EP2467226A1 - Presses de précision et frittage de plaquettes, en particulier de plaquettes amovibles - Google Patents

Presses de précision et frittage de plaquettes, en particulier de plaquettes amovibles

Info

Publication number
EP2467226A1
EP2467226A1 EP10736672A EP10736672A EP2467226A1 EP 2467226 A1 EP2467226 A1 EP 2467226A1 EP 10736672 A EP10736672 A EP 10736672A EP 10736672 A EP10736672 A EP 10736672A EP 2467226 A1 EP2467226 A1 EP 2467226A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sintering
cutting
blank
insert
side surfaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10736672A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Bitterlich
Michael Fripan
Kilian Friederich
Wolfgang KRÜMMEL
Ulrich Mowlai
Andreas Schlagenhof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramtec GmbH
Original Assignee
Ceramtec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramtec GmbH filed Critical Ceramtec GmbH
Publication of EP2467226A1 publication Critical patent/EP2467226A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/18—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for removing burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/117—Composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/117—Composites
    • C04B35/119—Composites with zirconium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/597—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon oxynitride, e.g. SIALONS
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
    • B23B2226/18—Ceramic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10—Coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C04B2235/3856—Carbonitrides, e.g. titanium carbonitride, zirconium carbonitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
    • C04B2235/3886—Refractory metal nitrides, e.g. vanadium nitride, tungsten nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/604—Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/608—Green bodies or pre-forms with well-defined density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
    • C04B2235/767—Hexagonal symmetry, e.g. beta-Si3N4, beta-Sialon, alpha-SiC or hexa-ferrites
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ready-to-use produced by sintering a blank ceramic cutting plate having a top and bottom, each having a support surface for installation in a clamping holder of a cutting tool, with the top and bottom connecting side surfaces and cutting edges having chamfers to Machining of workpieces.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a ready insert according to the preamble of claim 1 so that a post-processing after sintering is at least partially avoided.
  • a method for producing the insert according to the invention is to be specified.
  • a preferred use will be presented.
  • the entire upper and lower sides consist of the sintering skin produced during sintering. Since the sintered skin often has a higher hardness than the base material, the wear resistance of the cutting material is thereby increased.
  • all chamfers preferably consist of the sintering skin produced during sintering.
  • An insert according to the invention thus preferably satisfies a dimensional accuracy according to M tolerance according to ISO 1382 and / or a dimensional accuracy according to G tolerance according to ISO 1382.
  • the top and / or bottom of the cutting plate may have a trough or a through hole connecting the top and bottom.
  • top and / or bottom and / or the side surfaces and / or the chamfers may be provided with a single or multi-layer coating.
  • the cutting plate preferably consists of one or more of the following ceramic cutting materials:
  • the cutting plate is an indexable insert.
  • An inventive method for producing a prepared by sintering a blank ceramic cutting plate having a top and bottom, each having a support surface for installation in a clamping holder of a cutting tool, with the top and bottom connecting side surfaces and cutting edges having a chamfer , for machining of workpieces is preferably characterized in that the blank of the insert brought by precision presses in the desired shape, then the blank is sintered and after sintering at least partial surfaces of the bearing surfaces of the top and / or bottom and / or bevel be subjected to any material-removing treatment.
  • the entire top and bottom and / or all chamfers and / or all side surfaces subjected to no material-removing treatment is pressed by the precision pressing of the blank a trough in the top and / or bottom or a connecting the top and bottom through hole.
  • One or more of the following ceramic cutting materials are preferably used for the production of the blank:
  • a preferred method step is characterized in that the ceramic cutting materials are mixed to a compressible mass, which have a high flowability and thus in particular a constant mold filling, wherein the pourability angle characterizing the flowability of the mass is less than or equal to 35 °, preferably less than or equal to 30 ° , More preferably equal less than 25 ° is set.
  • the burrs of the blank are removed without damaging the edges of the blank.
