EP2432947A1 - Pilier en bois réalisé à l'aide d'éléments en forme de feuilles avec une section transversale en forme de croix et structures de support de ceux-ci - Google Patents

Pilier en bois réalisé à l'aide d'éléments en forme de feuilles avec une section transversale en forme de croix et structures de support de ceux-ci

Info

Publication number
EP2432947A1
EP2432947A1 EP10727889A EP10727889A EP2432947A1 EP 2432947 A1 EP2432947 A1 EP 2432947A1 EP 10727889 A EP10727889 A EP 10727889A EP 10727889 A EP10727889 A EP 10727889A EP 2432947 A1 EP2432947 A1 EP 2432947A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
shaped elements
pillar
shaped
terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10727889A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2432947B1 (fr
Inventor
Nicola Fusaro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2432947A1 publication Critical patent/EP2432947A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2432947B1 publication Critical patent/EP2432947B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/30—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by edge details of the ceiling; e.g. securing to an adjacent wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/262—Connection node with interlocking of specially shaped wooden members, e.g. puzzle type connection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2676—Connector nodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B2001/2696—Shear bracing

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a pillar, preferably in wooden material, and supporting structures of buildings comprising one or more of such pillars.
  • the pillars according to the invention can be used to make supporting structures of industrial, commercial or residential buildings.
  • the walls in which the cross braces C are positioned must be substantially blind because any openings or apertures would be in conflict with the cross braces. From a design viewpoint, this does no represent a relevant restriction in the case of buildings used for production, artisan or industrial purposes, where economic and practical-constructional requirements largely prevail over requirements of an aesthetic and compositional freedom nature. In buildings erected for other purposes, for example of residential type, the need to envisage blind walls for fitting cross braces represents, on the contrary, a relevant design restriction which considerably restricts the compositional freedom of designers. As a result, for example, widely used building solutions, normally adopted for reinforced-concrete buildings such as glass curtain walls along all the perimeter walls of a building, become inapplicable .
  • the pillars and the beams described above adapt well to the building of simple structures, where the primary framework (made up of pillar P and beam T) extends along a plane, while the secondary framework, of the purlin type Q, extends in a right-angle direction (typical diagram of industrial buildings, as shown in the Figure A) .
  • a pillar is described consisting of four distinct longitudinal supporting elements lying two by two on two right-angled lying planes and connected together by gluing along the longitudinal axis of the pillar itself.
  • This structure is not particularly suitable for withstanding, for example, bending stresses, which determine a longitudinal sliding between different portions of the pillar, or traction stresses perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pillar and conveyed onto the lying plane of one of the above supporting elements ( loads applied on beams anchored to the pillar) .
  • the longitudinal gluing areas are in fact areas of discontinuity of the pillar and therefore areas of lower resistance and potential instability.
