EP2459812B1 - Reinforced concrete component reinforced with z-shaped sheet metal pieces - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a reinforced concrete component having at least one upper and at least one lower Längsbewehrungslage, and a transverse force reinforcement, which is guided in its extension over the uppermost and lowermost longitudinal reinforcement, according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the case of steel or prestressed concrete components, shear reinforcement is often necessary in the area of bearing points, in particular in the area of column connections, for receiving the transverse forces occurring there as a result of the column forces.

Such shear reinforcement elements are largely known in the form of S-hooks or temples, dowel strips, double-headed bolts, underwire mats, lattice girders, Tobler Walm, Geilinger collar and crack star.

A shear reinforcement in the form of S-hooks or straps must enclose a mostly existing longitudinal bending reinforcement for reasons of poor anchoring in order to prevent tearing of the shear reinforcement. To lay this is very expensive and therefore costly. At high

Reinforcement degrees of the bending tensile reinforcement and high shear reinforcement proportion apply conventional bracket as no longer installable.

At the, from the DE 27 27 159 A1 known dowel bar, the dowels are provided at their end with a widened dowel head. The dowels are welded with their other end with a dowel retaining rail. A further development of such a dowel strip is for example from the DE 298 12 676 U1 known. This dowel strip has a plurality of mutually spaced dowels having a plate-shaped widened dowel head at one end of its dowel shaft and which are fastened to a common dowel retaining rail at the other end, wherein the respective dowel shaft extends through a dowel bore of the dowel retaining rail and provided with a rivet head is. See also DE 203 09 548 U1 ,

Although such dowel strips have long been used in many ways, it has been found in practice that these dowel strips fail with strong thrust forces, since the dowels then bend. As a result, the bond between concrete and reinforcement is also loosened, a durability of the reinforced concrete component is not always given.

Double head bolts consist of a cylindrical bolt and a relative to the bolt enlarged, above or below lying bolt head, which is usually formed approximately frusto-conical in each case. Several such bolts are connected via a fixed to the lower or upper bolt head spacer bar to a shear reinforcement element, wherein the spacer bar for the correct orientation and the correct height position of the double-headed bolt in the installed state.

A disadvantage of this shear reinforcement element is that the production of double head bolts is quite expensive and, for example, by upsetting the bolt ends to produce the bolt heads or by welding the frustoconical bolt heads to the bolt.

In addition, the double headed bolts are usually threaded from above in a star shape between the upper and lower layers of the longitudinal reinforcement. With high degrees of reinforcement of the bending tensile reinforcement and different mesh sizes of the upper and lower reinforcement layer, the installation is very difficult, sometimes even impossible.

Tobler Walm and Geilinger collars are steel components that consist of welded-together steel profiles and are manufactured individually. Due to the high weight of the hoisting equipment, the installation parts must be moved. The manufacture and installation are complex and costly because this tool is not available for other tasks on the site during the time of installation, or must be kept extra. Due to their size and weight, these solutions can not be used in prefabricated parts, since otherwise the transport to the construction site would no longer be economical. These reinforcing elements can therefore only be used for reinforced concrete components, which are manufactured in cast-in-situ construction.

The object of the invention is to overcome these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a reinforced concrete component with which also large shear forces or transverse forces can be absorbed. The steel or prestressed concrete part should also be inexpensive to produce and easy to install. Ideally, it should also be manufacturable as a finished part.

Main features of the invention are specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 and claim 6. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 5 and 8.

In a reinforced concrete component with at least one upper and at least one lower longitudinal reinforcement layer and a transverse force reinforcement, which is guided in its extension over the uppermost and lowermost longitudinal reinforcement, the invention provides that the transverse force reinforcement of at least 20 free-falling, trapezoidal or triangular sheet metal parts made of structural steel is formed.

The advantageous embodiment of the transverse force reinforcement of at least 20 free-falling, trapezoidal or triangular sheet metal parts made of structural steel ensures on the one hand due to the large number of sheet metal parts for a good bond between the concrete and the reinforcement. Such a reinforced concrete component is inexpensive to manufacture and very stable. The composite effect is also reinforced by the shape of the sheet metal part, since the sheet metal part can become wedged within the concrete.

