EP2483014A1 - Method for strip casting steel and system for strip casting - Google Patents

Method for strip casting steel and system for strip casting

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Publication number
EP2483014A1
EP2483014A1 EP10765755A EP10765755A EP2483014A1 EP 2483014 A1 EP2483014 A1 EP 2483014A1 EP 10765755 A EP10765755 A EP 10765755A EP 10765755 A EP10765755 A EP 10765755A EP 2483014 A1 EP2483014 A1 EP 2483014A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
casting
strip
cast
conveyor belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10765755A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2483014B1 (en
Inventor
Jochen Wans
Dieter Rosenthal
Jochen SCHLÜTER
Christian Geerkens
Jörg BAUSCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Group GmbH
Original Assignee
SMS Siemag AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Siemag AG filed Critical SMS Siemag AG
Publication of EP2483014A1 publication Critical patent/EP2483014A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2483014B1 publication Critical patent/EP2483014B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0608—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by caterpillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
    • B22D11/002—Stainless steels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/126—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D5/00—Machines or plants for pig or like casting
    • B22D5/04—Machines or plants for pig or like casting with endless casting conveyors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for casting a steel having a chromium content of more than 15 percent by weight, in particular more than 33 percent by weight.
  • High-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant steels with a high chromium content and carbon-containing alloys have hitherto been produced as individual parts in a discontinuous sand casting process.
  • the cast product is then mechanically processed directly without additional thermomechanical treatment.
  • liquid steel is fed by means of a feed system with a correspondingly formed nozzle onto a circulating transport belt cooled from below with water.
  • the conveyor belt is driven and guided by two pulleys.
  • the melt applied to the conveyor belt solidifies completely in the area of the primary cooling. After solidification, the strip enters inline rolling in rolling stands. After inline rolling and another cooling process, the tape is rewound.
  • Such a casting method for strip casting is known from DE 198 52 275 A1.
  • WO 02/064288 A1 also discloses a method and a device for casting and solidifying liquid metal and its division, which is intended in particular for ferroalloys or non-ferrous metals and for their division.
  • endless strips of predeterminable thickness are produced from the liquid phase by the use of a strip casting plant.
  • a crushing plant divides these into pieces, wherein in the surface of the bands during casting and solidification, a pattern of predetermined breaking points is impressed, which determines the predefined, optimal size of the product pieces when breaking the tape.
  • selected components for example bearing sleeves for turbochargers
  • this object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in that the steel is poured in a horizontal strip caster.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for casting a steel which additionally has a carbon content of more than 1 percent by weight.
  • the strip casting method is advantageously used if the steel additionally has a silicon content of more than 2 percent by weight. It can be provided that the cast steel strip or casting plates produced by casting are cut, milled, drilled or annealed.
  • the invention also relates to a horizontal strip casting plant for carrying out the method explained above.
  • the strip casting plant is characterized in that it comprises a melting furnace, a ladle and a conveyor belt for receiving and cooling a flowing out of the ladle liquid steel.
  • the invention thus aims at the use of a horizontal Bandgit- device for the production of building or insert parts from, for example, high-alloy tool steels from whose dimensions match the cast strip thickness in horizontal strip casting, so that a hot rolling with the goal of recrystallization or thickness reduction is not necessary is.
  • the blanks can be cast continuously, and the creation of single-shot molds, as in sand casting, is eliminated.
  • the conveyor belt is equipped with recesses for the formation of cast iron plates within the steel strip or with transverse projections for the formation of predetermined breaking points within the steel strip.
  • the strip caster may be associated with other equipment for the mechanical aftertreatment of cast by the conveyor belt casting plates. These are, for example, cutting devices for the exact definition of the width and the length of the cast blanks which already have dimensions close to their final dimensions during the casting process. Alternatively, the cast semi-finished product is processed by various mechanical methods to obtain the desired final dimensions.
  • a separating or cutting device for severing the cast product is arranged downstream of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction.
  • 1a, b is a schematic side view and a plan view of a plant for strip casting according to a first embodiment
  • FIGS. 2a, b show a side sectional view of a conveyor belt for pouring cast platelets and a plan view of the conveyor belt, with which cast platens of different dimensions are cast side by side, and
  • the outlet nozzle 4 has a width which corresponds to the width of a casting plate 7 to be cast on the revolving conveyor belt 5.
  • the conveyor belt 5 is driven and guided by two deflection rollers 10, 11 each equipped with its own drive 8, 9.
  • the conveyor belt 5 passes through the container 13 of the cooling device 6, which may also comprise further devices for cooling the circuit board 7.