  • object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the state of the art described above, by providing a pillar, preferably in wooden material, which allows making simple or complex structures without having to envisage cross braces.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a pillar, preferably in wooden material, which allows joining beams arranged along different directions.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a pillar, preferably in wooden material, which is simple and inexpensive to make.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a pillar, preferably in wooden material, which has high fire resistance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a detail of the pillar made according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, relating to a main sheet- shaped element;
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show two perspective views (the first of which exploded) of a detail of the pillar according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, relating to a supporting core;
  • FIG. 4 and 5 show two perspective views (the first of which exploded) of the supporting core shown in the Figures 2 and 3 having stiffening plates;
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show two perspective views (the first of which exploded) of the pair of end sheet- shaped elements shown in the Figures 6 and 7 having stiffening plates;
  • FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 show three perspective views (the first of which exploded) of a detail of the pillar made according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention, relating to a pair of end sheet-shaped elements; ⁇
  • FIG. 13 and 14 show two perspective views (the first of which exploded) of a supporting structure of a building made with pillars according to the invention;
  • FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of a supporting structure of a building of the frame structure type, made with pillars according to the invention;
  • FIG. 22 shows three perspective views (the first of which exploded) of a detail of the pillar made according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, relating to a curved supporting core;
  • FIG. 25 shows a perspective view of a detail of the pillar according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, relating to a main sheet-shaped element;
  • FIGS. 26, 32 and 33 show three perspective views of a detail of the pillar made according to three different alternative embodiments, relating to a supporting core with box structure;
  • FIG. 27 and 28 show two perspective views of the box supporting core shown in the Figure 26 having stiffening plates arranged on the outer surface according to two different patterns of application;
  • FIG. 29 shows a perspective exploded view of a detail of the pillar made according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, relating to an terminal box- shaped body;
  • FIG. 30 shows a perspective partially- exploded view of the terminal box-shaped body shown in the Figure 29, having stiffening bodies in fireproof material;
  • FIG. 31 shows a perspective exploded view of a supporting structure of a building made with box- structured pillars made according to the invention
  • FIG. 34 and 35 show two perspective views of two terminal box-shaped bodies made according to two different alternative embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 36 shows the connection between a pillar shown in the Figure 13 and a solid wood beam;
  • FIGS. 37a and 37b show two perspective views (the first of which exploded) of a detail of the pillar according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, relating to a supporting core;
  • FIG. 38 shows a perspective view of a detail of the pillar according to a further alternative embodiment of the invention, relating to a supporting core tapered upwards;
  • FIG. 39 and 40 show two perspective views (the first of which exploded) of a detail of the pillar according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, relating to a supporting core having elements for jointing connection;
  • FIG. 43 show two perspective views (the first of which partially exploded) of the supporting core shown in the Figure 5 having first corner elements;
  • FIG0044] - the Figure 43 shows a perspective exploded view of the box-structure supporting core shown in the Figure 26 having second corner elements;
  • [0045] - the Figure 44 shows a perspective view of the supporting core shown in the Figure 5 having longitudinal reinforcement elements; and
  • the present invention concerns a pillar, preferably in wooden material, and a supporting structure of a building comprising one or more of such pillars.
  • the pillar according to the invention can be used to make supporting structures of buildings for example industrial, commercial, residential or with other intended uses.
  • the pillar made according to the invention will be generally indicated by 1 in the attached Figure.
  • the pillar 1 comprises a supporting core 2 extending along the main extension axis X of the pillar 1.
  • the supporting core 2 may take on different shapes, for example a cross shape (symmetric or asymmetric) for example according to the embodiments illustrated in the Figures 3, 20 or 21, or a closed shape of the box type according to, for example, the embodiments illustrated in the Figures 26, 32 or 33.
  • the supporting core 2 comprises a number of first main sheet-shaped elements 11 and of second main sheet-shaped elements 12, which are positioned respectively on at least a first lying surface m and at least a second lying surface n not parallel to each other.
  • sheet-shaped element shall be meant a body of thin thickness having prevalently a surface extension, where the thickness is defined according to a direction substantially at right angles to the prevalent extension surface.
  • the extension surface can have any pattern.
  • the sheet-shaped elements can take on many different conformations. For example, they can be flat, as shown in the Figures 1 or 20, or else be curved, as shown in the Figure 22. In the same pillar 1 sheet- shaped elements with different conformations can be present.
  • the sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 connect together to form the supporting core 2, with the first elements 11 alternating with the second ones 12, as shown in the Figures 2 and 3.
  • the connection is made by jointing, crossing the first sheet-shaped elements 11 with the second along the main axis X of the pillar 1.
  • the first main sheet-shaped elements 11 are abutted the one to the other with continuity in their thickness si to form at least a first structural portion 3 of the above supporting core 2 which thus appears arranged on the first lying surface m.
  • the above second sheet-shaped elements 11 are abutted to each other with continuity in their thickness s2 to form at least a second , structural portion 4 of the supporting core 2 which thus appears arranged on the second lying surface m.
  • the axial stresses are transmitted (totally or in part depending on the direction of application) along the two different structural portions.
