EP2463174A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour remplacer une lampe à incandescence d'un signal lumineux - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour remplacer une lampe à incandescence d'un signal lumineux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2463174A1
EP2463174A1 EP10194406A EP10194406A EP2463174A1 EP 2463174 A1 EP2463174 A1 EP 2463174A1 EP 10194406 A EP10194406 A EP 10194406A EP 10194406 A EP10194406 A EP 10194406A EP 2463174 A1 EP2463174 A1 EP 2463174A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
interface
power
incandescent lamp
interlocking
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10194406A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2463174B1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Schmid
Martin Hediger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority to EP20100194406 priority Critical patent/EP2463174B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2011/070352 priority patent/WO2012076313A1/fr
Publication of EP2463174A1 publication Critical patent/EP2463174A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2463174B1 publication Critical patent/EP2463174B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/12—Visible signals
    • B61L5/18—Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders
    • B61L5/1809—Daylight signals
    • B61L5/1881—Wiring diagrams for power supply, control or testing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2207/00—Features of light signals
    • B61L2207/02—Features of light signals using light-emitting diodes [LEDs]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for implementing a replacement of an incandescent lamp by a more energy-saving light source for a light signal in rail-bound traffic, which is involved in an interlocking safety monitoring.
  • LED bulbs Due to the significantly longer life of LED bulbs and due to the fact that the filament light bulbs will disappear completely from the market in the medium to long term, is therefore increasingly transferred to equipment / retrofit of new or existing signal systems to use LED bulbs. These LED bulbs often have a greater number of individual LEDs arranged in an array that are collectively lit to indicate a signal term. The failure of a single LED or a small number of individual LEDs can hardly fall due to the large number of points of light weight, which is why in addition to the incandescent lamps increased life of the LED and the system error rate is significantly lower.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a device for implementing a replacement of a light bulb by a more energy-saving light source for a light signal in rail-bound traffic, which is included in a safety-related monitoring.
  • a replacement of filament lamps by LED bulbs or similar bulbs can be done in a simple and cost-saving manner without a Stelltechnik pasen hardware conversion.
  • the requirement of real-time adaptation of the power consumption to the predetermined characteristic can be fulfilled particularly well when the voltmeter operates in the TRMS mode. Then already suffice over half a period of the power supply averaged square sums of Power supply (input voltage) to set the power balance according to the intended characteristic curve.
  • the required speed of the power adjustment is recordable especially well if the power sensor includes a power driver in PWM mode.
  • the power sensor the still available, not consumed by the LED bulbs energy supply an energy storage.
  • this is done with a load resistor controlled in PWM mode in a manner that is particularly close to real-time.
  • the device must meet very special requirements if the characteristic of the cold filament must be reproduced.
  • the electrical resistance is initially much lower than in the following operation. In the case of a 40-volt filament lamp, this value is around 9 ohms at the start of the switch-on and then rises to a value in the range of approximately 68 ohms over an interval of approximately 70 ms.
  • the power sensor in response to the Stelltechnik füre turning on the light bulb can destroy a typical for a cold filament in the incandescent lamp inrush current.
  • a preferred approach for this purpose can be realized, for example, by the power sensor can drain the inrush current by means of a temporarily parallel resistor corresponding to the resistance of the incandescent lamp with cold filament, the resistance value then preferably over time (in relatively short time ).
  • An alternative approach for this purpose may provide in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that the power sensor in a first temporal portion after the Stelltechnik side providing the electrical power to turn on the light source by means of a temporally connected in parallel Resistance corresponding to the resistance of the filament lamp when the filament is cold, and in a second subsequent section the parallel resistor is replaced by a PMW function to simulate the load characteristic of the filament lamp.
  • a resistor of suitable size can be switched as a load, which is subsequently replaced by a load simulated with the PMW function.
  • a preferred development of the invention therefore provides for connecting the power sensor for a flashing mode of the luminous means with a resistor for simulating the switch-on load, in particular in the first milliseconds, which is adapted to the state of the warm filament as a result of the flashing operation.
  • the basic functionality of an LED signaling device is the optical signaling for the railway driver.
  • the requirements of the approval must be interpreted correctly and the valid applicable standards and, if applicable, specifications of the operator for light intensity, emission characteristics, color location of the emitted light and other parameters and properties to be met.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of today's connection of a 40 V filament lamp 2 from conventional relay interlocks 4, such as Do67 and Do69 interlockings of Siemens Switzerland AG.
