EP2419681A2 - Textile based solar collector - Google Patents

Textile based solar collector

Info

Publication number
EP2419681A2
EP2419681A2 EP10706803A EP10706803A EP2419681A2 EP 2419681 A2 EP2419681 A2 EP 2419681A2 EP 10706803 A EP10706803 A EP 10706803A EP 10706803 A EP10706803 A EP 10706803A EP 2419681 A2 EP2419681 A2 EP 2419681A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
transfer fluid
water
liquid
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10706803A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Isik Tarakcioglu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2419681A2 publication Critical patent/EP2419681A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/60—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids trickling freely over absorbing elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
    • F24S2080/016—Textiles; Fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flowing of heat transfer fluids with a boiling point of above 120 0 C through in the solar collector box placed black or dark colored textile surfaces which preferably are back coated for indirect air or water heating purposes.
  • Fossil-based fuels are not renewable resources and therefore they will run out after a certain period of time.
  • the global warming occurring by the greenhouse effect due to carbon dioxide emissions generated by the combustion of fossil-fuels has increased the importance of the alternative energy resources.
  • Solar energy has the easiest and most common available use in the renewable and clean energy sources such as hydroelectric, solar, wind, tide, geothermal, etc.
  • water heating with solar energy already has a common use.
  • the common technique of the water heating solar collectors is the heating of water or any heat transfer fluid while it is passing through the pipes placed in the collector.
  • These collectors may also be operated for indirect heating of the running water by passing the obtained hot water through a heat exchanger, as well as for direct heating of the running water, that is, the direct use of the hot water heated in the collector.
  • indirect heating production and operating costs increase to some extent; on the other hand the collector can be used at winter periods by adding antifreeze to the circulating water or instead of using water, heat transfer fluids with much lower freezing points can be used as circulating liquid.
  • the solar air heating collectors are not widespread. These collectors are based on black-colored metallic, plastic, ceramic or composite plates which are placed inside the rectangular boxes made of metallic, plastic or composite materials. The back and side surfaces of boxes are insulated and the face (sun face) sides are covered with normal or special glasses, polycarbonates or other transparent layers.
  • the black plates heated by the absorption of high-IR radiation of sun rays heats the air in the boxes to a limited extent, in which a green house effect occurs.
  • the actual heat transfer takes place by convection.
  • the cost of the pipes through which the water or heat transfer fluid flows causes a significant portion of the total production cost of water heating collectors, even it varies depending on the collector construction and material.
  • the temperature of the water can reach the boiling point (100 0 C) in summer periods depending on the mass flow rate of the water and reduces the efficiency of the collector due to the problems such as evaporation, condensation on the transparent layer, overheating of the transparent layer, extreme heat loss through the surface of the transparent layer, etc.
  • the water can freeze at nights.
  • the steaming up of the front glass pane increases by the increase of the water temperature, so the solar radiation is restricted and therefore the efficiency decreases to a great extent.
  • the technical problem that this invention intends to solve is the elimination of aforementioned problems in direct water heating with textile based solar collectors in which the water passes through a back coated or specially constructed black textile surface and therefore heating water up to 85-90 0 C in textile based solar collectors without problems, and also providing air heating if requested.
  • a textile based solar collector system to reach the objective of the invention has been schematized in the attached figure, and this figure presents the following:
  • Figure 1- The schematic of the textile based solar collector and heat transfer fluid recirculation
  • heat transfer fluids with boiling points of above 120 0 C warms up to the temperatures above 50 0 C in solar collectors without pipes while they pass through black or dark colored, back coated (3) or not textile surfaces (4) and these hot heat transfer fluids heat water or air indirectly.
  • the hot heat transfer fluid from the collector outlet (7) passes through a liquid/liquid or a liquid/gas heat exchanger (10), respectively.
  • the cooled heat transfer fluid from the heat exchanger outlet (12) is pumped by a proper pump (9) to the inlet of the perforated or cleft pipe (6) to complete the recirculation route.
  • photocell or thermostat valves can be used to start up or stop the pump automatically. After the pump stop, the heat transfer fluid which flows through the fabric is stored in an insulated tank (8) which is installed between the heat transfer fluid outlet (7) and the pump (9). After the pump start up, the stored heat transfer fluid is pumped to the upper inlet of the collector (6).
  • the flow time of the heat transfer fluid from the upper edge to the bottom edge of a 2 meters long textile surface with a 45 ° slope can be adjusted to be from a few seconds to above 30 minutes, depending on the mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid, the type of the textile surface (woven, knitted, nonwoven), the construction of the textile surface (tightness, density, thickness, texture, piled or not, raised or not, etc.), if textile surface is not a nonwoven the construction of the yarns and the type of the fibre (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, blended or not, fineness, length) and the viscosity of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the surface area of the capillary voids (tubes) of the textile surface through which a liquid passes is larger than the surface area of the pipes of a conventional solar collector due to the fibrous character ' of the textile structures. Therefore, the absorption of the solar radiation by the black or dark colored textile surfaces and the transfer of this energy to the heat transfer fluid in the hundreds of thousands pores (capillaries) between the fibers can occur with a higher efficiency.
  • This type of solar collector with a liquid/liquid heat exchanger can be used to obtain running hot water or to heat the furnace water; and if it is combined with a liquid/gas heat exchanger it can be used for space heating, for drying purposes and for heating the inlet air of the fuel burners.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

