EP2433014B1 - Fan blade - Google Patents

Fan blade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2433014B1
EP2433014B1 EP10724699.3A EP10724699A EP2433014B1 EP 2433014 B1 EP2433014 B1 EP 2433014B1 EP 10724699 A EP10724699 A EP 10724699A EP 2433014 B1 EP2433014 B1 EP 2433014B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan blade
outer shell
blade
fan
support element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10724699.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2433014A1 (en
Inventor
Henrik Witt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
W & S Management & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
W & S Management & Co KG GmbH
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Priority to PL10724699T priority Critical patent/PL2433014T3/en
Publication of EP2433014A1 publication Critical patent/EP2433014A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2433014B1 publication Critical patent/EP2433014B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/388—Blades characterised by construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/321—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
    • F04D29/324—Blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/403—Casings; Connections of working fluid especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fan blade, in particular for smoke extraction fans, with fastening means for fastening the fan blade to a fan hub and with a blade section.
  • fans In general, fans consist of their basic construction of a fan hub to which a number of fan blades is mounted radially. The attachment of the fan blades by means of fasteners such. B. bolts. See for example US 2 342 421 A1 ,
  • fan blades can be massively made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • a disadvantage of fan blades made of aluminum is their limited Usability at temperatures above about 300 ° C. Because the tensile strength of aluminum decreases sharply at the temperatures mentioned, so that the aluminum begins to flow gradually. Even special aluminum alloys do not significantly improve this inadequacy. As a result of this detrimental property of aluminum, fan blades can change shape and / or length at high temperatures, such as may occur in fires, so as to severely impair or even prohibit proper use in fires.
  • this object is achieved in a fan blade of the type mentioned in that it has the feature combination of claim 1.
  • the blade section has a cavity enclosing the outer jacket. It is thus provided that the blade section of the fan blade is not solid throughout, as in the prior art. This results directly in a material and mass savings.
  • a carrier element is arranged according to the invention in the cavity.
  • the carrier element is integrally formed with the fastening means.
  • the unit of the fastening means and the carrier element arranged in the cavity of the blade section can advantageously absorb all tensile forces during operation.
  • the outer shell of the blade section fulfills according to this advantageous embodiment of this invention predominantly aerodynamic functions.
  • a material optimized for the purpose of tensile fastening of the fan blade to the fan hub can be selected, and at the same time, irrespective of this, a material optimized for the aerodynamic shaping of the fan blade can be selected.
  • the carrier element may advantageously be selected from a material with high hot tensile strength, hot tensile strength and good creep behavior at high temperatures.
  • a light outer shell of the fan blade for example made of a suitable steel alloy, can be selected, without thereby impairing the overall strength of the fan blades.
  • a suitable steel alloy for example made of a suitable steel alloy
  • other materials or alloys, for example based on titanium can also be used.
  • the carrier element is essentially made of a steel alloy and / or a titanium alloy
  • the advantage in a particularly favorable embodiment of the invention is that the hot tensile strength and the creep behavior of the fan blade are especially big. This is the case in particular with steel alloys. Because the hot tensile strength and the creep behavior of steel are even at temperatures above, for example, 300 ° C excellent. In particular, the hot tensile strength at the temperatures mentioned is much better than that of aluminum.
  • the carrier element is modularly configured from a plurality of individual elements that can be connected to one another in particular by a plug connection.
  • the modular design of the carrier element enables a particularly cost-effective production based on standardized individual components, which are adaptable to different fan types.
  • the modular design also allows manufacturing technology, the use of standardized components for a variety of fan blades, especially in terms of length.
  • the carrier element has one or more adapted to a shape of the outer sheath profile chords.
  • a profile shape of the fan blade can be realized in this way production technology by positive bending of the outer shell to the chords. Maintaining the aerodynamic profile of the fan blade even at high temperatures is therefore ensured with advantage.
  • the cavity is configured with a foam-like filling compound.
  • the foam-like filling material should expediently have a low mass or density.
  • the outer sheath to maintain the aerodynamic profile in this way be supported by the foam-like filling material according to the invention. Bumping of the outer shell in areas, for example between chords of the support member is therefore effectively avoided.
  • the fact that the cavity is filled with a foam-like filling compound is also avoided with advantage, that liquids accumulate in the cavity. The accumulation of liquids in the cavity would undesirably increase the effective mass of the fan blade.
  • the vibration behavior and the damping of the blade are improved by the foaming. All this is effectively prevented by filling the cavity with the foam-like filling compound.
  • a foam which can be stirred from two components has proved to be suitable as the filling compound.
  • the outer jacket is provided in another embodiment of the invention with at least one through hole in the cavity inside, there results a further favorable embodiment of the invention.
  • the bore is attached to the radially outer end of the fan blade, any liquid entering the cavity will be carried out of the cavity during operation by the centrifugal force. An undesirable increase in the mass of the fan blade by condensate accumulated in the interior and an increased risk of corrosion are thereby advantageously avoided.
  • the attachment of a bore at the radially inner end of the fan blade in particular allows a review of internal welds, such as endoscopic procedures. This is advantageous if a welding of the outer shell to the carrier element is present.
  • the outer shell is provided on the cavity side with a corrosion protection and / or is essentially made of a steel alloy. Both measures, alone or in combination, cause a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance of the outer jacket. This in turn allows the design of the outer shell thin-walled make. For example, a material thickness of the outer shell of 1 mm suffice.
  • the outer shell of two or more interconnected plate-like shell elements.
  • the torsional strength of the fan blade according to the invention is improved in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, when the outer jacket is provided on the outside with stiffening elements for stiffening the fan blade (6).
  • the stiffening means can be arranged in another embodiment of the invention on a pressure side and / or on a negative pressure side of the outer shell.
  • the stiffening means may be more pronounced on the negative pressure side than on the overpressure side.
  • FIG. 1 a steel girder scaffold 1 is shown in a perspective view.
  • the steel girder 1 is constructed of a total of three chords 2.
  • the chords 2 are connected via two transverse struts 3 with each other by a plug connection.
  • the chords are connected to each other by the cross braces 3, that a twist of the profile of one of the steel support frame 1 by applying an outer shell on peripheral edges 4 of the chord 2 made fan blade is generated.
  • the standing in the figure in the foreground chord 2 is integrally connected to a mounting bolt 5. This is in FIG. 1 not visible.
  • the fastening bolt 5 is used to attach the fan blade with the in FIG. 1 shown steel girder 1 in a fan hub, not shown.
  • FIG. 2 a fan blade 6 according to the invention is shown.
  • the fan blade 6 has on the radial inside the fastening bolt 5, which already in connection with FIG. 1 was mentioned.
  • the fan blade 6 has a blade section 7.
  • the blade section 7 consists of an outer casing 8.
  • the outer casing 8 is made of a number of individual plates made of steel with a material thickness of 1 mm.
  • the steel plates are mounted on the peripheral edges 4 of the chord 2 of the steel girder frame 1 by welding.
  • the outer jacket 8 encloses in this way a cavity.
  • the cavity is partially filled with the steel girder 1.
  • the remaining cavity can be filled with a filling compound.
  • the radial plan view according to part (b) of FIG. 2 shows the aerodynamic profile of the fan blade 6 particularly clear. It can also be seen that a base plate 9 separates the blade section 7 from the fastening bolt 5.
  • the fastening bolt 5 extends through the base plate 9.
  • the steel girder 1 is preferably made of steel.
  • the outer jacket 8 may be made of a steel alloy.
  • an endoscope bore 13 may be present radially inward in the outer jacket 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a fan blade according to the invention.
  • the representation and the basic structure correspond essentially to those of FIG. 2 , Said blade 6 according to FIG. 3 However, is additionally provided with support plates 10, 11.
  • the support plates 10, 11 are substantially perpendicular to the base plate 9.
  • the support plates 10, 11 with its other edge substantially perpendicular to the surface of the outer jacket 8.
  • the support plates 10, 11 are thus oriented substantially radially, but to the Outer jacket 8 of the blade portion 7 is rotated substantially rotated by 90 °.
  • the overpressure-side support plate 11 is stronger than the vacuum-side support plate 10.
  • the support plates 10, 11 may also be connected.
  • the fan blade 6 according to the invention is characterized in that a outer casing 8, for example made of a steel alloy, is welded onto a steel girder frame 1. The welding takes place along the peripheral edges 4 of the chords 2 of the steel girder frame 1. In this way, the outer shell 8 surrounds a cavity in which the steel girder 1 is arranged. The remaining cavity can be filled with a filler according to the invention. Obtained in the manner described in the context of the invention, a special lightweight, material-saving producible yet tensile design of a fan blade.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ventilatorschaufel, insbesondere für Entrauchungsventilatoren, mit Befestigungsmitteln zum Befestigen der Ventilatorschaufel an einer Ventilatornabe sowie mit einem Schaufelabschnitt.The present invention relates to a fan blade, in particular for smoke extraction fans, with fastening means for fastening the fan blade to a fan hub and with a blade section.