  • Each of the two structural portions 3 and 4 is therefore destined to withstand the mechanical stresses not supported by the other structural portion 4 and 3.
  • the supporting core 2 of the pillar 1 has two structural portions mechanically connected and interconnected the one to the other, having the respective resistant sections turned according to two different non-parallel directions. This enables the supporting core 2, and therefore the pillar 1, to absorb stresses coming from different directions.
  • a resistant section can therefore be identified in the single sheet-shaped element which is located between the jointing areas and which crosses the entire element, ensuring structural continuity.
  • the pillar 1 comprises means 21, 22, 91 and 92 for connecting the first main sheet-shaped elements 11 the one to the other and the second main sheet-shaped elements 12 the one to the other in correspondence to the points of reciprocal abutment 110, 120.
  • connection means are necessary to contrast the traction stresses applied on a part of or the entire supporting core.
  • connection means are necessary to reduce the instability of the supporting core 2 in the abutment points 110 and 120 between the sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12.
  • the pillar would be too unstable if subjected to traction stresses, for example deriving from non-vertical loads or which are not centred on the axis X of the pillar.
  • the alternation between the first sheet-shaped elements 11 and the second sheet-shaped elements 12 leads to a partially self-offsetting effect of the stresses along the entire extension of the supporting core 2 and therefore of the pillar 1.
  • This self-offsetting effect helps make the supporting core 2 more stable.
  • stresses (of traction or bending) that tend to separate two adjacent sheet-shaped elements are absorbed (at least up to certain stress levels that depend on the dimensions of the sheet-shaped elements and on the point of stress application) by the sheet-shaped element arranged on the other lying surface in correspondence to the same portion of the supporting core .
  • the pillar 1 according to the invention comprises a supporting core 2 having a cross- plan section and a rectilinear longitudinal extension along the axis X.
  • the core 2 comprises a first and a second structural portion, indicated by 3 and 4, which are arranged on a first lying surface m and on a second lying surface n respectively.
  • the first structural portion m consists of first sheet-shaped elements 11 abutted to one another in their thickness si along the axis X
  • the second structural portion n consists of second sheet-shaped elements 12 which in turn are abutted to one another in their thickness s2 along the axis X itself.
  • the first and the second elements 11 and 12 connect together to form the respective structural portions 3 and 4 alternating and crossing one another along the axis X.
  • Both the surfaces m and n are flat and intersect along the main extension axis X of the pillar 1 forming right angles a with each other.
  • the angle a between the two lying surfaces m and n can vary according to the structural and constructional requirements.
  • the Figure 20 shows an alternative embodiment wherein the two lying surfaces m and n are not at right angles to one another.
  • the single sheet-shaped element 11 or 12 consists of a flat sheet, preferably rectangular or possibly square, wherein the ratio between base b and height h can vary according to constructional and sizing requirements.
  • the thickness s can also vary according to constructional and sizing requirements, as long as the element has a slim section. Approximately, the ratio s/h between thickness s and height h is best not above 0.1.
  • the first main sheet-shaped elements 11 can have different dimensions and shape compared to the second main sheet-shaped elements 12, as shown in the Figures 37a, 37b and 38.
  • the first sheet-shaped elements 11 and the second sheet-shaped elements 12 can have a non- rectangular or square shape.
  • the sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 have, for example, a trapezoid shape. This way, by shaping the various sheet-shaped elements with decreasing dimensions gradually upwards, the pillars 1 can be made according to the invention tapered upwards, as shown in the Figure 38.
  • the lying surfaces m, n can also comprise one or more non-flat portions. In this case, at least a part of the main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 are shaped in a corresponding way and may therefore not be flat.
  • Pillars 1 according to the invention can also therefore be made not perfectly straight, as shown in the Figures 22, 23 and 24, where a curved-section pillar can be seen.
  • the first and the second main sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 can have shapes different the one from the other, according to the position they have to take in the pillar 1.