By the flowing process of a proper heat transfer fluid with a boiling temperature of above 120 °C through a back coated (3) or specially constructed black textile surface (4) placed in a solar collector box, the heating of the heat transfer fluid up to temperatures above 100 °C can be provided without any problems such as evaporation, steaming up of the front glass pane, condensation, calcification of the textile surface (fabric), etc. In order to heat water or air, the hot heat transfer fluid from the collector outlet (7) passes through a liquid/liquid (10) or a liquid/gas (10) heat exchanger, respectively. The warm heat transfer fluid from the heat exchanger outlet (12) is pumped by a proper pump (9) to the inlet of the perforated or cleft pipe (6) to complete the recirculation route.

Description

TEXTILE BASED SOLAR COLLECTOR
The present invention relates to flowing of heat transfer fluids with a boiling point of above 120 0C through in the solar collector box placed black or dark colored textile surfaces which preferably are back coated for indirect air or water heating purposes.
Background of the invention:
Fossil-based fuels are not renewable resources and therefore they will run out after a certain period of time. On the other hand, the global warming occurring by the greenhouse effect due to carbon dioxide emissions generated by the combustion of fossil-fuels has increased the importance of the alternative energy resources.
Solar energy has the easiest and most common available use in the renewable and clean energy sources such as hydroelectric, solar, wind, tide, geothermal, etc.
Unlike the conversion of solar energy to electric energy via using photovoltaic cells, water heating with solar energy already has a common use. Even the use of different materials and constructions, the common technique of the water heating solar collectors is the heating of water or any heat transfer fluid while it is passing through the pipes placed in the collector. These collectors may also be operated for indirect heating of the running water by passing the obtained hot water through a heat exchanger, as well as for direct heating of the running water, that is, the direct use of the hot water heated in the collector. In the indirect heating, production and operating costs increase to some extent; on the other hand the collector can be used at winter periods by adding antifreeze to the circulating water or instead of using water, heat transfer fluids with much lower freezing points can be used as circulating liquid.
Unlike the water heating solar collectors, the solar air heating collectors are not widespread. These collectors are based on black-colored metallic, plastic, ceramic or composite plates which are placed inside the rectangular boxes made of metallic, plastic or composite materials. The back and side surfaces of boxes are insulated and the face (sun face) sides are covered with normal or special glasses, polycarbonates or other transparent layers.
The black plates heated by the absorption of high-IR radiation of sun rays, heats the air in the boxes to a limited extent, in which a green house effect occurs. On the other hand, especially in case of moving air, just like in the air heater collectors; the actual heat transfer takes place by convection.
The purpose of the invention:
The cost of the pipes through which the water or heat transfer fluid flows causes a significant portion of the total production cost of water heating collectors, even it varies depending on the collector construction and material. The higher the total surface area of the pipes through which water or heat transfer fluid flows; that is, the lower the diameter of the pipes and the longer the length of the pipeline; the higher the efficiency of the collectors. But in parallel to this, the production and maintenance costs of the collector increase.
As mentioned in the patent application No: 2007/01274 "Water heating solar collectors without pipes", when water flows down through the capillary pores of a black textile surface instead of flowing through the pipes, it warms up more efficiently.
In the U.S. patent dated 27 April 1982 and No. 4326504 entitled "Textile Solar Collector", it was indicated that the water warms up while it is passes through a special construction of a black textile surface whose top layer is looser (lower density) and the sub-layer is denser (higher density) and at least one layer is formed by non-woven material.
However, due to the direct passing of water through the back-coated or specially constructed black textile materials, the temperature of the water can reach the boiling point (100 0C) in summer periods depending on the mass flow rate of the water and reduces the efficiency of the collector due to the problems such as evaporation, condensation on the transparent layer, overheating of the transparent layer, extreme heat loss through the surface of the transparent layer, etc. In the winter periods, as in all direct heating water collectors, the water can freeze at nights. In addition, at the morning operation, the steaming up of the front glass pane increases by the increase of the water temperature, so the solar radiation is restricted and therefore the efficiency decreases to a great extent.
