EP2467325B1 - Masts with a whole lifting height. - Google Patents

Masts with a whole lifting height. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2467325B1
EP2467325B1 EP10747961.0A EP10747961A EP2467325B1 EP 2467325 B1 EP2467325 B1 EP 2467325B1 EP 10747961 A EP10747961 A EP 10747961A EP 2467325 B1 EP2467325 B1 EP 2467325B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
mobile frame
hydraulic
stationary
cylinders
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10747961.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2467325A1 (en
Inventor
Paolo Varvara
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP2467325A1 publication Critical patent/EP2467325A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2467325B1 publication Critical patent/EP2467325B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/08—Masts; Guides; Chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems

Definitions

  • the invention concerns telescopic lift mast assemblies for fork lift trucks able to perform a full free lift of the load, i.e. the lift of the load without the overall length of mast increases, and then a second lift of the load during which the mast assembly expands longitudinally.
  • the mast assemblies operates by means of hydraulic cylinders.
  • Fork lift trucks use various types of telescoping lift masts, hydraulically operated, among which some perform a first lift of the load, usually positioned on a pair of forks, without any increment of the overall mast length, i.e. without the mast expansion.
  • This is obtained by means of the so-called “full free lift masts” which usually comprise a stationary frame fixed to the fork lift truck chassis and one or two mobile frames, the “inner” and the “intermediate”, sliding one into the other.
  • full free lift masts for lift trucks comprise three hydraulic cylinders: one shorter, almost half of the length of the others two, deputed to the full free lifting and arranged in the middle of the mast assembly, and two cylinders arranged adjacent to the outer sides or rear of the mast assembly, deputed to the second lifting stage.
  • the forward visibility through a full free lift mast is limited because of the presence of the cylinder, or the two cylinders, within the mast assembly.
  • said documents FR 1325390 A and US 3805681 A also disclose that said mast is operated by means of a single hydraulic two-step cylinder mounted in the middle of said mast; that the inner tubular rod of said single two-step cylinder is supported down on the outer frame; that the intermediate tube of said single two-step cylinder has radial holes for oil passage, sliding on the rod; that said single two-step cylinder has a stop collar; that said single two-step cylinder has an annular piston fixed to the outer surface of the intermediate tube; and that said single two-step cylinder has an outer tube, sliding on the intermediate tube, of such a length that its stroke is capable, by means of said lifting device, of raising completely the fork carriage along the inner frame.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide full free lift masts for fork lift trucks, with either one or two sliding frames, which are able to operate by means of only a pair of hydraulic two-step cylinders, arranged adjacent the outer sides or rear of the mast assembly, consequently obtaining an improved forward visibility with regard to the prior art.
  • the device according to the aim of the invention relates to a lift mast assembly comprising two or three frames, one of which fixed to the fork lift truck chassis and one sliding frame or two sliding frames, a pair of hydraulic two-step cylinders wich are able, by means of a transmission device comprising chains and pulleys, to transmit the motion to the mobile parts of the mast assembly in such a way to perform a first lifting of the fork carriage without any increment of the overall mast length, that is the full free lift, and then a second lifting of the fork carriage up to the maximum lifting heigth, during which the mobile frame slides in the fixed one, or the two mobile frames slide reciprocally, respectively if two or three frames are comprised in the mast assembly.
  • hydraulic two-step cylinders according to the present invention doesn't need any flexible pipes and any pertinent guide pulleys to be fed by hydraulic oil, because their inlet ports are stationary during all lifting stages.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section through the hydraulic two-step cylinder 1 in its neutral position.
  • the cylinder assembly 1 operates as two hydraulic cylinders.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 1 comprises an outer mobile tube 2 whose length is about half that of the cylinder assembly 1.
  • a bottom threaded cap 3 and an upper welded cap 5 are fixed to the ends of the outer tube 2. Both caps are axially drilled and have peripheral sealing gaskets 4.
  • An intermediate mobile tube 6 is mounted inside the tube 2, which is characterized by two different wall thicknesses 7 and 8 in order to differentiate the longitudinal hydraulic thrusts in the two sliding directions because of the cylinder 1 is an "immersion" type cylinder, that is the annular chambers above and below the piston 9 are communicating one with the other.