  • each main sheet-shaped element 11, 12 has a pair of notches 31, 32 in correspondence of which intersection occurs with the adjacent sheet-shaped elements.
  • the notches 31 and 32 are obtained in distal positions according to the position which the single sheet-shaped element has to take along the extension axis X of the pillar 1.
  • a continuous resistant section is therefore defined, located between the notches.
  • Such resistant section is arranged crossways to the longitudinal axis of the pillar and is therefore able to oppose stresses (for example traction or shearing stress) which could determine phenomena of longitudinal sliding between portions of the pillar arranged in opposite positions with respect to the longitudinal axis.
  • stresses for example traction or shearing stress
  • the notches 31, 32 are aligned with one another parallel to the main axis X.
  • the notches 31 and 32 are made on the centre line of the single sheet-shaped element 11 and 12.
  • the notches 31 and 32 can also not be obtained along the centre line. This possibility can be exploited during the design phase in case it is envisaged that the stresses not be distributed uniformly along an entire structural portion, but be rather concentrated in particular on one side with respect to the main axis X.
  • the number of notches can be greater than two, its being possible to envisage two or more pairs of notches 31, 32.
  • the supporting core 2 of the pillar 1 is closed at the extremities by sheet-shaped elements 11a and 12a having a reduced extension in height and a single notch. Such elements are sized so that one or both the extremities of the supporting core 2 are flat, as shown in the Figures 3 or 38.
  • the main sheet-shaped elements which close the supporting core 2 at one or both the extremities can be identical to the others. In this respect, the extremities of the supporting core 2 are not flat, but have a protruding part.
  • the pillar 1 can have terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42 designed to allow the connection of ' the pillar 1 to one or more beams T.
  • the pillar 1 comprises means 21, 22, 91 and 92 for connecting the first main sheet-shaped elements 11 the one to the other and the second main sheet-shaped elements 12 the one to the other in correspondence of the reciprocal abutment points 110, 120.
  • connection means can be of any type, as long as they are able to connect together the sheet-shaped elements, contrasting traction stresses.
  • the above connection means comprise stiffening plates 21, 22 which externally join the main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 the one to the other and/or to the already-mentioned terminal sheet-shaped elements 41, 42.
  • each stiffening plate 21, 22 can connect together more than two main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 following the pattern of the first lying surface m or of the second lying surface n.
  • the stiffening plates consist of tables 21 and 22 which join together more than two main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 extending in a single body on the first lying surface m or on the second lying surface n.
  • the above stiffening plates 21, 22 join together the main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 in correspondence of both their faces 11', 11", 12' and 12".
  • the above stiffening plates 21 and 22 cover only a part of the supporting core 2, and in particular the central part, leaving on the other hand uncovered the extremities 2' and 2". As will be indicated later on this is envisaged to allow the connection to the already- mentioned terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42.
  • the stiffening plates 21 and 22 have a length extension equal to or greater than that of the supporting core 2 and therefore join together the various sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 from one extremity to the other. This solution is adopted in particular when the connection of the pillar 1 to the beams T is made without using the above terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42.
  • the above stiffening plates 21 and 22 can be connected to the main sheet- shaped elements 11 and 12 by gluing and alternatively or in combination by means of mechanical fastening means such as screws, nails, bolts or wooden blocks.
  • the above connection means can comprise metal staples to be arranged astride the abutment points between the sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12. Such staples can be used instead of or in combination with the above stiffening plates 21, 22.
  • connection means can comprise elements of jointing connection 91 and 92, such as, for example, keys or tangs, which are fitted in special counter-shaped seats 93 and 94 obtained in the thickness of the main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 and/or of the terminal sheet-shaped elements 41, 42 in a position corresponding to the reciprocal abutment points 110, 120.
  • first corner elements 95 can be envisaged, as shown in the Figures 41 and 42.
