EP2503073B1 - Verkleidungsstruktur einer Wand und Paneel zum Verkleiden einer Wand - Google Patents

Verkleidungsstruktur einer Wand und Paneel zum Verkleiden einer Wand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2503073B1
EP2503073B1 EP20120160879 EP12160879A EP2503073B1 EP 2503073 B1 EP2503073 B1 EP 2503073B1 EP 20120160879 EP20120160879 EP 20120160879 EP 12160879 A EP12160879 A EP 12160879A EP 2503073 B1 EP2503073 B1 EP 2503073B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
cladding
wall
plates
fixed
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20120160879
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2503073A1 (de
Inventor
Francesco Penazzi
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Tecnofacciate di Penazzi Francesco
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Tecnofacciate di Penazzi Francesco
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Publication of EP2503073A1 publication Critical patent/EP2503073A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0814—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements fixed by means of clamping action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0816—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/083—Hooking means on the back side of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/021—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04F2201/022—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions with tongue or grooves alternating longitudinally along the edge

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cladding structure of a wall using panels or slabs, such as mineral slabs of ceramic, hard stone, marble, granite and the like, in particular for the realisation of ventilated facades.
  • a ventilated facade is taken to mean a cladding of a vertical wall, for example in brick, generally achieved with panels mounted at a certain distance from such wall, so as to create an air space between the wall and the cladding.
  • the space between the cladding and the wall is designed in such a way that the air present in it can flow by means of a natural chimney effect and/or in an artificially controlled manner, depending on seasonal/daily requirements, so to improve overall thermo-energetic performance.
  • Ventilated facades are generally mounted by means of a framework which comprises upright profiled bars which are fixed to the brick wall in a vertical arrangement, for example by means of brackets.
  • the cladding panels are anchored to said uprights in various ways.
  • glues being specifically designed for applications of this kind, their properties are greatly influenced by the environmental conditions present at the moment of the gluing step, particularly the temperature and degree of humidity.
  • favourable environmental condition not always present and varying within the same working day, are required for the laying of the panels.
  • the installation of the panels may therefore take a very long time given the impossibility of working continuously in any environmental condition.
  • an alternative method of attachment envisages retaining the panels by means of support brackets fixed to the uprights with bolts and/or rivets.
  • the bolts and rivets have been entirely replaced by springs and hooks fixed to the special profiles.
  • One example of an attachment system of this type is described in EP1764455A2 . But even this technical solution is not without drawbacks, in particular consisting of the presence of visible hooks and the large number and complexity of the components making up the facade.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to propose a cladding structure, in particular a ventilated facade, able to overcome the drawbacks of the attachment systems complained of above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view of a lower portion of a cladding structure of a wall, at the last two panels of a vertical row of panels, with the latter seen in transparency.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a cladding panel and the pair of upright profiled bars to which it is anchored, before their coupling;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a panel seen from the back;
  • FIG. 4 shows a front view of a corner portion of a cladding structure of a wall, with the four panels composing it seen in transparency;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the portion of structure in figure 4 ;
  • FIG. 6 is a transversal cross-section of the structure according to the line A-A in figure 5 ;
  • FIG. 6a is a transversal cross-section of the structure according to the line B-B in figure 5 ;
  • FIG. 6b is a transversal cross-section of the structure according to the line C-C in figure 5 ;
  • FIG. 6c is a transversal cross-section of the structure according to the line D-D in figure 5 ;
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a cladding panel in an embodiment variation and the pair of upright profiled bars to which it is to be anchored, before their coupling;
  • FIG. 8 shows a front view of a corner portion of a cladding structure of a wall, with the four panels composing it in the embodiment of figure 7 and seen in transparency;
