EP2463883A1 - Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Vakuumverlustes in einem Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, und Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, das eine solche Vorrichtung enthält - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Vakuumverlustes in einem Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, und Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, das eine solche Vorrichtung enthält Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2463883A1
EP2463883A1 EP11354049A EP11354049A EP2463883A1 EP 2463883 A1 EP2463883 A1 EP 2463883A1 EP 11354049 A EP11354049 A EP 11354049A EP 11354049 A EP11354049 A EP 11354049A EP 2463883 A1 EP2463883 A1 EP 2463883A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum
band
value
strip
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11354049A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2463883B1 (de
Inventor
Hans Schellekens
Serge Olive
Jean-Pierre Gauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2463883A1 publication Critical patent/EP2463883A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2463883B1 publication Critical patent/EP2463883B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/668—Means for obtaining or monitoring the vacuum
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for detecting the loss of vacuum in a vacuum cut-off apparatus, said apparatus being located in a powered electrical primary network and having an envelope comprising a first portion of substantially cylindrical shape made at least partly of a insulating material such as ceramic, said first part being closed at its two opposite ends by two bottoms, said envelope housing a fixed electrode integral with one of the aforesaid funds and supporting a fixed contact, and a movable electrode supporting a movable contact, said movable electrode being slidably mounted through the other of the two bottoms, between a closed position of the apparatus in which the movable contact is in contact with the fixed contact and an open position of the apparatus in which the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact, as well as a vacuum breaking device comprising such a device.
  • the dielectric strength in the bulb is such that almost all of the voltage is between the electrode and the screen.
  • the gas that has entered the bulb reduces the dielectric strength inside the bulb and ignitions occur between the electrodes and the screen.
  • the current flowing in the electrical circuit connecting the electrodes in series to the floating screen is then measured, the measured current being an image of the state of the vacuum inside the bulb.
  • this device is limited to bulbs having a floating screen inside.
  • this type of detector is not usable.
  • the present invention solves this drawback and proposes a device for detecting the loss of vacuum in a vacuum interrupter such as a bulb, of simple design, and which can be applied both in floating screen bulbs and in asymmetric bulbs by example.
  • the subject of the present invention is a device for detecting the loss of vacuum of the kind mentioned above, this device being characterized in that said envelope comprises a second part made of an insulating material and placed at least partly around said first portion, said second portion having on at least a portion of its outer surface a layer of a conductive material electrically connected to the ground forming a shield, in that a so-called first band of said layer of conductive material is isolated from the remainder of said layer, this so-called first band being situated opposite, on the one hand, of the first insulating part and, on the other hand, of the fixed electrode or of the mobile electrode, this so-called first forming band a capacity consisting of two capacitors in series, respectively a so-called vacuum capacity, situated between the mobile or fixed electrode and the inner face of the first e insulating part, and a capacitance called solids, interposed between the inner face of the aforementioned first insulating part and the so-called first band, and means for measuring the current flowing in the so-called first band
  • said vacuum breaking apparatus comprising a screen electrically connected to the mobile or fixed electrode and partially surrounding the mobile or fixed electrode, this apparatus is characterized in that inside the layer of material aforementioned conductor, a second band of conductive material is isolated from the rest of the aforementioned conductive layer and also from the first aforementioned band, this second band being located opposite said screen and forming between the so-called second band and said screen, a so-called third capacitance said third said capacitance being dimensioned in such a way that its value is equal to the value of said two said first and second capacitances connected in series, and means for measuring the voltage between the two bands, the changing the value of the vacuum capacity caused by a vacuum loss inside the apparatus causing a change in the value of the current flowing in the first band, this difference between the two current values causing a differential voltage between the two bands, and signaling means of a certain differential voltage value.
  • the width of the so-called first band is at most 20 mm, so that the value of the current measured across the first band in case of leakage is about 10 ⁇ A for a signal / signal ratio. noise of 10 dB.
  • said apparatus comprising a first screen electrically connected to the mobile or fixed electrode and a second screen electrically connected to the fixed or mobile electrode, said screens surrounding at least partially the mobile or respectively fixed electrode, said apparatus is characterized in that within said conductive material layer, a second strip and a third strip of conductive material are isolated from the remainder of said conductive layer and also said first strip, said second and third strips being respectively located opposite said first and second screens and forming, on the one hand, between the so-called second band and said first screen and, on the other hand, between said third band and said second screen respectively a so-called third capacity and said capacity.
  • so-called third and fourth capabilities being dimensioned in such a way that ue their value is equal to the value of the two aforesaid said first and second capacitances connected in series, in that the so-called second and third bands are electrically connected at the same point where the so-called second and third currents flowing in these two bands add, to give a so-called fourth current, and means for measuring the differential voltage generated by the difference between two current values respectively said fourth said current and said first current flowing in the first band.