Ventilatoren für U-Bahn oder Tunnel und/oder geschlossene Fahrzeuggebäude wie z. B. Tiefgaragen müssen über sehr lange Standzeiten bei unterschiedlichsten Last- und Umgebungsbedingungen zuverlässig arbeiten. Typisch ist die Installation von Ventilatoren in U-Bahnen oder Tunneln oder Tiefgaragen für einen Betrieb über mehrere Jahre oder Jahrzehnte ausgelegt. Insbesondere beim Einsatz von Ventilatoren als Entrauchungsventilator in U-Bahnen oder Tunneln bestehen seitens des Metro- oder Tunnelbetreibers Anforderungen an die Betreibbarkeit des Ventilators bei hohen Temperaturen, wie sie insbesondere in Brandfällen auftreten. Die Anforderungen sind zum Teil gesetzlich vorgegeben. Andererseits besteht, wie allgemein üblich, das Bestreben, Ventilatoren möglichst günstig und materialsparend herzustellen.Fans for subway or tunnel and / or closed vehicle buildings such. B. Underground garages must work reliably over very long service lives under varying load and environmental conditions. Typically, the installation of fans in subways or tunnels or underground car parks is designed for operation over several years or decades. In particular, when using fans as smoke extraction fans in subways or tunnels, the metro or tunnel operator has requirements for the operability of the ventilator at high temperatures, such as occur especially in cases of fire. The requirements are partly prescribed by law. On the other hand, there is, as is common practice, the desire to produce fans as low as possible and save material.

