EP2501553B1 - Elément de sûreté à microstructure - Google Patents

Elément de sûreté à microstructure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2501553B1
EP2501553B1 EP10779718.5A EP10779718A EP2501553B1 EP 2501553 B1 EP2501553 B1 EP 2501553B1 EP 10779718 A EP10779718 A EP 10779718A EP 2501553 B1 EP2501553 B1 EP 2501553B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security element
microstructure
motif
motif image
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10779718.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2501553A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Rauch
Michael Rahm
Manfred Heim
Christian Fuhse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to EP16000611.0A priority Critical patent/EP3075562B1/fr
Publication of EP2501553A1 publication Critical patent/EP2501553A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2501553B1 publication Critical patent/EP2501553B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B42D2035/36—

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for security papers, documents of value and the like having at least one microstructure having a viewing angle-dependent visual appearance.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, or other valuables, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carriers and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • the security elements may be in the form of, for example, a security thread embedded in a banknote, a tearing thread for product packaging, an applied security strip, a cover sheet for a banknote having a through opening or a self-supporting transfer element, such as a patch or label after its manufacture is applied to a document of value.
  • Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role in the authentication of authenticity since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers.
  • the security elements are equipped with optically variable elements that give the viewer a different image impression under different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
  • US 3,887,742 discloses a document having graphical information applied to this document with a transparent plastic film having a serrated surface applied over the graphic information.
  • Each tooth of the toothed surface has a vertical surface and an inclined surface so that the graphical information can be viewed from one angle while being invisible from another angle.
  • DE 10 2006 052 413 A1 discloses a security sheet containing a grid polarizer having a substrate with a surface into which a relief structure is incorporated, the relief structure having an array of electrically conductive, parallel grid lines having a predetermined grid constant and grid orientation separated by substantially non-conductive spaces are separated, and the lattice constant of the grid lines is selected so that the grid polarizer changes the polarization of the incident light on the grid lines, so that the reflected and / or transmitted light is linearly polarized in a predetermined plane.
  • a see-through security element having at least one microstructure with a viewing angle-dependent appearance in which the at least one microstructure consists of an arrangement a plurality of structural elements having a characteristic pitch of 1 ⁇ m or more, and wherein the see-through security element has a total thickness of 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a generic security element which on the one hand is thin enough to be used in the security paper and security document area, and on the other hand, in addition to high security against counterfeiting also has a visually attractive appearance to the user perceived as a security feature to be noticed and remembered.
  • a generic security element contains at least one motif image which is visible from the viewpoint-dependent visual appearance of the microstructure from certain viewing angles and is not visible from other viewing angles, and in which the microstructure and the motif image together have a thickness of 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the microstructure and the motif image in the context of the invention can be arranged both directly above one another and also separated by intermediate layers, in particular by the substrate of a data carrier.
  • the total thickness of microstructure, interlayers and motif image is usually above of 50 ⁇ m, typically at about 150 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the large total thickness is due to the intermediate layer or layers, while the sum of the thicknesses of the microstructure and motif image is always smaller than 50 ⁇ m even in these variants, so that the security element according to the invention only makes a small contribution to the overall thickness of the data carrier.
  • At least one microstructure of the security element is advantageously formed by a lamellar structure of a multiplicity of essentially parallel lamellae.
  • the lamellar structure may be e.g. to act a parallelogram structure.
  • at least one lamellar structure is formed by a partially metallized asymmetrical sawtooth structure with metallized first, less steeply inclined flanks and with non-metallized second, more inclined flanks.
  • the first, less steeply inclined flanks preferably have an angle of inclination between 10 ° and 60 °, relative to the plane of the security element.
  • the second, more inclined flanks preferably have an angle of inclination between 50 ° and 110 °, relative to the plane of the security element, wherein the angle of inclination of the two flanks is advantageously at least 20 °, preferably at least 30 °, in particular at least 40 ° differ.
  • a plurality of microstructures formed by lamellar structures are provided, which differ in one or more of the parameters lateral orientation, color, width, height, relief shape and distance.
  • the differing lamellar structures are preferably arranged in the form of a motif, in particular in the form of patterns, characters or an encoding, and thus form a further motif in the security element.
  • the motif of the lamellar structures and at least one motif image of the security element are matched to one another with advantage or related to one another.
  • the lamellar motifs and the motif image may represent the same motif, or may each represent only subject parts that complement each other from certain viewing angles in review to a total information.
  • the structural elements are provided in partial areas with an opaque coating, in particular an opaque metallic coating.
  • the opaque coating may comprise the above-mentioned fins on an asymmetrical sawtooth structure.
  • the opaque coating may be single-layered or multi-layered, and more preferably as a thin-film element with a color-shift effect, i. optically variable, be formed.
  • a thin-film element with a color-shift effect i. optically variable
  • coatings of so-called pearlescent pigments are to be mentioned in the first place.
  • Multilayer thin-film elements are generally formed as purely dielectric thin-film structures or metallic / dielectric multilayer structures. In the multilayer thin-film elements, three-layered interference layer structures (metal / dielectric three-layer structure) are currently particularly preferred.
  • the security element has a transparent or translucent substrate, wherein the at least one microstructure and the motif image are arranged on opposite surfaces of the substrate.
  • the substrate need not be transparent or translucent over the entire surface; a transparent or translucent window area in an otherwise opaque substrate suffices.
