EP2449238B1 - Appareil et procédé de commande d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de commande d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2449238B1
EP2449238B1 EP10720183.2A EP10720183A EP2449238B1 EP 2449238 B1 EP2449238 B1 EP 2449238B1 EP 10720183 A EP10720183 A EP 10720183A EP 2449238 B1 EP2449238 B1 EP 2449238B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection valve
internal combustion
combustion engine
valve
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP10720183.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2449238A1 (fr
Inventor
Helerson Kemmer
Holger Rapp
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2449238A1 publication Critical patent/EP2449238A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a computer program, an electrical storage medium and a control and / or regulating device.
  • Object of the present invention is to develop a method of the type mentioned, which further optimizes the fuel injection via the injectors.
  • an opening delay time of the injection valve is determined.
  • individual, differing inaccuracies of the valve elements, a valve seat and possibly also a magnet armature are taken into account, which lead to the opening delay time being subject to tolerances.
  • the basic structure of the actuated by the electromagnetic actuator injectors is not relevant to the inventive method, i. the valve elements can both be firmly connected to the armature, or they can have a magnetic armature, which has a certain axial play with respect to the valve element.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the idea of determining that actuation duration at which a stroke movement of the valve element is no longer or just not possible and the valve thus remains closed. Thus, there is no valve opening time and no closing time.
  • the thus determined activation duration corresponds to the opening delay time, which can be regarded as constant irrespective of the actual activation duration during the driving operation in the simplest case.
  • the closing of the injection valve can be easily determined by various known methods, for example by means of sensors and / or by analysis of electrical or electromagnetic parameters. Some of these are already implemented to control and regulate the injectors. This therefore does not represent an additional cost factor.
  • the inventive method is particularly effective when the drive time is successively reduced until a closing of the injector just can not be determined, or the drive time is successively increased until a closing of the injector can be determined, and that the opening delay time for the Injection valve is determined from the time from the start of control until the last time or first closing.
  • a greater temporal jump can be made in the vicinity of the critical point and then approach the critical activation duration in small steps, in which the lifting and closing movement of the valve element is just recognized or straight again is not recognized. It can be taken into account that with a minimal opening of the valve element, the closing can not be diagnosed and thus the diagnosed actuation time deviates from an exact value.
  • the determined value of the activation duration can be correspondingly corrected by empirically found adaptation values, for example from a test or test field. It is also conceivable to approach the critical activation duration from both sides and then to form the exact critical activation time from both determined values according to a predetermined algorithm (for example by forming an average value).
  • the electrical operating variable is a time derivative (gradient) of a voltage of a magnetic coil of the electromagnetic actuator, and that is concluded from a minimum of the gradient on a closing of the injection valve.
  • the decaying electrical voltage of the electromagnetic actuator is influenced by a change in the mutual induction caused by the change in movement of the valve element, so that it comes to a saddle-like voltage curve, wherein the inflection point of the course corresponds to the touchdown point of the valve element.
  • the time derivative (gradient) of the voltage curve is advantageous because the saddle-like course is transformed into an easily diagnosed minimum.
  • the first occurring minimum is to be considered after completion of the drive time, since, for example, by bouncing the valve element or the anchor later more minima can be generated.
  • the implementation of the derivation of the voltage curve is possible in the control and / or regulating device easily and at low cost.
  • the method is repeated (for example in each case after a specific operating time or a certain number of operating cycles) during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the method can be carried out during operation of the internal combustion engine with multiple injections, in which case the change in the activation duration is carried out only in a single injection and compensated by changes in the control period of at least one other individual injection substantially torque and / or exhaust gas neutral. This means that the method does not disturb the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the method may also be performed in a coasting operation of the engine with a late firing angle.
  • This has the advantage that, for example, a fuel pressure can be freely varied as needed for a determination of the pressure dependence of the opening delay time.
  • the injection time can be increased gradually from the safe non-opening state of the injection valve to the first opening. Thus, an impairment on the exhaust gas is minimal. If the activation is assigned a later firing angle, the combustion of the injected fuel takes place substantially neutral in terms of torque. This measure also serves to ensure that normal operation of the internal combustion engine is not hindered by the method.