  • longitudinal reinforcement elements 97 can be envisaged (for example small beams in solid wood of reduced section) to be fastened mechanically to the supporting core 2 parallel to the extension axis X, as shown in the Figure 43.
  • the number and the longitudinal extension of the reinforcement elements 97 can vary according to structural and constructional requirements.
  • the pillar 1 has at least one extremity 1' and 1" of a pair of terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42, of which a first terminal element 41 is arranged on the first lying surface m and a second terminal element 42 is arranged on the second lying surface n.
  • the two terminal elements 41, 42 are connected together by jointing (similarly to the main sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12) and cross one another along the above 'main axis X.
  • the cross angle ⁇ is equivalent to that existing between the two structural portions 3 and 4 of the supporting core 2 to which they are connected.
  • At least one of the above two terminal sheet- shaped elements 41 and 42 has one or two appendices 51 and 52 protruding crossways with respect to the pillar 1 to define a connection area for one or more beams T (as will be described later on in more detail) .
  • the two terminal elements 41 and 42 each have a single notch 61 and 62 to allow reciprocal connection by jointing.
  • the two notches 61 and 62 are aligned along the main axis X of the pillar 1.
  • the connection between the above two terminal elements 41 and 42 with the supporting core 2 is not direct, but only occurs through the above connection means (preferably the above stiffening plates 21 and 22).
  • the two terminal elements 41 and 42 each have at least a pair of notches 61 and 62 so that the two elements 41 and 42 can be connected by jointing not only to each other, but also to the main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 of two pillars 1 made according to the invention one of which arranged above and the other below.
  • the connection being envisaged with a single pillar 1 it is possible to envisage that only one of the two terminal elements will have a pair of notches.
  • the two terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42 are connected to one or more of the main sheet- shaped elements 11, 12 of the supporting core 2 by means of the above connection means, preferably by means of one or more stiffening plates 21, 22.
  • the stiffening plates .21 and 22 extend beyond the terminal elements 41 and 42 to be able to overlap the main head sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 of the supporting core 2 of the pillar 1
  • connection between the above two terminal elements 41 and 42 with the supporting core 2 is not direct, but only occurs by means of the above stiffening plates 21 and 22.
  • the terminal elements 41 and 42 are not directly inter-connected with the main sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12.
  • the supporting core 2 of the pillar 1 is made according to the embodiment shown in the Figure 5, i.e. with the extremity 2' or 2" flat.
  • the terminal elements 41 and 42 therefore abut with their thickness on the corresponding main sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12.
  • connection between the above two terminal elements 41 and 42 with the supporting core 2 is also direct, in the sense that the jointing is envisaged of at least one terminal element with the corresponding main sheet-shaped head element of the supporting core 2.
  • the connection means in particular when they comprise the above stiffening plates 21 and 22, join together the main sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 in a position corresponding to both the faces.
  • This is also preferably applied in the connection with the terminal elements 41 and 42.
  • seats 71 and 72 are defined inside which the head parts of the supporting core 2 are engaged.
  • at least one of the above two terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42 has one or two appendices 51 and 52 protruding crossways with respect to the pillar 1 to define a connection area for one or more beams T.
  • terminal elements 41 and, 42 can be symmetric with respect to the axis X, with the appendices extending at right angles with respect to the above axis X, as shown in particular in the Figures 7 and 11 .
  • the appendices 51" and 52" are aligned according to the inclination Y of the sloping roof, while the appendices 51' and 52' are substantially at right angles to the axis X for the connection with beams arranged crossways to the inclination of the roof.
  • the pillars 1 according to the invention can be used to make supporting structures of buildings for example industrial, commercial, residential or with other intended uses.
  • connection between pillars 1 according to the invention and the beams T envisaged in the structure can be made in many different ways.
  • the connection is made by means of the above terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42 and the respective connection appendices 51 and 52.
  • Such terminal elements 41 and 42 define real knots that can be part of a single pillar 1 in a position corresponding to one of its extremities 1' or act as an interconnection area between two different pillars 1 (see figure 14) .
