EP2484122A1 - Dispositif de commutation de paquets optiques - Google Patents
Dispositif de commutation de paquets optiquesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2484122A1 EP2484122A1 EP10770564A EP10770564A EP2484122A1 EP 2484122 A1 EP2484122 A1 EP 2484122A1 EP 10770564 A EP10770564 A EP 10770564A EP 10770564 A EP10770564 A EP 10770564A EP 2484122 A1 EP2484122 A1 EP 2484122A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- packet
- section
- node
- wavelength
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
- H04J14/0283—WDM ring architectures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0287—Protection in WDM systems
- H04J14/0297—Optical equipment protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
- H04Q11/0066—Provisions for optical burst or packet networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
- H04Q2011/0007—Construction
- H04Q2011/0013—Construction using gating amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
- H04Q2011/0007—Construction
- H04Q2011/0016—Construction using wavelength multiplexing or demultiplexing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
- H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
- H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
- H04Q2011/0037—Operation
- H04Q2011/0039—Electrical control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1301—Optical transmission, optical switches
Definitions
- the invention relates to optical spectral multiplexing (WDM) communication networks.
- WDM optical spectral multiplexing
- the invention also relates to an optical packet switching device and, more generally, to the network elements for such a communication network.
- Insertion-extraction optical packet multiplexers are known for spectral multiplexed optical communication networks, for example according to US 2002/01 31 1 1 8.
- the fundamental functions of such equipment are the insertion of traffic, traffic extraction, traffic transmission and multipoint traffic extraction and transmission.
- the transmission function By performing the transmission function in a transparent manner, that is to say without converting the data signal to the electronic domain, the number of necessary optical transponders is reduced with respect to a communication node producing an electronic conversion of all the traffic entering.
- the invention provides an optical packet switching device comprising:
- an input section adapted to receive an optical signal comprising data packets carried by wavelength channels
- an output section adapted to transmit an optical signal comprising data packets carried by wavelength channels
- an extraction section able to demodulate data packets carried by at least one of the wavelength channels received in the input section, an insertion section able to generate optical data packets on at least one channel wavelength to be transmitted by the output section, a spectral splitter for separating a plurality of said wavelength channels received in the input section,
- an optical combiner for recombining wavelength channels separated by said spectral separator
- a transit section comprising optical paths for transparently transmitting respective wavelength channels between the spectral separator and the optical combiner
- selector elements each cooperating with a respective optical path and being switchable in packet mode for selectively blocking or individually passing a data packet carried by the wavelength channel transiting in said optical path
- control unit adapted to receive signaling information relating to data packets received in the input section and defining, for a data packet, a wavelength channel and a time window which contain said data packet, and controlling a selector element corresponding to said wavelength channel synchronously with said time window to block or pass said data packet, said control unit holding the selector element in a blocking state during the time windows in which no data packet is received on said wavelength channel.
- this device may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- the signaling information relating to a data packet defines a destination of said data packet.
- control unit is adapted to switch the selector element into an on state during a time window containing a data packet having a destination downstream of said communication node to pass the data packet to said output section.
- the insertion section comprises at least one optical transmitter capable of generating data packets on said wavelength channel.
- control unit is adapted to receive information relating to data pending insertion and to control said optical transmitter of the insertion section to generate on said wavelength channel optical packets containing said data pending synchronously with time windows in which the selector element is in the blocking state.
- the selector element may be arranged on the optical path or at one of its ends, in particular in the spectral separator or the optical combiner.
- Spectral separator means one or more components, arranged on one or more stages, for separating optical signals at several wavelengths.
- the spectral separator may include a component adapted to a predetermined grid of wavelengths, such as a demultiplexer or a non-colored beam splitter associated with fixed or tunable filters.
- the spectral separator can be reconfigurable, for example in the form of a wavelength selective switch (WSS).
- WSS wavelength selective switch
- a spectral splitter may be provided to separate individual channels or groups of channels, including spectral bands containing one or more channels.