The cost of producing the reinforced concrete component are extremely low due to the inventive design of the transverse force reinforcement, since commercial structural steel can be used. Due to the simple geometry of the sheet metal parts they can be used in one Series production can be manufactured as free-falling stampings. There are no welding operations, screw or solder joints necessary. The production costs of a reinforced concrete part according to the invention are significantly reduced by the design of the shear force reinforcement by the simple sheet metal parts. Furthermore, very little energy is required in the production process of the sheet metal parts by the punching production.

They can also be installed quickly and easily, with no special skills or skills necessary.

At the same time, in addition to the puncture resistance, especially the transverse force carrying capacity compared to conventional constructions is significantly increased, since lateral forces and moments are better absorbed and distributed more favorably in the reinforced concrete component. Thus, cracks caused by lateral force remain small and the load capacity of the reinforced concrete component can be significantly increased compared to conventional solutions.

The thrust transmission in the composite joint, which is to be detected in element ceilings, is also taken over by the sheet metal parts. Thus, the cost of producing a reinforced concrete component according to the invention can be further reduced.

Preferably, the transverse force reinforcement is formed from at least 50 sheet metal parts, more preferably from at least 70 sheet metal parts. The stress in the reinforced concrete component can be distributed very homogeneously by the large number of sheet metal parts, which increases the load capacity even further.

In order to further improve the composite effect of the transverse force reinforcement in the reinforced concrete component according to the invention, each sheet metal part has at each of its two ends a fold. The fold is guided up to the top or bottom longitudinal reinforcement. This embodiment of the invention provides for a better stress distribution within the shear force loaded zone of the reinforced concrete component. The cross-sectionally Z-shaped sheet metal part engages with the simple folds at least one reinforcing rod of the upper and one of the lower reinforcement layer, so that a low-slip anchorage of the punching reinforcement is achieved in the concrete pressure and Betonzugzone.

Particularly preferred are two circular recesses formed within the fold at the wider end of the trapezoidal sheet metal part. Concrete can penetrate through these circular recesses and thus for a toothing of the Sheet metal part with the concrete care. The reinforced concrete component is thus extremely durable. Furthermore, the sheet metal parts are thus firmly anchored and do not move when pouring the concrete.

A guided through each recess longitudinal reinforcement rod according to the invention improves the carrying capacity of the reinforced concrete component, as obliquely introduced forces on the composite effect between the sheet metal part and longitudinal reinforcement rod are divided into a normal force component and a transverse force component. The reinforced concrete component thus has a higher ductility.

Particularly advantageous is the embodiment of the invention such that the bends are formed with additional recesses. As a result, the composite effect between the sheet metal parts and the concrete in reinforced concrete component is further improved, the load capacity of the reinforced concrete component is increased again.

Preferably, each sheet metal part has a thickness of 3 or 5 mm. Tests carried out for reasons of carrying capacity have shown that other thicknesses do not achieve the optimum ratio of lateral force carrying capacity with respect to the bonding effect. In addition, the provision of only two sheet metal thicknesses has a particularly favorable effect on the material costs. The sheet metal parts need not be specially adapted in thickness. Rather, they can be made as needed, thereby avoiding storage and storage costs. Only the length of the sheet metal parts must be adapted to the respective ceiling thickness.

According to the invention, in a preferred embodiment, the sheet metal parts are arranged uniformly around a region with a high transverse force load. Thus, the design of the reinforced concrete component can be done with simple means and existing possibilities. A comprehensive calculation for each individual case can thus be avoided. According to the invention it is also advantageous if the sheet metal parts are arranged parallel to each other. As a result, simple geometries, which are useful for the design of the reinforced concrete component realize. The inventive construction of the reinforced concrete component is thus easy to manufacture and inexpensive.