  • the security element is a see-through security element.
  • a “transparent” material is understood as meaning a material which substantially completely passes incident electromagnetic radiation, at least in the visible wavelength range from about 380 nm to about 780 nm.
  • an "opaque” or “opaque” material in the context of the present invention has a transmittance T ⁇ 0.1, where T is defined as the quotient L / L 0 (see above).
  • an opaque material does not substantially transmit incident electromagnetic radiation, at least in the visible wavelength range from about 380 nm to about 780 nm.
  • a “translucent”, “translucent” or “semitransparent” material has a transmittance T greater than 0.1 and less than 0.8, at least in the visible wavelength range from about 380 nm to about 780 nm, i. 0.1 ⁇ T ⁇ 0.8.
  • the subjective perception of a transparent, translucent or opaque material by a viewer may in some cases differ considerably from the exact definition given above for transparent, translucent or opaque material.
  • a viewer under certain circumstances perceives a security element as transparent, even if the transmittance of the security element more than z.
  • the light scattering of the observed material has a similarly large influence on the subjective perception of a viewer because, among other things, the scattering influences the contrast between light and dark areas of the viewed material.
  • the security element has a transparent or translucent substrate, wherein the at least one microstructure and the motif image are arranged on the same surface of the substrate.
  • the substrate does not have to be transparent or translucent over the entire surface; a transparent or translucent window area in an otherwise opaque substrate is sufficient.
  • any transparent or translucent substrate can be used.
  • the light transmittance must be at least so large that in the transmitted light the viewing angle-dependent appearance can be perceived by the viewer.
  • the use of an additional means of illumination to improve the visibility of the appearance by the viewer is conceivable, although the thickness of the material according to the invention is chosen so that the visually variable appearance of the see-through security element is recognizable without aids.
  • paper in particular cotton paper
  • the substrate is a plastic, in particular a plastic film, for.
  • PET polyethylene
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PA polyamide
  • the film may also be monoaxially or biaxially stretched. The stretching of the film, inter alia, leads to it receiving polarizing properties that can be used as another security feature.
  • the tools required for exploiting these properties, such as polarization filters, are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the substrate may also be formed as a multilayer composite, in particular a composite of several different films (composite composite) or as a paper-film composite.
  • composite composite can be z. B. be formed from the aforementioned plastic materials.
  • Such a composite is characterized by an extremely high stability, which is for the durability of the security element of great advantage. Also, these composite materials can be used in certain climatic regions of the earth with great advantage.
  • the paper-film composite has an inner base paper and two outer film layers, as in the document EP 1 545 902 B1 , more detailed. Also advantageous is the inverse structure of a paper-film composite, in which an inner film is provided with two outer layers of paper.
  • All materials used as a substrate may have additives which serve as further authenticity features. It is primarily to think of luminescent, which are preferably transparent in the visible wavelength range and in the non-visible wavelength range a suitable tool, for. B. a UV or IR radiation emitting radiation source, can be excited to produce a visible or at least detectable luminescence.
  • a UV or IR radiation emitting radiation source can be excited to produce a visible or at least detectable luminescence.
  • the lacquers or paints used for a microstructure or the motif image can also have the abovementioned additives.
  • microstructure and the motif image are arranged on opposite surfaces of the substrate, they are at least separated from one another by the substrate.
  • the total thickness of microstructure, substrate and motif image is then typically above 50 microns, for example at 150 microns to 200 microns, even if the sum of the thicknesses of microstructure and motif image is less than 50 microns.
  • this has the additional advantage that the security element is necessarily destroyed during a splitting of the composite and is therefore not available for reuse.
  • the at least one microstructure may advantageously be arranged directly on the motif image.
  • the motif image may include a printed or embossed motif structure, a patterned metal layer, a color-shifting motif layer, a diffractive motif layer such as a hologram, a structured multi-layer structure, a structured sub-wavelength grating, a moth eye structure, a printed structure, a negative pattern layer such as include negative characters, or a combination of said variants.
  • the security element contains a second motif image, which is applied to at least one microstructure, so that from certain viewing angles in view only the first motif image and from other viewing angles, only the second motif image is visible.
  • the second motif image may in particular be formed by a structured metal layer, a color-shifting motif layer or else by a structured printing layer. Since the second motif image is applied to a microstructure, it is usually not only in transparency, but also in supervision recognizable. In a variant, a combination of the first and second motif image can be visible from certain viewing angles.
  • the first and second motif images can be coordinated or correlated with their visual appearance or their informational content.
  • both motif images can represent the same motif in different designs (such as colored in supervision, black and white in transparency), or they can each represent only parts of the subject that complement each other to form an overall motif.
  • a visual or substantive interaction increases the attention and recognition value of the security and, on the other hand, leads to an increased security against counterfeiting, since the production of the motive images linked together in terms of content represents a greater technological hurdle than the separate or unrelated production of two security features.
  • the microstructure and the motif image together preferably have a thickness of 20 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably from 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the structural elements of the microstructure expediently have a characteristic structure spacing of 5 ⁇ m or more.
  • the structural elements each have a feature size of 1 micron or more, preferably of 3 microns or more.
  • the structure spacing of 1 .mu.m or more or the structure size of 1 .mu.m or more ensures that the microstructures act largely achromatically, ie without disturbing color splitting. The optically variable effects can therefore be easily recognized even under unfavorable lighting conditions.