  • the two deflection rollers 10, 11 can each flow through a cooling liquid.
  • a spray cooling device 14 which sprays the conveyor belt 5 from the bottom with a cooling liquid.
  • a board 7 pour, the length of which corresponds approximately to the length of the system 1 or beyond its length.
  • the casting board 7 either already has the desired length resulting from a determination of the amount of liquid steel in the tundish, or it is separated by means of a cutting or crushing device 15 after leaving the conveyor belt 5 and fed to a semi-finished stock 16. From there, it is forwarded for further treatment, for example milling, drilling, annealing or further cutting or other machining processes, to the corresponding devices and devices. Since the board 7 already having the desired thickness, it does not need to undergo a rolling process as a thermomechanical treatment process. However, depending on the desired material properties, a rolling process may also be provided as a treatment step to the casting process, either immediately after this or after the castings have cooled.
  • a conveyor belt 17 (FIGS. 2 a, b) has a plurality of depressions 19 in a further strip casting installation 18 whose dimensions are close to the final dimensions of the castings to be cast in them.
  • the recesses 19 are either only one after the other or depending on the width of the conveyor belt 17 additionally arranged side by side. The dimensions of the adjacent recesses 19 may have different dimensions.
  • a plurality of outlet nozzles 20 Corresponding to the number of rows of depressions 19 mounted next to one another on the conveyor belt 17, a plurality of outlet nozzles 20 having a width adapted thereto are also provided.
  • Casting can be used to produce castings of various thicknesses; Usually, the casting thickness is between 8 and 25 mm, preferably 15 mm.
  • Typical applications of the high-alloy material are bearing sleeves, for example, the dimensions of 13 mm (thickness) x 120 mm (length) and are made by machining of castings, for example, with the thickness 15 mm and the same width on a lathe, wherein the hollow cylindrical Form is produced by drilling out of the core. All other forms are obtained by machining superficial material of the castings.
  • the casting geometry is 15 mm (width) x 125 mm (length); this results from mechanical, in particular Machining, machining a component geometry of 12.7 mm (width) x 120 mm (length).
  • this preferably also contains carbon of more than 1 percent by weight and / or silicon of more than 2 percent by weight.
  • the property profile of the castings to be cast with the strip caster 1 or 18 includes good high temperature resistance combined with good wear resistance.
  • the Rockwell hardness (HRC) is 33 to 38 at a tensile strength of about 1000 MPa.
  • HRC Rockwell hardness
  • the process-typical rapid cooling has positive effects on the microstructure of the castings. Grain size is reduced and precipitates, such as carbides, are finely dispersed in the matrix due to the impeded diffusion. This results in advantageous mechanical properties.
  • various possibilities of temperature control for cooling the castings (Fig. 3a - d).
  • a first procedure (FIG. 3 a)
  • the temperature of the cast products is initially held for a predetermined time and then cooled off at a defined cooling rate (curve 21).
  • a heating phase may also follow (curve 22).
  • the castings are not cooled until later.
  • the cast products are heated to a defined temperature immediately after casting (FIG. 3b) and only then cooled for a predetermined period of time at a predetermined cooling rate.
  • the castings are directly through Quenching rapidly cooled ( Figure 3c) and then subjected to a controlled temperature control over time, as far as they have not yet assumed the ambient temperature by the quenching process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for casting steel having a chromium content of more than 15 wt.-%, which is characterized in that the steel is cast in a horizontal strip casting system (1) comprising a melting furnace (2), foundry ladle (3) and conveyor belt (5) for receiving and for cooling a liquid steel strip flowing from the foundry ladle (3).

Description

Verfahren zum Bandgießen von Stahl und Anlage zum Bandgießen  Method for strip casting of steel and plant for strip casting
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Gießen eines Stahls mit ei- nem Chromgehalt von mehr als 15 Gewichtsprozent, insbesondere von mehr als 33 Gewichtsprozent. The invention relates to a method for casting a steel having a chromium content of more than 15 percent by weight, in particular more than 33 percent by weight.
Hochtemperaturbeständige und verschleißfeste Stähle mit einem hohen Chromgehalt sowie kohlenstoffhaltige Legierungen werden bislang als Einzelteile in einem diskontinuierlichen Sandgussverfahren hergestellt. Das Gussprodukt wird dann unmittelbar ohne zusätzliche thermomechanische Behandlung mechanisch bearbeitet. High-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant steels with a high chromium content and carbon-containing alloys have hitherto been produced as individual parts in a discontinuous sand casting process. The cast product is then mechanically processed directly without additional thermomechanical treatment.
