EP2508828B1 - Dispositif et procédé destinés au chauffage de billettes métalliques - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé destinés au chauffage de billettes métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2508828B1
EP2508828B1 EP12154604.8A EP12154604A EP2508828B1 EP 2508828 B1 EP2508828 B1 EP 2508828B1 EP 12154604 A EP12154604 A EP 12154604A EP 2508828 B1 EP2508828 B1 EP 2508828B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
heating
flame
metal bolts
convection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12154604.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2508828A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Dr.-Ing.Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Valder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otto Junker GmbH
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Otto Junker GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otto Junker GmbH filed Critical Otto Junker GmbH
Publication of EP2508828A1 publication Critical patent/EP2508828A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2508828B1 publication Critical patent/EP2508828B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/10—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated by hot air or gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/52—Methods of heating with flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0093—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for screws; for bolts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for heating metal bolts, in particular light metal bolts, with a heating chamber designed as a tunnel furnace, wherein the metal bolts are longitudinally arranged by means of a bolt transport device transported through the heating space, the tunnel furnace in the direction of passage of the metal bolt first a convection oven and then having a flame-loaded oven.
  • metal studs are mentioned below, it is intended to encompass all forms of metal strands or stranded parts such as bolts or rods.
  • a generic device is from the DE-A-552 523 known.
  • the tunnel kiln described there has, in the direction of passage, first a convection oven called a heating zone and a flame-prone oven called a firing zone.
  • a similar device is from the US-A-4 541 799 known.
  • Plants with direct flame exposure also known as gas-fired heating systems (GBE) usually consist of two main modules: On the outlet side, the heating of the metal bolts takes place in a system part with direct flame exposure of the Nutzgutes / the bolt.
  • many burners with relatively low power (8 to 12 kW) are arranged in a refractory muffle, which is adapted to the bolt geometry.
  • the heating of the metal studs takes place with a convective proportion of about 30 percent from the direct application of flame and a radiation share of about 70 percent. Because of the reduced emission factor of turned-off bolts, a reduced throughput compared to bolts with cast skin is to be expected due to the high radiation component.
  • the quality of the temperature control is determined by the number of control zones in GBE.
  • the directly heated part of the plant is upstream usually a so-called preheating chamber upstream.
  • preheating the Nutzgut is heated by the exhaust gas of the gas-fired system part by forced convection, before the exhaust gas through the fireplace exits the system.
  • the temperature losses of the head end arising during hot shearing due to the clamping can also be compensated quickly.
  • the disadvantage is that the high power density is achieved by temperature differences (flame / bolt, muffle / bolt), which hold the risk of partial melting.
  • the power density to ensure low losses and permissible wall temperatures requires an increased effort in the thermal insulation of the wall to keep the wall losses low. This results in an increase in storage heat, which limits the flexibility, for example, in the case of rapid temperature changes in the direction of lower temperature.
  • Hot gas flows at speeds of the order of 50 to 60 m / s through specially adapted pipe or slot die systems and heated.
  • the hot gas is held in heating channels, which are separated from the metal bolts, to temperature and circulated by fans.
  • the metal bolts are not directly exposed to flames.
  • recuperative burners with a capacity of 100 to 400 kW per burner are used.
  • the achievable efficiency is about 80 percent in each load condition.
  • the transmittable power density of this type of plant is well below 100 kW / m 2 Nutzgutober Design, which in comparison to the GBE has a larger footprint.
  • the reduction in throughput of wrenched bolts is significantly lower than the GBE.
  • the quality of the temperature control is also achieved in this type of plant by the number of control zones, but essentially by the fact that the last control zone is set to the final temperature of the Nutzkutes.
  • the invention is based on the object, the device mentioned above and a corresponding method in such a way that the above-mentioned disadvantages of the individual heating systems shown are avoided.
  • the device according to the invention provides that the length of the convection oven is a multiple of the length of the flame-treated furnace.
  • the object is achieved in that the metal bolts are first preheated in the convection oven to just below their forming temperature and then heated to their forming temperature in the flame-treated furnace, optionally with controlled head heating.
  • the present invention has now combined both known from the prior art systems in a special way.
  • the combination according to the invention of both system concepts is able to maintain the flexibility of the flame-treated furnace and thereby achieve almost the efficiency of the convection oven.
  • the preheating of the metal bolt to just below the forming temperature is carried out according to another teaching of the invention in a convection oven, wherein the flammenbeaufschlagten oven for final heating of the metal bolt "in-line” is followed by a short part of the plant with direct exposure to the flames.
  • the convection oven on several, different heating zones forming, arranged one behind the other chambers.
  • the individual chambers have, according to a further teaching of the invention, at least one burner and a plurality of nozzles surrounding the metal bolts.
  • the device according to the invention may have as a device for bolt transport driven and / or non-driven rollers or a lifting beam.
  • the exhaust gases of the flammenbeaufschlagten part of the system are returned in a further embodiment of the invention in the first heating zone of the convection oven. Before the recuperation takes place in the first heating zone of the convection oven, it is also possible to preheat the combustion air for the flame-treated oven.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that each metal stud is heated before leaving the flame-impacted furnace at the bolt head before it is removed for further processing (shearing, sawing, pressing).
  • the invention provides that the heating of the metal bolt is controlled in dependence on the throughput of the metal bolt.
  • a mathematical model is preferably used to control the temperature control.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the device according to the invention is in Fig. 1 shown schematically.
  • DLR passage direction
  • the device On the output side, the device has a flame-loaded oven 2. It can be seen clearly that the length of the convection oven 1 is a multiple of the length of the flame-treated furnace 2.