  • the inventive arrangement of a plurality of structural elements may be a regular, irregular or regionally regular arrangement.
  • the invention thus encompasses any arrangement of a multiplicity of structural elements which has a structure spacing of 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the structure elements are arranged substantially periodically, wherein the period given by the characteristic structure spacing is superimposed on a random variation of the structure spacings with an amplitude between 1% and 5%, in particular of about 2% of the period, to undesired color splits by diffraction effects on periodic Suppress structures as much as possible.
  • height-to-width ratios of about 9: 1 to about 1: 5 are considered to be advantageous, and from about 1: 3 to about 8.2: 1 are considered particularly advantageous.
  • a predetermined, dartries motif is distorted, and the motif image and at least one microstructure are coordinated so that the motif to be displayed is undistorted visible at a predetermined curvature of the security element in phantom.
  • the security element may be designed as a transfer element for transfer to a target substrate, in particular a security paper, value document or the like.
  • the invention also encompasses a method for producing a security element of the type described, in which the security element is provided with at least one microstructure with a viewing angle-dependent visual appearance in which the at least one microstructure consists of an arrangement of a multiplicity of structural elements with a characteristic structural spacing of 1 ⁇ m or more is formed, wherein the security element is provided with at least one motif image, which is visible from certain viewing angles in review, and is not visible from other viewing angles in review, and in which the security element with a thickness of microstructure and motif image of 50 microns or less is generated.
  • At least one microstructure of the security element is advantageously formed by a lamella structure of a multiplicity of substantially parallel lamellae.
  • the metallization can be etched isotropically during the etching process.
  • Physical etching processes such as plasma etching, ion etching, ion beam etching, reactive plasma etching or atmospheric plasma etching, are suitable as etching processes. Even chemical etching processes using acids or alkalis can be used.
  • the coating of the sawtooth structure can be carried out in particular by chemical coating, vapor deposition, sputtering, plasma-assisted vapor deposition, by CVD or by printing metal particles. If the metallization is vapor-deposited, the vapor deposition can in particular also be vertical, as explained in more detail below.
  • the invention further includes a data carrier, in particular a value document, such as a banknote, an identity card or the like, with a security element of the type described or equipped with a security element produced by the method described above.
  • a data carrier in particular a value document, such as a banknote, an identity card or the like, with a security element of the type described or equipped with a security element produced by the method described above.
  • the invention further comprises a method for producing a data carrier, in particular a value document, such as a banknote, identity card or the like, in which a data carrier substrate is provided, and a security element of the type described is applied to the data carrier substrate or introduced into the data carrier substrate.
  • a data carrier in particular a value document, such as a banknote, identity card or the like
  • a security element of the type described is applied to the data carrier substrate or introduced into the data carrier substrate.
  • the data carrier substrate can have a see-through area and the security element can be applied to the data carrier substrate in the see-through area or introduced into the data carrier substrate.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10 with a see-through security element 12 with a blind image, which is arranged over a see-through area 14, such as a window area or a through opening of the banknote 10.
  • the through hole can be made after the preparation of the substrate of the banknote 10 z. B. be produced by punching or laser beam cutting, or can already produce during the production of the banknote substrate grazing, as for example in the document WO 03/054297 A2 described.
  • the see-through security element 12 shows the viewer a different visual appearance depending on the viewing direction.
  • the security element 12 appears metallically shiny from a given viewing angle over its entire surface, while after a tilting or turning of the banknote from another viewing angle, a graphic motif in the form of a portrait emerges.
  • the see-through security element 12 in banknotes or other securities is its small overall thickness of less than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the see-through security element even has a layer thickness of only about 20 ⁇ m or even only about 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the see-through security element 12 in addition to high security against counterfeiting, also has an attractive visual appearance, so that it is perceived, observed and remembered by the users as a security feature.
  • This is inventively by combining a Microstructure, which has a visual angle-dependent visual appearance in review, achieved with at least one motif image that is visible only from certain viewing angles in transparency, but hidden from other viewing angles.
  • the security element 12 has a transparent film substrate 20, the upper side of which is provided with a transparent lacquer layer with an asymmetrical sawtooth structure 22.
  • the sawtooth structure 22 is partially metallized so that it forms a lamellar structure of a plurality of substantially parallel, metallic lamellae 24.
  • the lamellae 24 are formed by a metallization of slightly inclined flanks 26 of the sawtooth structure 22.
  • the steeply inclined flanks 28 are not metallized, so that the observer can see through the sawtooth structure 22 in a viewing direction approximately perpendicular to the flanks 28 (viewing direction B).
  • the lamellae 24 are characterized by the parameters lateral orientation, color, width, height, relief shape, in particular inclination angle, and spacing of the lamellae.
  • the color of the lamellae results from the metal used for the metallization, for example aluminum, wherein the layer thickness of the aluminum layer in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 (a) is about 70 nm.
  • the completely sharp profiles of the sawtooth structure 22 and the lamellae 24 in the figures represent an idealized representation.
  • the transitions at the flanks 26, 28 of the lamellae are of course rounded to a certain extent and not unsteady.
  • the sawtooth structure 22 and the fins 24 are further protected by an embedding 36, for example, a transparent lacquer layer, against impression and against environmental influences.
  • the embedding 36 is no longer shown in the further figures.
  • a motif image 30 is arranged, which has a graphic motif, such as in Fig. 2 (b) Portrait 32 shown, can represent a geometric pattern or string.