Allgemein bestehen Ventilatoren ihrem Grundaufbau nach aus einer Ventilatornabe, an welcher radial eine Anzahl Ventilatorschaufeln angebracht ist. Die Befestigung der Ventilatorschaufeln erfolgt anhand von Befestigungsmitteln wie z. B. Bolzen. Siehe dazu zum Beispiel US 2 342 421 A1 .In general, fans consist of their basic construction of a fan hub to which a number of fan blades is mounted radially. The attachment of the fan blades by means of fasteners such. B. bolts. See for example US 2 342 421 A1 ,

Vor dem Hintergrund der geschilderten allgemeinen Anforderungen an Ventilatoren sind unterschiedliche Ventilatorschaufeln denkbar. Um die Masse gering zu halten, können Ventilatorschaufeln massiv aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt werden. Nachteilig an aus Aluminium gefertigten Ventilatorschaufeln ist jedoch deren begrenzte Einsetzbarkeit bei Temperaturen oberhalb etwa 300°C. Denn die Zugfestigkeit von Aluminium nimmt bei den genannten Temperaturen stark ab, so dass das Aluminium allmählich zu fließen beginnt. Selbst spezielle Aluminium-Legierungenvermögen diese Unzulänglichkeit nicht wesentlich zu verbessern. Als Folge dieser nachteiligen Eigenschaft von Aluminium können Ventilatorschaufeln bei hohen Temperaturen, wie sie beispielsweise bei Bränden auftreten können, ihre Form und/oder Länge verändern, um so einen bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch bei Bränden stark zu beeinträchtigen oder gar unmöglich zu machen.Against the background of the described general requirements for fans different fan blades are conceivable. In order to keep the mass low, fan blades can be massively made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A disadvantage of fan blades made of aluminum, however, is their limited Usability at temperatures above about 300 ° C. Because the tensile strength of aluminum decreases sharply at the temperatures mentioned, so that the aluminum begins to flow gradually. Even special aluminum alloys do not significantly improve this inadequacy. As a result of this detrimental property of aluminum, fan blades can change shape and / or length at high temperatures, such as may occur in fires, so as to severely impair or even prohibit proper use in fires.

Aufgrund dieser Unzulänglichkeit von aus Aluminium gefertigten Ventilatorschaufeln werden im Stand der Technik für Entrauchungsventilatoren bei hohen Belastungen, also bei hohen Drehzahlen und/oder bei großen Schaufellängen, massiv aus Stahl gefertigte Ventilatorschaufeln verwendet. Ventilatorschaufeln aus Stahl haben jedoch den Nachteil, eine sehr hohe Masse zu haben und wegen des großen Materialeinsatzes teuer in der Herstellung zu sein.Due to this inadequacy of fan blades made of aluminum, solid fan blades made of steel are used in the prior art for smoke extraction fans at high loads, ie at high speeds and / or at large blade lengths. Steel fan blades, however, have the disadvantage of having a very high mass and being expensive to produce because of the large amount of material used.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Ventilatorschaufel der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welche auch bei hohen Temperaturen, wie sie z. B. bei Tunnelbränden auftreten können, ohne Einschränkung einsetzbar sind, ohne dabei eine unerwünscht hohe Masse aufzuweisen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fan blade of the type mentioned, which also at high temperatures, as z. B. may occur in tunnel fires can be used without restriction, without having an undesirably high mass.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Ventilatorschaufel der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass sie die Merkmalskombination des Patentanspruchs 1 aufweist. Insbesondere weist der Schaufelabschnitt einen Hohlraum einschließenden Außenmantel auf. Es ist also vorgesehen, dass der Schaufelabschnitt der Ventilatorschaufel nicht durchgehend massiv ist, wie im Stand der Technik. Dadurch ergibt sich unmittelbar eine Material- und Masseneinsparung.According to the invention this object is achieved in a fan blade of the type mentioned in that it has the feature combination of claim 1. In particular, the blade section has a cavity enclosing the outer jacket. It is thus provided that the blade section of the fan blade is not solid throughout, as in the prior art. This results directly in a material and mass savings.

