EP2426228B1 - Magnesium sheet semi-finished products with improved cold reforming characteristics - Google Patents
Magnesium sheet semi-finished products with improved cold reforming characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- EP2426228B1 EP2426228B1 EP20100175241 EP10175241A EP2426228B1 EP 2426228 B1 EP2426228 B1 EP 2426228B1 EP 20100175241 EP20100175241 EP 20100175241 EP 10175241 A EP10175241 A EP 10175241A EP 2426228 B1 EP2426228 B1 EP 2426228B1
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- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- finished products
- alloys
- magnesium alloy
- magnesium sheet
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnesium alloy, in particular a Magnesiumknetlegtechnik with improved ductility.
- Magnesium sheets are of particular importance for structural applications because they offer properties such as light weight, high specific strength and good castability.
- magnesium wrought alloys have been increasingly used for the production of sheet because they have superior mechanical properties compared to cast alloys.
- Magnesium wrought alloys have great potential for use as engineering components in the automotive industry and in some aerospace applications.
- the WO 2009/147861 A1 discloses a method for producing magnesium alloy sheets by hot rolling.
- the alloys can also contain aluminum, manganese and zirconium.
- the in the WO 2010/041791 A1 describes sheets of magnesium alloys containing zinc and yttrium.
- the CN 101 603 138 A discloses magnesium alloys containing zinc, yttrium and zirconium. Jin Zengli et al. 29, No. 7, 2009, pages 656-659. "Effects of Y content on microstructure and properties of Mg-Y-Zn-Zr alloy" Special Castin & Nonferrous Alloys, Vol. 29, No.
- magnesium sheets are first produced from blanks (eg slabs or cast rolled strip) of a magnesium alloy by means of a massive forming process such as a rolling process. These magnesium sheets are then formed into a component.
- a significant problem in the sheet metal forming of magnesium sheet semis is their limited formability.
- Hot forming processes, with which currently known magnesium sheet metal semi-finished products can be processed into one component, are technically more complicated and cost-intensive than cold forming processes and therefore economically undesirable.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a magnesium sheet semifinished product which can also be processed by means of cold forming or requires low temperatures for the shaping step, ie has better cold workability.
- the object is achieved by the use of a magnesium alloy in a massive forming process, wherein the magnesium alloy based on the total weight of the sheet contains the following constituents: 0.4 to 1.2 wt.% Zinc, 0.2 to 1.5 wt.% Yttrium, 0 to 0.8 wt.% Of zirconium and magnesium as balance, with aluminum present in no more than impurity amounts of 0.001 wt.%.
- the proportion of zinc is 0.8 to 1.2 wt.%, Wherein the alloy is substantially free of aluminum.
- the proportion of yttrium is 0.2 to 0.7 wt.%.
- the proportion of zirconium is preferably 0 to 0.5% by weight.
- the magnesium sheet semifinished products according to the invention have an improved cold forming behavior in comparison to known magnesium sheet semifinished products.
- the magnesium sheet metal semi-finished products according to the invention are preferably produced by rolling. They may be for a rolling process in the form of cast slabs or as a rolled thin strip.
- the alloys of the invention may additionally contain one or more alloying elements selected from the group consisting of gadolinium (Gd), neodymium (Nd), scandium (Sc) and dysprosium (Dy).
- Rolling is a massive forming process in which a material is deformed between two rolls at elevated temperature or at room temperature. The shape of the material is changed so that it decreases in thickness and is pulled in length. This process is multi-level and accompanied by intermediate anneals to prevent the temperature of the workpiece from dropping too much.
- sheet metal production in optimal form is currently possible only at elevated temperature.
- microstructural processes take place; the material recrystallizes. During recrystallization, the structure of the material is changed, usually re-formed. Depending on the characteristics of the recrystallization mechanisms, new sheet metal structures are created, which are characterized by the so-called sheet metal texture. In the case of the present invention, homogeneous and fine-grained microstructures having a weak texture are obtained. On the one hand, this combination enables good mechanical properties and, on the other hand, improved ductility.
- the alloys according to the invention are suitable for the production of components by sheet metal forming.
- the sheet metal forming processes are cold forming processes.
- the components produced by sheet metal forming may preferably be used in the manufacture of automobiles, ships and / or aircraft.
- the alloys ZW10 and ZWK100 according to the invention differ from the known alloys ZE10 and ZWK100 in that the alloying element cerium is replaced as completely as possible by yttrium.