In the solar collectors in which the water is heated by passing through black textile surfaces, the evaporation rate increases by the increase of the temperature. Especially when the water temperature is higher than 45-50 0C, evaporation rate becomes more problematic. So, in the course of time the calcification starts, thus the fabric (textile surface) needs to be changed frequently due to the efficiency losses. This is why the two of the three examples of U. S Patent No. 4326504 are related to the heating of water from 20 0C to 25 0C, and the third is related to the heating of 40 liters of water from 25 0C to 40 0C in 2 hours by the recirculation of water.
The technical problem that this invention intends to solve is the elimination of aforementioned problems in direct water heating with textile based solar collectors in which the water passes through a back coated or specially constructed black textile surface and therefore heating water up to 85-90 0C in textile based solar collectors without problems, and also providing air heating if requested.
Description of the invention:
A textile based solar collector system to reach the objective of the invention has been schematized in the attached figure, and this figure presents the following:
Figure 1-The schematic of the textile based solar collector and heat transfer fluid recirculation
The units in the figures have been numbered and shown below:
1) Insulation
2) Metallic, plastic or composite collector box
3) Back coating
4) Textile surface 5) Transparent layer
6) Cleft or perforated pipe (cold or warm heat transfer fluid inlet)
7) Hot heat transfer fluid outlet
8) Insulated tank
9) Pump
10) Liquid/liquid or liquid/gas heat exchanger
11) Hot heat transfer fluid inlet
12) Warm heat transfer fluid outlet
13) Cold water or air inlet
14) Hot water or air outlet
In this invention, heat transfer fluids with boiling points of above 120 0C warms up to the temperatures above 50 0C in solar collectors without pipes while they pass through black or dark colored, back coated (3) or not textile surfaces (4) and these hot heat transfer fluids heat water or air indirectly.
When a liquid is poured by the help of a perforated or cleft pipe (6) from the upper face side of the black textile surface (4) which is in vertical or inclined position, the liquid penetrates into the textile surface due to the capillary absorption, and it flows down through the capillary pores, and in the mean time the liquid warms up more or less.
In this manner, by passing of a proper heat transfer fluid with a boiling temperature of above 120 0C such as mineral or synthetic oils, glycerin, ethylene glycol, etc. instead of water through a black textile surface (4) placed in a solar collector box (2), the heating of the heat transfer fluid up to temperatures above 100 0C can be obtained without any problems such as evaporation, steaming up of the front transparent layer (glass pane) (5) , condensation, calcification on the textile surface, etc.
In order to heat water or air, the hot heat transfer fluid from the collector outlet (7) passes through a liquid/liquid or a liquid/gas heat exchanger (10), respectively. The cooled heat transfer fluid from the heat exchanger outlet (12) is pumped by a proper pump (9) to the inlet of the perforated or cleft pipe (6) to complete the recirculation route. As optional, photocell or thermostat valves can be used to start up or stop the pump automatically. After the pump stop, the heat transfer fluid which flows through the fabric is stored in an insulated tank (8) which is installed between the heat transfer fluid outlet (7) and the pump (9). After the pump start up, the stored heat transfer fluid is pumped to the upper inlet of the collector (6).
Utilization and applicability of the invention:
The flow time of the heat transfer fluid from the upper edge to the bottom edge of a 2 meters long textile surface with a 45 ° slope can be adjusted to be from a few seconds to above 30 minutes, depending on the mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid, the type of the textile surface (woven, knitted, nonwoven), the construction of the textile surface (tightness, density, thickness, texture, piled or not, raised or not, etc.), if textile surface is not a nonwoven the construction of the yarns and the type of the fibre (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, blended or not, fineness, length) and the viscosity of the heat transfer fluid.
The surface area of the capillary voids (tubes) of the textile surface through which a liquid passes is larger than the surface area of the pipes of a conventional solar collector due to the fibrous character' of the textile structures. Therefore, the absorption of the solar radiation by the black or dark colored textile surfaces and the transfer of this energy to the heat transfer fluid in the hundreds of thousands pores (capillaries) between the fibers can occur with a higher efficiency.
The combination of this type of solar collector with a liquid/liquid heat exchanger can be used to obtain running hot water or to heat the furnace water; and if it is combined with a liquid/gas heat exchanger it can be used for space heating, for drying purposes and for heating the inlet air of the fuel burners.