Um die Stabilität der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorschaufel, insbesondere deren Zugfestigkeit, zu verbessern, ist gemäß der Erfindung in dem Hohlraum ein Trägerelement angeordnet.In order to improve the stability of the fan blade according to the invention, in particular its tensile strength, a carrier element is arranged according to the invention in the cavity.

Insbesondere ist in weiterer bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung das Trägerelement einteilig mit den Befestigungsmitteln ausgeformt. Auf diese Weise kann die Einheit aus den Befestigungsmitteln und dem im Hohlraum des Schaufelabschnitts angeordneten Trägerelement mit Vorteil im Betrieb alle Zugkräfte aufnehmen. Der Außenmantel des Schaufelabschnitts erfüllt gemäß dieser vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung dieser Erfindung überwiegend aerodynamische Funktionen. Mit Vorteil kann auf diese Weise ein für die Zwecke der zugfesten Befestigung der Ventilatorschaufel an der Ventilatornabe optimierter Werkstoff ausgewählt werden und gleichzeitig kann, unabhängig davon, ein für die aerodynamische Formgebung der Ventilatorschaufel optimierter Werkstoff gewählt werden. Insbesondere kann mit Vorteil das Trägerelement aus einem Werkstoff mit hoher WarmzugfestigkeitWarmzugfestigkeit und gutem Zeitstandverhalten bei hohen Temperaturen gewählt werden. Erfindungsgemäß kann gleichzeitig ein leichter Außenmantel der Ventilatorschaufel, beispielsweise aus einer geeigneten Stahllegierung, gewählt werden, ohne dass dadurch die Festigkeit der Ventilatorschaufeln insgesamt beeinträchtigt wird. Im Rahmen der Erfindung können aber auch andere Werkstoffe oder Legierungen, beispielsweise auf Basis von Titan, verwendet werden.In particular, in further preferred embodiments of the invention, the carrier element is integrally formed with the fastening means. In this way, the unit of the fastening means and the carrier element arranged in the cavity of the blade section can advantageously absorb all tensile forces during operation. The outer shell of the blade section fulfills according to this advantageous embodiment of this invention predominantly aerodynamic functions. Advantageously, in this way a material optimized for the purpose of tensile fastening of the fan blade to the fan hub can be selected, and at the same time, irrespective of this, a material optimized for the aerodynamic shaping of the fan blade can be selected. In particular, the carrier element may advantageously be selected from a material with high hot tensile strength, hot tensile strength and good creep behavior at high temperatures. According to the invention, at the same time a light outer shell of the fan blade, for example made of a suitable steel alloy, can be selected, without thereby impairing the overall strength of the fan blades. In the context of the invention, however, other materials or alloys, for example based on titanium, can also be used.

Wenn das Trägerelement im Wesentlichen aus einer Stahllegierung und/oder einer Titanlegierung hergestellt ist, ergibt sich in besonders günstiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung der Vorteil, dass die Warmzugfestigkeit und das Zeitstandverhalten der Ventilatorschaufel besonders groß sind. Dies ist insbesondere bei Stahllegierungen der Fall. Denn die Warmzugfestigkeit und das Zeitstandverhalten von Stahl sind auch bei Temperaturen oberhalb von beispielsweise 300°C ausgezeichnet. Insbesondere ist die Warmzugfestigkeit bei den genannten Temperaturen wesentlich besser als jene von Aluminium.If the carrier element is essentially made of a steel alloy and / or a titanium alloy, the advantage in a particularly favorable embodiment of the invention is that the hot tensile strength and the creep behavior of the fan blade are especially big. This is the case in particular with steel alloys. Because the hot tensile strength and the creep behavior of steel are even at temperatures above, for example, 300 ° C excellent. In particular, the hot tensile strength at the temperatures mentioned is much better than that of aluminum.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist das Trägerelement modular aus mehreren, insbesondere miteinander durch eine Steckverbindung verbindbaren, Einzelelementen ausgestaltet. Der modulare Aufbau des Trägerelements ermöglicht eine besonders kostengünstige Fertigung basierend auf standardisierten Einzelbauteilen, welche an unterschiedliche Ventilatortypen anpassbar sind. Der modulare Aufbau ermöglicht zudem fertigungstechnisch den Einsatz standardisierter Bauteile für unterschiedlichste Ventilatorschaufeln, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Länge.According to the invention, the carrier element is modularly configured from a plurality of individual elements that can be connected to one another in particular by a plug connection. The modular design of the carrier element enables a particularly cost-effective production based on standardized individual components, which are adaptable to different fan types. The modular design also allows manufacturing technology, the use of standardized components for a variety of fan blades, especially in terms of length.