  • the intermediate tube 6 has a welded cap 13 at the upper end, provided with a radial hole and a screw 14 for air purge, and has at the other end a threaded cap 10 provided with sealing gaskets 11.
  • a stop collar 12 is housed inside of the intermediate tube 6.
  • the piston 9 is welded to the outer surface of the tube 6.
  • the piston 9 has an inner circular hollow 15 and some longitudinal slots 16 on the periphery, through which and through the radial holes 17, provided on the wall of the tube 6, pressurized oil can flow into the upper and lower annular chambers, delimited by the tubes 2 and 6 and separated by the piston 9.
  • the outer tube 2 and the intermediate tube 6 establish an "immersion" type hydraulic cylinder, that is the two chambers separated by the piston 9 are in fluid communication and therefore the piston 9 hasn't any sealing gaskets.
  • the piston-rod 18 is the stationary component of the hydraulic two-step cylinder 1.
  • the piston 19 is drilled axially and has some radial holes 21 which allow the oil passage from inside the tubular rod 18 towards the annular chamber delimited by the rod 18 and tube 6.
  • the inner hydraulic cylinder comprising the tube 6, the rod 18 and the piston 19 is an "immersion" type cylinder, i.e. without gaskets on the piston 19, hence the upper and lower chambers are in fluid communication.
  • the piston 19 mounts externally the guide collar 20 and internally the hollow valve 24 on which acts the spring 23.
  • the valve 24 has radial orifices 25 and has the function of reducing the rate of speed of the tube 6 in the last lowering sector.
  • the valve 24 is completely retracted because of the contact pressure of the cap 13 when the tube 6 is closed upon the piston 19.
  • the tubular rod 18 ends with an axially drilled cap 22.
  • the cap 22 is threaded externally for the inlet/outlet oil pipe connection and internally for housing a safety valve, not shown in Fig. 1 , which prevents an accelerated movement of the pressurized oil inside the hydraulic cylinder 1 in case of rupture of the pipe connected to the cap 22.
  • the cylinder 1 operates like a pair of hydraulic cylinders, an inner and an outer cylinder.
  • the outer hydraulic cylinder comprises the tube 2, tube 6 and piston 9 fixed to the tube 6.
  • the inner hydraulic cylinder comprises the tube 6, the tubular rod 18 and the piston 19 fixed to the rod 18.
  • Fig. 2 represents a partial longitudinal section through the hydraulic two-step cylinder 1 when it has completed the first stroke, the first step, due to the oil pressure provided by a hydraulic pump, shown in dashed lines.
  • the outer tube 2 is at the end of the stroke because the lower cap 3, stationary to the outer tube 2, is stopped by the contact with the piston 9 of the intermediate tube 6.
  • Pressurized oil enters from the lower cap 22, passes through the tubular rod 18, the holes 21 of piston 19, fills the annular chamber between the rod 18 and the tube 6, passes through the radial holes 17 and the hollows 15, 16 of the piston 9 and reaches the outer cylinder.
  • the oil pressure moves upward the outer tube 2.
  • Fig. 3 finally, represents cylinder assembly 1 at the end of second stage, during which the intermediate tube 6 slides on the tubular rod 18.
  • the outer tube 2 and the intermediate tube 6 move together upwards.
  • the cylinder 1 has reached its maximum extension as the stop collar 12 is in contact with the lower annular surface of the piston 19.
  • dashed lines which is at atmospheric pressure
  • the reverse sequence of lowering is obtained, so that the intermediate tube 6 moves downward, sliding on the rod 18, and also drags the outer tube 2 without relative movement.
  • the outer tube 2 begins to slide downward along the tube 6 until the cylinder assembly 1 returns to the neutral condition shown in Fig.1 .
  • Fig. 4 shows the two-step cylinder 1 in the last sector of the lowering stroke of the intermediate tube 6, when the braking valve 24 begins to close.
  • the upper cap 13 comes in contact with the valve 24 that begins to close and compress the spring 23.
  • the oil in the shrinking chamber 26 cannot flow further through the uppermost opening of the hollow valve 24, but is forced to flow through the calibrated holes 25 of valve 24 and also could leak along the guide collar 20 of the piston 19, that, as stated, hasn't any gaskets. In this way, the damping effect, created by this hydraulic constriction, is braking the intermediate tube 6 in the last sector of its lowering stroke.
  • Figs. 5A-B-C show a variant of the hydraulic two-step cylinder assembly, as the outer tube 52 runs in the opposite direction to that of the intermediate tube 56.
  • Fig. 5A represents the two-step cylinder assembly 51 partially sectioned longitudinally in its neutral state.
  • the hydraulic two-step cylinder 51 is arranged so that the first stage of the outer tube 52 runs downwards, in the opposite direction to the outer tube 2 of previous cylinder assembly 1 of Fig. 1 .