  • the security element 12 is viewed from the viewing direction C, ie substantially perpendicular to the metallic lamellae 24, the lamellae 24 obstruct the observer's view of the motif image 30.
  • the portrait 32 is hidden from these viewing angles for the observer and the security element 12 steps as an opaque, shiny metallic surface 34 in appearance, as in Fig. 2 (c) shown.
  • a UV embossing lacquer layer is applied to the substrate 20.
  • the embossing lacquer layer is embossed and hardened in the form of the desired, asymmetrical sawtooth structure 22 with first, less inclined flanks 26 and with second, more inclined flanks 28.
  • the sawtooth structure 22 is provided by a vertical vapor deposition over its entire surface with a metallization 40, in the exemplary embodiment of an aluminum metallization. Due to the different angles of inclination of the flanks 26 and 28, this results in different thicknesses for the aluminum metallization 40 on the flanks.
  • d denotes the layer thickness of the applied metallization on a plane surface
  • the metallization 40 is isotropically etched by an etching step, wherein the etching step is stopped when the metallization 40 present on the steeply inclined flanks 28 is etched through.
  • the etching step can be carried out, for example, with a mixture of phosphoric acid, acetic acid and nitric acid at a constant temperature of the etching solution, wherein the aluminum oxide of the metallization 40 is first removed with concentrated phosphoric acid for an optimal etching start. It is understood that other etching solutions and also alkalis, such as NaOH, can be used for the etching step.
  • the etching can be mechanically supported, for example with brushes or high-pressure nozzles.
  • the etching step does not have to be wet-chemical, for example, the metallization 40 can also be removed with a directional etching beam.
  • a large difference between the inclination angles ⁇ and ⁇ of the two flanks 26, 28 is advantageous.
  • the two angles of inclination preferably differ by at least 20 °, preferably by at least 30 °, in particular by at least 40 °.
  • the metallization 40 present on the steeply inclined flanks 28 does not necessarily have to be completely etched through in order to achieve the desired difference in transparency or opacity. For example, an area is usually perceived as fully reflective by the observer when 85% of the incident light is reflected and still perceived as transparent when a small proportion of less than 20% is reflected. The exact numerical values depend on the metal used, the substrate and the lighting. In some embodiments, it is therefore sufficient to dilute the metallization 40 on the steeply inclined flanks 28 to the extent that the remaining metal layer is perceived by the viewer to be transparent, while the remaining metal layer is still perceived on the low-sloped flanks 26 as fully reflective.
  • an aluminum layer above a layer thickness of about 12 nm has a reflectance of more than 80% of the maximum reflectance, and below a layer thickness of about 2.5 nm, a reflectance of less than 20% of the maximum reflectance. It is therefore sufficient to match the inclination angles ⁇ and ⁇ of the two flanks 26, 28, the planar layer thickness d and the etching process to one another in such a way that the resulting layer thickness d ⁇ is greater on the slightly inclined flanks 26 12 nm and the resulting layer thickness d ⁇ on the steeply inclined flanks 28 is below 2.5 nm.
  • a copper layer or a gold layer above a layer thickness of about 40 nm have a reflectance of more than 80% of the maximum reflectance, and below a layer thickness of about 12 nm a reflectance of less than 20% of the maximum reflectance.
  • a chromium layer has a reflectance of more than 80% of the maximum reflectance above a layer thickness of about 18 nm, and below a layer thickness of about 5 nm, a reflectance of less than 20% of the maximum reflectance.
  • inclined metallic lamellae 24 can be produced without oblique vapor deposition of the sawtooth structure 22 being required.
  • the described method is independent of the motif image 30 and can also be used in designs in which the lamellar structure is not combined with a motif image.
  • the use of the etching method makes it possible to realize several directions of sight for transparency.
  • the etching process is also independent of the orientation of the sawtooth structure. Although the etching method is used particularly advantageously in conjunction with a vertical vapor deposition of the sawtooth structure, it can of course also be used in principle in conjunction with oblique vapor deposition.
  • Fig. 4 shows a development of the invention, in which the see-through security element 12 next to the motif image 30 includes a second motif image 50.
  • the second motif image 50 is formed by a structured metallic coating 52, which is applied to the metallic lamellae 24 of the sawtooth structure 22 and is formed from a metal that contrasts with the lamellae 24 in color.
  • a structured metallic coating 52 which is applied to the metallic lamellae 24 of the sawtooth structure 22 and is formed from a metal that contrasts with the lamellae 24 in color.
  • Fig. 4 are selected as color contrasting metals aluminum for the blades 24 and copper for the second motif image 50, 52, but of course there are other metal combinations in question, such as gold and chromium.
  • the top metal is removed in places to create the second motif image as a bimetallic motif.
  • This can be done, for example, by using the document WO 99/13157 described, on the printing of a soluble ink with porous structure-based washing process done by means of lift-off, or by subsequent selective etching.
  • an etching process it is also possible to work with an etching stop layer.
  • the copper metallization 52 is structured in the form of the number sequence "50", which at the same time corresponds to the denomination 16 of the banknote 10 (FIG. Fig. 1 ).
  • the additional copper metallization 52 does not change the visual impression of the security element 12 when viewed parallel to the lamellae 24 (viewing direction B). For the viewer is out of this viewing direction, as in Fig. 4 (b) shown, only the graphic motif 32 of the motif image 30 visible, but not the bimetal motif.