Besonders günstig ist es in anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, wenn das Trägerelement eine oder mehrere an eine Form des Außenmantels angepasste Profilsehnen aufweist. Eine Profilform der Ventilatorschaufel lässt sich auf diese Weise fertigungstechnisch durch formschlüssiges Anbiegen des Außenmantels an die Profilsehnen realisieren. Eine Beibehaltung des aerodynamischen Profils der Ventilatorschaufel auch bei hohen Temperaturen ist daher mit Vorteil sichergestellt.It is particularly favorable in another embodiment of the invention, when the carrier element has one or more adapted to a shape of the outer sheath profile chords. A profile shape of the fan blade can be realized in this way production technology by positive bending of the outer shell to the chords. Maintaining the aerodynamic profile of the fan blade even at high temperatures is therefore ensured with advantage.

In anderer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Hohlraum mit einer schaumartigen Füllmasse ausgestaltet. Die schaumartige Füllmasse sollte zweckmäßiger Weise eine geringe Masse bzw. Dichte aufweisen. Mit Vorteil kann der Außenmantel zur Beibehaltung des aerodynamischen Profils auf diese Weise durch die schaumartige Füllmasse erfindungsgemäß abgestützt sein. Ein Verbeulen des Außenmantels in Bereichen beispielsweise zwischen Profilsehnen des Trägerelements wird daher wirksam vermieden. Dadurch, dass der Hohlraum mit einer schaumartigen Füllmasse ausgefüllt ist, wird zudem mit Vorteil vermieden, dass sich Flüssigkeiten in dem Hohlraum ansammeln. Die Ansammlung von Flüssigkeiten in dem Hohlraum würde die effektive Masse der Ventilatorschaufel in unerwünschte Weise erhöhen. Ferner besteht beim Einbringen von Wasser in den Hohlraum die Gefahr von Korrosion. Außerdem werden das Schwingverhalten und die Dämpfung der Schaufel durch das Ausschäumen verbessert. All dies wird wirksam durch das Ausfüllen des Hohlraums mit der schaumartigen Füllmasse unterbunden. Als Füllmasse hat sich insbesondere ein aus zwei Komponenten anrührbarer Schaum geeignet gezeigt.In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the cavity is configured with a foam-like filling compound. The foam-like filling material should expediently have a low mass or density. Advantageously, the outer sheath to maintain the aerodynamic profile in this way be supported by the foam-like filling material according to the invention. Bumping of the outer shell in areas, for example between chords of the support member is therefore effectively avoided. The fact that the cavity is filled with a foam-like filling compound, is also avoided with advantage, that liquids accumulate in the cavity. The accumulation of liquids in the cavity would undesirably increase the effective mass of the fan blade. Furthermore, there is a risk of corrosion when introducing water into the cavity. In addition, the vibration behavior and the damping of the blade are improved by the foaming. All this is effectively prevented by filling the cavity with the foam-like filling compound. In particular, a foam which can be stirred from two components has proved to be suitable as the filling compound.

Wenn der Außenmantel in anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung mit mindestens einer Durchbohrung in den Hohlraum hinein versehen ist, ergibt sich eine weitere günstige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. Sofern die Bohrung am radial äußeren Ende der Ventilatorschaufel angebracht ist, wird etwaige in den Hohlraum eingetretene Flüssigkeit im Betrieb durch die Fliehkraft aus dem Hohlraum herausgetragen. Eine unerwünschte Erhöhung der Masse der Ventilatorschaufel durch im Innenraum akkumuliertes Kondensat und eine erhöhte Korrosionsgefahr werden dadurch mit Vorteil vermieden. Das Anbringen einer Bohrung an dem radial inneren Ende der Ventilatorschaufel ermöglicht insbesondere eine Überprüfung von inneren Schweißnähten, etwa durch endoskopische Verfahren. Dies ist von Vorteil, wenn eine Verschweißung des Außenmantels mit dem Trägerelement vorhanden ist.If the outer jacket is provided in another embodiment of the invention with at least one through hole in the cavity inside, there results a further favorable embodiment of the invention. If the bore is attached to the radially outer end of the fan blade, any liquid entering the cavity will be carried out of the cavity during operation by the centrifugal force. An undesirable increase in the mass of the fan blade by condensate accumulated in the interior and an increased risk of corrosion are thereby advantageously avoided. The attachment of a bore at the radially inner end of the fan blade in particular allows a review of internal welds, such as endoscopic procedures. This is advantageous if a welding of the outer shell to the carrier element is present.