Beim horizontalen Bandgießen von Stählen gehen die bisher bekannten Verfah- ren zum Gießen eines Stahls stets von einem endabmessungsnahen Gießen in Kombination mit einer Offline- oder einer Inline-Walzung aus. Der Umform- oder Walzschritt hat dabei sowohl den Zweck der Dickenreduzierung als auch der Gefügeneubildung, d. h. der Rekristallisation. Es handelt sich um ein Verfahren mit Ausrichtung auf die Erzeugung von Warmbreitband für Stahllegierungen. Zur Erreichung der mechanischen Eigenschaften ist besonders bei konventionellen Stählen die Umwandlung des Gussgefüges zwingend erforderlich. In the case of horizontal strip casting of steels, the previously known methods for casting a steel always assume an almost final casting in combination with an offline or an inline rolling. The forming or rolling step has both the purpose of reducing the thickness and the structure formation, d. H. the recrystallization. It is a process aimed at the production of hot rolled strip for steel alloys. To achieve the mechanical properties, the transformation of the cast structure is absolutely necessary, especially in conventional steels.
Beim Bandgießen wird flüssiger Stahl durch ein Zuführsystem mit einer entsprechend ausgebildeten Düse auf ein umlaufendes, von unten mit Wasser ge- kühltes Transportband aufgegeben. Das Transportband wird durch zwei Umlenkrollen angetrieben und geführt. Die auf das Transportband aufgebrachte Schmelze erstarrt noch im Bereich der Primärkühlung vollständig. Nach der Erstarrung läuft das Band zum Inline-Walzen in Walzgerüste ein. Nach dem Inli- ne-Walzen und einem weiteren Kühlvorgang wird das Band aufgehaspelt. Ein derartiges Gießverfahren zum Bandgießen ist aus der DE 198 52 275 A1 be- In strip casting, liquid steel is fed by means of a feed system with a correspondingly formed nozzle onto a circulating transport belt cooled from below with water. The conveyor belt is driven and guided by two pulleys. The melt applied to the conveyor belt solidifies completely in the area of the primary cooling. After solidification, the strip enters inline rolling in rolling stands. After inline rolling and another cooling process, the tape is rewound. Such a casting method for strip casting is known from DE 198 52 275 A1.
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE kannt. CONFIRMATION COPY known.
Auch aus der WO 02/064288 A1 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Vergießen und Erstarrenlassen von flüssigem Metall und dessen Zerteilung bekannt, das insbesondere für Ferrolegierungen oder NE-Metalle und deren Zerteilung gedacht ist. Hierbei werden aus der flüssigen Phase durch den Einsatz einer Bandgießanlage endlose Bänder mit vorgebbarer Dicke hergestellt. Eine Brechanlage zerteilt diese in Stücke, wobei in der Oberfläche der Bänder während des Gießens und Erstarrens ein Muster von Sollbruchstellen eingeprägt wird, das beim Brechen des Bandes die vordefinierte, optimale Größe der Produktstücke bestimmt.  WO 02/064288 A1 also discloses a method and a device for casting and solidifying liquid metal and its division, which is intended in particular for ferroalloys or non-ferrous metals and for their division. In this case, endless strips of predeterminable thickness are produced from the liquid phase by the use of a strip casting plant. A crushing plant divides these into pieces, wherein in the surface of the bands during casting and solidification, a pattern of predetermined breaking points is impressed, which determines the predefined, optimal size of the product pieces when breaking the tape.
Andererseits werden ausgewählte Bauteile, beispielsweise Lagerhülsen für Turbolader, in einem diskontinuierlichen Gießverfahren, beispielsweise mittels Gießen in Sandgussformen, gegossen. Da eine mechanische Nachbearbeitung der Einzelbauteile stets erforderlich ist, werden die Gussstücke mit einem ge- ringfügigen Übermaß gegossen und anschließend abgedreht. Gegebenenfalls sind weitere Fertigungsschritte wie das Bohren erforderlich. Jedoch findet keine Warmwalzung mit dem Ziel der Rekristallisation oder der Dickenreduzierung statt. Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, spezielle Stahllegierungen unter Einsparung von Prozessschritten und Energie herzustellen, also einfacher, als dies bisher möglich war. On the other hand, selected components, for example bearing sleeves for turbochargers, are cast in a discontinuous casting process, for example by casting in sand casting molds. Since a mechanical post-processing of the individual components is always required, the castings are cast with a slight oversize and then turned off. If necessary, further manufacturing steps such as drilling are required. However, no hot rolling takes place with the aim of recrystallization or thickness reduction. It is the object of the invention to produce special steel alloys while saving process steps and energy, ie simpler than previously possible.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass der Stahl in einer horizontalen Bandgießanlage gegossen wird. According to the invention, this object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in that the steel is poured in a horizontal strip caster.