  • the beams T connectable to the appendices 51 and 52 of the terminal elements 41 and 42 are made by coupling together sheets in LVL (or other similar high-performance material) .
  • the beams T connectable to the appendices 51 and 52 of the terminal elements 41 and 42 can be made of solid wood, as shown in the Figure 36. In this case at the extremity of the beams T, seats are obtained inside which the appendices 51, 52 of the terminal elements 41, 42 are engaged.
  • the plates 21 and 22 are sized so they extend lengthways beyond the extremities of the supporting core. This way, by arranging the plates 21 and 22 on both faces of each main sheet-shaped element 11 and 12, a plurality of seats 81 and 82 are created (with width substantially equivalent to the thickness of the sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12) inside which beams T can be engaged, made for example of an LVL sheet.
  • the supporting core 2 can have a closed shape of box type.
  • a pillar 1 according to the invention can be made with a supporting core 2 comprising at least two first structural portions 3' and 3" and at least two second structural portions 4' and 4", arranged parallel to the above first lying surface m and to the above second lying surface n respectively.
  • Such structural portions are connected together to form one or more box-shaped bodies 200, as shown for example in the Figures 26, 32 or 33.
  • each of the first main sheet-shaped elements 11 of the first structural portions 3' and 3" is connected by jointing in correspondence of at least two of the second main sheet-shaped elements 12 of each of the second structural portions 4' and A".
  • each sheet-shaped element 11, 12 has at least two pairs of notches 31, 32, as shown in particular in the Figure 25.
  • the first main sheet-shaped elements 11 can have different dimensions and shape compared to the second main sheet-shaped elements 12, as shown in the Figures 45 and 46.
  • the first sheet-shaped element 11 and the second sheet-shaped element 12 can have a non- rectangular or square shape.
  • the sheet-shaped elements 11 and 12 have, for example, a trapezoid shape. This way, by shaping the various sheet-shaped elements with progressively decreasing dimensions upwards, pillar 1 according to the invention can be made having a box structure, tapered upwards, as shown in the Figure 46.
  • first structural portions 3' and 3" and the second structural portions 4' and 4" can each be arranged on a different lying surface m' , m", n' and n" .
  • the structural portions are arranged on four different non- parallel lying surfaces.
  • the number of pairs of notches 31, 32 in the single main sheet-shaped element 11 and 12 varies according to the envisaged jointing connection number.
  • second corner elements 96 can be envisaged to be inserted with interference ratio inside the free internal space of the box structure, preferably arranged on a plane at right angles to the axis X, as shown in the Figure 43.
  • the number and axial position of such second corner elements 96 for single pillar 1 can vary according to structural and constructional requirements.
  • such second corner elements 96 can have one or more central openings 98 to allow the transit of any pipes located inside the box structure.
  • a pillar with box structure 200 is connected to a second pillar and/or to beams T by means of at least two pairs of terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42 arranged at at least one extremity 1' and 1" of the pillar itself.
  • terminal elements 41 and 42 are connected together by jointing to form one or more terminal box-shaped bodies 210, as shown in the Figures 29, 30, 34 and 35.
  • the terminal elements that go to form an terminal box-shaped body 210 have a conformation similar to that envisaged for the terminal elements intended for non-box pillars.
  • at least some of above terminal sheet-shaped elements 41 and 42 have one or two appendices 51, 52 protruding crossways with respect to the pillar 1 to define a connection area with one or more beams T .
  • connection means can be of any type, and in particular of the previously-described types, i.e. stiffening plates, metal staples and elements for jointing connection (for example keys or tangs) .
  • stiffening plates, metal staples and elements for jointing connection for example keys or tangs
  • several connection means can be combined. In particular, it could be advantageous to combine stiffening plates and elements for jointing connection.
  • connection means of the sheet-shaped elements particularly preferred is the use of stiffening plates 21 and 22.