  • the inner tubular rod of hydraulic cylinder 51 remains identical to the rod 18 of cylinder 1. Instead, the axially drilled caps of the outer tube 52 are reversed compared to those of the cylinder assembly 1 in Fig. 1 , i.e. the cap 3 is screwed at the top and the cap 5 is welded at the bottom, as shown in Fig. 5A .
  • Fig. 5B and Fig. 5C show the front view of the cylinder 51 at the end of each stage.
  • Fig. 5B represents the cylinder assembly 51 when the outer tube 52 has completed its downward stroke
  • Fig. 5C represents the cylinder 51 at the end of the second stage during which the intermediate tube 56 moves up to its uppermost position and drags simultaneously the outer tube 52.
  • the outer hydraulic cylinder comprising the intermediate tube 56, the piston 54 and the outer tube 52 is an "immersion" hydraulic cylinder, i.e. without sealing gaskets arranged on the piston 54: this is not a restrictive condition of the present invention, because both two-step cylinder assemblies 1 and 51 can be arranged to carry out hydraulic cylinders of sealed type, as it will be described below.
  • Fig. 6 represents a partial longitudinal section through the hydraulic two-step cylinder 61 in its neutral state.
  • the cylinder assembly 61 is the "sealed" version of the cylinder 1 in Fig. 1 , i.e. the outer piston 69 is arranged with the sealing gasket 65 on the annular boundary with the inner surface of the outer tube 62.
  • the differences between the "sealed" cylinder assembly 61 with the “immersion” cylinder assembly 1 are:
  • a first illustrative embodiment of the present invention is a full free lift mast 70 comprising a fork carriage sliding in a mobile frame which is also sliding in a stationary outer frame.
  • the fork carriage of mast assembly moves longitudinally by means of a pair of hydraulic two-step cylinders 1 shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Figs. 7A-B-C are schematized side views representing the lifting sequence of the full free lift mast 70. Respectively, in neutral position Fig. 7A , at the end of the full free lift Fig. 7B , first step, and at the end of the second lifting stroke Fig. 7C , second step.
  • Figs. 7A-B-C the tubular rod 18 of the cylinder assembly 1 rests on the stationary outer frame 71 at the bottom.
  • the upper cap 13 of the intermediate tube 6 is fastened, in both longitudinal directions, to the upper tie-bar 79 of the mobile frame 72 in order to prevent reciprocal relative longitudinal motion.
  • the outer tube 2 of the cylinder 1 is joined with the pulley 73.
  • the pressurized fluid supplied through the cylinder inlet, i.e. the lower drilled cap 22, performs the first lifting stage, i.e. the full free lift, Fig.
  • FIG. 11 shows the front view of the full free lift mast 70, comprising an inner mobile frame 72 and a fixed outer frame 71, that operates according the above drawings of Figs. 7A-B-C .
  • the two pulleys 73 are stationary to the the outer tubes 2 of the two-step cylinder assemblies 1 by means of the brackets 77 of the tie-bar 78.
  • Figs. 8A-B-C are schematized side views representing the lifting sequence of the full free lift mast 80 comprising two mobile frames 82, 83 and an outer stationary frame 81.
  • a pair of hydraulic two-step cylinders 51 in Fig. 5 are used, so that the first stroke is in the opposite longitudinal direction to the second stroke, as stated above and illustrated in Figs. 5A-B-C .
  • the schematized mast assembly 80 is shown in its neutral position, Fig. 8A , at the end of the first stage, the full free lift, Fig. 8B , and at the end of the second stage Fig. 8C , i.e. at the maximum elevation.
  • the tubular rod 18 of the cylinder assembly 51 rests on the stationary outer frame 81 at the bottom; instead at the top, the intermediate mobile tube 56 of the cylinder assembly 51 is secured longitudinally to the upper tie-bar 99 of the intermediate mobile frame 82.
  • the chain 86 is anchored at one end to the stationary outer frame 81 and at the other end to the fork carriage 87.
  • the chain 86 is guided by the pulley 84 that is stationary to the mobile tube 52 and by the pulley 85 that is stationary to the inner mobile frame 83.
  • Pressurized fluid supplied by a hydraulic pump through the cylinder inlet, Fig. 8B performs the first lifting stage that moves downward the outer tube 52 and the pulley 84 that, by means of the chain 86 and of the pulley 85, lifts the fork carriage 87 with the forks.
  • the fork carriage moves upward at a 2:1 ratio relative to the downward movement of the tube 52 and of the pulley 84.
  • Fig. 8C shows the mast assembly 80 when it has completed the second lifting stage.
  • the intermediate tube 56 of cylinder assembly 51 moves upward along the rod 18 and drags, at its same speed, the outer tube 52, the pulley 84 and the intermediate mobile frame 82.
  • the pulley 88 stationary to the intermediate frame 82, and by means of the chain 89, anchored at one end to the stationary outer frame 81 and at the other end to the inner mobile frame 83