The arrangement of the sheet metal parts, which serve as a reinforcement, concentrates when installed in a reinforced concrete component in a core area. The large amount of reinforcement arranged there, which is arranged through the sheet metal parts, significantly increases the puncture resistance of the reinforced concrete component. At greater distance to the core area, ideally in the zone of the strongest lateral force load, z. B. in a column area, the number of sheet metal parts can be advantageously reduced. The tangential distances of the reinforcement components are then increased with increasing distance from the core region.

erfüllt ist.Particularly advantageous is the embodiment of the invention such that the shear force reinforcement is formed from so many Z-shaped sheet metal parts made of structural steel that the equation $\frac{\mathit{\beta }\cdot {\mathit{V}}_{\mathit{Ed}}}{{\mathit{u}}_{\mathit{crit}}}\le v_{\mathit{Rd}.\mathrm{Max}}$

is satisfied.

• u_krit der Umfang des kritischen Rundschnitts nach Abschnitt 10.5.2 von DIN 1045-1 unter Berücksichtigung nachstehenden Angaben, wobei DIN 1045-1, Abschnitt 10.5.2(14) hier keine Anwendung findet.

Here are:

• the _critical circumference according to section 10.5.2 of DIN 1045-1 is taken into account taking into account the following information, whereby DIN 1045-1, section 10.5.2 (14) does not apply here.

β

Lasterhöhungsfaktor für horizontal unverschieblich gelagerte Deckensysteme nach DIN 1045-1, Bild 44 oder nach Heft 525 des DAfStb, Abschnitt 10.5.3.

V_Ed

die auf das Bauteil wirkenden Designwerte der Einwirkungen

$${\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Rd},\max }={\mathrm{\alpha }}_{\mathrm{Blech}}{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{Rd},\mathrm{ct}}$$

wobei
α_Blech Faktor zur Berücksichtigung der Tragfähigkeitserhöhung durch die Bleche Blechdicke t [mm] Bewehrung ds [mm] α_Blech GM-Z5/12 5 12 1,9 GM-Z3/12 3 12 1,6 V_Rd,ct wird wie nachstehend für Innen-, Rand- und Eckstützen ermittelt zu:

• Im kritischen Rundschnitt beträgt die Querkrafttragfähigkeit V_Rd,ct der Platte zur Ermittlung der maximalen Tragfähigkeit: $$v_{Rd,ct}=\left[0,14\cdot \kappa \cdot {\left(100\cdot {\rho }_l\cdot f_{c\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="k"\; filenames="imgf0001.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right]\cdot d$$
  

  κ

  der Maßstabsfaktor nach Gleichung (106) in DIN 1045-1,

  ρ_l

  mittlerer Längsbewehrungsgrad innerhalb des betrachteten Rundschnitts

  d

  statische Bauteilhöhe

The critical round cut must be made in accordance with DIN 1045-1, section 10.5.2 for inner supports as well as supports near openings in the plate. Supports that are less than 6 hours away from at least one edge of the board are considered edge or corner supports. For this, the round cut is to be carried out in accordance with DIN 1045-1, Figure 41, with a margin of 6 h (instead of 3 d according to Figure 41). If a round cut guide according to DIN 1045-1, picture 39, results in a smaller round cut length, this is decisive.

β

Load increase factor for horizontally non-displaceably mounted ceiling systems according to DIN 1045-1, Figure 44 or to No. 525 of the DAfStb, Section 10.5.3.

V _Ed

the design values of the actions acting on the component

$${\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Rd}.\mathrm{Max}}={\mathrm{\alpha }}_{\mathrm{sheet}}{\mathrm{V}}_{\mathrm{Rd}.\mathrm{ct}}$$

in which
α _{Sheet metal} factor to take account of the increase in capacity through the sheets Sheet thickness t [mm] Reinforcement ds [mm] α _{sheet metal} GM-Z5 / 12 5 12 1.9 GM-Z3 / 12 3 12 1.6 V _{Rd, ct} is determined as follows for interior, edge and corner columns:

• In the critical round section, the lateral force carrying capacity V _{Rd, ct of} the plate for determining the maximum load capacity is: $$v_{Rd.ct}=\left[0.14\cdot \kappa \cdot {\left(100\cdot {\rho }_l\cdot f_{c\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="k"\; filenames="imgf0001.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right]\cdot d$$
  

  κ

  the scale factor according to equation (106) in DIN 1045-1,

  ρ _l

  average longitudinal reinforcement within the considered round section

  d

  static component height

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the shear force reinforcement is formed from so many Z-shaped sheet metal parts made of structural steel that the equation β · V _Ed ≦ v _{Rd, sy, z is} satisfied.