  • stiffening plates 21 and 22 can be arranged on all the surfaces, internal and external, of the box-shaped bodies 200 and 210.
  • FIGS. 27 and 28 show two different application schemes of the above stiffening plates 21 and 22 in box-structure pillars 200.
  • the plates are only arranged on the external surfaces of the box structure. Solutions can however be envisaged wherein the plates are also arranged on the internal surfaces of the box structure or alternatively on such internal surfaces only.
  • the hollow space inside the box-structure pillars 200 can be exploited to arrange pipes and lines of the utility networks envisaged for a building (electricity, gas, water, ventilation, IT networks, etc) .
  • the stiffening plates arranged on the external surface of the box bodies 200 and/or of the terminal box-shaped bodies 210 are made of fireproof material.
  • Fireproof materials are preferably used having mechanical strength properties, such as for example composite materials, laminates, plasterboards, fibre plasters, fibre cements. This allows considerably reducing the surface exposed to the fire and therefore increasing the degree of resistance to the fire.
  • the external stiffening plates can be made with any type of fireproof material without any restraint as regards the mechanical strength properties. Intumescent fireproof materials can therefore also be advantageously used.
  • LVL Laminated Veneer Lumber.
  • This is a laminated-layered panel material also known as micro laminated multilayer material. This material is preferably made from layers of fir wood with thickness up to ⁇ mm, glued together. The layers are glued together (for example using phenol glues) so that the fibres of a layer are crossed with respect to the fibres of the layers connected to it.
  • LVL is especially advantageous as it allows reducing the dimensions of the sheet-shaped elements.
  • LVL in fact has excellent mechanical strength characteristics .
  • LVL is an isotropic material and is able to resist stresses to the same extent from whichever direction these come, unlike solid or laminated wood which resists differently depending on whether the stresses reach the fibres in a parallel direction or at right angles.
  • LVL can be easily shaped. This makes it particularly suitable for making curved elements of the type shown in the Figures 22, 23 and 24.
  • OSB Oriented Strand Board
  • the strands are pressed into 3-4 layers: those of the outer layers are normally arranged longitudinally with respect to the length of the panel, while the strands of the intermediate layers are normally arranged crossways.
  • the sheet-shaped elements instead of LVL and OSB, board plywood or solid wood can be used.
  • board plywood or solid wood can be used.
  • at least one part of the main sheet-shaped elements 11, 12 and/or of the terminal sheet-shaped elements 41, 42 can be made of non-wood materials .
  • the non-wood materials used to make the sheet-shaped elements are selected from plastic materials, composite materials, mixtures of cement and fibres or mixtures of plaster and fibres.
  • the stiffening plates 21 and 22 are made of LVL, OSB, board plywood or solid wood.
  • the fibres are arranged prevalently aligned along the axis of extension X of the pillar 1.
  • the stiffening plates can also be made of non-wood materials, preferably chosen from among metals, plastic materials, composite materials, mixtures of cement and fibres or mixtures of plasters and fibres .
  • the elements for jointing connection are preferably made of the same material as the sheet-shaped elements to be connected. Other types of materials can however be used according to constructional and mechanical strength requirements.
  • the present invention also concerns a supporting structure of a building comprising one or more pillars 1 according to any of the embodiments described above .
  • the supporting structure according to the invention can be of the frame structure type as shown in the Figure 15, wherein all the pillars 1 are connected together by means of beams T .
  • the connection of the pillars below the rest of the framed structure can also be done by means of a base in reinforced-concrete or other adequate structural material .
  • pillars can be made having mechanical strength properties, such as to allow the construction of simple or complex structures without the need for cross braces, reducing the use of material to the utmost.
  • the pillars are in fact made from resistant sheet-shaped elements, connected together to form non-massif structures, for example box structures or open-section structures.
  • the pillars according to the invention are in fact able to withstand stresses coming from different directions .
  • a further advantage is tied to the fact that the pillars are, made by assembling modular elements. These elements can be prefabricated or easily made directly on the worksite in accordance with the real needs arising during work in progress.