  • the convection oven 1 shown comprises a plurality of different heating zones forming successively arranged chambers 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D.
  • each chamber 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D each have two burners 3, with which the air is heated in the housing.
  • a centrally located motor 4 which drives a fan 5 arranged below it in the furnace interior.
  • the fans 5 can be designed as a radial or drum rotor and ensure a uniform circulation of air in the individual heating zones.
  • the heated air is blown through a plurality of slot nozzles 6 directly on the metal bolt B, as particularly clear Fig. 2 can be removed.
  • the transport of the metal bolts B takes place in a known manner via a plurality of successively arranged rollers 7.
  • a cladding panel 8 ensures a uniform convective heating of the channel through which the metal bolts B are transported.
  • a double-walled tube 9 is arranged along the entire device, wherein cold combustion air is sucked through an inlet port 10 and through the annulus 11 of the double-walled tube 9 to the burners 15 of the directly flame-charged furnace 2 is supplied and preheated on the way there.
  • the exhaust air produced there is guided back through the interior 12 of the double-walled tube 9 and fed to the first furnace chamber 1A, as in FIG Fig. 1 is schematically visible.
  • the double-walled tube 9 is thermally insulated outside with an insulation 13.
  • a plurality of individual burners 15, each with a comparatively low power provide direct heating of the metal bolts B from the preheating temperature to the forming temperature, before the metal bolts B leave the device according to the invention and a downstream extruder, or saw, or Hot shear, or identical billet heating system to be supplied.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage de billettes métalliques (B), en particulier de billettes en métal léger, lequel comprend une chambre de chauffage qui est formée par un four tunnel, sachant que les billettes métalliques (B), disposées les unes derrière les autres, dans le sens longitudinal, sont transportées, au moyen d'un dispositif de transport de billettes, à travers la chambre de chauffage, sachant que der four tunnel est doté, dans la direction de passage des billettes métalliques (B), d'abord d'un four à convection (1) et, ensuite, d'un four soumis à la flamme (2),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la longueur du four à convection (1) correspond à un multiple de la longueur du four soumis à la flamme (2).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le four à convection (1) est doté de plusieurs chambres (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) qui, disposées les unes derrière les autres, forment des zones de chauffage de conception différente.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chacune des chambres (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) du four à convection (1) est dotée d'au moins un brûleur (4).
  4. Dispositif selon revendication 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les chambres (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) du four à convection (1) sont dotées d'au moins un ventilateur d'air de combustion (5).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chacune des chambres (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) du four à convection (1) est dotée d'une pluralité de buses (6) qui entourent les billettes métalliques (B).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de transport de billettes est doté de rouleaux (7) entraînés et/ou non entraînés.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de transport de billettes est réalisé en tant que convoyeur à longerons mobiles.
  8. Procédé de chauffage de billettes métalliques (B), en particulier de billettes en métal léger, avec une chambre de chauffage, en forme de four tunnel, doté d'abord un four à convection (1) et ensuite d'un four soumis à la flamme (2), sachant que les billettes métalliques (B) sont transportées à travers le four, en étant disposées les unes derrière les autres, dans la direction longitudinale
    caractérisé en ce que
    les billettes métalliques (B) sont d'abord préchauffées dans le four à convection (1) jusqu'à une température qui est située un peu au-dessous de leur température de formage, et ensuite chauffées à leur température de formage dans le four soumis à la flamme (2).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les gaz d'échappement du four soumis à la flamme (2) sont conduits, pour la récupération, dans le four à convection (1).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9,
    sachant que le four à convection (1) est doté de plusieurs zones de chauffage, disposées les unes derrière les autres,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les gaz d'échappement du four soumis à la flamme (2) sont conduits, pour la récupération, dans la première zone de chauffage du four à convection (1).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que l'air de combustion pour le four soumis à la flamme (2) est préchauffée.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chaque billettes métallique (B) est chauffée à la tête avant de quitter le four soumis à la flamme (2).
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le chauffage des billettes métalliques (B) est commandé en fonction du débit de billettes métalliques (B).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    pour la commande de la régulation de la température, on utilise un modèle mathématique.
EP12154604.8A 2011-04-06 2012-02-09 Dispositif et procédé destinés au chauffage de billettes métalliques Not-in-force EP2508828B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011016260A DE102011016260B4 (de) 2011-04-06 2011-04-06 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erwärmen von Metallbolzen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2508828A1 EP2508828A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
EP2508828B1 true EP2508828B1 (fr) 2015-08-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12154604.8A Not-in-force EP2508828B1 (fr) 2011-04-06 2012-02-09 Dispositif et procédé destinés au chauffage de billettes métalliques

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EP (1) EP2508828B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102011016260B4 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE552523C (de) * 1926-12-22 1932-06-14 John Williamson Tunnelofen mit unmittelbarer Flammenbeheizung
DE2637646B2 (de) * 1976-08-20 1978-08-10 Friedrich Wilhelm Dipl.- Ing. 5600 Wuppertal Elhaus Anwärmofen
DE3203433C2 (de) * 1982-02-02 1984-08-09 Friedrich Wilhelm Dipl.-Ing. 7761 Moos Elhaus Anwärmofen für langgestrecktes Gut
DE19943354C1 (de) 1999-09-10 2001-05-23 Carl Kramer Vorrichtung zur gleichmäßigen Schnellerwärmung von Pressbolzen oder Stangen, insbesondere aus Leichtmetalllegierungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011016260A1 (de) 2012-10-11
DE202011101167U1 (de) 2011-07-06
EP2508828A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
DE102011016260B4 (de) 2013-06-06
DE102011016260A9 (de) 2013-04-18

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