- an optical path and a corresponding selector element may be dedicated to the transit of a channel of individual wavelength or to the transit of a group of channels.
- the insertion section may comprise one or more optical transmitters with a fixed or adjustable wavelength.
- the number of transmitters determines the insertion capability of the node.
- the insertion section is designed in a modular manner to allow adaptation of the insertion capacity of the node to the real needs.
- the insertion section comprises a fast tunable tunable optical transmitter.
- Fast tuning refers to the ability of an optical source to change the emission wavelength in a much shorter time than the average duration of the optical packets.
- Such a source may for example be used to transmit successive packets on channels of different wavelengths.
- the insertion section may be connected inside or outside the transit section.
- the insertion section comprises one or more fixed or tunable transmitters connected to one or more of the optical paths upstream of the optical combiner or ports of the optical combiner.
- the insertion section comprises one or more fixed or tunable transmitters connected to the output section.
- optical combiner is meant one or more components, arranged on one or more stages, for combining optical signals at several wavelengths.
- the optical combiner may include a component adapted to a predetermined grid of wavelengths, such as a multiplexer, or an uncolored component, such as a star coupler.
- a non-colored component may be preferred in the case where the optical combiner is to receive the inserted traffic because it does not limit the choice of wavelengths for the insertion of traffic.
- the extraction section may comprise one or more optical receivers with a fixed or adjustable wavelength. The number of receivers determines the extraction capacity of the node.
- the extraction section is designed in a modular manner to allow adaptation of the extraction capacity of the node to the real needs.
- the extraction section comprises a plurality of packet mode receivers each connected to an optical path of the transit section and able to demodulate data packets carried by the wavelength channels transiting through the corresponding optical paths.
- This arrangement makes it possible to extract packets carried by several wavelength channels, which provides flexibility for sources to address traffic to the node.
- the extraction section comprises at least one packet mode receiver connected to the input section via at least one fast tunable tunable filter for selecting a channel of length. wave carrying a packet of data to be demodulated.
- the extraction section can therefore be connected inside or outside the transit section.
- the extraction section comprises one or more fixed or tunable receivers connected to one or more of the optical paths of the transit section.
- the extraction section comprises one or more fixed or tunable receivers connected to the input section upstream of the spectral separator.
- the extraction section comprises a plurality of packet mode receivers for demodulating data packets carried by several wavelength channels received in the input section and an electronic switch for transferring the data of said packets to a plurality of outputs for the extracted traffic.
- This arrangement makes it possible to simultaneously extract packets on several channels and to resolve the contention between the data extracted to the output ports.
- said or each selector element comprises a semiconductor optical amplifier arranged as an optical gate on an optical path of the transit section.
- This embodiment makes it possible to use the amplifier to erase packets not to be transmitted and to re-amplify packets to be transmitted to the output section of the node.
- Other possibilities exist for making the selector element for example a switch 1 ⁇ 2 or 2x2 or other.
- the information relating to the packet-carrying wavelength channel may be explicit, for example when the signaling includes digital information identifying the channel, or implicit, for example when a given physical channel carries the signaling information relating to a channel. given wavelength.
- the information relating to the time window containing a packet may be explicit, for example when the signaling includes digital information identifying the beginning, the end and / or the duration of the time window, or implicit, for example when there is synchronization predefined between the signaling information received by the control unit and the data packets received by the optical layer of the node.
- the data packets may be variable size packets or fixed size packets. Preferably, the data packets are positioned substantially synchronously on the different wavelength channels.
- the signaling information relating to the data packets received in the input section is carried by a predetermined wavelength channel of said optical signal, said node comprising a spectral separator for separating said predetermined channel and an optical receiver for demodulating said signaling information.
- the signaling may be carried out of the band, that is to say on one or more channels reserved for signaling, or in the band, that is to say on one or more channels shared with packets of data, especially in packet headers.