V_Ed

die auf das Bauteil wirkenden Designwerte der Einwirkungen

β

nach DIN 1045-1, Bild 44 oder nach DAfStb Heft 525, Abschnitt 10.5.3

v_Rd,sy,Z

dem Durchstanzwiderstand der Blechteile $${\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Rd},\mathrm{sy},\mathrm{Z}}=\mathrm{k}\mathrm{1}\cdot {\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Rd},\mathrm{ct}}\cdot {\mathrm{u}}_{\mathrm{i}}+{\mathrm{b}}_{\mathrm{Blech}}\cdot {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{Blech}}\cdot {\mathrm{f}}_{\mathrm{yd}}\cdot {\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{Bleche}}$$

k1 = 1,70

für den Rundschnitt im Abstand 0,5 d vom Stützenrand

k1 = 1,35

für den Rundschnitt im Abstand 1,25 d vom Stützenrand

k1 = 1,00

für Rundschnitte im Abstand ≥ 2,0 d vom Stützenrand

u_i

Umfang des Rundschnitts im betrachteten Nachweisschnitt

f_yd

Bemessungswert der Streckgrenze des Blechteils

b_Blech

kleinste Stegbreite des Blechteils

t_Blech

Dicke des Blechteils

n_Bleche

Anzahl der Stahlbleche im betrachteten Rundschnitt

Where:

V _Ed

the design values of the actions acting on the component

β

according to DIN 1045-1, picture 44 or DAfStb booklet 525, section 10.5.3

v _{Rd, sy, Z}

the puncture resistance of the sheet metal parts $${\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Rd}.\mathrm{sy}.\mathrm{Z}}=\mathrm{k}\mathrm{1}\cdot {\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{Rd}.\mathrm{ct}}\cdot {\mathrm{u}}_{\mathrm{i}}+{\mathrm{b}}_{\mathrm{sheet}}\cdot {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{sheet}}\cdot {\mathrm{f}}_{\mathrm{yd}}\cdot {\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{sheets}}$$

k1 = 1.70

for the round cut at a distance of 0.5 d from the support edge

k1 = 1.35

for the round cut at a distance of 1.25 d from the support edge

k1 = 1.00

for round cuts at a distance of ≥ 2.0 d from the support edge

u _i

Scope of the round section in the relevant evidence section

f _yd

Design value of the yield strength of the sheet metal part

b _{sheet metal}

smallest web width of the sheet metal part

t _{sheet metal}

Thickness of the sheet metal part

n _sheets

Number of steel sheets in the considered round section

A thus configured reinforced concrete component has at least as high a punching performance than all comparable known solutions in the prior art.

• Der Abstand eines Blechs zum vorherigen oder nächsten Rundschnitt sollte 0,75 d nicht überschreiten.
• Der kleinste Abstand zweier Bleche sollte 3 cm nicht unterschreiten.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the distances of the plates in the direction of the loaded surface (support) outgoing radii sr (radial direction) do not exceed the following values:

• The distance of one sheet to the previous or next round cut should not exceed 0.75 d.
• The smallest distance between two sheets should not be less than 3 cm.

i

Nummer des Rundschnitts

d

statische Bauteilhöhe

In addition, the distances between the sheets in the direction of the course of the round sections s _t (tangential direction) are advantageously within the following values: $${\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{t}}\le \mathrm{0}.\mathrm{75}\times \mathrm{d}\times \mathrm{0}.\mathrm{8th}\times \mathrm{i}\le \mathrm{3}.\mathrm{5}\times \mathrm{d}$$

i

Number of the round section

d

static component height

Thus, according to the invention, the largest load capacities are achieved.