  • the FIG. 2 shows this today's connection of the 40 V filament lamp 2 in pre-signals with series-connected filament lamps from conventional relay interlocks.
  • FIG. 3 now shows a schematic representation of a series connection of an essential to the invention interface module IM for controlling an LED bulb 12 from conventional relay interlocks 4.
  • the interface module IM is located here advantageously directly to the LED bulb 12 and is in a track cable 14 from Interlocking 4 to the LED bulb 12 interposed.
  • the sequence of the load connection (load control) is in FIG. 4 shown.
  • the feedback involves the risk that an excessive load change in connection with the control time can produce a tendency to oscillate.
  • a suitable approximation algorithm reduces the tendency to oscillate and allows realization.
  • FIG. 5 One possible implementation of this is in FIG. 5 shown.
  • FIG. 5 for the start-up of the LED bulb 12 a 9 ohm resistor would be parallel to the start-up behavior in the first 5 ms as a load switch and then to simulate the load with a PWM function.
  • the reproduction of the dynamic characteristic is an important necessary component of the substitution of LED electronics in the relay interlockings 4. It is particularly significant that the inrush current (starting current increase of the cold lamp) for the proper functioning (tightening the serially operated in the lamp current path relay with switching of the contacts) (train protection relay ZU or ZK relay) is required.
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 The dominant parameters show an example of a 40V filament lamp 2 used by the Swiss Federal Railways.
  • FIG. 7 shows a solution in accordance with digital circuit technology, in which the load is controlled in PWM function to set the desired characteristic.
  • the FIG. 10 shows the current balance to be reached (firsbisanzierers) of the interface module IM, so that a series circuit (see FIG. 9 ) of several interface modules is possible.
  • the accuracy to be achieved is less than ⁇ 3-5% due to the series voltage.
  • the power balancer used in the interface module IM can be simplified as a control element.
  • the FIG. 11 shows the functional principle.
  • the voltage of the interface module IM can be represented as a current source with fixed parallel resistors and a variable resistor 16 (power balance with PWM).
  • the power loss of the fixed loads are simulated by resistors.
  • the power balancer varies in the equivalent circuit, the power loss by a change in resistance.
  • the formula above gives the power consumption / power balance.
  • a service or engineering interface 18 is provided, as in FIG. 12 shown. This interface makes it possible to operate LED's with the appropriate type of power source (eg 1000mA, 500mA, 350mA etc.).
  • the FIG. 12 shows a possible realization. If highly efficient LED's are driven, the resulting larger unneeded line is detected by the power balance and converted into heat at a corresponding resistor 20 or used as an example for the charge of secondary cells.
  • the realization of the power consumer is mainly determined by the speed of the required change. In order to keep vibration tendencies in the lighting system as small as possible, the power consumer is realized with PWM and a change interval of about 10 to 50 ms.
  • the flashing signal lamp is a special case at the Swiss Federal Railways. This type of signaling makes it possible to maintain railway operation with performance losses if one yarn fails. With the so-called Fusi flashing the signal lamp (emergency stop lamp) with 1Hz and the clock ratio of 1: 1 is controlled by the relay interlocking. For the simulation of this flashing at the Domino interlockings, the dynamic characteristic of the filament yarn lamp according to the Figures 14 and 15 considered.
  • the power measurement of the interface module IM is highly dependent on the accuracy of the input voltage measurement.
  • the interface module IM can reliably switch the load control via PWM or similar methods.
  • the failure behavior of the interface module IM simulates the behavior of the incandescent lamp as well and reliably as possible.
  • the switch-on behavior also reliably bridges the failure simulation.
  • the inertia is achieved with good repeatability.
  • the failure behavior can be simulated on the one hand by a reactivatable fuse or by a targeted load shedding.
  • the heat dissipation is not easy to realize according to the experience of many years of hardware projects and is usually underestimated. In order to achieve a sufficiently good convection, as large an area as possible is used.
  • a viable solution is the use of the existing metal housing of the signal lamp to distribute the heat.
  • a peak value is determined for each half-wave. This is a very simple method of voltage measurement.
  • a low-pass filter is necessary, which brings a certain damping already from the first harmonic.
  • the filter can be implemented digitally.
  • a comparator (8 x 8 bits), a little logic and a register in which the instantaneous peak value is stored are necessary. The accuracy of the voltage measurement achieved here at a 35% harmonic content about ⁇ 10%, which is almost robust.