- the mechanical properties of tensile tests of the respective semi-finished products produced from the alloys are shown in Table 2. The properties are shown as a function of the examined orientation in the rolling direction (WR), 45 ° direction to the rolling direction (45 °) and transverse direction.
- the sheets were rolled continuously with a degree of deformation of 0.3 per rolling step and heated to 400 ° C between two rolling steps in an oven. After rolling, the sheets were heated at 400 ° C for 30 minutes.
- the yield strength (R p02 ) and the strength (R m ) decrease from the rolling direction (WR) to the transverse direction (QR).
- the elongation at break of the alloys according to the invention is markedly improved in comparison with the known alloys. While the known alloys show a significant drop in the elongation at break from the rolling direction to the transverse direction, the elongation at break of the alloys according to the invention is surprisingly almost constant.
- the alloys according to the invention have a comparatively homogeneous and fine-grained microstructure with a weak texture and can be cold-worked at room temperature, e.g. rolled at room temperature.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Magnesiumlegierung, insbesondere eine Magnesiumknetlegierung mit verbesserter Duktilität.The present invention relates to a magnesium alloy, in particular a Magnesiumknetlegierung with improved ductility.
Magnesiumbleche sind von besonderer Bedeutung für strukturelle Anwendungen, da sie Eigenschaften wie geringes Gewicht, hohe spezifische Festigkeit und gute Gießbarkeit bieten. In den letzten Jahren wurden Magnesiumknetlegierungen zunehmend für die Herstellung von Blechen verwendet, da sie im Vergleich zu Gusslegierungen überlegene mechanische Eigenschaften aufweisen. Magnesiumknetlegierungen haben ein großes Potenzial für den Einsatz als technische Komponenten in der Automobilindustrie und in einigen Anwendungen in der Luftfahrt.Magnesium sheets are of particular importance for structural applications because they offer properties such as light weight, high specific strength and good castability. In recent years, magnesium wrought alloys have been increasingly used for the production of sheet because they have superior mechanical properties compared to cast alloys. Magnesium wrought alloys have great potential for use as engineering components in the automotive industry and in some aerospace applications.
Die
Ein wesentliches Problem bei der Blechumformung von Magnesiumblechhalbzeugen ist deren eingeschränktes Umformvermögen. Insbesondere ist es derzeit nicht möglich, Magnesiumblechhalbzeuge mittels Kaltumformverfahren zu einem Bauteil zu verarbeiten. Warmumformprozesse, mit denen derzeit bekannte Magnesiumblechhalbzeuge zu einem Bauteil verarbeitet werden können, sind technisch aufwendiger und kostenintensiver, als Kaltumformprozesse und daher ökonomisch unerwünscht.A significant problem in the sheet metal forming of magnesium sheet semis is their limited formability. In particular, it is currently not possible to process magnesium sheet semi-finished products by means of a cold forming process to form a component. Hot forming processes, with which currently known magnesium sheet metal semi-finished products can be processed into one component, are technically more complicated and cost-intensive than cold forming processes and therefore economically undesirable.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher ein Magnesiumblechhalbzeug bereitzustellen, das auch mittels Kaltumformverfhren verarbeitet werden kann bzw. für den formgebenden Schritt geringe Temperaturen benötigt, also bessere Kaltumformbarkeit aufweist.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a magnesium sheet semifinished product which can also be processed by means of cold forming or requires low temperatures for the shaping step, ie has better cold workability.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Verwendung einer Magnesiumlegierung in einem Massivumformungsverfahren gelöst, wobei die Magnesiumlegierung bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des Blechs folgende Bestandteile enthält: 0,4 bis 1,2 Gew.% Zink, 0,2 bis 1,5 Gew.% Yttrium, 0 bis 0,8 Gew.% Zirkon und Magnesium als Rest, wobei Aluminium in nicht mehr als Verunreinigungsmengen von 0,001 Gew.% vorhanden ist. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Anteil an Zink 0,8 bis 1,2 Gew.%, wobei die Legierung im Wesentlichen aluminiumfrei ist. Im Wesentlichen bedeutet im vorliegenden Zusammenhang, dass nicht mehr als Verunreinigungsmengen von unter 0,001 Gew.%, vorzugsweise unter 0,0001 Gew.% vorhanden sind. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Anteil an Yttrium 0,2 bis 0,7 Gew.%. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Anteil an Zirkon 0 bis 0,5 Gew.%.The object is achieved by the use of a magnesium alloy in a massive forming process, wherein the magnesium alloy based on the total weight of the sheet contains the following constituents: 0.4 to 1.2 wt.% Zinc, 0.2 to 1.5 wt.% Yttrium, 0 to 0.8 wt.% Of zirconium and magnesium as balance, with aluminum present in no more than impurity amounts of 0.001 wt.%. Preferably, the proportion of zinc is 0.8 to 1.2 wt.%, Wherein the alloy is substantially free of aluminum. Essentially in the present context means that no more than impurity levels of less than 0.001% by weight, preferably less than 0.0001% by weight are present. Preferably, the proportion of yttrium is 0.2 to 0.7 wt.%. The proportion of zirconium is preferably 0 to 0.5% by weight.
Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, dass das die erfindungsgemäßen Magnesiumblechhalbzeuge im Vergleich zu bekannten Magnesiumblechhalbzeugen ein verbessertes Kaltumformungsverhalten aufweisen.Surprisingly, it has been found that the magnesium sheet semifinished products according to the invention have an improved cold forming behavior in comparison to known magnesium sheet semifinished products.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Magnesiumblechhalbzeuge werden vorzugsweise durch Walzen hergestellt. Sie können für einen Walzprozess in Form von gegossenen Brammen oder als gewalztes Dünnband vorliegen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen können zusätzlich eines oder mehrere Legierungselemente enthalten, die aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Gadolinium (Gd), Neodym (Nd), Scandium (Sc) und Dysprosium (Dy) ausgewählt sind.The magnesium sheet metal semi-finished products according to the invention are preferably produced by rolling. They may be for a rolling process in the form of cast slabs or as a rolled thin strip. The alloys of the invention may additionally contain one or more alloying elements selected from the group consisting of gadolinium (Gd), neodymium (Nd), scandium (Sc) and dysprosium (Dy).
Beim Walzen handelt es sich um ein Massivumformverfahren, bei dem ein Werkstoff zwischen zwei Walzen bei erhöhter Temperatur oder bei Raumtemperatur verformt wird. Dabei wird die Form des Werkstoffs derart verändert, dass er an Dicke abnimmt und in der Länge gezogen wird. Dieser Prozess ist mehrstufig und wird von Zwischenglühungen begleitet, um die Temperatur des Werkstücks nicht zu stark absinken zu lassen. Im Fall von Magnesium ist eine Blechherstellung in optimaler Form derzeit lediglich bei erhöhter Temperatur möglich. Während der Umformung in der Walze finden mikrostrukturelle Vorgänge statt; das Material rekristallisiert. Bei der Rekristallisation wird das Gefüge des Materials verändert, in der Regel neu ausgebildet. Je nach Ausprägung der Rekristallisationsmechanismen entstehen neue Blechgefüge, die durch die sogenannte Blechtextur charakterisiert werden. Im Fall der vorliegenden Erfindung werden homogene und feinkörnige Gefüge mit einer schwach ausgeprägten Textur erzielt. Diese Kombination ermöglicht einerseits gute mechanische Eigenschaften und andererseits eine verbesserte Duktilität.Rolling is a massive forming process in which a material is deformed between two rolls at elevated temperature or at room temperature. The shape of the material is changed so that it decreases in thickness and is pulled in length. This process is multi-level and accompanied by intermediate anneals to prevent the temperature of the workpiece from dropping too much. In the case of magnesium, sheet metal production in optimal form is currently possible only at elevated temperature. During forming in the roll, microstructural processes take place; the material recrystallizes. During recrystallization, the structure of the material is changed, usually re-formed. Depending on the characteristics of the recrystallization mechanisms, new sheet metal structures are created, which are characterized by the so-called sheet metal texture. In the case of the present invention, homogeneous and fine-grained microstructures having a weak texture are obtained. On the one hand, this combination enables good mechanical properties and, on the other hand, improved ductility.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen eignen sich zur Herstellung von Bauteilen durch Blechumformung. Vorzugsweise sind die Blechumformungsverfahren Kaltumformungsverfahren.The alloys according to the invention are suitable for the production of components by sheet metal forming. Preferably, the sheet metal forming processes are cold forming processes.
Die durch Blechumformung hergestellten Bauteile können vorzugsweise bei der zur Herstellung von Automobilen, Schiffen und/oder Flugzeugen verwendet werden.The components produced by sheet metal forming may preferably be used in the manufacture of automobiles, ships and / or aircraft.
