 90 = 220 µm. Charge 2: RDX 21 d 10 = 1 µm,
d 50 = 4 µm,
d 90 = 10 µm. Antioxidant agent 2,2-methylene bis (4-methyl-6-tertio butyl) phenol 0.4% / Chemical marker 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane 1 / Anti-hardening agent in aging soy lecithin 0.2 /

Les constituants du bloc d'explosif solide malléable de l'invention sont malaxés à chaud (60°C +/-10°C), chaque opération de malaxage met en œuvre environ 200 kg de matière. La pâte obtenue est ensuite déchargée et introduite dans un entonnoir muni d'une vis sans fin pour le remplissage de moules. Le volume des moules est d'environ 50 cm3. Le bloc solide d'explosif malléable généré dans chaque moule est ensuite démoulé pour l'obtention d'un pain d'explosif malléable d'environ 0,5 kg.The constituents of the malleable solid explosive block of the invention are kneaded hot (60 ° C +/- 10 ° C), each kneading operation uses approximately 200 kg of material. The dough obtained is then discharged and introduced into a funnel fitted with an endless screw for filling molds. The volume of the molds is approximately 50 cm 3 . The solid block of malleable explosive generated in each mold is then removed from the mold to obtain a strip of malleable explosive of approximately 0.5 kg.

La masse volumique des pains d'explosif obtenus par ce procédé peut varier en fonction de la quantité d'air piégée dans la pâte pendant le procédé. Ladite masse volumique est comprise entre 1480 et 1520 kg/m3.The density of the explosive bars obtained by this process can vary depending on the amount of air trapped in the dough during the process. Said density is between 1480 and 1520 kg / m 3 .

Claims (12)

  1. A malleable solid explosive, wherein it is in the form of a block consisting, for at least 98% of its weight:
    of a powdery explosive charge consisting of octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythrite nitrate (pentrite or PETN), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), 5-nitro-2,2,4-triazole-3-one (ONTA), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or Fox-7) or a mixture thereof; and
    of a liquid chosen from polyol polymers of the group of polyisobutylene polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polysiloxane polyols, the number-average molecular weight of which is between 500 and 10 000, and mixtures thereof.
  2. The malleable solid explosive of claim 1, wherein said powdery explosive charge represents at least 85% by weight relative to the total weight of said block.
  3. The malleable solid explosive of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said explosive charge is chosen from octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythrite nitrate (pentrite or PETN), and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20).
  4. The malleable solid explosive of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said liquid is chosen from said polybutadiene polyols and mixtures thereof.
  5. The malleable solid explosive of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said liquid consists of a hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene.
  6. The malleable solid explosive of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said block contains up to 2% by weight of at least one additive.
  7. The malleable solid explosive of claim 6, wherein said at least one additive is chosen from: antioxidants, anti-age-curing agents and chemical detection markers.
  8. The malleable solid explosive of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said block contains:
    - from 0 to 2% by weight of at least one additive, and
    - for at least 98% of its weight:
    + from 85% to 95% and advantageously from 87% to 90% by weight of said explosive charge,
    + from 3% to 13% and advantageously from 8% to 12% by weight of said liquid.
  9. The malleable solid explosive of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said block or cake has a weight of between 100 g and 5 kg.
  10. A process for obtaining a malleable solid explosive of any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises:
    - obtaining a paste by blending a mixture consisting, for at least 98% of its weight, of a powdery explosive charge consisting of octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX), pentaerythrite nitrate (pentrite or PETN), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL20), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), 5-nitro-2,2,4-triazole-3-one (ONTA), hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE or Fox-7) or a mixture thereof, and of a liquid chosen from polyol polymers of the group of polyisobutylene polyols, polybutadiene polyols, polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polysiloxane polyols, the number molecular weight of which is between 500 and 10 000, and mixtures thereof,
    - molding said paste in one (or more) molds and the removal of said molded paste from the mold(s) to obtain one (or more) blocks of said malleable solid explosive, or cutting said extruded paste to obtain blocks of said malleable solid explosive.
  11. The process of claim 10, wherein said blending is performed at room temperature or at elevated temperature, at a temperature of less than or equal to 80°C.
  12. The process of claim 10 or claim 11, which is performed in continuous or batch mode.
EP10810850.7A 2009-12-21 2010-12-20 Malleable solid explosive and method for obtaining it Active EP2516356B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0959290A FR2954309B1 (en) 2009-12-21 2009-12-21 MALLEABLE SOLID EXPLOSIVE AND ITS OBTAINING
PCT/FR2010/052827 WO2011083249A1 (en) 2009-12-21 2010-12-20 Malleable solid explosive and method for obtaining it

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CA (1) CA2784311C (en)
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US20120305148A1 (en) 2012-12-06
WO2011083249A1 (en) 2011-07-14
AU2010340832B2 (en) 2015-04-09
CN102666438A (en) 2012-09-12
IL220431A (en) 2017-04-30
CA2784311A1 (en) 2011-07-14
KR20120108014A (en) 2012-10-04
RU2012129733A (en) 2014-02-10
SG181832A1 (en) 2012-07-30
FR2954309A1 (en) 2011-06-24
BR112012015076A2 (en) 2017-03-07
JP2013514962A (en) 2013-05-02
CN102666438B (en) 2014-10-08
CA2784311C (en) 2018-03-13
RU2541079C2 (en) 2015-02-10
ES2796830T3 (en) 2020-11-30
FR2954309B1 (en) 2012-03-23
EP2516356A1 (en) 2012-10-31
AU2010340832A1 (en) 2012-07-12

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