In a method according to the invention for producing a reinforced concrete component, it is provided that sheet metal parts are first threaded onto the lowermost layer of the longitudinal reinforcement. The sheet metal parts are then upwards because they enclose the recesses of the longitudinal reinforcement form fit and prevent tipping over. The sheet metal parts protrude to the upper longitudinal reinforcement layer or beyond. Then the reinforcement is poured in a batch with concrete. After hardening of the concrete, the reinforced concrete component is finished and loadable.

Alternatively, a threading of the sheet metal parts on the uppermost layer of the longitudinal reinforcement is possible. The sheet metal parts then hang down and protrude to the lower longitudinal reinforcement layer. After casting with the concrete, the reinforced concrete component according to the invention is also finished.

Particularly advantageous is the casting with the concrete in two steps. In this case, for example, after threading the sheet metal parts to the bottom layer of the longitudinal reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement are shed with the bleaching parts (at least in a thickness of 5 cm) and transported to the site after curing. Here, the installation of the upper longitudinal reinforcement layer as well as the filling with concrete, until the desired ceiling thickness is reached. After the concrete has hardened, the reinforced concrete component according to the invention is ready.

Fig. 1

einen Auschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Stahlbetonbauteils;

Fig. 2a

eine Vorderansicht eines Blechteils;

Fig. 2b

eine Seitenansicht eines Blechteils;

Fig. 2c

eine Draufsicht eines Blechteils;

Fig. 3

Ausschnitt einer Verteilung von Blechteilen in einem erfindungsgemäßen Stahlbetonbauteil;

Fig. 4

Bewehrungsanordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Stahlbetonbauteils

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a section of a reinforced concrete component according to the invention;

Fig. 2a

a front view of a sheet metal part;

Fig. 2b

a side view of a sheet metal part;

Fig. 2c

a plan view of a sheet metal part;

Fig. 3

Section of a distribution of sheet metal parts in a reinforced concrete component according to the invention;

Fig. 4

Reinforcement arrangement of a reinforced concrete component according to the invention

Fig. 1 shows a section of a reinforced concrete component 1, which has on the concrete component surfaces O formed from reinforcing bars S upper reinforcement layer Bo and a lower reinforcement layer Bu. To increase the puncture resistance and the transverse force capacity, a trapezoidal sheet metal part 10 encloses the upper and lower reinforcement layer Bo, Bu. The sheet metal part 10 is arranged in a direction parallel to the reinforcement and at right angles to the concrete component surface O.

The ends of the flat sheet metal part 10 horizontally angled bends 41, 42 enclose the upper reinforcement layer Bo and the lower reinforcement layer Bu. By located in the lower region 15 recesses 30 reinforcing rods S are performed, whereby the sheet metal part 10 is connected to the lower reinforcement layer Bu and secured in its position relative to this.

The upper edge 41 is guided in the present example on the upper reinforcement layer Bu and surrounds this. According to the invention, this is not absolutely necessary, it would also be sufficient to lead the fold 41 up to the same height of the upper reinforcement layer Bo. The composite effect also transfers the transverse forces from the upper reinforcement layer Bo via the flat sheet metal part 10 to the lower reinforcement layer Bu.

FIG. 2a shows a side view of a sheet metal part 10 according to the invention for use in a reinforced concrete component. The sheet metal part 10 has as the main part 12 a simple flat, trapezoidal body made of structural steel, which has two recesses 30, in the form of holes, in its lower region 15. The rebar S is passed through the anchoring means, which are formed as circular recesses 30. The upper edge 41 is designed substantially perpendicular to the component 12. Here it is also clearly visible that the lower fold 42 engages behind a reinforcing rod S.

FIG. 2b shows a front view of the sheet metal part 10. It can be seen that from the lower end 15 to the upper end 14 of the flat main body 12 of the sheet metal part 10 tapers. The folds 41, 42 are designed substantially parallel to each other. Circular recesses 30 form anchoring means for receiving reinforcing rods S. In this case, the recesses 30 are arranged substantially symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the trapezoidal sheet metal part 10.