  • the different pressing and shrinkage behavior of different mass batches is taken into account, whereby the green density-shrinkage characteristic of each batch is determined by pressing and sintering tests and the necessary production green density is determined and this production green density is set when setting the presses as a target value for the green density of the blanks ,
  • the gas exchange between the furnace atmosphere and the interior of the crucible in which the blanks are sintered is minimized and only crucible materials are used which are inert, ie, in no way interacting with the blanks during sintering.
  • the cutting insert according to the invention is used for cutting metals, plastics, wood or composite materials.
  • the dimensions are achieved in compliance with the M and G tolerance according to ISO 1832 when manufacturing indexable inserts made of materials of high performance ceramics by precision pressing and direct sintering.
  • the inventive step is therefore to bring the blank of the insert, before sintering, by precise pressing (also called precision presses) in such a form that allows that after sintering little or no regrinding of the top and bottom and / or the side surfaces of the finished sintered cutting plate is more necessary.
  • the invention comprises a method for producing a cutting plate, in which the blank of the cutting plate is brought into the desired shape by precision pressing and then the blank is sintered, thereby forming the cutting plate. According to the invention after sintering no, in any case less loops longer required. In the blank at the same time preferably a trough is pressed, which makes it possible to clamp the cutting plate on a holder of a carrier tool.
  • the invention further describes an insert with a sinter skin on the top and / or bottom and / or side surface and / or bevel of the insert. Preferably, these surfaces or cover these surfaces, the entire top and bottom of the insert.
  • the invention also describes a ceramic cutting insert or indexable insert which satisfies a dimensional accuracy according to G tolerance according to ISO 1382 and whose surfaces consist of the sintered skin produced during sintering and therefore have not suffered any damage due to a material-removing treatment.
  • the invention provides the following improvements in the application:
  • the damage to the ceramic by grinding is avoided, i. lower susceptibility of the products to operations in terms of scraping and crumbling.
  • the wear resistance of the cutting material is further increased, which manifests itself in practice during machining by lower open space and notch wear.
  • WSP indexable insert
  • Predominantly pressed The outer contour of the insert is pressed and sintered with high precision; the height (also known as the part height) of the WSP continues to be ground, and the edge is chamfered.
  • the side surfaces are e.g. by grinding to the correct degree, whereby the dimensional accuracy of the G
  • a chamfer can also be made by pressing alone or by grinding. Ready-pressed: External contour and part height are adjusted to the exact size by pressing and sintering only; Cutting edge is beveled. (Fig. 1) Highest embodiment: The chamfer is also precisely adjusted by pressing and sintering.
  • the invention relates to all high-performance ceramics cutting materials, in particular:
  • ⁇ - / ß-SiAIONe with and without hard material reinforcement, uncoated and coated.
  • an ⁇ -gradient present in the material and the near-surface hardness gradient associated therewith are retained.
  • the pressing process is preferably set extremely accurately and with high reproducibility.
  • Pressable mass with preferably very high flowability and thus constant mold filling capacity is through the characterized so-called angle of repose.
  • angle of repose For the measurement, a defined amount of pressed granules is allowed to trickle evenly into a transparent container. Then, the bottom plate is opened a little way, so that part of the powder expires.
  • the flowability of the granules remaining in the container powder forms a more or less steep edge whose
  • Angle is measured as angle of repose.
  • the angle of repose should be less than or equal to 35 °, preferably less than or equal to 30 °, particularly preferably less than or equal to 25 °, for a good flowability.
  • the green density-shrinkage characteristic of each batch is determined by pressing and sintering tests and the required production green density is determined from this.
  • This manufacturing green density applies when setting the presses as the setpoint for the green density of the blanks.
  • Special furnace construction to avoid sintering distortion, density, shrinkage and color gradients.
  • the gas exchange between furnace atmosphere and Tiegelinnerem must be minimized.
  • Only crucible materials that are inert, ie in no way interact with the blanks during sintering may be used. These measures are necessary to achieve a homogeneous shrinkage of the blanks during sintering. If, on the other hand, interactions of the blanks with the furnace atmosphere or the crucible material take place, the shrinkage of the