  • the width of the so-called first band is set so that the value of the current measured across the first band is greater than 16 ⁇ A for a signal / noise ratio of 20 dB.
  • this apparatus comprises an electronic circuit controlled by the aforementioned differential voltage and controlling signaling means of a certain differential voltage value, said differential voltage value being representative of a loss of vacuum inside the the vacuum interrupter.
  • each of these two bands is electrically connected to the Earth by an impedance, across which impedances, an impedance circuit comprising a differential switch is connected.
  • the aforementioned signaling means comprise a differential switch and / or a fuse and / or a detonator and / or a means for demagnetizing a magnet and / or a means for discoloring a conductive strip of organic material.
  • the electronic circuit comprises an accumulation charging circuit which is slow enough not to react to transient overvoltages in the primary electrical network, but which is fast enough to act in the hours or the day following the loss. empty.
  • Another subject of the present invention is a vacuum interrupter comprising a device for detecting the loss of vacuum comprising the previously mentioned characteristics taken alone or in combination.
  • this vacuum interrupter is a vacuum interrupter.
  • this bulb is housed in a casing overmolded by an insulating material, the outer surface of the overmoulded portion of the casing being metallized, said metallization layer being grounded and constituting a shielding.
  • the present invention also relates to a vacuum interrupter further comprising a floating screen mounted around the electrodes and contacts, said bulb comprising a vacuum loss detection device comprising the aforementioned features taken alone or in combination, of the type comprising only one band.
  • a vacuum interrupter A comprising, in a manner known per se, an envelope 1 of substantially cylindrical shape closed by two bottoms 2,3.
  • the envelope encloses an electrode 4 fixed with respect to said envelope, and an electrode 5 movable relative to said envelope, the two electrodes 4,5 each supporting at their free end respectively a fixed contact 6 and a movable contact 7, said electrode mobile 5 being movable between a contact position of the two contacts 6.7 and a position separated from the two contacts.
  • the casing 1 comprises a cylindrical portion 8 made of ceramic closed by two end covers 9,10 crossed respectively by the aforementioned two electrodes 4,5, said electrodes being supported respectively by two extensions 11,12.
  • the bulb 1 also comprises two electrically conductive screens 13, 13 for the one 13, the mobile electrode 5 and the other 14 for the fixed electrode 4, these screens being located at the junction between the end caps 9,10 and the insulating ceramic part 8 of the casing.
  • the assembly consisting of the ceramic portion 8, the end caps 9,10 and the interfaces 2,3 at least in part, is overmolded by an epoxy material 26 to achieve a reinforced insulation of said casing.
  • the outer portion of the overmolded epoxy portion is metallized and this metallization is grounded so as to form a shield.
  • the left and right interfaces 2, 3 are non-metallized surfaces and serve as an interface with other equipment items not shown here.
  • a first band 16 of cylindrical shape is isolated from the rest of the metallized surface 15.
  • This first band 16 forms a capacitor composed of two capacitors in series 17, 18. Firstly, a first void capacity 17, placed between the movable electrode 5 and the inner face 19 of the ceramic part 8, and a capacity 18 called solids, placed between the inner face 19 of the part ceramic 8 and the so-called first insulated metallization strip 16.
  • a bulb according to a second embodiment of the invention as shown in the figure 2 solves this problem.
  • the bulb A comprises the same elements as those already described in the previous embodiment, but a second strip 20 of a layer of the metallization 15 is isolated from the rest of the metallized surface.
  • This second band 20 is located around that 13 of the above-mentioned conductive screens 13, 14 which is located on the opposite side to the fixed electrode 4, and which is therefore electrically connected to the moving electrode 5.
  • This second band 20 creates a capacitance Said third between said strip 20 and said screen 13 electrically connected to the movable electrode 5.
  • This capacity 25 is dimensioned such that its value is equal to the value of the capacity constituted by the two capacities 17, 18 in series.
  • Each of these two strips 16,20 is electrically connected to earth T (to be indicated in the figures) by an impedance 29,30 here represented by a capacitor.
  • an impedance circuit 21 comprising a differential switch 22 is connected.
  • a differential voltage is created between the two strips 16,20 across these impedances 29,30. This voltage is zero or close to zero in the case of a good vacuum state inside the bulb because the currents flowing in the two strips 16,20 are almost identical.
  • the electronic circuit 21 contains a trickle charging circuit which is slow enough not to react to transient overvoltages in the primary power grid, but which is fast enough to act in the hours or the day following the loss of vacuum.