  • FIG. 9 is a side view of the portion of structure in figure 8 ;
  • FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of a cladding panel and the pair of upright profiled bars to which it is to be anchored, before their coupling, according to the invention.
  • FIG 11 shows a front view of a lower portion of a cladding structure of a wall using the panels in figure 10 , at the last two panels of a vertical row of panels;
  • FIG. 12 shows a front view of a lower portion of a cladding structure of a wall using the panels in figure 10 , at the last four panels of two adjacent vertical rows of panels.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a part, in particular a lower part, of a cladding structure of a wall.
  • vertical and “upper/lower” will refer, save as specified otherwise, to planes parallel to that of the wall to be clad;
  • rear or “inner” and “front” or “outer” will refer, save as specified otherwise, to sides or surfaces of the panels or of other elements of the cladding structure respectively facing the wall to be clad or facing outwards.
  • the structure comprises a support frame 10 suitable for being fixed to a wall to be clad and a plurality of cladding panels 20 suitable for being anchored to said support frame.
  • the frame 10 comprises at least two vertical upright profiled bars 12.For example said upright profiled bars 12 can be anchored to the wall by anchorage brackets (not shown).
  • the upright profiled bars 12 have a "T",”L”, “H” or similar shape section, so as to define, on the side opposite the wall, a vertical abutment plane 14.
  • a vertical row of cladding panels 20 is fixed to a pair of upright profiled bars 12 ( figure 1 ).
  • a frame composed therefore of a plurality of upright profiled bars 12 parallel to each other, permits the assembly of various vertical rows of panels 20, next to each other ( figure 4 ).
  • the panels 20 of two adjacent vertical rows, as shown in figure 4 can be fixed to the vertical abutment plane 14 of a single upright profiled bar 12.
  • a pair of upper anchorage plates 22 and a pair of lower retention plates 24 are fixed to the inner side of each cladding panel 20.
  • Said upper 22 and lower plates 24, for example metallic plates, are fixed near the lateral rims of the panel 20, at the abutment plane 14 of the upright profiled bars 12.
  • the upper anchorage plates 22 have respective end portions 22' projecting from the upper rim of the panel 20 and suitable for being each fixed to a respective upright profiled bar 12 by means of mechanical anchorage means.
  • end portions 22' have a hole 23 for the attachment of the upper plates 22 to the frame by rivets 26.
  • the lower retention plates 24 project from the lower rim of the panel 20 so as to be engaged by an underlying panel.
  • the lower retention plates 24 have respective end portions 24' which, once the panel has been fixed to the support frame 10, extend behind the inner side of the underlying panel, that is to say are surmounted by the upper rim of said panel.
  • the lower plates 24 While the upper plates 22 perform the function of anchoring the panel to the support frame 10, the lower plates 24 have a function of resistance to the pressure/negative pressure load of the air circulating in the cavity or air space between the panels and the wall. In other words, the interaction of the lower plates 24 and the underlying panel counters the tendency of the panel to detach from the support frame in the lower part which is not mechanically fixed to the frame but merely rests on the vertical abutment plane 14.
  • the lower plates 24 may be horizontally staggered in relation to the upper plates 22 so as not to interfere with the upper plates 22 of the underlying panel.
  • the vertically adjacent cladding panels 20 may be fitted on the support frame in such a way as to be separated by a horizontal clearance channel 11.
  • the upper anchorage plates 22 may be fixed to the respective uprights 12 at said clearance channel 11. This way, in fact, it proves easy to access the mechanical anchorage means, such as the rivets 26, to release or remove them and thereby dismantle a single panel without having to remove those above it.
  • the lower retention plates 24 of one panel overlap the underlying panel to a lesser extent than the height of the clearance channel 11, in such a way that the lower plates of a panel released from the upright profiled bars and pushed towards the upper panel disengage from the underlying panel.
  • the panel can thus be conveniently extracted from a row of panels.
  • the facade thereby proves entirely and conveniently accessible for inspection, for example so as to perform maintenance, and single panels may be easily replaced in case of deterioration.
  • the upper 22 and lower plates 24 may be glued to the inner side of the panel 20.
  • a structural glue 50 is used, for example of the polyurethane type.
  • the upper anchorage plates 22 and lower retention plates 24 may be glued to the respective panels before transport of the panels to the building site where the cladding structure is being installed, so as to guarantee all the panels, optimal thermo-hygrometric conditions during the gluing phase.