Durch den Einsatz des Bandgießverfahrens gelingt es, Stahlbänder in sehr geringer Stärke, beispielsweise von 50 mm oder weniger, kontinuierlich herzustel- len. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. The use of the strip casting method makes it possible to produce steel strips of very low thickness, for example 50 mm or less, continuously. Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung eignet sich insbesondere zum Gießen eines Stahls, der zusätz- lieh einen Kohlenstoffanteil von mehr als 1 Gewichtsprozent aufweist. The invention is particularly suitable for casting a steel which additionally has a carbon content of more than 1 percent by weight.
Ebenso wird das Bandgießverfahren mit Vorteil eingesetzt, wenn der Stahl zusätzlich einen Siliciumanteil von mehr als 2 Gewichtsprozent aufweist. Es lässt sich vorsehen, dass das gegossene Stahlband oder durch Gießen entstandene Gussplatinen geschnitten, gefräst, gebohrt oder geglüht werden. Likewise, the strip casting method is advantageously used if the steel additionally has a silicon content of more than 2 percent by weight. It can be provided that the cast steel strip or casting plates produced by casting are cut, milled, drilled or annealed.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf eine horizontale Bandgießanlage zur Durchführung des oben erläuterten Verfahrens. The invention also relates to a horizontal strip casting plant for carrying out the method explained above.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Bandgießanlage dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Schmelzofen, eine Gießpfanne und ein Transportband zur Aufnahme und zum Abkühlen eines aus der Gießpfanne herausfließenden flüssigen Stahls umfasst. Die Erfindung zielt somit auf die Nutzung einer horizontalen Bandgieß- Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Bau- oder Einsatzteilen aus beispielsweise hochlegierten Werkzeugstählen ab, deren Abmessungen mit der Gussbanddicke beim horizontalen Bandgießen übereinstimmen, so dass eine Warmwal- zung mit dem Ziel der Rekristallisation oder Dickenreduzierung nicht notwendig ist. Die Rohlinge lassen sich kontinuierlich gießen, und die Erstellung von Ein- zelgießformen wie beim Sandguss entfällt. According to the invention, the strip casting plant is characterized in that it comprises a melting furnace, a ladle and a conveyor belt for receiving and cooling a flowing out of the ladle liquid steel. The invention thus aims at the use of a horizontal Bandgieß- device for the production of building or insert parts from, for example, high-alloy tool steels from whose dimensions match the cast strip thickness in horizontal strip casting, so that a hot rolling with the goal of recrystallization or thickness reduction is not necessary is. The blanks can be cast continuously, and the creation of single-shot molds, as in sand casting, is eliminated.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Bandgießanlage ist vorgesehen, dass das Transportband mit Vertiefungen zur Ausbildung von Gussplatinen innerhalb des Stahlbandes oder mit quer verlaufenden Vorsprüngen zur Ausbildung von Sollbruchstellen innerhalb des Stahlbandes ausgestattet ist. Der Bandgießanlage können weitere Anlagen zur mechanischen Nachbehandlung der mittels des Transportbandes gegossenen Gussplatinen zugeordnet sein. Dies sind beispielsweise Zerspanungsvorrichtungen zur genauen Festlegung der Breite und der Länge der Gussplatinen, die bereits beim Gießvorgang Maße nahe ihren Endmaßen erhalten. Alternativ wird das gegossene Halbzeug mittels verschiedener mechanischer Verfahren zum Erhalt der gewünschten Endabmessungen hin bearbeitet. In an advantageous embodiment of the strip casting is provided that the conveyor belt is equipped with recesses for the formation of cast iron plates within the steel strip or with transverse projections for the formation of predetermined breaking points within the steel strip. The strip caster may be associated with other equipment for the mechanical aftertreatment of cast by the conveyor belt casting plates. These are, for example, cutting devices for the exact definition of the width and the length of the cast blanks which already have dimensions close to their final dimensions during the casting process. Alternatively, the cast semi-finished product is processed by various mechanical methods to obtain the desired final dimensions.