  • the security element 12 is viewed from the direction of observation C, then the Viewer on the bimetal motif "50", which is formed by the copper metallization 52 and the aluminum fins 24.
  • the opaque metallic lamellae 24 obstruct the view of the motif image 30, so that only the bimetal motif "50", but not the portrait 32, is visible from the viewing direction C, as in FIG Fig. 4 (c) shown.
  • the see-through security element contains the Fig. 4 thus for the viewer three visual information or effects.
  • the first information or the first effect is formed by the per se known blind effect, which is based on the partial opaque coating of the asymmetric sawtooth structure 22.
  • the second information or the second effect is formed by the bimetallic motif of the numerical sequence "50", which is visible only from certain viewing angles (viewing direction C) and the third information or the third effect is formed by the portrait 32, only from others Viewing angles (viewing direction B) is visible.
  • the second motif image may also be formed by a structured thin-film element 52 with a color-shift effect.
  • a three-layer optically variable coating comprising an aluminum reflection layer, a dielectric spacer layer and a semitransparent chromium absorber layer is applied to the sawtooth structure 22.
  • the aluminum reflective layer has to be applied to the slightly inclined flanks 26 by means of oblique vapor deposition.
  • the dielectric spacer layer and the semitransparent chromium layer can be used with both vertical evaporation and be applied with Schrägbedampfung.
  • the absorber layer is then removed in places by one of the above methods, thereby creating areas without a color-shift effect against a color-shifting background that forms the second motif image in the form of graphic motifs, patterns or characters.
  • the same optical effect can be achieved if not only the absorber layer, but also the dielectric spacer layer is removed in regions.
  • the structured coating 52 applied to the fins 24 may also be formed by a pressure layer.
  • the lamellar structures are advantageously formed in each case from a plurality of substantially parallel lamellae 24, such as in FIG Fig. 2 (a) shown.
  • the underlying sawtooth structure 22 has alternately rising, slightly inclined flanks 26 and sloping, sharply inclined flanks.
  • the saw teeth 25 formed in each case by a pair of flanks 26, 28 represent the structural elements of the lamellar structure, their dimension represents the structure size and the spacing of adjacent sawtooth tips the characteristic structure spacing.
  • the characteristic structure spacing in the context of the invention is 5 .mu.m or more and the structure size at 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the feature size and the feature pitch are each 10 ⁇ m, and the height of the features is about 4.3 ⁇ m.
  • the structure distance even with a desired periodic arrangement of the structural elements not to choose completely constant, but to superimpose it with a random fluctuation in order to effectively suppress wavelength-dependent diffraction effects and thus unwanted color splitting.
  • a fluctuation amplitude between 1% and 5% of the structure spacing is generally sufficient.
  • a random variation of 2%, ie of 0.2 ⁇ m, is superimposed on the desired structure spacing of 10 ⁇ m, whereby a significant reduction of diffraction effects is achieved.
  • the see-through security element in addition to the image motif 30 of Fig. 2 an additional motif, which is formed by a locally different orientation of the lamellar structures.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a plan view of a see-through security element 60 with three areas 62, 64, 66 with different slat orientation.
  • the lamellae 68 In the first region 62, the lamellae 68 have a first orientation, for example parallel to a reference direction R, corresponding to an azimuth angle of 0 °.
  • the lamellae 68 In the second region 64, the lamellae 68 have a second orientation, which differs only slightly from the first orientation and includes, for example, an azimuth angle of 5 ° with the reference direction R.
  • the orientation of the lamellae 68 In the third region 66, the orientation of the lamellae 68 is strongly rotated against the reference direction, for example by an azimuth angle of 90 °.
  • the areas 62, 64 and 66 are in the Figs. 6 (a), 7 (a) and 8 (a) shown again with the orientation of their fins 68.
  • Figs. 6 (b), 7 (b) and 8 (b) show the visual impression of the respective area when viewed parallel to the fins 68 of the first area 62 (corresponding to the viewing direction B in FIG Fig. 2 ) and
  • the sawtooth structure 22 of the first region 62 appears to be substantially transparent when viewing the security element 60 in parallel with its fins 68, as in connection with FIG Fig. 2 already explained, so that the viewer sees from this line of sight the graphic motif 32 of the motif image 30, as in Fig. 6 (b) shown schematically.
  • the sipes 68 block the viewer's view and the first area 62 appears to the viewer as an opaque, shiny metallic surface 34, as in FIG Fig. 6 (c) shown.
  • Fig. 7 the sawtooth structure 22 of the second region 64 when viewing the security element 60 parallel to the fins 68 of the first region 62 due to the small azimuth angle of the fins 68 of the second region 64 of 5 ° still virtually completely transparent, so that the viewer from this direction in the second area sees the graphic motif 32 of the motif image 30, as in Fig. 7 (b) shown schematically.
  • louvers 68 When viewed from viewing direction C, louvers 68 obstruct the observer and second region 64 appears to the viewer as an opaque, shiny metallic surface 70, which, however, has a contrast difference from surface 34 of the first region due to the different orientation of fins 68 in reflection , This contrast difference is in Fig. 7 (c) through a to Fig. 6 (c) different hatching indicated.