Es wurden zwei Magnesiumblechhalbzeuge aus erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen (ZW10 und ZWK100) hergestellt und deren mechanischen Eigenschaften mit denen zweier bekannter Legierungen (ZE10 und ZEK100) verglichen. Die chemische Zusammensetzung der verwendeten Legierungen sind in Tabelle 1 angegeben.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen ZW10 und ZWK100 unterscheiden sich von den bekannten Legierungen ZE10 und ZWK100 dadurch, dass das Legierungselement Cer möglichst vollständig durch Yttrium ersetzt wird. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften aus Zugversuchen der jeweiligen aus den Legierungen hergestellten Halbzeuge sind in Tabelle 2 dargestellt. Die Eigenschaften sind als Funktion der untersuchten Orientierung in Walzrichtung (WR), 45°-Richtung zur Walzrichtung (45°) und Querrichtung gezeigt. Die Bleche wurden mit einem Umformgrad von 0,3 pro Walzschritt kontinuierlich bei gewalzt und zwischen zwei Walzschritten in einem Ofen auf 400°C erwärmt. Nach dem Walzen wurden die Bleche 30 Minuten auf 400°C erwärmt.
In allen Fällen sinken die Streckgrenze (Rp02) und die Festigkeit (Rm) von der Walzrichtung (WR) zur Querrichtung (QR). Die Bruchdehnung der erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen ist jedoch im Vergleich zu den bekannten Legierungen deutlich verbessert. Während die bekannten Legierungen einen deutlichen Abfall der Bruchdehnung von Walzrichtung zur Querrichtung zeigen, ist die Bruchdehnung der erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen überraschenderweise nahezu konstant.In all cases, the yield strength (R p02 ) and the strength (R m ) decrease from the rolling direction (WR) to the transverse direction (QR). However, the elongation at break of the alloys according to the invention is markedly improved in comparison with the known alloys. While the known alloys show a significant drop in the elongation at break from the rolling direction to the transverse direction, the elongation at break of the alloys according to the invention is surprisingly almost constant.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen weisen zudem eine vergleichsweise homogene und feinkörnige Gefügestruktur mit einer schwach ausgeprägten Textur auf und könne bei Raumtemperatur kaltverformt, z.B. bei Raumtemperatur gewalzt werden.In addition, the alloys according to the invention have a comparatively homogeneous and fine-grained microstructure with a weak texture and can be cold-worked at room temperature, e.g. rolled at room temperature.
Claims (6)
- Use of a magnesium alloy in a solid forming process, the magnesium alloy comprising the following components based on the total weight of the alloy:0.4 to 1.2 wt.% zinc,0.2 to 1.5 wt.% yttrium,0 to 0.8 wt.% zirconium andmagnesium as remainder, whereby aluminum is present in amounts not larger than impurity amounts of 0.001 wt.%.
- Use of a magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of zinc is 0.8 to 1.2 wt.%.
- Use of a magnesium alloy according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the amount of yttrium is 0.2 to 0.7 wt.%.
- Use of a magnesium alloy according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the amount of zirconium is 0 to 0.5 wt.%.
- Use of a magnesium alloy according to any of claims 1 to 4 for the manufacture of magnesium semi-finished products.
- Use according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the solid forming process is a rolling process.
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EP20100175241 EP2426228B1 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2010-09-03 | Magnesium sheet semi-finished products with improved cold reforming characteristics |
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EP2426228B1 true EP2426228B1 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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ES2567591T3 (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2016-04-25 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH | Calcium as a substitute for rare earth elements in magnesium sheet metal alloys with good deformation characteristics |
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KR100509648B1 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2005-08-24 | 연우인더스트리(주) | High formability the Magnesium alloy and manufacture method of the Magnesium alloy product thereof |
US20060198869A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-07 | Icon Medical Corp. | Bioabsorable medical devices |
CN100340688C (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-10-03 | 西安理工大学 | In-situ synthesizing quasi-crystal and approximate phase reinforced high-strength ultra-tough magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN101347639A (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-21 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Medical magnesium alloy/calcium orthophosphate composite material |
JP5467294B2 (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2014-04-09 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Easy-formable magnesium alloy sheet and method for producing the same |
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CN101381833A (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2009-03-11 | 上海交通大学 | Heat resisting casting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN101603138B (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2012-05-30 | 西北工业大学 | High-damping magnesium alloy containing quasicrystal reinforcing phase |
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