  • a sintering delay occurs, the corners and edges of the marginal parts are usually affected.
  • a high concentration of carbon in the gas atmosphere is caused by e.g. new graphite materials of the crucible or furnace insulation to reduce the sintering additives necessary for compaction on the surface.
  • the shrinkage at the edge of the component is lower than in the center of the component, resulting in a distortion in the sintered component.
  • a recess is preferably introduced in the cutting plates, as described in WO 03/013770 A1.
  • the trough has a spherical or circular elevation in the middle.
  • the top of the survey is above the trough bottom and below the Schneidplatten- top.
  • a clamping claw with adapted molded nose form fit into the trough of the insert.
  • This trough is used for positive clamping on a carrier body.
  • this cutting plate with the special trough offers itself. For further description of this trough see the cited document.
  • the trough is formed as shown in the EP 1 536 903 B1.
  • a first clamping recess for clamping is introduced into the cutting tool and coaxially to the first clamping recess, a second clamping recess is arranged, wherein the first clamping recess are arranged lower than the second clamping recess and both lower than the cutting plate top.
  • a clamping claw of the tool rests on the second clamping recess and, for example, engages with a nose in the first clamping recess.
  • the distance from the bearing surface of the clamping claw to the trough is thus always constant.
  • the cutting insert according to the invention can also be provided with a coating in one or more layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows the low scattering of the green densities from blank to blank. This should be less than or equal to 0.5%, preferably less than or equal to 0.3% of the mean.
  • the production green density was 1, 956 g / cm 3 , the green densities were within 1, 951 - 1, 963 g / cm 3 , the target at max. 0.3% deviation: 1, 951 - 1, 962 g / cm 3 .
  • the notch wear is reduced under the same conditions of use, namely
  • Service life criterion Dimensional accuracy
  • TDC indexable inserts
  • the inventively uncoated ⁇ - / ß-SiAION insert showed a significantly lower wear than the PcBN-WSP of the prior art after reaching the service life criterion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une plaquette céramique, qui est destinée à l'usinage de pièces par enlèvement de copeaux, et qui est fabriquée par frittage d'une ébauche. Cette plaquette comporte, d'une part une face supérieure et une face inférieure présentant chacune une surface d'appui pour le montage dans le porte-plaquette d'un outil de coupe, d'autre part des faces latérales reliant l'une à l'autre la face supérieure et la face inférieure, et enfin des arêtes d'outil qui présentent des biseaux. Pour éviter au moins en partie des opérations de reprise après le frittage, l'invention propose que les surfaces d'appui de la face supérieure et de la face inférieure, et/ou les biseaux, comportent au moins des parties de surfaces, qui gardent la peau de frittage issue du frittage, et qui n'aient pas été endommagées par une opération d'enlèvement de matière.
EP10736672A 2009-08-21 2010-07-20 Presses de précision et frittage de plaquettes, en particulier de plaquettes amovibles Withdrawn EP2467226A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009038289 2009-08-21
DE102009029326 2009-09-10
PCT/EP2010/060494 WO2011020667A1 (fr) 2009-08-21 2010-07-20 Presses de précision et frittage de plaquettes, en particulier de plaquettes amovibles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2467226A1 true EP2467226A1 (fr) 2012-06-27

Family

ID=42804722

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10736672A Withdrawn EP2467226A1 (fr) 2009-08-21 2010-07-20 Presses de précision et frittage de plaquettes, en particulier de plaquettes amovibles

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20120134758A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2467226A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013502328A (fr)
KR (1) KR20120066639A (fr)
CN (1) CN102740999A (fr)
BR (1) BR112012003880A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2771550A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010031578A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL218204A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011020667A1 (fr)

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CN106735101B (zh) * 2016-11-10 2018-07-17 西安交通大学 一种基于化学法活化处理的zta颗粒增强钢铁基复合磨辊的制备方法
US11241747B2 (en) * 2017-10-16 2022-02-08 Iscar, Ltd. Cutting tool and undersized bore-less indexable insert therefor

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KR20120066639A (ko) 2012-06-22
IL218204A0 (en) 2012-04-30
CA2771550A1 (fr) 2011-02-24
DE102010031578A1 (de) 2011-02-24
US20120134758A1 (en) 2012-05-31
BR112012003880A2 (pt) 2016-03-29
CN102740999A (zh) 2012-10-17
JP2013502328A (ja) 2013-01-24
WO2011020667A1 (fr) 2011-02-24

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