Mit Vorteil lässt sich auch vorsehen, dass dem Transportband in Förderrichtung eine Trenn- oder Schneidvorrichtung zum Durchtrennen des Gussprodukts nachgeordnet ist. Advantageously, it can also be provided that a separating or cutting device for severing the cast product is arranged downstream of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung in Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. The invention will be explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1a, b eine schematische Seitenansicht und eine Draufsicht einer Anlage zum Bandgießen nach einer ersten Ausführungsform,1a, b is a schematic side view and a plan view of a plant for strip casting according to a first embodiment,
Fig. 2a, b eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines Transportbandes zum Gie- ßen von Gussplatinen und eine Draufsicht auf das Transportband, mit dem Gussplatinen mit verschiedenen Abmessungen nebeneinander gegossen werden, und FIGS. 2a, b show a side sectional view of a conveyor belt for pouring cast platelets and a plan view of the conveyor belt, with which cast platens of different dimensions are cast side by side, and
Fig. 3a - d Temperaturverläufe von mit einer Bandgießanlage gegossenen  Fig. 3a - d temperature curves of cast with a strip casting
Gussstücken als Funktionen der Zeit.  Castings as functions of time.
Eine Bandgießanlage 1 (Fig. 1a, b) zum Gießen eines Stahls mit einem Chromgehalt von mehr als 15 Gewichtsprozent umfasst ein Zuführsystem für flüssigen Stahl mit einem Ofen 2 und einem Tundish oder einer Gießpfanne 3 zum Be- vorraten oder Konfektionieren einer bestimmten Menge flüssigen Stahls, der über eine Auslassdüse 4 auf ein endloses, vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus Stahl bestehendes Transportband 5 mit einer Kühlvorrichtung 6 aufgebracht wird, wobei die Kühlvorrichtung 6 beispielsweise ein Becken 13 mit einer Kühlflüssigkeit umfasst, durch das das Transportband 5 auf seiner Unterseite hindurchgeführt wird. A strip caster 1 (Figures 1a, b) for casting a steel having a chromium content of more than 15% by weight comprises a liquid steel supply system having a furnace 2 and a tundish or ladle 3 for stocking or making up a certain amount of liquid steel which is applied via an outlet nozzle 4 to an endless, preferably also made of steel conveyor belt 5 with a cooling device 6, wherein the cooling device 6 comprises, for example, a tank 13 with a cooling liquid, through which the conveyor belt 5 is passed on its underside.
Die Auslassdüse 4 hat eine Breite, die der Breite einer auf dem umlaufenden Transportband 5 zu gießenden Gussplatine 7 entspricht. Das Transportband 5 wird angetrieben und geführt über zwei jeweils mit einem eigenen Antrieb 8, 9 ausgestattete Umlenkrollen 10, 11. The outlet nozzle 4 has a width which corresponds to the width of a casting plate 7 to be cast on the revolving conveyor belt 5. The conveyor belt 5 is driven and guided by two deflection rollers 10, 11 each equipped with its own drive 8, 9.
Vorzugsweise sind an den beiden Bandschmalseiten des Transportbandes 5 mit diesem mitlaufende formgebende Segmente 12 vorgesehen, die einander überlappend oder dicht aneinander anschließend angeordnet sind, um ein Auslaufen des flüssigen Stahls zu verhindern. Der Abstand der Segmente 12 ist entweder durch die Breite des Transportbandes 5 vorgegeben oder entsprechend der gewünschten Breite der zu gießenden Platine 7 einstellbar. Zur Küh- lung durchläuft das Transportband 5 zusammen mit den Segmenten 12 den Behälter 13 der Kühlvorrichtung 6, die überdies noch weitere Einrichtungen zur Kühlung der Platine 7 umfassen kann. Beispielsweise lassen sich die beiden Umlenkrollen 10, 11 jeweils von einer Kühlflüssigkeit durchströmen. Auch unterhalb des auf der Oberseite der Bandgießanlage 1 laufenden Bandbereichs des Transportbandes 5 umfasst die Anlage 1 beispielsweise eine Spritzkühlvorrichtung 14, die das Transportband 5 von der Unterseite mit einer Kühlflüssigkeit besprüht. Auf diese Weise lässt sich eine Platine 7 gießen, deren Länge in etwa der Länge der Anlage 1 entspricht oder noch über deren Länge hinausgeht. Die Gußplatine 7 hat entweder bereits die durch eine Festlegung der Menge des flüssigen Stahls in dem Tundish entstandene gewünschte Länge, oder sie wird mittels einer Schneid- oder Brecheinrichtung 15 nach dem Verlassen des Transportbandes 5 getrennt und einem Halbzeuglager 16 zugeführt. Von dort wird sie für eine weitere Behandlung, beispielsweise Fräsen, Bohren, Glühen oder weiteres Schneiden oder andere zerspanende Verfahren, zu den entsprechenden Vorrichtungen und Geräten weitergeleitet. Da die Platine 7 be- reits die gewünschte Dicke aufweist, braucht sie keinen Walzvorgang als ther- momechanischen Behandlungsprozess zu durchlaufen. Jedoch lässt sich gegebenenfalls in