- the invention also provides a communication node for a WDM optical network comprising:
- a wavelength switching device connecting said input lines to said output lines and adapted to form said outgoing WDM optical signals into recombining each time wavelength channels from said incoming WDM optical signals.
- the invention also provides a transparent or hybrid optical network having a plurality of network elements selected from the group consisting of aforementioned switching devices and aforesaid communication nodes and optical fibers connecting said communication elements. network.
- This optical network can in particular be used to transmit data packets having different modulation formats and / or different modulation rates.
- An idea underlying the invention is to allow several optical packets transmitted by several different sources to share a same wavelength channel in a WDM optical network.
- the switchable packet mode selector element selectively deletes a packet in the transit section to release the wavelength channel for the insertion of a packet on the same channel by the node insertion section. or by another element of the network.
- This selective deletion of packets on a wavelength channel can be used to suppress the traffic having no destination downstream of the communication node, for example the point-to-point traffic to be extracted by the extraction section of the node. , or to delete a packet in transit in favor of a packet to be inserted by the insertion section, for example when there is no available bandwidth for this packet to be inserted and that this packet has a priority level greater than or equal to the packet in transit.
- controlling the selector element maintained by default in a blocking state in each network element makes it possible to keep the optical noise at a very low level in the unoccupied windows.
- the insertion of an optical packet in a previously unoccupied window is performed on a low background noise, which optimizes the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and thus improves the range of transmissions in the optical domain .
- OSNR optical signal-to-noise ratio
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical network according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a functional representation of the optical architecture of a node of the network of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a functional representation of the electronic architecture of the node of FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 is a functional representation of the format of an optical signal received by the node of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a functional representation of an extraction section of the node of FIG. 2 according to an alternative embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a functional representation of an insertion section of the node of FIG. 2 according to a variant embodiment
- FIG. 7 represents the optical architecture of a communication node according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 very schematically shows an optical network 10 with a ring architecture, for example of the metropolitan type, comprising access nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 interconnected by optical links 9 , for example optical fibers.
- the arrow 7 represents the direction of circulation of the optical signals in the ring.
- the data is transported on a grid of N predetermined wavelength channels, N being a positive integer, for example equal to 40 or 80 channels.
- the data rate per wavelength channel is set by the rate of optical modulators of the access nodes, for example 1 0 or 40 Gbit / s.
- Each access node cooperates with a client layer, represented at digit 8 for node 1, which provides the access node with data to be inserted into the optical network and which retrieves data extracted from the optical network by the access node.
- This client layer includes, for example, an aggregation network or a passive optical network. Many other elements than those shown may be involved in the constitution of the network 1 0, for example redundant links for protection against failures, a network management system, etc.
- the network is preferably designed in such a way that any access node can communicate with all others in the optical domain. That is, the network can transport transparently a packet of data from the sending node to the destination node.
- the nodes have a transparent transit section.
- an access node is capable of extracting data packets on several wavelength channels.
- the bandwidth used for the traffic destined for this node can be flexibly allocated in a wide range as needed.
- an access node is capable of inserting data packets on several of the wavelength channels.
- the transmitting node can choose a wavelength channel on which to transmit according to the load of the channels.
- FIG. 2 shows an optical layer 20 of node 1, in the form of an insertion-extraction optical packet multiplexer, which can satisfy these constraints.
- the optical signal WDM carried by the optical fiber 9 is received and introduced into a demultiplexer 22.
- the demultiplexer 22 has a plurality of outputs providing separately all the wavelength channels, namely a channel reserved for signaling at an output 23 and (N1) data transport channels at the outputs 25.
- the output 23 is connected to an optical packet receiver 24 for demodulating the signaling information.
- a link 26 transmits the signaling information to a node controller 50, shown in FIG.
- Each output 25 of the demultiplexer 22 is connected by a transit optical path 30 to a N-type star coupler 28.
- the optical path 30 successively comprises an optical link 31, a coupler 32 of the 1: 2 type for the extraction, a semiconductor amplifier 34 serving as a fast optical gate, a coupler 32 of the 2: 1 type for the insertion and an optical link 38.