  • This calculation can be implemented very easily, for example on an FPGA. It is just an adder (about 16 x 8 bit, depending on S) and some logic necessary. The division can be done by a clever choice of S (S ⁇ ⁇ 2 n ⁇ ) by means of a bit shift operation. An analogue low-pass filter in front of the rectifier is recommended, so that high-frequency signal components are not measured. With a 35% harmonic content, the measurement accuracy with this method is approx. ⁇ 5% and is about twice as accurate as the previous one. However, the evaluation of two half-waves are required for this accuracy (ie 20 ms at 50 Hz).
  • this calculation method can also be implemented on an FPGA.
  • an analog low-pass filter should be provided for filtering high-frequency signal components.
  • the calculation of the effective value could possibly be taken over by a DSP. With a 35% harmonic content, the measurement accuracy with this method is about -1% to + 3%. If digital low-pass filters are to be used, it is advantageous to process a signal that is not rectified. A rectified signal loses through a good low-pass filter, the zero crossings and can then no longer be meaningfully evaluated.
  • the interface module IM comprises an EMC protection 22 on the interface side interface and then has a number of function blocks controlled and monitored by a control logic 24.
  • the control logic 24 itself has a service and configuration interface 18.
  • a function block automatic shut-off 26 primarily deals with the case of the defective LED light source 12 and also ensures that the LED light source 12 does not glow.
  • the functional block "internal voltage conditioning" 28 applies to the provision of the voltages required in the interface module IM, in particular the provision of a sufficient voltage for the control logic 24 in the case of the simulation of the inbrush inrush current.
  • the function block "TRMS voltage measurement” 30 has a supporting role for the interface module IM, because only with a high quality of the measurement of the input voltage ultimately the function of the filament lamp replacement can be guaranteed in the first place.
  • the "Inrush current automatic” function block 32 controls the time-critical process of inbrush current simulation.
  • the function block “operating state monitoring” 34 ensures the monitoring of the operation of the interface module IM and the LED lamps 12 controlled by it.
  • the function block "energy balancer” 36 has the task in a series circuit of interface modules IM for controlling meherer LED bulbs 12 to account for the energy absorbed per module and to adjust the interface modules IM.
  • the functional block "current interface” 38 decides, depending on the LED illuminant 12 used, which current is delivered to the LED illuminant 12.
  • the function block “luminous flux monitoring” 40 detects whether the LED illuminant 12 also actually lights up and also illuminates in the correct mode (for example, during the night reduction of the light output).
  • the lamp characteristic is simulated by means of resistors at the input.
  • One of the resistors is on during the on-time of the FPGA to simulate the regular power reference. As soon as the FPGA turns on the LEDs, the resistor is disconnected from the mains. This resistance can be controlled, for example, by the function group "inrush current automatic".
  • the safety consideration depends on the architecture of the interface module.
  • the safety objectives for SIL 4 according to EN 50129 can only be achieved due to the functionality and the system limits by means of two independent elements / channels or with a special test procedure.
  • this suburb directly at the LED bulbs 12 and pass two channels to the control logic 24 of the interface module IM.
  • the operational safety and the feasibility of this interface module IM is above all that the interlocking 4 is reported back on the power reference on the basis of the light bulb criteria, whether the switched LED bulb 12 is actually lit.
  • the LED lamp 12 may not light up due to external influences, influencing voltages, etc., without activation by the signal box 4.
  • a minimum glow limit in the range of those of the substituted filament lamp (the glow limit) must be maintained even in the event of a fault.
  • the LED bulbs 12 must have the same light intensity within a certain tolerance. If during daytime operation a single point of light of a term, the must be represented by more than one light point, incorrectly works in the night mode, this can be perceived as too high signal concept (eg F2 ⁇ F1 or F5 * ⁇ F1 *) and would represent a serious error signal.
  • the LED could be controlled in one channel, if a light monitoring is used as an independent viewing unit with switch-off capability. At least one absolute lower threshold must be monitored. However, a wrong day / night operating mode could not be reliably detected. Therefore, the monitoring threshold for the light intensity measurement should be dependent on the input voltage. To do this, the input voltage must be evaluated for day / night operation both in the control channel and in the monitoring channel. With continuous adjustment of the signal intensity in proportion to the input voltage, a simpler evaluation of the input voltage without true RMS calculation could possibly be used in the monitoring channel.
  • a 2-channel architecture (composite fail-safety) is possible.
  • an exchange of the TRSM results between the channels must be provided.
  • Each channel evaluates the deviation to the adjacent channel, if it is within the tolerable range, both channels continue to work with a common value. If the LED bulb 12 does not emit enough luminous flux, the monitored current window would have to be left in the interlocking 4.