  • the installer receives the panels on site already pre-assembled with their anchorage and retention plates and once the support frame has been mounted, his work consists merely of positioning the panels along the uprights and in fixing them mechanically by means of the anchorage plates only.
  • the only possible use of the glue on site is envisaged for the corner panels, the uprights of which are completed concealed and to which mechanical connection is therefore not possible.
  • the assembly of the panels is therefore rapid and easy, but above all is not influenced by environmental conditions.
  • the attachment system shown does not require the use of upright profiled bars having a specific cross-section, nor of support hooks of the panels, nor of other specific anchorage devices.
  • the upright profiled bars have a traditional "T" section and the anchorage and retention plates are normal metal plates of a rectangular shape. Consequently, both the production costs of the attachment system of the panels and the installation times of the cladding structure are less than the costs and times envisaged for other attachment systems.
  • the structural glue 50 is able to absorb not only any vibrations of the panels but also all the dilations of the uprights, which are for example in aluminium, caused by the temperature range.
  • a safety net 60 may be attached, for example in fibre glass, suitable for retaining any pieces of panel which could otherwise detach and fall in the event of accidental breakage of a panel, using for example a bicomponent polyurethane glue.
  • each upper anchorage plate 220 is fixed, as well as by the glue 50, also mechanically to the inner side of the panel 20, for example by means of rivets or bolts.
  • each upper anchorage plate 220 comprises a transversal portion 221 which extends horizontally towards the median vertical axis of the panel so as to terminate externally in relation to the space occupied by the upright profiled bar 12.
  • the end of said transversal portion 221 being fixed to the panel, for example by a bolt 224 which screws onto a plug 225 embedded in the thickness of the panel.
  • the panels 100 of the lowest horizontal row of the facade may have the lower retention panels 240 not protruding from the lower rim of the panel, there being no underlying panel which can retain them.
  • These lower plates 240 can be glued or mechanically fixed to the upright profiled bars.
  • at least one of the lower plates 240 is horizontally orientated and has an end portion 240' protruding from the lateral rim of the panel to be mechanically anchored to the respective upright profiled bar 12, for example by means of a rivet 26, as shown in figures 1 , 4 , 5 and 6c .
  • Figures 1 and 4 for example show a lower panel 100 with both lower retention plates 240 orientated horizontally and projecting from the lateral rim of the panel 100 for their attachment by means of rivets 26 to the upright profiled bars 12.Note how the two lower plates 24 are horizontally staggered in relation to each other so as not to interfere with the upper plates 240 of the horizontally adjacent panels. Figure 4 shows how, for these horizontally positioned lower retention plates 240 too, the rivet 26 is applied at the horizontal clearance channel 11' which separates vertical rows of panels.
  • FIG 4 also shows a corner panel 101.
  • the left rim of such panel 101 fully conceals the relative upright profiled bar 12.
  • the lower left corner of said panel 101 may be directly anchored to the upright profiled bar 12 by means of the structural glue 50.
  • the panel 20 differs from the panel shown in figure 2 in that, in place of the two upper anchorage plates 22, a single upper anchorage plate 322 having a horizontal end portion 322' projecting from the upper rim of the panel 20 and suitable for being fixed to the upright profiled bars 12 by means of mechanical anchoring means, such as rivets 26, is used.
  • the panel is fitted with the same lower retention plates described in the previous figures.
  • the anchorage plate 322 has a pair of vertical slits 323 at the top in each of which the lower end portion of a respective lower retention plate 24 is inserted, so as to permit said lower retention plates 24 to be engaged by an underlying panel.
  • the anchorage plate 322 is fixed to the respective panel 20 by glue and/or by mechanical attachment means, such as screws 325.
  • the variant with anchorage plate 322 makes it possible, thanks to the horizontal end portion 322', to close the horizontal clearance channel 11 separating vertically adjacent cladding panels, at the back. This way dirt, insects or other foreign bodies can be prevented from getting inside the cavity between the wall and the cladding through said clearance channel.
  • the idea of the present invention is to combine the advantages of using glue, making it possible to use few, simple structural elements, with those of mechanical attachment, which ensures maximum safety and reliability over time, having eliminated however the aforementioned drawbacks of using glue on site and at the same time limiting the use of mechanical attachments, such as rivets, to the bare minimum and concealing such attachments means from sight.