Figure 2c shows a plan view of the sheet metal part 10, where it can be seen that the lower fold 42 also recesses 32 has. The recesses 32 improve the composite effect of the sheet metal part 10 in the reinforced concrete component 1 considerably. In the case of the upper bend 41, a recess 32 is dispensed with in the present exemplary embodiment. However, the upper bend 41 may also have recesses according to the invention.

In the FIGS. 2a to 2c is also easy to see that in the upper region 14, the formed fold 41 is angled backwards, while in the lower region 15, the fold 42 is formed forward. The sheet metal part 10 thus has a substantially Z-shaped cross-section. In this case, the upper bend 41 is equal to the bending tensile reinforcement, while the lower fold 42 is formed in the bending pressure zone, in which it generates together with the durchgefädelten reinforcing steel rods S a slip-anchoring of the punching reinforcement.

FIG. 3 shows a section of a reinforced concrete component according to the invention, with a plurality of sheet metal parts 10. The lower fold 42 engages behind the outermost layer of the lower reinforcement Bu. Reinforcing bars S are thereby consecutively guided by the respective recesses 30 of a sheet metal part 10. In this embodiment, it is also shown that the upper bends 41 need not necessarily be performed completely over the upper reinforcement layer Bo. It is already sufficient if the sheet metal part 10 with the respective bends up to and not over the reinforcement layers Bo, Bu is performed.

FIG. 4 shows an inventive reinforced concrete component with a plurality of arranged sheet metal parts. It can be seen that the sheet metal parts are arranged uniformly around a region K. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen that the sheet metal parts 10 are arranged parallel to one another.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways.

All of the claims, the description and the drawings resulting features and advantages, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps may be essential to the invention both in itself and in a variety of combinations.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Bo

upper reinforcement layer

Bu

lower reinforcement layer

S

rebar

K

concentration range

O

Concrete component surface

1

Steel or prestressed concrete component

10

reinforcement component

12

Bulk

14

upper area

15

lower area

30

recess

32

recesses

40

fold

41

upper fold

42

lower fold

50

reinforcement arrangement

Claims (8)

1. Reinforced concrete component (1) comprising at least an upper (Bo) and at least a lower (Bu) longitudinal reinforcement layer and a shear force reinforcement (Q), wherein it is guided in its expansion beyond the most upper (Bo) and the lowest (Bu) longitudinal reinforcement, as well as of at least 20 trapeze or triangle-shaped sheet metal parts (10) manufactured from structural steel in a free-falling method, characterized in that

   • that each sheet metal part (10) has a Z-shaped edge (41, 42) at its two ends in the cross section, wherein the edges (41, 42) are aligned essentially parallel to each other, essentially perpendicular to the sheet metal part (10), as well as in opposite direction, and

   • that two circular recesses (30) are formed at the wider end of the sheet metal part near the edge (42),

   • through each of which, a longitudinal reinforced bar (S) is guided,

   • wherein the sheet metal part (10) encompasses at least one reinforced bar (S) of the upper (Bo) and one of the lower longitudinal reinforcement layer (Bu) with the edges (41, 42).
2. Reinforced concrete component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges (41, 42) are formed with additional recesses (32).
3. Reinforced concrete component (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that each sheet metal part (10) has a thickness of 3 mm or 5 mm.
4. Reinforced concrete component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet metal parts (10) are evenly arranged around an area (K).
5. Reinforced concrete component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet metal parts (10) are arranged parallel to each other.
6. Method of making a reinforced concrete component (1) in accordance with the invention of claim 1 comprising the following steps:

   - Threading the sheet metal parts (10) onto the lowest layer (Bu) of the longitudinal reinforcement (S)

   - Sheet metal parts (10) stand upwards and extend to the upper reinforcement layer (Bo)

   - Sealing with concrete
7. Method of making a reinforced concrete component (1) in accordance with the invention of claim 1 comprising the following steps:

   - Threading the sheet metal parts (10) onto the most upper layer (Bo) of the longitudinal reinforcement (S)

   - Sheet metal parts (10) hang downwards and extend to the lower reinforcement layer (Bu)

   - Sealing with concrete
8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the sealing with concrete is made in two steps.

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