Eine andere günstige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Außenmantel hohlraumseitig mit einem Korrosionsschutz versehen ist und/oder im wesentlichen aus einer Stahllegierung hergestellt ist. Beide Maßnahmen, allein oder in Kombination, bewirken eine deutliche Verbesserung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit des Außenmantels. Dies wiederum ermöglicht es die Auslegung des Außenmantels dünnwandig vorzunehmen. Z. B. kann eine Materialstärke des Außenmantels von 1 mm ausreichen.Another favorable embodiment of the invention provides that the outer shell is provided on the cavity side with a corrosion protection and / or is essentially made of a steel alloy. Both measures, alone or in combination, cause a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance of the outer jacket. This in turn allows the design of the outer shell thin-walled make. For example, a material thickness of the outer shell of 1 mm suffice.

In anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht der Außenmantel aus zwei oder mehr miteinander verbundenen plattenartigen Mantelelementen.In another embodiment of the invention, the outer shell of two or more interconnected plate-like shell elements.

Insbesondere die Torsionsfestigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorschaufel wird in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verbessert, wenn der Außenmantel außen mit Versteifungselementen zur Versteifung der Ventilatorschaufel (6) versehen ist.In particular, the torsional strength of the fan blade according to the invention is improved in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, when the outer jacket is provided on the outside with stiffening elements for stiffening the fan blade (6).

Die Versteifungsmittel können in anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung an einer Druckseite und/oder an einer Unterdruckseite des Außenmantels angeordnet sein. Beispielsweise können die Versteifungsmittel an der Unterdruckseite stärker ausgeprägt sein als an der Überdruckseite.The stiffening means can be arranged in another embodiment of the invention on a pressure side and / or on a negative pressure side of the outer shell. For example, the stiffening means may be more pronounced on the negative pressure side than on the overpressure side.

Die Erfindung wird in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform mit der Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung beispielhaft beschrieben, wobei weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten den Figuren der Zeichnung zu entnehmen sind.The invention will be described by way of example in a preferred embodiment with reference to a drawing, wherein further advantageous details are shown in the figures of the drawing.

Funktionsmäßig gleiche Teile sind dabei mit den selben Bezugszeichen versehen.Functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Die Figuren der Zeichnung zeigen im Einzelnen:

Figur 1:
Trägerelement für eine erfindungsgemäße Ventilatorschaufel in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
Figur 2:
erfindungsgemäße Ventilatorschaufel (a) in einer Axialsicht und (b) in einer radialen Schnittansicht;
Figur 3:
erfindungsgemäße Ventilatorschaufel in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung, die Ansichten entsprechen jenen der Figur 2.
The figures of the drawing show in detail:
FIG. 1:
Carrier element for a fan blade according to the invention in a perspective view;
FIG. 2:
Fan blade according to the invention (a) in an axial view and (b) in a radial sectional view;
FIG. 3:
Fan blade according to the invention in an alternative embodiment, the views correspond to those of FIG. 2 ,

In Figur 1 ist ein Stahlträgergerüst 1 in perspektivischer Ansicht dargestellt. Das Stahlträgergerüst 1 ist aufgebaut aus insgesamt drei Profilsehnen 2. Die Profilsehnen 2 sind über zwei Querstreben 3 miteinander durch eine Steckverbindung verbunden. Die Profilsehnen sind durch die Querstreben 3 derart miteinander verbunden, dass eine Verdrillung des Profils einer aus dem Stahlträgergerüst 1 durch Aufbringen eines Außenmantels auf Umfangskanten 4 der Profilsehne 2 gefertigten Ventilatorschaufel erzeugt wird. Die in der Figur im Vordergrund stehende Profilsehne 2 ist einteilig mit einem Befestigungsbolzen 5 verbunden. Dies ist in Figur 1 nicht erkennbar. Der Befestigungsbolzen 5 dient zur Befestigung der Ventilatorschaufel mit dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Stahlträgergerüst 1 in einer nicht dargestellten Ventilatornabe.In FIG. 1 a steel girder scaffold 1 is shown in a perspective view. The steel girder 1 is constructed of a total of three chords 2. The chords 2 are connected via two transverse struts 3 with each other by a plug connection. The chords are connected to each other by the cross braces 3, that a twist of the profile of one of the steel support frame 1 by applying an outer shell on peripheral edges 4 of the chord 2 made fan blade is generated. The standing in the figure in the foreground chord 2 is integrally connected to a mounting bolt 5. This is in FIG. 1 not visible. The fastening bolt 5 is used to attach the fan blade with the in FIG. 1 shown steel girder 1 in a fan hub, not shown.