  • the relay interlocking 4 not the current reference of each individual light spot is monitored by the relay interlocking 4, but depending on the driving concept of the current reference of series circuits of multiple points of light, or points of light and equivalent resistance. This makes it difficult to reliably reveal the failure of the light point with a change in the current reference.
  • the safety-related reaction therefore ideally consists in the complete interruption of the current path, as is the case with a filament lamp in the case of filament defect.
  • the LED can already come on with a very low input current at the interface module IM. Ideally, a captive relationship between driving the LED and minimum power consumption can be realized. Otherwise, the monitoring function would have to monitor a minimum power consumption in addition to the luminous flux.
  • the incandescent lamp is considered to be a strictly resistive resistor with short-term overload resistance and a small time constant with respect to light emission. The brief flash of LED bulbs in the dark state would be intolerable, especially at night and is therefore eliminated with the maintenance of the minimum glow limit.
  • FIG. 13 shows the lamp characteristic with cold filament.
  • the lamp resistance at day voltage (38V) increases to 68 to 70 ohms.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
EP20100194406 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Dispositif et procédé pour remplacer une lampe à incandescence d'un signal lumineux Active EP2463174B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20100194406 EP2463174B1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Dispositif et procédé pour remplacer une lampe à incandescence d'un signal lumineux
PCT/EP2011/070352 WO2012076313A1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2011-11-17 Dispositif et procede de substitution de lampes incandescentes

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EP20100194406 EP2463174B1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Dispositif et procédé pour remplacer une lampe à incandescence d'un signal lumineux

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EP2463174B1 EP2463174B1 (fr) 2013-10-30

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2687418A3 (fr) * 2012-07-20 2014-05-14 Pintsch Bamag Antriebs- und Verkehrstechnik GmbH Signal de trajectoire à LED pour le transport ferroviaire et interface pour un tel signal de trajectoire à LED
DE102012221991A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fehleroffenbarung bei einem Lichtsignal
WO2015039879A1 (fr) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé permettant de régler un émetteur de signaux à diodes électroluminescentes en fonctionnement jour et nuit et émetteur de signaux à diodes électroluminescentes
WO2014082860A3 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2015-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuiterie de signalisation d'erreurs en cas d'un signal lumineux
EP2894389A1 (fr) * 2014-01-14 2015-07-15 Siemens Schweiz AG Remplacement de lampes à incandescence sur des signaux ferroviaires par des diodes électroluminescentes
DE202016003785U1 (de) 2016-06-16 2016-07-20 Deutsche Bahn Ag Vorrichtung zum Ersetzen einer Glühlampe
EP3072775A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-09-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Procédé de réponse de l'éclairage d'une lampe de signal dans un signal du trafic sur un dispositif de surveillance
DE102016007366A1 (de) 2016-06-16 2017-12-21 Deutsche Bahn Ag Glühlampenemulation
EP3456604A1 (fr) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-20 Ansaldo STS S.p.A. Dispositif d'éclairage pour un signal ferroviaire ou similaire et son procédé de gestion
CN110481598A (zh) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-22 交控科技股份有限公司 一种移动闭塞和固定闭塞混跑的信号机、控制方法和电路

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DE102014019475A1 (de) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-23 Db Netz Ag Leuchtvorrichtung für eine Lichtsignalanlage des schienengebundenen Verkehrs
CN104802831A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2015-07-29 河南蓝信科技股份有限公司 调车应答器装置
DE102016214051A1 (de) * 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Stromversorgung und Stromversorgung für an einer Bahnstrecke angeordnete Bahnbetriebselemente
EP3326886B1 (fr) 2016-11-24 2019-06-05 Siemens Mobility AG Dispositif et procédé de réalisation d'un remplacement d'ampoule à incandescence longue durée

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EP1722608A2 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit pour l' alimentation et la surveillance d' un dispositif de signalisation lumineux
EP1741613A1 (fr) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-10 Alcatel Interface entre un poste d'aiguillage et un signal avec des diodes électroluminescentes