  • the upward movement is transmitted to the inner mobile frame 83 at a 2:1 ratio relative to movement of the intermediate mobile frame 82 and of the intermediate tube 56.
  • the fork carriage 87 moves upward together with the inner mobile frame 83, without relative movement, by means of the chain 86.
  • Fig. 12 is an embodiment that refers to the functional scheme of drawings in Figs. 8A-B-C and shows the rear view of the full free lift mast 80 for lift truck.
  • Fig. 12 is an illustrative example that doesn't want to restrict the practical applications according to the functional scheme in Fig. 8A-B-C .
  • Figs. 9A-B-C represent the schematized side view of a full free lift mast 90.
  • this mast comprises two mobile frames 82, 83 and one stationary frame 81.
  • a hydraulic two-step cylinder assembly 1 of the type in Fig. 1 is shown, i.e. the two strokes of the two-step cylinder 1 are in the same longitudinal direction.
  • the mast is schematically depicted in its neutral state in Fig. 9A , at the end of the first lifting stage, the full free lift, in Fig. 9B , and at the end of second lifting stage, i.e. at the maximum expansion of the mast, in Fig. 9C .
  • the transmission of movements from the moving parts of the cylinder 1, i.e. the outer tube 2 and the intermediate tube 6, to the moving parts of the mast assembly, i.e. the fork carriage 87, the intermediate frame 82 and the inner frame 83, is provided by a pair of chains 91 which are guided by three pairs of pulleys 92, 93 and 94.
  • the tubular rod 18 of cylinder 1 rests at the bottom on stationary frame 81, while at the top the intermediate tube 6 of the cylinder 1 is joined to upper tie-bar 99 of the intermediate mobile frame 82.
  • the chain 91 is anchored to the stationary frame 81 at one end and to the fork carriage 87 at the other end.
  • the chain 91 is guided by means of the pulley 92, which is stationary to the outer tube 2 of the cylinder 1, and by means of pulleys 93 and 94, which are stationary to the inner mobile frame 83.
  • the fork carriage 87 By means of a bracket 95, or an equivalent device, fastened to the upper end of the inner mobile frame 83, the fork carriage 87 is able to engage and drag the inner mobile frame 83.
  • the outer tube 2 and pulley 92 move upward and lift the fork carriage 87 by means of the chain 91 and the pulleys 93 and 94, Fig. 9B .
  • the upward motion of the fork carriage 87 is at a 2:1 ratio relative to movement of the outer tube 2 and of the pulley 92.
  • the fork carriage 87 comes in contact with the bracket 95 stationary to the inner mobile frame 83.
  • Fig. 9C shows the mast assembly 90 has completed also the second stage of lifting, during the which the intermediate tube 6 of the cylinder 1 moves upward, sliding on the stationary rod 18, and drags the outer tube 2, the pulley 92 and the intermediate frame 82.
  • the chain 91 pulls upward the fork carriage 87 which-being in contact with the bracket 95, drags the inner frame 83.
  • the fork carriage 87 and the inner frame 83 move at a 2:1 ratio relative to the movement of the intermediate tube 6 and of the intermediate frame 82.
  • FIG. 10A-B-C Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a full free lift mast (100) in Figs 10A-B-C , comprising a single mobile frame as in the case shown in Figs. 7A-B-C , characterized by a pair of hydraulic cylinders 51 shown in Fig. 5 , i.e. two-step cylinders wherein the strokes of first and second stage are in the opposite directions.
  • Figs. 10A-B-C represent the functional sequence of a full free lift mast 100 comprising a single mobile frame 72: respectively, Fig. 10A shows the mast assembly 100 in its neutral state, Fig. 10B shows the mast 100 at the end of first stage, the full free lift, and Fig. 10C shows the mast 100 at the end of the second stage, at the maximum extension.
  • the tubular rod 18 of the cylinder 51 rests at the bottom on the stationary frame 71, while, at the top, the intermediate tube 56 of the cylinder 51 is joined to the upper tie-bar 79 of the mobile frame 72.
  • the outer tube 52 of the cylinder 51 is stationary to the pulley 103.
  • the pulley 102 is fixed to the mobile frame 72.
  • the chain 101 is anchored to the fork carriage 75, at one end, and to the mobile frame 72, at the other end.
  • Fig. 10C represents the full free lift mast assembly 100 at its maximum elevation, i.e. at the end of second stage.
  • the movement of fork carriage 75 during second stage is at a 1:1 ratio relative to the movement of the intermediate tube 56.
  • a full free lift mast comprising a single mobile frame that operates by means of a pair of two-step cylinders 51 positioned adjacent the outer sides or rear of the mast assembly, according to improving visibility, the aim of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
EP10747961.0A 2009-08-17 2010-07-27 Masts with a whole lifting height. Not-in-force EP2467325B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMT2009A000003A IT1395186B1 (it) 2009-08-17 2009-08-17 Sollevatori a grande alzata libera
PCT/IT2010/000335 WO2011021231A1 (en) 2009-08-17 2010-07-27 Masts with a whole lifting height