  • This period is less than the duration of the ignition inside the bulb that depends on the size of the leak, as shown on the figure 3 illustrating the evolution of the pressure 32 as a function of time, the duration of which is of the order of 2 to 20 days.
  • a thyristor discharges the energy in a differential switch in order to cause a change of state that will keep in memory the loss of vacuum bulb even if it is no longer fed by the primary network.
  • this differential measurement makes it possible to separate the information related to the mains voltage from those related to the state of the vacuum in the bulb in order to exclusively measure a signal related to the loss of vacuum in the bulb.
  • the first signal 23 represents the differential voltage across the impedances 29,30 due to the temporary passage of the bulb in the area of low dielectric strength in which are produced internal priming for 2 to 20 days.
  • the second signal 24 represents the change of state of the differential switch where the state 0 represents the closed position and the state 1 represents the open position, which change of state will be visible at any time after.
  • This detection device makes it possible to give a visibility of the state of the bulb during the intervention with the equipment even in the absence of voltage of both the primary network of the bulb and the secondary network in the station .
  • first strip 16 should be placed facing the ceramic part 8 and facing the moving electrode 5 or the fixed electrode 4.
  • the second strip 20, for its part, should be located opposite the one of the conductive screens 13, 14 and therefore of either the moving electrode 5 or the fixed electrode 4.
  • the second band 20 must be in front of the screen connected to the moving electrode.
  • the second band 20 exerts a compensation of the signal in the absence of a leak in the closed position of the contacts, that is to say that in this case, the currents flowing in the two strips are substantially identical, as illustrated in FIG. figure 5 in position 2.
  • a differential voltage is observed, which means that it is difficult to distinguish between these two cases and the presence of a leak when the contacts are closed (position 1).
  • the second band 20 overcompensates the capacitive current in the first band 16, while for case 4 corresponding to an open position of the movable contact without contact power supply mobile, the second band no longer receives current because of the lack of capacitive coupling with the fixed contact.
  • the width of the first band so that it does not exceed 20mm, to obtain a signal with a current value of 10 ⁇ A approximately for a Signal / Noise ratio of 10dB. This makes it possible to improve the selectivity to the detriment of the signal. Below 20 mm, the nuisance will be less than -10 dB for a signal close to 10 ⁇ A as illustrated on the figure 6 .
  • the curve a represents the signal in ⁇ A as a function of the width of the first band in mm
  • the curves b and c respectively represent the ratios Noise / Signal in case of open mobile contact with a power supply only. mobile contact or fixed contact, and this depending on the width of the first band.
  • the bulb comprises a first measurement band 16 situated substantially in the center, facing the ceramic part 8 and the moving electrode 5, a second strip 20 separated from conductive material, surrounding the first screen 13 electrically connected to the mobile electrode, and a third strip 27 of conductive material, disposed on the side of the fixed contact 4, surrounding the second screen 14 electrically connected to the fixed electrode 4.
  • this third band 27 it is formed between said third band 27 and the second screen 14, a fourth capacitor 28.
  • This band makes it possible to compensate for the spurious signals caused by the small capacitor 33, between the first band 16 and the screen 14.
  • the so-called third 25 and fourth 28 capacitors are dimensioned in such a way that the total capacity value they form, being connected in parallel, is equal to the capacity value formed by the set constituted by the two capacitors 17, 18 connected in series, these two capacities 17,18 being connected in parallel with the capacitor 33.
  • the aforementioned second and third strips are electrically connected at one and the same point, where the so-called second and third currents flowing respectively in these two bands add up to give a so-called fourth current.
  • the device then comprises means for measuring the differential voltage between the current flowing in the first band, says first, and the current says fourth aforesaid. This differential voltage can then feed an electronic circuit as described in the previous embodiment, which circuit will actuate signaling means.
  • the advantage of this third band is to improve the measurement sensitivity in the case where the contacts 6 and 7 are open and a primary voltage is applied on the fixed contact side 6.
  • the width of the strips will preferably be chosen so that the value of the signal current is greater than 16 ⁇ A for a Signal / Noise ratio of 20 dB.
  • a signal compensation will be obtained even in cases where the movable contact is open or the fixed contact is open in the bulb.
  • the detection of a differential voltage of a certain value will be representative of a leak inside the bulb.
  • This device is applicable to any type of bulb comprising an envelope comprising a ceramic part or any material having similar dielectric characteristics.
  • this device is applicable to bulbs such as floating-screen type bulbs, the first band to be placed facing the ceramic and facing the mobile or fixed electrode.
  • differential switch may be replaced by other devices that make it possible to display a change of state such as a fuse or a detonator, a means of demagnetizing a magnet such as a Mi-top, and a means of discoloration of a conductive strip of organic material, ...