- the amplifier 34 is controlled by the node controller 50 through a link 39 to selectively block or pass each data packet carried by the allocated wavelength channel to the optical path 30
- a delay line 33 for example an optical fiber length, may also be provided on the optical path 30 to adjust the transit time of the packets through the node.
- the extraction section is constituted, for each optical path 30, of an optical packet receiver 40 receiving the packets carried by the corresponding wavelength channel from the coupler 32.
- the wavelength channel allocated to the optical path 30 is therefore broadcast in the transit section and the section by means of the coupler 32.
- Each optical packet receiver 40 demodulates the optical packets under the control of the node controller 50 and transmits the demodulated data over a link 41 to an electronic switch 42, shown in FIG.
- optical packets 40 (also known as "burst mode receiver") is able to demodulate optical packet data by adapting to the signal level of each packet, which may vary depending on the origin of the packet optical and the distance he has traveled in the network. Packet receivers 40 also perform clock recovery.
- the insertion section of the node here consists of one or more optical packet transmitters 45 coupled to the optical paths 30 at the level of the couplers 37.
- the or each optical packet transmitter 45 uses a tunable optical source with an internal or external modulator, which makes it possible to reach the entire spectrum of wavelength channels for the insertion of traffic regardless of the number of transmitters. used.
- the optical packet transmitter 45 is connected by a link 49 to the node controller 50.
- the tuning of the transmitter 45 is performed under the control of the node controller 50 in synchronization with the time windows available on the optical paths 30 for transmission. some packages.
- the source must allow fast tuning with respect to packet time. For example current technologies allow tuning in 50 or 100 ns.
- the optical combiner 28 recombines the optical packets coming from the transit section and the insertion section and carried by the different wavelength channels, as well as the signaling packets inserted by an optical transmitter 44 into the channel dedicated to signaling, and sends the resulting spectral multiplexing optical signal into the optical fiber 9 to the next downstream access node.
- an optical amplifier 1 6 EDFA type mounted each time on the optical fiber 9 to amplify the optical signal carried in the fiber.
- These amplifiers 1 6 improve the cascadability of the node by compensating for the losses caused by the optical components, in particular the demultiplexer 22, the couplers 32 and 37 and the combiner 28.
- the number of amplification stages can be adapted according to the existing needs in the network, which depends on the propagation distances and all the optical equipment installed.
- the optical gate 34 can fulfill an amplification function for the packets in transit, an amplifier 1 6 is not always necessary.
- the architecture of FIG. 2 makes it possible to balance the losses between the different transit optical paths.
- the node controller 50 receives the signaling information relating to the data packets arriving on the input optical fiber 9 with a time advance on these packets, to have time to process this information and configure the packet receiver (s) 40 the optical door (s) 34 and the optical transmitter (s) 45 in synchronization with the arrival of the packets.
- the signaling information relating to an optical packet includes, for example, the identity of the wavelength channel carrying it, the identity of the destination access node or nodes, the priority level of the packet and information of the packet. timing relative to the arrival time of the packet in the node.
- the node controller 50 has a link 51 with the packet receivers 40.
- the node controller 50 controls the packet receiver 40 assigned to the length channel of the packet. corresponding wave to demodulate this packet, that is to say convert the data in the electronic domain and pass them to the electronic switch 41.
- demodulate only the optical packets intended for the access node in question, which preserves the confidentiality of the traffic in transit.
- An alternative is to demodulate all incoming packets in the fetch section and erase the data that does not have that destination.
- the electronic switch 41 provides temporary storage of the extracted data to manage contention to the output ports 55, reorder the packets, and forward the packets to the output interfaces 54.
- An output interface 54 is an electronic module that formats the data suitably for the client layer connected to the output port 55.
- the output interfaces 54 are Ethernet format line cards, for example with a capacity of 10 Gbit / s or the like.