In Figur 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Ventilatorschaufel 6 gezeigt. Die Ventilatorschaufel 6 weist an der radialen Innenseite den Befestigungsbolzen 5 auf, der bereits im Zusammenhang mit Figur 1 erwähnt wurde. Die Ventilatorschaufel 6 weist einen Schaufelabschnitt 7 auf. Der Schaufelabschnitt 7 besteht aus einem Außenmantel 8. Der Außenmantel 8 ist aus einer Anzahl Einzelplatten aus Stahl mit einer Materialstärke von 1 mm gefertigt. Die Stahlplatten sind auf die Umfangskanten 4 der Profilsehne 2 des Stahlträgergerüsts 1 durch Schweißen angebracht. Der Außenmantel 8 umschließt auf diese Weise einen Hohlraum. Der Hohlraum ist zum Teil mit dem Stahlträgergerüst 1 ausgefüllt. Der verbleibende Hohlraum kann mit einer Füllmasse ausgefüllt sein. Die radiale Draufsicht gemäß Teil (b) der Figur 2 zeigt das aerodynamische Profil der Ventilatorschaufel 6 besonders deutlich. Zu erkennen ist auch, dass eine Basisplatte 9 den Schaufelabschnitt 7 von dem Befestigungsbolzen 5 trennt. Der Befestigungsbolzen 5 verläuft durch die Basisplatte 9.In FIG. 2 a fan blade 6 according to the invention is shown. The fan blade 6 has on the radial inside the fastening bolt 5, which already in connection with FIG. 1 was mentioned. The fan blade 6 has a blade section 7. The blade section 7 consists of an outer casing 8. The outer casing 8 is made of a number of individual plates made of steel with a material thickness of 1 mm. The steel plates are mounted on the peripheral edges 4 of the chord 2 of the steel girder frame 1 by welding. The outer jacket 8 encloses in this way a cavity. The cavity is partially filled with the steel girder 1. The remaining cavity can be filled with a filling compound. The radial plan view according to part (b) of FIG. 2 shows the aerodynamic profile of the fan blade 6 particularly clear. It can also be seen that a base plate 9 separates the blade section 7 from the fastening bolt 5. The fastening bolt 5 extends through the base plate 9.

In der radialen Draufsicht gemäß Figur 2 (b) ist deutlich zu erkennen, dass das Profil des Außenmantels 8 dem Profil der Profilsehnen 2 des Stahlträgergerüsts 1 gemäß Figur 1 entspricht. Das Stahlträgergerüst 1 ist vorzugsweise aus Stahl gefertigt. Der Außenmantel 8 kann aus einer Stahllegierung gefertigt sein.In the radial plan view according to FIG. 2 (b) It can be clearly seen that the profile of the outer sheath 8 according to the profile of the chords 2 of the steel girder 1 according to FIG. 1 equivalent. The steel girder 1 is preferably made of steel. The outer jacket 8 may be made of a steel alloy.

In dem Außenmantel 8 kann radial außen eine Entwässerungsbohrung 12 angebracht sein. Außerdem kann radial innen in dem Außenmantel 8 eine Endoskopiebohrung 13 vorhanden sein.In the outer casing 8 may be mounted radially outwardly a drainage hole 12. In addition, an endoscope bore 13 may be present radially inward in the outer jacket 8.

Figur 3 zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorschaufel. Die Darstellung und der grundlegende Aufbau entsprechen im wesentlichen jenen der Figur 2. Die genannte Schaufel 6 gemäß Figur 3 ist jedoch zusätzlich mit Stützblechen 10, 11, versehen. Die Stützbleche 10, 11 stehen im wesentlichen senkrecht auf der Basisplatte 9. Andererseits stehen die Stützbleche 10, 11 mit ihrer anderen Kante im wesentlichen senkrecht auf der Fläche des Außenmantels 8. Die Stützbleche 10, 11 sind somit im wesentlichen radial orientiert, jedoch zu dem Außenmantel 8 des Schaufelabschnitt 7 im wesentlichen um 90° gedreht orientiert. Das überdruckseitige Stützblech 11 ist stärker als das unterdruckseitige Stützblech 10. Die Stützbleche 10, 11 können auch verbunden sein. FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a fan blade according to the invention. The representation and the basic structure correspond essentially to those of FIG. 2 , Said blade 6 according to FIG. 3 However, is additionally provided with support plates 10, 11. The support plates 10, 11 are substantially perpendicular to the base plate 9. On the other hand, the support plates 10, 11 with its other edge substantially perpendicular to the surface of the outer jacket 8. The support plates 10, 11 are thus oriented substantially radially, but to the Outer jacket 8 of the blade portion 7 is rotated substantially rotated by 90 °. The overpressure-side support plate 11 is stronger than the vacuum-side support plate 10. The support plates 10, 11 may also be connected.