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EP11354049.6A 2010-12-09 2011-09-23 Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Vakuumverlustes in einem Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, und Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, das eine solche Vorrichtung enthält Active EP2463883B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1004796A FR2968827B1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Dispositif de detection de la perte de vide dans un appareil de coupure a vide et appareil de coupure a vide comportant un tel dispositif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2463883A1 true EP2463883A1 (de) 2012-06-13
EP2463883B1 EP2463883B1 (de) 2015-03-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11354049.6A Active EP2463883B1 (de) 2010-12-09 2011-09-23 Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Vakuumverlustes in einem Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, und Vakuum-Unterbrechungsgerät, das eine solche Vorrichtung enthält

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8658932B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2463883B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102543564B (de)
FR (1) FR2968827B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103022928A (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-03 中国西电电气股份有限公司 一种触头双屏蔽结构
CN103336474A (zh) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-02 沈阳工业大学 基于双信号跟踪的真空断路器永磁机构控制装置及方法
EP3098830A1 (de) 2015-05-28 2016-11-30 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Überwachungsvorrichtung der teilentladungen eines stromnetzes
FR3117263A1 (fr) 2020-12-08 2022-06-10 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Surveillance de dégradation d’une ampoule à vide

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JP5917852B2 (ja) * 2011-08-11 2016-05-18 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 スイッチ及びコネクタ
EP3008746B1 (de) * 2013-06-11 2017-09-06 Supergrid Institute Sas Vakuumschaltanordnung
EP2830078A1 (de) * 2013-07-26 2015-01-28 ABB Technology AG Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Innendruckes eines Vakuumschalters, und Vakuumschalter selbst
CN103606483B (zh) * 2013-11-23 2015-07-15 浙江紫光电器有限公司 高压真空断路器灭弧室真空度监测装置
MX2016014722A (es) 2014-05-12 2018-02-19 Cooper Technologies Co Deteccion de perdida de vacio.
FR3023650B1 (fr) 2014-07-10 2016-08-19 Alstom Technology Ltd Interrupteur isole par du vide autorisant un test du vide, ensemble d'interrupteur et procede de test
FR3026554B1 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2018-04-06 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif surveillance de la qualite du vide d'un disjoncteur a vide
CN110289190B (zh) * 2015-10-23 2024-08-06 北京瑞恒新源投资有限公司 带真空灭弧室的多功能电容型套管
CN105679596B (zh) * 2016-03-31 2018-10-19 成都西沃克真空科技有限公司 一种超高电压真空绝缘装置
DE102018212853A1 (de) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre und Hochspannungsschaltanordnung
US10818455B2 (en) * 2018-11-19 2020-10-27 S&C Electric Company Series vacuum interrupters with grading capacitors integrated in a molded switch housing
EP4026155B1 (de) * 2019-12-05 2023-08-09 S&C Electric Company Schalteranordnung mit energiegewinnung
EP3872822A1 (de) * 2020-02-28 2021-09-01 Comet AG Vakuumkondensator mit koronaring
WO2023239861A2 (en) * 2022-06-09 2023-12-14 Hubbell Incorporated Capacitor harvester

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US4103291A (en) 1976-09-30 1978-07-25 Howe Francis M Leak sensor and indicating system for vacuum circuit interrupters
DE3702009A1 (de) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-04 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur ueberwachung des vakuums einer vakuumschaltroehre
JPH1092277A (ja) * 1989-10-04 1998-04-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 真空バルブ形開閉装置の真空度低下検出装置

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103022928A (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-04-03 中国西电电气股份有限公司 一种触头双屏蔽结构
CN103022928B (zh) * 2012-12-28 2015-07-29 中国西电电气股份有限公司 一种触头双屏蔽结构
CN103336474A (zh) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-02 沈阳工业大学 基于双信号跟踪的真空断路器永磁机构控制装置及方法
EP3098830A1 (de) 2015-05-28 2016-11-30 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Überwachungsvorrichtung der teilentladungen eines stromnetzes
FR3117263A1 (fr) 2020-12-08 2022-06-10 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Surveillance de dégradation d’une ampoule à vide
EP4012740A1 (de) 2020-12-08 2022-06-15 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Überwachung des verschlechterung einer vakuumröhre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102543564A (zh) 2012-07-04
EP2463883B1 (de) 2015-03-04
FR2968827A1 (fr) 2012-06-15
US8658932B2 (en) 2014-02-25
CN102543564B (zh) 2016-06-29
FR2968827B1 (fr) 2012-12-21
US20120145674A1 (en) 2012-06-14

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