  • Fig. 8 For example, when the security element 60 is viewed parallel to the sipes 68 of the first region 62, the sawtooth structure 22 of the third region 66 no longer becomes transparent due to the large difference in the azimuth angle of 90 °, so that the viewer sees an opaque, metallically lustrous surface 72 in this region , as in Fig. 8 (b) shown. Even when viewing from viewing direction C obstruct the fins 68 provide the viewer with a view, the third area 66 appears to the viewer as an opaque, shiny metallic surface 74, the difference in orientation of the fins 68 has a contrast difference both to the surface 34 of the first region and the surface 70 of the second region , This contrast difference is in Fig. 8 (c) through a to Fig. 6 (c) and to Fig. 7 (c) different hatching indicated.
  • the portrait views 32 of the FIGS. 6 (b) and 7 (b) stand only schematically for the visibility of the motif image in the first and second area, since, of course, only the respectively lying below the area 62 and 64 part of the motif image is visible to the viewer.
  • a vote of the shape and size of the areas 62, 64, 66 on the motif image therefore makes it possible to identify only certain parts of the motif image from certain viewing directions.
  • the motif of the lamellar structures 62, 64, 66 and the motif image 30 can be coordinated with one another in such a way that overall information is obtained from certain viewing angles when viewed through.
  • Fig. 9 (a) 1 shows a security element 80 having a transparent or translucent substrate 82, a microstructure 84, for example in the form of a lamellar structure of the type described above, and a motif image 86.
  • the microstructure 84 and the motif image 86 are arranged on opposite surfaces of the substrate 82.
  • the substrate 82 may be formed by a single film, which already may be provided with different coatings, or by a film composite.
  • Fig. 9 (b) shows a structure 90 similar to that of Fig. 9 (a) in which the microstructure 84 and the motif image 86 are arranged on opposite sides of a composite film banknote 92 which contains at least two film layers 94 and a paper layer 96 with a window 98.
  • the security element is destroyed.
  • the motif image 86 is arranged on the upper side of a transparent, translucent substrate 82 and the microstructure 84 lies directly above the motif image 86.
  • the substrate 82 serves only as a carrier of the security element and can optionally be removed later.
  • the security element can also be designed as substrateless transfer element 110, as in FIG Fig. 9 (d) shown. Also in this case, the microstructure 84 is located directly above the motif image 86.
  • the transfer element 110 is typically applied to a destination data carrier 112 in a later method step (reference numeral 114). This can be done in a see-through area, for example a window or a continuous opening of the data carrier 112, or else in an opaque data carrier area.
  • the motif image 86 has been previously applied to a data carrier 122, and that the transfer element 120 is applied with the microstructure 84 subsequently to the data carrier 122 with the motif image 86 (reference numeral 124).
  • the security elements according to the invention can be arranged in a multiplicity of arrangements on value documents with a substrate made of paper, polymer or hybrid and both over opaque and also over transparent or translucent areas of the value document. To illustrate this diversity will be with reference to Fig. 10 some particularly preferred embodiments described.
  • Fig. 10 (a) as value document 130, a paper note 132 to which a security element 134 according to the invention is applied.
  • the security element 134 can act as an opaque security area over an opaque area 136 of the paper banknote 132 as a reflection security element and / or in an optional window area 138 of the paper banknote 132.
  • the security element 134 may, for example, as the security element 80 of Fig. 9 (a) a transparent or translucent substrate 82, a microstructure 84, in particular in the form of a lamellar structure of the type described above, and a motif image 86.
  • a security element 142 according to the invention with a film substrate 144, a motif image 146 and a microstructure 148 is applied.
  • the foil substrate 144 is transparent or translucent. If the film substrate 144 is at least translucent, then the security element 142 can form a see-through security element in an optional window region 138 of the paper banknote 132 or form a reflection-proof element over an opaque region 136 of the paper banknote 132.
  • the security element can also be present as a substrateless security element 152 on the paper banknote 132, as in variant 150 of FIG Fig. 10 (c) shown.
  • the motif image 146 and the microstructure 148 can form a reflection-proof element in opaque regions 136 of the paper banknote 132 and / or a see-through security element in optional window regions 138 of the paper banknote 132.
  • a value document 160 contains a pure polymer substrate 162
  • the security element 164 according to the invention can also be arranged in two parts (motif image 166 and microstructure 168) on opposite sides of the polymer substrate 162 in a transparent or at least translucent area of the note, as in FIG Fig. 10 (d) shown.
  • the motif image 166 and the microstructure 168 may also be arranged on the same side of the polymer substrate 162 as in the structure 170 of FIG Fig. 10 (e) shown.
  • FIG. 12 shows a document of value 180 having a substrate 182 made of a paper-foil composite with a paper layer 186 having a window 188 and two film layers 184.
  • a microstructure 168 and a motif image 166 are applied, which together form a security element 164 according to the invention.
  • the security element 164 is destroyed.
  • the security element 164 with the microstructure 168 and the motif image 166 is applied to a paper layer 186 and, together with the paper layer 186, between two laminating films Embedded in 184.
  • a laminating adhesive can be used for the embedding 36 of the sawtooth structures 22 (FIG. Fig. 2 (a) .
  • a microstructure 168 is applied to a paper layer 186 with a window 188 and embedded together with the paper layer 186 between two films 202, 204.
  • the motif image 166 is present on the film 204 adjoining the paper layer 186 in the region of the window 188.
  • the motif image 166 can lie both on the outside of the film 204, as in Fig. 10 (h) shown as well as on the inside of the film.