Anhand der Figuren 1 bis 3 ist somit der Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorschaufel 6 skizziert. Die erfindungsgemäße Ventilatorschaufel 6 zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass auf einem Stahlträgergerüst 1 ein beispielsweise aus einer Stahllegierung gefertigter Außenmantel 8 angeschweißt ist. Die Schweißung erfolgt dabei entlang der Umfangskanten 4 der Profilsehnen 2 des Stahlträgergerüsts 1. Auf diese Weise umschließt der Außenmantel 8 einen Hohlraum, in welchem das Stahlträgergerüst 1 angeordnet ist. Der verbleibende Hohlraum kann erfindungsgemäß mit einem Füllstoff ausgefüllt sein. Man erhält auf die beschriebene Weise im Rahmen der Erfindung eine besonderes leichte, materialsparend herstellbare und dennoch zugfeste Ausführung einer Ventilatorschaufel.Based on FIGS. 1 to 3 Thus, the structure of a fan blade 6 according to the invention is outlined. The fan blade 6 according to the invention is characterized in that a outer casing 8, for example made of a steel alloy, is welded onto a steel girder frame 1. The welding takes place along the peripheral edges 4 of the chords 2 of the steel girder frame 1. In this way, the outer shell 8 surrounds a cavity in which the steel girder 1 is arranged. The remaining cavity can be filled with a filler according to the invention. Obtained in the manner described in the context of the invention, a special lightweight, material-saving producible yet tensile design of a fan blade.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann anstelle von Stahl auch eine Titanlegierung oder auch ein anderer Werkstoff verwendet werden.In the context of the invention may be used instead of steel, a titanium alloy or other material.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
StahlträgergerüstSteel support frame
22
Profilsehnechord
33
Querstrebecrossmember
44
Umfangskanteperipheral edge
55
Befestigungsbolzenmounting bolts
66
Ventilatorschaufelfan blade
77
Schaufelabschnittvane section
88th
Außenmantelouter sheath
99
Basisplattebaseplate
1010
Stützblechgusset
1111
Stützblechgusset
1212
Entwässerungsbohrungdrain hole
1313
Endoskopiebohrungendoscopy hole

Claims (10)

  1. Fan blade (6), in particular for smoke extractor fans, comprising fastening means (5) for fastening the fan blade (6) to a fan hub and comprising a blade portion (7), the blade portion (7) having an outer shell (8) that encloses a hollow space, a support element (1) being arranged in the hollow space, characterised in that the support element (1) is modularly formed from a plurality of individual elements that are in particular interconnected by a plug-in connection.
  2. Fan blade (6) according to claim 1, characterised in that the support element (1) is integral with the fastening means (5).
  3. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the support element (1) is made substantially from a steel alloy and/or a titanium alloy,
  4. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the support element (1) has one or more chords (2) adapted to the shape of the outer shell (8).
  5. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the hollow space is filled with a foam-like filling material.
  6. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer shell (8) is provided with at least one through-bore (12, 13) going into the hollow space.
  7. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer shell (8) is provided with corrosion protection on the hollow-space side and/or is substantially made from a steel alloy.
  8. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer shell (8) consists of two or more interconnected plate-like shell elements.
  9. Fan blade (6) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer shell (8) is provided on the outside with reinforcing elements (10, 11) for reinforcing the fan blade (6).
  10. Fan blade (6) according to claim 9, characterised in that the reinforcing elements (10, 11) are arranged on a pressure side and/or on a vacuum side of the outer shell (8),
EP10724699.3A 2009-05-20 2010-05-19 Fan blade Not-in-force EP2433014B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10724699T PL2433014T3 (en) 2009-05-20 2010-05-19 Fan blade

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DE102009022181A DE102009022181A1 (en) 2009-05-20 2009-05-20 fan blade
PCT/EP2010/003082 WO2010133354A1 (en) 2009-05-20 2010-05-19 Fan blade

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EP2433014A1 EP2433014A1 (en) 2012-03-28
EP2433014B1 true EP2433014B1 (en) 2019-05-01

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US (1) US9869325B2 (en)
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KR (2) KR101938349B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102439320A (en)
AU (1) AU2010251465B2 (en)
DE (1) DE102009022181A1 (en)
DK (1) DK2433014T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2733090T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2433014T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2433014T (en)
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WO (1) WO2010133354A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
PT2433014T (en) 2019-06-04
CN102439320A (en) 2012-05-02
AU2010251465A1 (en) 2012-01-19
DK2433014T3 (en) 2019-07-29
KR20170081754A (en) 2017-07-12
TR201908892T4 (en) 2019-07-22
KR20120042749A (en) 2012-05-03
WO2010133354A1 (en) 2010-11-25
US9869325B2 (en) 2018-01-16
AU2010251465B2 (en) 2015-03-12
KR101938349B1 (en) 2019-01-14
PL2433014T3 (en) 2019-10-31
EP2433014A1 (en) 2012-03-28
ES2733090T3 (en) 2019-11-27
DE102009022181A1 (en) 2010-11-25
US20120063906A1 (en) 2012-03-15

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