Claims (10)

  1. Verkleidungsstruktur einer Wand, insbesondere für die Realisierung belüfteter Fassaden, die einen Halterahmen (10) umfasst, der geeignet ist, an einer Wand befestigt zu werden, und wenigstens zwei vertikale aufrechte Profilstangen (12) und eine Vielzahl von Verkleidungspaneelen (20), die an dem Halterahmen verankert sind, eine einzelne obere Verankerungsplatte (22; 220; 322), die an der Innenseite jedes Verkleidungspaneels befestigt ist, das in dem montierten Zustand der Wand zugewandt ist, die verkleidet werden soll, umfasst, wobei die obere Verankerungsplatte (322) einen horizontalen Endabschnitt, der von dem oberen Rand des Paneels vorsteht und geeignet ist, mittels mechanischer Verankerungsmittel an den vertikalen aufrechten Profilstangen (12) befestigt zu werden, und ein Paar unterer Rückhalteplatten (24) hat, die von dem unteren Rand jedes Paneels vorstehen, um durch ein unteres vertikal benachbartes Paneel in Eingriff bringbar zu sein, gekennzeichnet durch die Verankerungsplatte (32), die mit einem Paar vertikaler Schlitze (323) auf der Oberseite ausgestattet ist, wobei in jedem davon ein unterer Endabschnitt einer jeweiligen unteren Rückhalteplatte (24) eines oberen vertikal benachbarten Paneels einsetzbar ist, um zuzulassen, dass in die unteren Rückhalteplatten (24) von einem unteren vertikal benachbarten Paneel eingegriffen wird.
  2. Struktur nach Anspruch 1, wobei vertikal benachbarte Verkleidungspaneele durch einen horizontalen Freiraumkanal (11) getrennt sind, und wobei die obere Verankerungsplatte an den jeweiligen Pfosten in dem Freiraumkanal befestigt ist.
  3. Struktur nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei der horizontale Endabschnitt (322') der Verankerungsplatte (322) sich erstreckt, um den horizontalen Freiraumkanal (11) auf der Rückseite zu schließen.
  4. Struktur nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei die unteren Rückhalteplatten (24) eines Paneels das untere vertikal benachbarte Paneel in einem geringeren Maß als die Höhe des Freiraumkanal in einer derartigen Weise überlappen, dass die unteren Rückhalteplatten eines Paneels, die von den aufrechten Profilstangen gelöst und in Richtung des oberen Paneels gedrückt werden, sich von dem unteren vertikal benachbarten Paneel lösen.
  5. Struktur nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Endabschnitt der oberen Verankerungsplatte (22; 220; 320), der von dem Rand des Paneels vorsteht, ein Durchgangsloch trägt, um mittels einer Niete (26) an einer jeweiligen aufrechten Profilstange befestigt zu werden.
  6. Struktur nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die obere Verankerungsplatte und untere Rückhalteplatten an die Innenseite des Paneels geleimt sind.
  7. Struktur nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die obere Verankerungsplatte (220; 320) in einer mechanischen Weise an der Innenseite des Paneels befestigt ist.
  8. Struktur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die unteren Rückhalteplatten (240) des untersten Paneels (100) einer vertikalen Reihe von Paneelen nicht von dem unteren Rand des untersten Paneels vorstehen, und wobei wenigstens eine der unteren Platten (240) horizontal ausgerichtet ist und einen abschließenden Abschnitt hat, der von dem seitlichen Rand des Paneels vorsteht, um in einer mechanischen Weise an der jeweiligen aufrechten Profilstange verankert zu werden.
  9. Struktur nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die aufrechten Profilstangen (12) eine "T"-, "L"-, "H"- oder ähnlichen Formschnitt haben, um auf der Seite entgegengesetzt zu der Wand wenigstens für die Verankerungsplatten eine vertikale Auflageebene (14) zu definieren.
  10. Paneel (20) zum Verkleiden einer Wand, insbesondere für die Realisierung belüfteter Fassaden, an deren Innenseite, die in dem montierten Zustand der Wand zugewandt ist, die verkleidet werden soll, eine einzelne obere Verankerungsplatte (22; 220; 322) befestigt ist, die einen horizontalen Endabschnitt, der von dem oberen Rand des Paneels vorsteht und geeignet ist, um mittels mechanischer Verankerungsmittel an aufrechten Profilstangen (12) befestigt zu werden, und ein Paar unterer Rückhalteplatten (24) hat, die von dem unteren Rand des Paneels vorstehen, um von einem unteren vertikal benachbarten Paneel in Eingriff bringbar zu sein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungsplatte (322) mit einem Paar vertikaler Schlitze (323) auf der Oberseite ausgestattet ist, von denen jeder geeignet ist, einen Endabschnitt einer jeweiligen unteren Rückhalteplatte (24) eines oberen vertikal benachbarten Paneels aufzunehmen, um zuzulassen, dass von dem unteren vertikal benachbarten Paneel in die unteren Rückhalteplatten (24) eingegriffen wird.
EP20120160879 2011-03-24 2012-03-22 Verkleidungsstruktur einer Wand und Paneel zum Verkleiden einer Wand Active EP2503073B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000034A ITBS20110034A1 (it) 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 Struttura di rivestimento di una parete, in particolare per la realizzazione di facciate ventilate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2503073A1 EP2503073A1 (de) 2012-09-26
EP2503073B1 true EP2503073B1 (de) 2015-04-22

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IT (1) ITBS20110034A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1024601B1 (nl) * 2016-09-26 2018-04-23 Vandersanden Steenfabrieken N.V. Paneel en ophangsysteem voor een vliesgevel

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1940141A (en) * 1931-02-03 1933-12-19 Charles H O'koomian Ornamental tile and the mounting thereof
FR2231829A1 (en) * 1973-06-04 1974-12-27 Previte Anthony Hidden fixings for facing panels - comprise rabbets and panels each with mating protrusions and apertures
DE8621152U1 (de) * 1986-08-07 1987-12-03 Christian Pohl Gmbh, 5000 Koeln, De
ITMI20051692A1 (it) 2005-09-14 2007-03-15 Franco Dallera Sistema di fissaggio di profilati e pannelli per il rivestimento di pareti particolarmente per facciate ventilate
GB0520309D0 (en) * 2005-10-06 2005-11-16 Specialised Panel Products Ltd Improvements in and relating to flooring

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ITBS20110034A1 (it) 2012-09-25

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