EP1787886A1 (fr) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-23 ALCATEL Transport Solution Deutschland GmbH Circuit électrique pour des lampes de signalisation avec diodes électroluminescentes ayant un seuil pour changer entre un mode de fonctionnement de jour et un mode de fonctionnement de nuit

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WO2003053110A1 (fr) * 2001-12-14 2003-06-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit permettant de faire fonctionner un voyant lumineux
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EP1722608A2 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit pour l' alimentation et la surveillance d' un dispositif de signalisation lumineux
EP1741613A1 (fr) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-10 Alcatel Interface entre un poste d'aiguillage et un signal avec des diodes électroluminescentes
EP1787886A1 (fr) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-23 ALCATEL Transport Solution Deutschland GmbH Circuit électrique pour des lampes de signalisation avec diodes électroluminescentes ayant un seuil pour changer entre un mode de fonctionnement de jour et un mode de fonctionnement de nuit

Cited By (27)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2687418A3 (fr) * 2012-07-20 2014-05-14 Pintsch Bamag Antriebs- und Verkehrstechnik GmbH Signal de trajectoire à LED pour le transport ferroviaire et interface pour un tel signal de trajectoire à LED
AU2013351411B2 (en) * 2012-11-30 2018-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for revealing a light signal error
CN104768829B (zh) * 2012-11-30 2016-11-09 西门子公司 用于揭示光信号中的错误的方法和装置
US9656681B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2017-05-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for revealing light signal errors
US9562952B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2017-02-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for revealing errors in the case of a light signal
CN104768829A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-07-08 西门子公司 用于揭示光信号中的错误的方法和装置
DE102012221991A1 (de) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fehleroffenbarung bei einem Lichtsignal
CN104781130A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-07-15 西门子公司 用于揭示光信号中的错误的电路装置
WO2014082860A3 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2015-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuiterie de signalisation d'erreurs en cas d'un signal lumineux
WO2014082859A3 (fr) * 2012-11-30 2015-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de notification de défaillance dans un signal lumineux
WO2015039879A1 (fr) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé permettant de régler un émetteur de signaux à diodes électroluminescentes en fonctionnement jour et nuit et émetteur de signaux à diodes électroluminescentes
CN105557070B (zh) * 2013-09-20 2017-06-30 西门子公司 用于关于日间和夜间运行设置led信号发送器的方法和led信号发送器
CN105557070A (zh) * 2013-09-20 2016-05-04 西门子公司 用于关于日间和夜间运行设置led信号发送器的方法和led信号发送器
DE102013218998B4 (de) * 2013-09-20 2016-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Einstellen eines LED-Signalgebers hinsichtlich Tag- und Nachtbetrieb und LED-Signalgeber
RU2634643C2 (ru) * 2013-09-20 2017-11-07 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Способ регулировки светодиодного сигнализатора для работы в дневном и ночном режимах и светодиодный сигнализатор
EP2894389A1 (fr) * 2014-01-14 2015-07-15 Siemens Schweiz AG Remplacement de lampes à incandescence sur des signaux ferroviaires par des diodes électroluminescentes
EP3072775A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-09-28 Siemens Schweiz AG Procédé de réponse de l'éclairage d'une lampe de signal dans un signal du trafic sur un dispositif de surveillance
DE102016007366B4 (de) * 2016-06-16 2021-05-06 Deutsche Bahn Aktiengesellschaft Glühlampenemulation
DE102016007366A1 (de) 2016-06-16 2017-12-21 Deutsche Bahn Ag Glühlampenemulation
DE202016003785U1 (de) 2016-06-16 2016-07-20 Deutsche Bahn Ag Vorrichtung zum Ersetzen einer Glühlampe
EP3456604A1 (fr) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-20 Ansaldo STS S.p.A. Dispositif d'éclairage pour un signal ferroviaire ou similaire et son procédé de gestion
WO2019058188A1 (fr) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-28 Ansaldo Sts Spa Dispositif lumineux pour signaux de chemin de fer et analogue, et son procédé de gestion
CN111587203A (zh) * 2017-09-19 2020-08-25 日立铁路信号装置股份有限公司 用于铁路信号灯等的发光设备及其管理方法
AU2018337923B2 (en) * 2017-09-19 2022-12-01 Hitachi Rail Sts S.P.A. Luminous device for railways signals and the like, and management method thereof
US11420660B2 (en) 2017-09-19 2022-08-23 Hitachi Rail Sts S.P.A. Luminous device for rail ways signals and the like, and management method thereof
CN110481598A (zh) * 2019-07-30 2019-11-22 交控科技股份有限公司 一种移动闭塞和固定闭塞混跑的信号机、控制方法和电路
CN110481598B (zh) * 2019-07-30 2021-09-10 交控科技股份有限公司 一种移动闭塞和固定闭塞混跑的信号机、控制方法和电路

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