- the extraction capacity of the node can be modified in a modular way by adding or deleting an output interface 54 and / or by adding or
- a packet receiver 40 and an output interface 54 of suitable capacity are arranged in the form of a unitary module, for example an optoelectronic card.
- the optical gates 34 are controlled by the node controller 50 so as to have a blocking state by default.
- the node controller 50 switches an optical gate 34 in the on state only to allow transit traffic to the next nodes.
- the node controller 50 controls the optical gate 34 assigned to the corresponding wavelength channel to pass this packet. During this time window, this wavelength channel is busy and unavailable for the traffic to be inserted.
- multipoint or broadcast traffic to all nodes is normally seamlessly passed through optical gate 34, which may also be used to amplify the packet signal.
- the insertion section includes a temporary storage unit 53 for the data to be inserted.
- the unit 53 receives the data to be inserted from the client layer via input interfaces 52, classifies the data in queues according to their destinations and their priority levels to form packets having a size adapted to the format used in the optical network 10, and transfers this data to the packet transmitters 45 when their insertion is decided by the node controller 50.
- the node controller 50 has a link 56 with the temporary storage unit 53 to permanently know the properties of the traffic to insert, ie for example the filling status of the different queues. When there is a packet waiting to be inserted, the node controller 50 controls its insertion in a time window. available on a wavelength channel that the destination node is able to extract.
- a table of allocation of the wavelength channels to the different access nodes of the network can be decided centrally and communicated to all the nodes, for example by a network management system.
- a good distribution of the length channels between the nodes and an optimal use of the tunable transmitters 45 must make it possible to balance the traffic on the different channels.
- the available windows are known, either according to the signaling and according to the decisions made regarding the erasure of the packets in transit, or by physical detection of a lack of traffic on a given channel (CSMA / CA method) . If necessary, the detection of the signal to identify the available windows can be done upstream of the delay lines 33.
- Node controller 50 is also responsible for managing contention between packets in transit and packets inserted. For example, several methods can be implemented:
- the node controller If a packet in transit has a higher priority level than a packet awaiting insertion coveting the same wavelength channel, the node controller passes the packet in transit and delays insertion of the packet to be inserted. .
- the node controller blocks the packet in transit with the optical gate 34 and inserts the packet at the same time. insert in the time window thus released. For the low priority packet that it has cleared, the node controller 50 can let the retransmission mechanisms act at the sending node without performing any particular action.
- the controller of node controls the execution of the following steps: demodulation of the optical packet in transit in the extraction section and, simultaneously, erasure of the optical packet in transit through the transit section, inserting the packet to be inserted into the time window thus released, storing the demodulated transit data in a temporary storage unit 57, and inserting these data into an optical packet in a subsequent time window on a channel of length d wave compatible with their destination.
- This treatment has the disadvantage of passing data in transit through the electronic domain, but such an event should be rare if the network is not overloaded and its load is well distributed over the wavelength channels.
- This processing also makes it possible to perform a wavelength conversion for the packet in transit.
- This processing of giving priority to the packet to be inserted and delaying the transmission of the packet in transit can also be used, regardless of the priority levels, when the queues of the storage unit 53 reach a high fill level.
- the insertion capacity of the node can be modified in a modular way by adding or deleting an input interface 52 and / or by adding or deleting a packet transmitter 45.
- a transmitter of packets 45 and an input interface 52 of suitable capacity are arranged in the form of a unitary module, for example an optoelectronic board.
- the node controller 50 Based on the decisions made about the packets in transit and the packets inserted, the node controller 50 generates signaling information about the outgoing data packets on the output optical fiber 9 and controls the transmitter 44 through a link 58 to transmit this signaling information to the next hop with a time advance on the packets themselves.
- Optical data packets can have various formats, with a fixed or variable size.
- the network 1 0 is designed to jointly transport data packets having several modulation formats (for example OOK, BPSK, DQPSK and others) and / or several modulation rates (for example 1 0 Gb / s , 40 Gb / s, 100 Gb / s, and others).