  • the motif image 166 and the microstructure 168 together form a security element 164 according to the invention.
  • a microstructure 168 applied to a film layer 184 and a paper layer 186 with a window 188 and embedded together with the film layer 184 and the paper layer 186 between two laminating films 202,204.
  • the motif image 166 can, as in Fig. 10 (i) may be present on the outside of the film 204 may be present on the inside of the film 204, or may also be present on the top or bottom of the film layer 184. In all cases, the motif image 166 is present in the region of the window 188 and, together with the microstructure 168, forms a security element 164 according to the invention.
  • the motif image may in particular comprise a printed or embossed motif structure, a structured metal layer, a color-shifting motif layer, a diffractive motif layer, such as a hologram, a structured multi-layer structure, a structured sub-wavelength grating, a moth eye structure, a printed structure, a layer with negative patterns, such as negative characters, or a combination of the mentioned variants.
  • the change of view (B and C in Fig. 2 ) can be done not only by tilting or turning the security element, but also by bending the see-through security element.
  • a predetermined motif to be displayed can first be distorted, and the motif image and the overlying lamellar structure are matched to one another in such a way that the motif to be represented becomes undisrupted when viewed in a predetermined curvature of the see-through security element.

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Claims (14)

  1. Élément de sécurité pour papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et objets similaires, comprenant au moins une microstructure qui présente une image apparente visuelle dépendant, en transmission, de l'angle d'observation, cependant que la au moins une microstructure est constituée par un agencement d'une pluralité d'éléments structurels ayant un écart structurel caractéristique de 1 µm ou plus, que l'élément de sécurité inclut au moins une image motif visible en transmission à partir de certains angles d'observation à travers l'image apparente visuelle dépendante de l'angle d'observation de la microstructure et non visible en transmission à partir d'autres angles d'observation, que la microstructure et l'image motif présentent conjointement une épaisseur de 50 µm ou moins, et que l'élément de sécurité comporte un substrat transparent ou translucide, et que la au moins une microstructure et l'image motif sont agencées sur des surfaces opposées ou sur la même surface du substrat.
  2. Élément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une microstructure de l'élément de sécurité est constituée par une structure lamellaire formée d'une pluralité de lamelles essentiellement parallèles, cependant que, de préférence, au moins une structure lamellaire est constituée par une structure en dents de scie asymétrique partiellement métallisée ayant des premiers flancs, métallisés, moins fortement inclinés, et des deuxièmes flancs, non métallisés, plus fortement inclinés, et cependant que les premiers flancs, moins fortement inclinés, présentent de préférence un angle d'inclinaison situé entre 10° et 60°, et les deuxièmes flancs, plus fortement inclinés, présentent de préférence un angle d'inclinaison situé entre 50° et 110°, cependant que les deux angles d'inclinaison se différencient d'au moins 20°, de préférence d'au moins 30°, tout particulièrement préférence d'au moins 40°.
  3. Élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs microstructures constituées par des lamelles sont prévues, lesquelles se différencient en un ou plusieurs des paramètres orientation latérale, couleur, largeur, hauteur, forme de relief et écart, de préférence en ce que les structures lamellaires se différenciant sont agencées sous forme d'un motif, en particulier sous forme de dessins, caractères ou d'une codification, cependant que les structures lamellaires se différenciant sont agencées de préférence sous forme d'un motif, cependant que le motif des structures lamellaires et au moins une image motif de l'élément de sécurité se complètent à partir de certains angles d'observation en transmission pour former une information globale.
  4. Élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les éléments structurels sont, dans des zones partielles, pourvus d'un revêtement opaque, en particulier d'un revêtement métallique opaque, cependant que le revêtement opaque est réalisé de préférence sous forme multicouche, en particulier tricouche, ou de préférence sous forme d'élément en couche mince à changement des couleurs par basculement.
  5. Élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la au moins une microstructure est agencée directement sur l'image motif.
  6. Élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'image motif comprend une structure de motif imprimée ou gaufrée, une couche métallique structurée, une couche motif changeant de couleurs par basculement, une couche motif diffractive telle qu'un hologramme, une disposition structurée à plusieurs couches, une grille structurée de sub-longueur d'onde, une structure en oeil de mite, une structure imprimée, une couche à dessins en négatif tels que caractères en négatif, ou une combinaison des variantes précitées.
  7. Élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité inclut une deuxième image motif qui est appliquée sur au moins une microstructure, de telle sorte que, à partir de certains angles d'observation en transmission, uniquement la première image motif, et à partir d'autres angles d'observation, uniquement la deuxième image motif est visible, et/ou en ce que la microstructure et l'image motif présentent conjointement une épaisseur de 20 µm ou moins, de préférence de 3 µm à 10 µm, et/ou en ce que les éléments structurels présentent un écart structurel caractéristique de 5 µm ou plus, et/ou en ce que les éléments structurels présentent une taille structurelle de 1 µm ou plus, de préférence de 3 µm ou plus.