Abhängigkeit von den gewünschten Werkstoffeigenschaften auch ein Walzprozess als Behandlungsschritt an den Gießvorgang, entweder unmittelbar nach diesem oder nach dem Abkühlen der Gussstücke, vorsehen. Preferably, at the two narrow narrow sides of the conveyor belt 5 with this follower forming segments 12 are provided, which are arranged overlapping each other or close to each other to prevent leakage of the liquid steel. The distance between the segments 12 is either predetermined by the width of the conveyor belt 5 or adjustable according to the desired width of the board to be cast 7. For cooling, the conveyor belt 5, together with the segments 12, passes through the container 13 of the cooling device 6, which may also comprise further devices for cooling the circuit board 7. For example, the two deflection rollers 10, 11 can each flow through a cooling liquid. Also below the running on the top of the strip casting line 1 belt area of the conveyor belt 5, the system 1, for example, a spray cooling device 14, which sprays the conveyor belt 5 from the bottom with a cooling liquid. In this way, a board 7 pour, the length of which corresponds approximately to the length of the system 1 or beyond its length. The casting board 7 either already has the desired length resulting from a determination of the amount of liquid steel in the tundish, or it is separated by means of a cutting or crushing device 15 after leaving the conveyor belt 5 and fed to a semi-finished stock 16. From there, it is forwarded for further treatment, for example milling, drilling, annealing or further cutting or other machining processes, to the corresponding devices and devices. Since the board 7 already having the desired thickness, it does not need to undergo a rolling process as a thermomechanical treatment process. However, depending on the desired material properties, a rolling process may also be provided as a treatment step to the casting process, either immediately after this or after the castings have cooled.
Alternativ zu der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsform einer Bandgießanlage weist ein Transportband 17 (Fig. 2a, b) in einer weiteren Bandgießanlage 18 eine Vielzahl von Vertiefungen 19 auf, deren Maße nahe den Endabmessungen der in ihnen zu gießender Gussstücke liegen. Die Vertiefungen 19 sind entwe- der nur hintereinander oder je nach Breite des Transportbandes 17 zusätzlich auch nebeneinander angeordnet. Dabei können die Maße der nebeneinander angeordneten Vertiefungen 19 verschiedene Maße aufweisen. Entsprechend der Anzahl der Reihen von nebeneinander auf dem Transportband 17 angebrachten Vertiefungen 19 ist auch eine Mehrzahl von Auslassdüsen 20 mit dar- an angepasster Breite vorgesehen. Nach dem Verlassen des Transportbandes 17 werden die in diesem gegossenen Gussstücke, wie in Fig. 1 b dargestellt, einem Halbzeuglager 16 zugeführt. As an alternative to the embodiment of a strip caster described above, a conveyor belt 17 (FIGS. 2 a, b) has a plurality of depressions 19 in a further strip casting installation 18 whose dimensions are close to the final dimensions of the castings to be cast in them. The recesses 19 are either only one after the other or depending on the width of the conveyor belt 17 additionally arranged side by side. The dimensions of the adjacent recesses 19 may have different dimensions. Corresponding to the number of rows of depressions 19 mounted next to one another on the conveyor belt 17, a plurality of outlet nozzles 20 having a width adapted thereto are also provided. After leaving the conveyor belt 17 castings cast in this, as shown in Fig. 1 b, a semi-finished stock 16 are supplied.
Durch das Bandgießen lassen sich Gussstücke verschiedenster Dicken herstel- len; üblicherweise beträgt die Gießdicke zwischen 8 und 25 mm, vorzugsweise 15 mm. Typische Anwendungen des hochlegierten Werkstoffs sind Lagerhülsen, die beispielsweise die Abmessungen 13 mm (Dicke) x 120 mm (Länge) haben und durch spanende Bearbeitung aus Gussstücken, beispielsweise mit der Dicke 15 mm und derselben Breite, auf einer Drehbank hergestellt werden, wobei die hohlzylindrische Form durch Ausbohren des Kerns erzeugt wird. Auch sämtliche andere Formen werden durch spanendes Abtragen oberflächlichen Materials der Gussstücke gewonnen. Casting can be used to produce castings of various thicknesses; Usually, the casting thickness is between 8 and 25 mm, preferably 15 mm. Typical applications of the high-alloy material are bearing sleeves, for example, the dimensions of 13 mm (thickness) x 120 mm (length) and are made by machining of castings, for example, with the thickness 15 mm and the same width on a lathe, wherein the hollow cylindrical Form is produced by drilling out of the core. All other forms are obtained by machining superficial material of the castings.