  • the knowledge of the exact opening delay time makes it possible to take this into account in a control and / or regulation of the injection valve.
  • the fuel metering and the overall control and / or regulation of the fuel injection can be further refined (cf formula (1)).
  • the dispersion of the injection amount from one injection valve to the other is - when the opening delay time is determined for all injectors of an internal combustion engine - reduced, which saves fuel and causes a homogenization of the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the method be carried out for different fuel pressures and that a characteristic map be formed from the results of the method. This can then be used for example for a controlled or controlled operation of the fuel injection valves.
  • An internal combustion engine carries in FIG. 1 overall, the reference numeral 10. It comprises a tank 12 from which a conveyor system 14 promotes fuel in a common rail 16. To this several injectors 18a to 18d are connected, which inject the fuel directly into them associated combustion chambers 20a to 20d. The operation of the internal combustion engine 10 is controlled or regulated by a control and regulating device 22 which, among other things, also controls the injection valves 18a to 18d.
  • the injection valve 18a is shown in greater detail. It comprises an electromagnetic actuator 24, which in turn comprises an electromagnetic coil 26 and a magnet armature 30 on a valve needle 28.
  • the armature 30 is presently firmly connected to the valve needle 28. It is also possible that there is a certain axial play between magnet armature 30 and valve needle 28.
  • the injection valve 18a basically operates as follows:
  • the injection valve 18a is in FIG. 2 shown in a closed state, ie, the valve needle 28 abuts against a valve seat 32.
  • an electrical voltage (“drive voltage”) is applied to an actuation of the armature 30 via the control of the control and regulating device 22 and an output stage, which energizes the coil 26 and the valve needle 28 with appropriate strength and duration from the valve seat 32 lifts.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of such a control of the injection valve 18a (as an exemplary example) and the effect on an opening time of the injector 18 over time.
  • the FIG. 3 consists of two diagrams, the upper diagram shows the timing of a drive current I and the lower diagram shows the resulting stroke H of the injection valve 18 a.
  • the course of the drive current I in the upper diagram shows an initially rapid increase (see reference numeral 40), which is then kept constant over a certain period of time, in order then to drop by about half (see reference numeral 42). This current level is maintained until the end of the control period t i .
  • the end of the activation period t i is characterized in that the current I is switched off (see reference numeral 44).
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show three scenarios when operating the injector 18 at different drive durations t i .
  • Each figure shows three diagrams.
  • the upper diagram shows in each case the course of the drive current I
  • the middle diagram shows the course of the valve lift H
  • the lower diagram shows the course of a temporally first derivative ("time gradient") of the coil voltage after completion of the control decaying voltage UM to the solenoid 26 ,
  • FIG. 4 shows a scenario as it takes place, for example, in a normal operation.
  • the drive current I and the stroke H of the valve needle 28 correspond to the known, procedure described above.
  • the course of the first derivative of the voltage U M has a minimum 50 which marks the time at which the valve needle 28 is placed in the valve seat 32.
  • the minimum 50 is due to a change in the voltage curve at the magnetic coil 26, which has a saddle-like course at the time of placement of the valve needle 28. This comes from the change in movement when placing the valve needle 28 and the associated change in the mutual induction in the solenoid 26th
  • FIG. 5 shows a scenario with a slightly shortened drive time t i . Due to the short duration of the activation duration t i , the maximum stroke of the valve needle 28 is no longer reached. As a result, the valve opening duration T op is shortened. By placing the valve needle 26 in the valve seat 32, the course of the first derivative of the voltage U M again has the minimum 50.
  • FIG. 6 is the Anberichtdauer t i further shortened, in such a way that the valve needle 26 can no longer lift out of the valve seat 32.
  • the course of the first derivative of the voltage U M has no minimum.