  8. Élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments structurels sont agencés essentiellement périodiquement, et que, à la période définie par l'écart structurel caractéristique, il se superpose une fluctuation aléatoire des écarts structurels d'une amplitude située entre 1% et 5% , en particulier d'environ 2% de la période, et/ou en ce que, dans l'image motif de l'élément de sécurité, un motif à représenter prédéterminé est distordu, et que l'image motif et au moins une microstructure sont accordées entre elles de telle façon que le motif à représenter, lors d'une courbure prédéterminée de l'élément de sécurité, est, en transmission, visible de manière non distordue, l'élément de sécurité étant de préférence un élément de transfert destiné à être transposé sur un substrat cible.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité selon une des revendications de 1 à 8, dans lequel l'élément de sécurité est pourvu d'au moins une microstructure ayant une image apparente visuelle dépendant, en transmission, de l'angle d'observation, dans lequel la au moins une microstructure est constituée par un agencement d'une pluralité d'éléments structurels ayant un écart structurel caractéristique de 1 µm ou plus, dans lequel l'élément de sécurité est pourvu d'au moins une image motif visible en transmission à partir de certains angles d'observation et non visible en transmission à partir d'autres angles d'observation, et dans lequel l'élément de sécurité est généré en une épaisseur de microstructure et image motif de conjointement 50 µm ou moins, cependant que l'élément de sécurité comporte un substrat transparent ou translucide, et que la au moins une microstructure et l'image motif sont agencées sur des surfaces opposées ou sur la même surface du substrat.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une microstructure de l'élément de sécurité est constituée par une structure lamellaire formée d'une pluralité de lamelles essentiellement parallèles.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que, pour la génération d'au moins une structure lamellaire,
    - une couche de vernis de gaufrage est appliquée sur le substrat,
    - la couche de vernis de gaufrage sous forme d'une structure lamellaire comportant une pluralité de lamelles essentiellement parallèles, en particulier sous forme d'une structure en dents de scie asymétrique ayant des premiers flancs, moins fortement inclinés, et des deuxièmes flancs, plus fortement inclinés, est gaufrée et durcie,
    - la structure lamellaire, en particulier la structure en dents de scie, est revêtue d'une métallisation à pleine surface,
    - par un processus de décapage, la métallisation est décapée, le processus de décapage étant achevé dès que la métallisation se trouvant sur les lamelles, en particulier sur les flancs plus fortement inclinés, est réduite à une épaisseur de couche apparaissant transparente prédéterminée ou est entièrement décapée, il étant de préférence utilisé en tant que processus de décapage des processus de décapage physique, en particulier gravure plasma, décapage ionique, attaque par
    faisceau d'ions, gravure plasma réactive ou gravure plasma atmosphérique, ou des processus de décapage chimique par utilisation d'acides ou de bases, et le revêtement de la structure en dents de scie ayant lieu de préférence par revêtement chimique, dépôt-vapeur, pulvérisation, dépôt-vapeur assisté par plasma, par CVD ou par impression de particules métalliques.
  12. Support de données, en particulier document de valeur tel que billet de banque, carte d'identification ou objet similaire, qui est muni d'un élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 8 ou d'un élément de sécurité fabriqué selon au moins une des revendications de 9 à 11.
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un support de données, en particulier d'un document de valeur tel qu'un billet de banque, une carte d'identification ou objet similaire, dans lequel un substrat pour supports de donnés est mis à disposition, et un élément de sécurité selon au moins une des revendications de 1 à 8 est appliqué sur le substrat pour supports de donnés ou inséré dans le substrat pour supports de donnés, le substrat pour supports de donnés comportant de préférence une zone à transmission et l'élément de sécurité étant, dans la zone à transmission, appliqué sur le substrat pour supports de donnés ou inséré dans le substrat pour supports de donnés.
  14. Procédé de fabrication d'un support de données, en particulier d'un document de valeur tel qu'un billet de banque, une carte d'identification ou objet similaire, dans lequel
    - un substrat pour supports de donnés est mis à disposition,
    - le substrat pour supports de donnés est pourvu d'au moins une image motif, et
    - le substrat pour supports de donnés est, dans la zone de la au moins une image motif, pourvu d'au moins une microstructure présentant une image apparente visuelle qui dépend, en transmission, de l'angle d'observation, et qui est constituée par un agencement d'une pluralité d'éléments structurels ayant un écart structurel caractéristique de 1 tim ou plus,
    - de telle sorte que la au moins une microstructure et la au moins une image motif constituent un élément de sécurité, dans lequel la microstructure et l'image motif présentent conjointement une épaisseur de 50 µm ou moins, et dans lequel l'image motif est visible en transmission à partir de certains angles d'observation et et n'est pas visible en transmission à partir d'autres angles d'observation, et la microstructure et la au moins une image motif sont appliquées sur des côtés opposés du substrat pour supports de donnés.
EP10779718.5A 2009-11-19 2010-11-15 Elément de sûreté à microstructure Active EP2501553B1 (fr)

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EP1669213A1 (fr) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-14 Sicpa Holding S.A. Elément de sécurité avec un aspect dépendent de l'angle d'observation
DE102006021961A1 (de) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit Lasermarkierung
DE102006050047A1 (de) 2006-10-24 2008-04-30 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Durchsichtssicherheitselement mit Mikrostrukturen
DE102006052413A1 (de) 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitsfolie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120228860A1 (en) 2012-09-13
WO2011060910A1 (fr) 2011-05-26
EP3075562B1 (fr) 2018-05-09
EP2501553A1 (fr) 2012-09-26
US9016726B2 (en) 2015-04-28
EP3075562A1 (fr) 2016-10-05
DE102009053925A1 (de) 2011-05-26

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