In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt die Gussteilgeometrie 15 mm (Breite) x 125 mm (Länge); daraus ergibt sich durch mechanische, insbesonde- re spanende, Bearbeitung eine Bauteilgeometrie von 12,7 mm (Breite) x 120 mm (Länge). In another embodiment, the casting geometry is 15 mm (width) x 125 mm (length); this results from mechanical, in particular Machining, machining a component geometry of 12.7 mm (width) x 120 mm (length).
Neben dem Chromgehalt des Stahls enthält dieser vorzugsweise auch Kohlenstoff von mehr als 1 Gewichtsprozent und/oder Silicium von mehr als 2 Ge- wichtsprozent. Das Eigenschaftsprofil der mit der Bandgießanlage 1 oder 18 zu gießenden Gussstücke umfasst eine gute Hochtemperaturbeständigkeit in Verbindung mit einer guten Verschleißfestigkeit. Die Rockwell-Härte (HRC) beträgt 33 bis 38 bei einer Zugfestigkeit von etwa 1000 MPa. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise hat die verfahrenstypisch rasche Abkühlung positive Auswirkungen auf das Gefüge der Gussstücke. Die Korngröße wird reduziert, und Ausscheidungen, wie beispielsweise Karbide, liegen aufgrund der behinderten Diffusion feindispers in der Matrix vor. Hieraus resultieren vorteilhafte mechanische Eigenschaften. In addition to the chromium content of the steel, this preferably also contains carbon of more than 1 percent by weight and / or silicon of more than 2 percent by weight. The property profile of the castings to be cast with the strip caster 1 or 18 includes good high temperature resistance combined with good wear resistance. The Rockwell hardness (HRC) is 33 to 38 at a tensile strength of about 1000 MPa. In the procedure according to the invention, the process-typical rapid cooling has positive effects on the microstructure of the castings. Grain size is reduced and precipitates, such as carbides, are finely dispersed in the matrix due to the impeded diffusion. This results in advantageous mechanical properties.
Gemäß der Erfindung bestehen verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Temperaturführung zur Abkühlung der Gussstücke (Fig. 3a - d). Gemäß einer ersten Vorgehensweise (Fig. 3a) wird die Temperatur der Gussprodukte zunächst für eine vorgegebene Zeit gehalten und sodann mit einer definierten Abkühlrate abge- kühlt (Kurve 21 ). Alternativ kann nach einem längerem Zeitraum, während dessen die Temperatur gehalten wird, auch eine Erwärmungsphase folgen (Kurve 22). In diesem Fall werden die Gussstücke erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt abgekühlt. Nach einem zweiten Verfahren werden die Gussprodukte unmittelbar nach dem Gießen auf eine definierte Temperatur erwärmt (Fig. 3b) und erst dann über einen ebenfalls festgelegten Zeitraum mit einer vorgegebenen Kühlrate abgekühlt. Gemäß einer anderen Vorgehensweise werden die Gussstücke direkt durch Abschrecken rasch abgekühlt (Fig. 3c) und anschließend einer kontrollierten Temperaturführung über der Zeit unterworfen, soweit sie durch den Abschreckvorgang noch nicht die Umgebungstemperatur angenommen haben. According to the invention, various possibilities of temperature control for cooling the castings (Fig. 3a - d). According to a first procedure (FIG. 3 a), the temperature of the cast products is initially held for a predetermined time and then cooled off at a defined cooling rate (curve 21). Alternatively, after a prolonged period of time during which the temperature is maintained, a heating phase may also follow (curve 22). In this case, the castings are not cooled until later. According to a second method, the cast products are heated to a defined temperature immediately after casting (FIG. 3b) and only then cooled for a predetermined period of time at a predetermined cooling rate. According to another approach, the castings are directly through Quenching rapidly cooled (Figure 3c) and then subjected to a controlled temperature control over time, as far as they have not yet assumed the ambient temperature by the quenching process.