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2467325A1 EP2467325A1 (en) 2012-06-27
EP2467325B1 true EP2467325B1 (en) 2014-09-10

Family

ID=42046135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10747961.0A Not-in-force EP2467325B1 (en) 2009-08-17 2010-07-27 Masts with a whole lifting height.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2467325B1 (it)
IT (1) IT1395186B1 (it)
WO (1) WO2011021231A1 (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110143538A (zh) * 2018-02-11 2019-08-20 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 一种多级举升机构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1408595B1 (it) 2010-06-14 2014-06-27 Varvara Sollevatori a grande alzata libera a visibilita' migliorata

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2505009A (en) * 1948-12-16 1950-04-25 Yale & Towne Mfg Co Lift truck
US2670811A (en) * 1949-01-17 1954-03-02 Towmotor Corp Multicylinder hydraulic lift truck
US3072219A (en) * 1955-10-31 1963-01-08 Hyster Co Free lift cylinder
FR1325390A (fr) * 1962-06-14 1963-04-26 Lansing Bagnall Ltd Chariot à palette montante sur potence triplement télescopique
JPS5326385B2 (it) * 1972-07-25 1978-08-02
US3805681A (en) * 1972-11-22 1974-04-23 Towmotor Corp Lift cylinder assembly for lift truck mast and carriage
DE102004042772A1 (de) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Linde Ag Arbeitsmaschine, insbesondere Flurförderzeug

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110143538A (zh) * 2018-02-11 2019-08-20 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 一种多级举升机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2467325A1 (en) 2012-06-27
ITMT20090003A1 (it) 2011-02-18
IT1395186B1 (it) 2012-09-05
WO2011021231A1 (en) 2011-02-24

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