- the signaling associated with a packet preferably comprises information on the format and / or the modulation rate, so that optical packet switching decisions can be made by the controllers of the nodes taking into account these properties of the packet, for example to direct the packet to a suitable optical receiver at the destination node of the packet.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a synchronous transmission of fixed packets on all channels.
- the columns represent successive time windows of the same duration.
- the data is inserted into the network 10 in the form of at most one optical packet 60 per time window and per wavelength channel.
- Four channels of wavelengths ⁇ to ⁇ 4 are represented, as well as a signaling channel ⁇ c.
- a line represents the traffic passing over a wavelength channel at a given point of the network 1 0 in the course of time between the time t 1, and the time t n + 2 .
- FIG. 4 represents, by way of example, a format that can be used to transmit the signaling information in this context.
- the packet 60 on the signaling channel comprises four fields C1 to C4 respectively containing the signaling information relating to the four data channels.
- a time window contains the signaling information relating to the packets present in the following time window, so that the nodes always receive the signaling information in advance of the data.
- the duration of the time window may be of the order of 1 to 100 microseconds, advantageously close to 10 microseconds.
- FIG. 4 also shows that, in the packet network 10, an optical signal is present on a wavelength channel only when there is a data packet to be transmitted, as opposed to circuit-type technologies such as SONET / SDH.
- an optical packet receiver 40 is assigned to a wavelength channel, which links the retrieval capability of the node to the number of channels on which it can receive packets.
- FIG. 5 represents an alternative embodiment of the extraction section of a node according to this principle. The elements identical or similar to those of FIG. 2 bear the same reference number increased by 1 00.
- the input optical fiber 1 09 is here connected to a star coupler 80, of type 1: 5 in the example shown.
- a tunable receiver 85 is for example constituted by a tunable filter 81 and a packet receiver 140.
- the link 1 51 between the node controller and the tunable receivers 85 makes it possible to control the filter 81 as a function of the signaling information for tuning the filter 81 on the wavelength channel corresponding to a packet to be demodulated.
- the extraction capacity of the node can be modified in a modular way by adding or removing tunable receivers 85.
- the use of tunable receivers 85 makes it possible to dispense with a centralized allocation of the wavelength channels to the access nodes. .
- Block 1 65 represents the other components of the node, which are made similarly to FIG. 2.
- a 4x4 coupler (or PxQ, P and Q, positive integers) can be provided to combine the signals taken from each optical path and to redistribute the signal. combined to multiple packet mode receivers with fixed or tunable filters.
- the coupler 80 is replaced by a coupler 1 X2 whose output leads to the extraction section.
- the extraction section can be performed each time with a beam splitter and a plurality of tunable receivers, or with a demultiplexer and a plurality of selectable color receivers.
- a selectable color receiver may consist of a fixed wavelength receiver combined with an optical gate. Coherent optical receivers with fixed or tunable wavelength may also be used, in which case an optical filter is not necessary.
- Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the insertion section of a node. Elements identical or similar to those in Figure 2 bear the same reference numeral increased by 200.
- the optical packet transmitters 244 and 245 are here connected to a star coupler 90, type 6: 1 in the example shown, which combines the packets inserted by these transmitters with the packets having passed through the transit section.
- the output of the coupler 90 is connected to the output optical fiber 209.
- the optical combiner 228 therefore only receives the packets in transit.
- the combiner 228 can then be implemented in the form of a multiplexer since the optical lines 238 carry predefined wavelength channels, which makes it possible to reduce losses and possibly to economize an optical amplification stage.
- the insertion capacity of the node can be modified in a modular way by adding or deleting fixed or tunable transmitters 245.
- the block 265 represents the other components of the node, which are made similarly to FIG.
- the insertion section is made with a strip of fixed color transmitters, optionally a strip of optical ports arranged at the output of the transmitters, and a multiplexer for combining the colored signals of the transmitters.