In einer weiteren Vorgehensweise (Fig. 3d) werden die Gussstücke mit wech- selnden Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten auf die Umgebungstemperatur abgekühlt. In a further procedure (FIG. 3d), the castings are cooled to the ambient temperature with changing cooling rates.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Bandgießanlage 1 strip casting plant
2 Ofen  2 oven
3 Gießpfanne  3 ladle
4 Auslassdüse  4 outlet nozzle
5 Transportband  5 conveyor belt
6 Kühlvorrichtung  6 cooling device
7 Gussplatine  7 casting board
8 Antrieb  8 drive
9 Antrieb  9 drive
10 Umlenkrolle  10 pulley
11 Umlenkrolle  11 pulley
12 Segmente  12 segments
13 Behälter  13 containers
14 Spritzkühlvorrichtung  14 spray cooling device
15 Schneid- oder Brecheinrichtung 15 cutting or crushing device
16 Halbzeuglager 16 semi-finished products
17 Transportband  17 conveyor belt
18 Bandgießanlage  18 strip casting plant
19 Vertiefungen  19 wells
20 Auslassdüsen  20 outlet nozzles
21 Kurve  21 curve
22 Kurve  22 curve

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Gießen eines Stahls mit einem Chromgehalt von mehr als 15 Gewichtsprozent, insbesondere von mehr als 33 Gewichtsprozent, 1. A method for casting a steel having a chromium content of more than 15% by weight, in particular more than 33% by weight,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Stahl in einer horizontalen Bandgießanlage (1 , 18) gegossen wird.  that the steel is cast in a horizontal strip casting line (1, 18).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , 2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Stahl mit einem Kohlenstoffanteil von mehr als 1 Gewichtsprozent gegossen wird.  that the steel is poured with a carbon content of more than 1 percent by weight.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der Stahl mit einem Siliciumanteil von mehr als 2 Gewichtsprozent gegossen wird.  that the steel is poured with a silicon content of more than 2 percent by weight.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das gegossene Stahlband oder durch Gießen entstandene Gussplatinen (7, 19) geschnitten, gefräst, gebohrt oder geglüht wird bzw. werden.  the cast steel strip or casting plates (7, 19) produced by casting are cut, milled, drilled or annealed.
5. Horizontale Bandgießanlage zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. Horizontal strip casting plant for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass sie einen Schmelzofen (2), eine Gießpfanne (3) und ein Trans- portband (5, 17) zur Aufnahme und zum Abkühlen eines aus der Gießpfanne (3) herausfließenden flüssigen Stahls umfasst. that they have a melting furnace (2), a ladle (3) and a trans- Portband (5, 17) for receiving and cooling of a pouring from the ladle (3) flowing out liquid steel comprises.
Bandgießanlage nach Anspruch 5, Strip casting plant according to claim 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass das Transportband (7, 17) mit Vertiefungen zur Ausbildung von Gussplatinen (7, 19) innerhalb des Stahlbandes oder mit quer verlaufenden Vorsprüngen zur Ausbildung von Sollbruchstellen innerhalb des Stahlbandes ausgestattet ist. Bandgießanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, in that the conveyor belt (7, 17) is provided with recesses for the formation of cast blanks (7, 19) within the steel strip or with transverse protrusions for the formation of predetermined breaking points within the steel strip. Strip casting plant according to one of claims 5 or 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass Zerspannungsvorrichtungen zur Festlegung der Breite und der Länge der Gussplatinen (7, 19) vorhanden sind. in that tensioning devices are provided for determining the width and the length of the casting plates (7, 19).
Bandgießanlage nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, Strip casting plant according to claim 5 or 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass dem Transportband (5) in Förderrichtung eine Trenn- oder Schneidvorrichtung (15) zum Durchtrennen des Stahlbandes nachgeordnet ist. in that a separating or cutting device (15) for severing the steel strip is arranged downstream of the conveyor belt (5) in the conveying direction.
EP10765755.3A 2009-10-02 2010-10-01 Method for strip casting steel and system for strip casting Active EP2483014B1 (en)

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DE102009048165A DE102009048165A1 (en) 2009-10-02 2009-10-02 Method for strip casting of steel and plant for strip casting
PCT/EP2010/005995 WO2011038925A1 (en) 2009-10-02 2010-10-01 Method for strip casting steel and system for strip casting

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CN110576159A (en) * 2019-10-29 2019-12-17 禹州市昆仑模具股份有限公司 Annular casting line
CN111534707A (en) * 2020-04-07 2020-08-14 浙江顺虎铝业有限公司 Integrated production equipment for high-precision wear-resistant aluminum alloy material

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CN102574201A (en) 2012-07-11
EP2483014B1 (en) 2017-08-16
RU2012117180A (en) 2013-11-10
TWI576181B (en) 2017-04-01
US20120325425A1 (en) 2012-12-27

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