  • the opening delay time t 11 can be determined by the principle of a successive shortening of the activation period. An accurate knowledge of the opening delay time t 11 enables the control and regulation of the single-point valves 18a to 18d and thereby to refine the entire injection method.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne (10), avec lequel le carburant parvient dans au moins une chambre de combustion (20) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un injecteur (18) comprenant un dispositif d'actionnement électromagnétique (24), caractérisé en ce qu'une grandeur opérationnelle électrique de l'injecteur (18), laquelle caractérise une fermeture d'un élément de vanne (28) de l'injecteur (18), est analysée pendant différentes durées d'excitation de l'injecteur (18), en ce que la durée d'excitation à laquelle une fermeture de l'élément de vanne (28) peut encore tout juste ou peut seulement à peine être détectée est déterminée et en ce que le temps de retard d'ouverture de l'injecteur (18) est déterminé à partir de cette durée d'excitation.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la durée d'excitation est réduite successivement jusqu'à ce qu'une fermeture de l'injecteur (18) ne puisse à peine plus être constatée, ou la durée d'excitation est augmentée successivement jusqu'à ce qu'une fermeture de l'injecteur (18) puisse être constatée, et en ce que le temps de retard d'ouverture de l'injecteur (18) est déterminé à partir de la durée entre le début de l'excitation et la dernière ou la première fermeture.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur opérationnelle électrique est un gradient temporel d'une tension d'une bobine (26) du dispositif d'actionnement électromagnétique (24), et en ce qu'une fermeture de l'injecteur (18) est déduite à partir d'un minimum-du gradient.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le procédé est mis en oeuvre de manière répétitive pendant le fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne (10).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre pendant un fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne (10) avec des injections multiples, la modification de la durée d'excitation étant effectuée lors d'une injection individuelle et étant compensée pour l'essentiel de manière neutre par rapport au couple et/ou aux gaz d'échappement en modifiant la durée d'excitation d'au moins une autre injection individuelle.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre dans un mode de poussée du moteur à combustion interne (10) avec un angle d'allumage en retard.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le temps de retard d'ouverture est fixé égal à la durée d'excitation lors du dernier ou du premier mouvement constaté de l'élément de vanne (28).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le temps de retard d'ouverture déterminé est pris en compte lors d'une commande et/ou d'une régulation de l'injecteur (18).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas d'un moteur à combustion interne (10) comportant plusieurs injecteurs (18), le retard d'ouverture est déterminé pour tous les injecteurs (18).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre pour différentes pressions de carburant et un diagramme caractéristique est formé à partir des résultats du procédé.
  11. Programme informatique, caractérisé en ce qu'il est programmé pour une application dans un procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  12. Support d'enregistrement électrique pour un dispositif de commande et/ou de régulation (22) d'un moteur à combustion interne (10), caractérisé que sur celui-ci est enregistré un programme informatique destiné à une application dans un procédé des revendications 1 à 10.
  13. Dispositif de commande et/ou de régulation (22) d'un moteur à combustion interne (10), caractérisé qu'il est programmé pour une application dans un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10.
EP10720183.2A 2009-06-30 2010-06-01 Appareil et procédé de commande d'un moteur à combustion interne Active EP2449238B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910027311 DE102009027311A1 (de) 2009-06-30 2009-06-30 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
PCT/EP2010/057647 WO2011000650A1 (fr) 2009-06-30 2010-06-01 Procédé et dispositif permettant de faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2449238A1 EP2449238A1 (fr) 2012-05-09
EP2449238B1 true EP2449238B1 (fr) 2017-04-26

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EP10720183.2A Active EP2449238B1 (fr) 2009-06-30 2010-06-01 Appareil et procédé de commande d'un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9026342B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2449238B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5784013B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102472187B (fr)
DE (1) DE102009027311A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011000650A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5784013B2 (ja) 2015-09-24
DE102009027311A1 (de) 2011-01-05
US20120166069A1 (en) 2012-06-28
CN102472187B (zh) 2014-11-12
EP2449238A1 (fr) 2012-05-09
WO2011000650A1 (fr) 2011-01-06
US9026342B2 (en) 2015-05-05
CN102472187A (zh) 2012-05-23
JP2012531561A (ja) 2012-12-10

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