- a 2x1 coupler is disposed in place of the coupler 90 to combine the output of the insertion section with the output of the optical combiner 228.
- the optical components of the extraction, transit and insertion sections are protected by redundant components according to a protection scheme 1 for n, where n denotes a number greater than 1.
- Protection components are provided, for example, for the fixed or tunable packet receivers 85, the packet transmitters 45 or 245 and the optical paths 30.
- a means is preferably provided for switching the optical gates 34 in the on state in response to such a situation. Thus, the rest of the network is not affected by the fault.
- optical amplifiers for example of the SOA type, may be provided at multiple points of the node, in particular at points where the optical signal is attenuated, such as the couplers.
- An amplifier can for example be integrated in a coupler.
- the optical network 10 is preferably managed using a combination of centralized methods and distributed methods.
- Centralized processes implemented for example using a centralized management system, for example relate to the allocation of wavelength channels to the nodes that can extract them and the definition of priority levels or classes of services.
- the distributed methods concern for example the management of the insertion, transit and extraction by the access nodes with a packet level granularity.
- Some of the elements represented, in particular the node controller 50, can be made in different forms, unitarily or distributed, by means of hardware and / or software components.
- Useful hardware components are ASIC specific integrated circuits, FPGA programmable logic networks or microprocessors.
- Software components can be written in different programming languages, for example C, C ++, Java or VHDL. This list is not exhaustive.
- the queues required for temporary storage of the extracted data and data waiting to be inserted can be centralized in a memory module or distributed in several.
- a network management system may be hardware equipment, for example a microcomputer, a workstation, a device connected to the Internet or any other dedicated or general purpose communication device.
- Software programs executed by this system perform network management functions to control network elements.
- the nodes described above are usable in many types of optical networks, with a ring architecture or otherwise, with any number of nodes, and with various geographic extents, including LAN, MAN, WAN, and others.
- these nodes having optical gates capable of clearing transit traffic on the transit optical paths 30 can be used in combination with other types of nodes, having fully transparent transit optical paths.
- a fully transparent transit optical path is the function by which an input port of the node transparently passes all incoming packets to one or more output ports of the node.
- nodes having fully transparent transit optical paths are in particular the DBORN nodes described in the publications "DBORN: a shared WDM Ethernet Bus architecture for optical packet metropolitan networks", N. Le Sauze et al., Paper TuC3, Photonic In Switching, Cheju Island, Korea, 2002 and T. Zami et al., Paper Ps.Th.B2, Photonic In Switching, 2003.
- These nodes perform the insertion of packets on the transit optical path by a CSMA / CA type media access control protocol based on the detection of empty time windows. In other words, the node monitors the incoming wavelength channels using photodiodes that sample the transit traffic to detect the empty time windows into which packets can be inserted.
- the control of these optical gates in a blocking state by This defect limits the broadband optical noise accumulated in the empty time windows, and thus improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical packets inserted by the nodes having fully transparent transit optical paths.
- the optical gate of a transit optical path of a node can be used to clean the corresponding wavelength channel (s), even at times when this node does not have a node. packet to be inserted and even at times when no optical packet is present on this or these channels, to improve the noise conditions for the insertion of traffic by a node DBORN or similar downstream.
- the node of FIG. 7 comprises a switching matrix of FIG. wavelength channels 70, here having four inputs and four outputs, made from beam splitters 71 and wavelength select switches 72 in a broadcast and select architecture.
- An insertion-fetch optical packet multiplexer 20 is disposed on each input line 109.
- an optical add-drop optical packet multiplexer may be mounted on each output line 209.