  • the modular jointing structure in particular if associated with the use of LVL, allows making the pillars of any shape in a fast and simple way. This makes the pillars according to the invention simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • a further advantage is tied to the fact that the pillars made according to the invention can be easily made fire resistant.
  • the pillars according to the invention are already fairly resistant to fire.
  • the outside exposed surface which is therefore attackable by fire, is in fact small.
  • the use of structural elements or facings in fireproof material placed on the outside surface allows further increasing fire resistance.
  • a further advantage stems from the fact that the pillars according to the invention can be easily connected to two or more beams without this calling for an increase in cross section. This makes the pillars according to the invention constructively flexible. [00171] The invention thus conceived consequently achieves the preset objects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un pilier en bois (1) réalisé à l'aide d'éléments en forme de feuilles, qui forment, dans une section transversale perpendiculaire à la direction de l'étendue, une croix. Lesdits éléments en forme de feuilles (11, 12) sont mutuellement reliés les uns aux autres par croisement mutuel alterné dans l'axe principal dudit pilier (X).
EP10727889.7A 2009-05-20 2010-05-19 Pilier en bois réalisé à l'aide d'éléments en forme de feuilles avec une section transversale en forme de croix et structures de support de ceux-ci Not-in-force EP2432947B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITPD2009A000146A IT1394582B1 (it) 2009-05-20 2009-05-20 Pilastro, preferibilmente in materiale ligneo, e strutture portanti comprendenti uno o piu' di tali pilastri
PCT/IB2010/052226 WO2010134033A1 (fr) 2009-05-20 2010-05-19 Pilier en bois réalisé à l'aide d'éléments en forme de feuilles avec une section transversale en forme de croix et structures de support de ceux-ci

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2432947A1 true EP2432947A1 (fr) 2012-03-28
EP2432947B1 EP2432947B1 (fr) 2014-12-03

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10727889.7A Not-in-force EP2432947B1 (fr) 2009-05-20 2010-05-19 Pilier en bois réalisé à l'aide d'éléments en forme de feuilles avec une section transversale en forme de croix et structures de support de ceux-ci

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2432947B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1394582B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010134033A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11280080B2 (en) 2017-06-12 2022-03-22 Peter James Bucklitsch Kit for defining a recess for a single or multi-way joint
US11280081B2 (en) 2017-06-12 2022-03-22 Peter James Bucklitsch Earthquake resistant joint
EP4102002A1 (fr) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-14 Urban Beta UG Élément de construction et ensemble de construction
WO2022258598A1 (fr) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Urban Beta Ug Composants de construction pour ensembles de construction et ensembles de construction comprenant de tels composants de construction

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2580409B (en) * 2019-01-10 2021-07-28 Eqrbs Ltd A kit for defining a recess for a joint
JP7322648B2 (ja) * 2018-10-02 2023-08-08 株式会社大林組 柱梁接合構造及び柱梁接合方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2473942A2 (fr) * 1976-04-28 1981-07-24 Chedeau Philippe Structure en bois autoporteuse
DE10218855B4 (de) * 2002-04-26 2004-02-26 Kronotec Ag Plattenförmiges Bauelement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2010134033A1 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11280080B2 (en) 2017-06-12 2022-03-22 Peter James Bucklitsch Kit for defining a recess for a single or multi-way joint
US11280081B2 (en) 2017-06-12 2022-03-22 Peter James Bucklitsch Earthquake resistant joint
EP4102002A1 (fr) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-14 Urban Beta UG Élément de construction et ensemble de construction
WO2022258598A1 (fr) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-15 Urban Beta Ug Composants de construction pour ensembles de construction et ensembles de construction comprenant de tels composants de construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2432947B1 (fr) 2014-12-03
ITPD20090146A1 (it) 2010-11-21
IT1394582B1 (it) 2012-07-05
WO2010134033A1 (fr) 2010-11-25

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