Claims

1. A textile based solar collector comprising; Heating of a heat transfer fluid with a boiling temperature above 1200C by passing through; placed in a solar collector box, single or multi layered, pilled or plain, back coated or not, black or dark colored textile surface which is produced by the woven, knitted or non-woven surface technologies with using natural or synthetic, hydrophobic or hydrophilic fibers or their blends and by using this hot heat transfer fluid, for heating water or air indirectly.
EP10706803A 2009-02-16 2010-02-05 Textile based solar collector Withdrawn EP2419681A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2009/01114A TR200901114A2 (en) 2009-02-16 2009-02-16 Textile based solar collector.
PCT/TR2010/000031 WO2010093339A2 (en) 2009-02-16 2010-02-05 Textile based solar collector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2419681A2 true EP2419681A2 (en) 2012-02-22

Family

ID=42341415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10706803A Withdrawn EP2419681A2 (en) 2009-02-16 2010-02-05 Textile based solar collector

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2419681A2 (en)
TR (2) TR200901114A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2010093339A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114835183A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-08-02 南昌大学 Three-dimensional solar evaporator with directional salt deposition function and used for treating high-concentration brine and preparation method thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014189474A1 (en) 2013-05-20 2014-11-27 Teks-Tar Gunes Enerjileri Isitma Sogutma Ve Tekstil Sanayi Ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi Textile based flexible water heating solar energy collector

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3939819A (en) * 1974-03-29 1976-02-24 The University Of Dayton Solar radiant energy collector
GB1580803A (en) * 1976-05-18 1980-12-03 Mcgilvray I Solar energy collector
US4052975A (en) * 1976-05-20 1977-10-11 Ceideburg John W Solar heat collector and storage system
US4326504A (en) 1979-06-26 1982-04-27 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Textile solar collector
US5313933A (en) * 1992-08-05 1994-05-24 Gocze Thomas E Solar collector with fiber material absorber layer
DE202008008231U1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2008-09-11 Tarakcioglu, Isik, Karsiyaka Solar collector without pipe for heating water

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2010093339A2 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114835183A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-08-02 南昌大学 Three-dimensional solar evaporator with directional salt deposition function and used for treating high-concentration brine and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010093339A3 (en) 2010-11-11
TR201107851T1 (en) 2012-01-23
TR200901114A2 (en) 2009-11-23
WO2010093339A2 (en) 2010-08-19

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