- the controller of Node 50 may be arranged to control both the insertion-fetch optical packet multiplexers 20 and the wavelength-selection switches 72 in an integrated manner.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0956727A FR2950765B1 (fr) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | Dispositif de commutation de paquets optiques |
PCT/FR2010/051917 WO2011039443A1 (fr) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-15 | Dispositif de commutation de paquets optiques |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2484122A1 true EP2484122A1 (fr) | 2012-08-08 |
Family
ID=41800562
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10770564A Withdrawn EP2484122A1 (fr) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-15 | Dispositif de commutation de paquets optiques |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8737835B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2484122A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2013506372A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101451608B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102550042B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2950765B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011039443A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9794019B2 (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2017-10-17 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp | Prioritized optical arbitration systems and methods |
EP2661096B1 (fr) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-12-10 | Alcatel Lucent | Procédé de surveillance d'une grille optique et équipement associé |
EP2693769B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-30 | 2014-10-08 | Alcatel Lucent | Noeud de réseau à capacité élevée |
CN102932065B (zh) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-03-18 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | 一种多子信道的增益平坦装置及方法 |
EP2747322B1 (fr) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-09-21 | Alcatel Lucent | Bloc de commutation de paquets optiques wdm |
CN103888857B (zh) * | 2014-03-11 | 2018-06-19 | 北京邮电大学 | 软定义弹性光交换网络中有共享调制复用能力的节点装置 |
TWI776294B (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-09-01 | 中華電信股份有限公司 | 光框架交換機 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP3481442B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-22 | 2003-12-22 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光ネットワーク |
US7283747B2 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2007-10-16 | Nortel Networks Limited | Optical switch router |
EP1241913A1 (fr) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-18 | Alcatel | Noeud de paquets optique et multiplexeur à insertion/extraction de paquets optiques |
JP3855691B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2006-12-13 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光スイッチモジュール |
KR100487244B1 (ko) * | 2002-10-11 | 2005-05-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 다파장 광 교환 시스템 |
US7167620B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2007-01-23 | Doron Handelman | Devices and methods for all-optical processing and storage |
JP4792365B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2011-10-12 | 富士通株式会社 | 光伝送装置およびその制御方法 |
KR100871041B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-11-27 | 한국정보통신대학교 산학협력단 | 시간 동기화를 통한 광 스위칭 시스템에서의 광 데이터전달장치 |
JP4805135B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2011-11-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 光クロスコネクト装置 |
JP4957315B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-26 | 2012-06-20 | 富士通株式会社 | 半導体光増幅モジュール、マトリクス型光スイッチ装置、および駆動回路 |
JP4930175B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2012-05-16 | 富士通株式会社 | 信号光を転送するノードの制御装置 |
FR2915646B1 (fr) * | 2007-04-27 | 2009-06-12 | Alcatel Lucent Sas | Dispositif de commutation optique pour reseau optique transparent |
JP5012232B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2012-08-29 | 富士通株式会社 | 光スイッチ装置 |
JP5380872B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-18 | 2014-01-08 | 富士通株式会社 | 光ゲート素子の監視装置及び方法並びに光スイッチシステム |
EP2392089B1 (fr) * | 2009-01-29 | 2012-11-14 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (PUBL) | Noeud de réseau de communication optique et procédé de commande de transmission de données entre des n uds de réseau de communication optique |
-
2009
- 2009-09-29 FR FR0956727A patent/FR2950765B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-09-15 KR KR1020127010710A patent/KR101451608B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-09-15 WO PCT/FR2010/051917 patent/WO2011039443A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2010-09-15 US US13/497,216 patent/US8737835B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-09-15 CN CN201080043531.9A patent/CN102550042B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-09-15 JP JP2012531473A patent/JP2013506372A/ja active Pending
- 2010-09-15 EP EP10770564A patent/EP2484122A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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None * |
See also references of WO2011039443A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101451608B1 (ko) | 2014-10-16 |
FR2950765A1 (fr) | 2011-04-01 |
JP2013506372A (ja) | 2013-02-21 |
FR2950765B1 (fr) | 2012-07-27 |
WO2011039443A1 (fr) | 2011-04-07 |
KR20120073297A (ko) | 2012-07-04 |
US8737835B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
US20120183293A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
CN102550042B (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
CN102550042A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
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