EP2418659B1 - Résistance au freinage - Google Patents

Résistance au freinage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2418659B1
EP2418659B1 EP11177032.7A EP11177032A EP2418659B1 EP 2418659 B1 EP2418659 B1 EP 2418659B1 EP 11177032 A EP11177032 A EP 11177032A EP 2418659 B1 EP2418659 B1 EP 2418659B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closure
plate
cooling body
brake resistor
filling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11177032.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2418659A2 (fr
EP2418659A3 (fr
Inventor
Rupert Jäger
Clemens David
Leonhard Vetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MICHAEL KOCH GmbH
DBK David and Baader GmbH
Original Assignee
Michael Koch GmbH
DBK David and Baader GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michael Koch GmbH, DBK David and Baader GmbH filed Critical Michael Koch GmbH
Publication of EP2418659A2 publication Critical patent/EP2418659A2/fr
Publication of EP2418659A3 publication Critical patent/EP2418659A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2418659B1 publication Critical patent/EP2418659B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C1/00—Details
    • H01C1/02—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure
    • H01C1/028—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure the resistive element being embedded in insulation with outer enclosing sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
    • H01C3/04—Iron-filament ballast resistors; Other resistors having variable temperature coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a braking resistor according to the preamble of
  • Patent claim 1 and a method for producing such a braking resistor.
  • Braking resistors are used for example in electric motors to dissipate when switching from a normal engine operation in a generator operation resulting electrical energy peaks and convert it into heat.
  • the basic structure of such a braking resistor is for example in the EP 1 711 035 A1 the applicant explains. Frequently braking resistors are also referred to as load resistors.
  • a braking resistor has a heat sink, for example, made of aluminum as an extruded profile, in which a heating element, for example, a resistance heating element is used. Its positioning is carried out via a filling having, for example, MgO, wherein additionally micanite plates are provided to keep the heating element at a distance from the peripheral wall of the extruded profile. Micanite is the trade name of a mica material, which forms a solid, plate-shaped insulating material.
  • the frontal sealing of the heat sink is carried out in each case via a closure, wherein a current supply side closure of two power supply lines (cables) is penetrated.
  • these closures are formed in that the extruded profile is first placed on a mounting device and then a micanite plate is inserted into a frontal recording of the extruded profile.
  • This micanite plate is then cast with silicone or an appropriate sealant and then cured or dried over a relatively long period of about twelve hours.
  • a cement layer for example sour iron cement, is applied to the micanite plate and then dried again for about 12 hours.
  • the extruded profile is closed on the bottom side.
  • the heating element is introduced and filled with MgO, whereby the filling density is increased by shaking.
  • further micanite plates are used in the peripheral areas to the heat sink.
  • a closure according to the method described above with a curing of the silicone and the cement is placed on this backfilling.
  • a disadvantage of this procedure is that considerable time must be provided for curing / drying of the silicone and the cement, so that appropriate buffer space for the curing / drying process must be provided.
  • a further disadvantage is that crack formation can occur, in particular during drying / curing of the cement, which adversely affect the functionality of the braking resistor and lead to complaints by the customer.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a braking resistor and a method for producing a braking resistor, which allow a cost-effective production with low device complexity.
  • the braking resistor has a heat sink which is designed with a receiving space for at least one heating element. This is positioned by means of a filling, preferably a MgO-bed, relative to the walls of the heat sink and the receiving space is closed at the end by a bottom-side closure and a power supply-side closure.
  • this closure has in each case at least one wafer adjacent to the filling, which is inserted into the receiving space and sealed by sealant. At a distance or adjacent to the wafer or plates, a closure plate is inserted into the receiving space, which is mechanically connected to the heat sink.
  • adjacent to the filling 2 plates are used, which together define a passage for at least one power supply.
  • the apertures are designed to be reciprocal, so that together they complete a closed aperture when the two platelets overlap one another.
  • the two platelets may be sandwiched on top of each other or else they may be executed side by side or overlapping one another only in sections.
  • the closure plate is made of metal, preferably aluminum, glass or ceramic. These materials give the braking resistor the front side of a sufficient strength and protect the heating element against damage.
  • the braking resistor is particularly simple if the connection of the front-side closure plate with the heat sink by partial forming, for example by caulking the heat sink with the closure plate. In this procedure, it is preferred if surface portions, for example one or more chamfers, which are encompassed by the caulked material, are provided on the closure plate. In this way a reliable fixing of the position of the closure plate in the heat sink is ensured.
  • the sealant for the platelet is preferably a thermosetting sealant, such as silicone.
  • This distance may in particular be formed on the supply side by one or more knobs, which are embossed on the peripheral wall of the heat sink.
  • these spacers can also be designed by webs on the plate or on the closure plate.
  • current bushing sides are provided in the closure plate insulating bushings for carrying out the current leads.
  • the heat sink is preferably formed as an extruded profile of aluminum or the like.
  • the production of the plate and the closure plate is simplified if the cross section of the receiving space is made approximately rectangular.
  • a heat sink for example an aluminum extruded profile
  • a plate is inserted or pressed on the bottom side and potted by means of a potting compound, such as silicone.
  • the potting is preferably introduced only in the edge region of the platelet.
  • a closure plate is used frontally and connected to the heat sink.
  • the at least one heating or resistive element is introduced with a surrounding filling and after the compression (shaking) on the power supply side another plate inserted, which is penetrated by the power supply lines.
  • This plate is in turn poured over a potting compound with the heat sink and after the short (s.o.) drying / curing of the potting a penetrated by the power supply plug plate is used and connected to the heat sink.
  • the filling is preferably formed as a bed of particles, for example of MgO.
  • This production process is much more effective than the production process described above, since - as already mentioned - the drying steps for the silicone seal are faster and can be omitted for the cement layer and the investment for such a drying plant.
  • a problem in the production of such a braking resistor is that the filling level of the filling surrounding the heating element can not be determined exactly. Accordingly, it is difficult to perform the caulking of the closure plate with the heat sink so that the Verstemm Scheme is reliably spaced from the filling. According to the invention, this takes place in that spacers are provided which have a defined position of the closure plate with respect to the heat sink guarantee. This can be done, for example, by nubs formed on the heat sink, on which the power supply-side closure plate is placed. Bottom side, this problem does not exist because this closure plate is used prior to the introduction of the filling.
  • knobs are formed in a variant of the invention only after the introduction of the wafer, so that it can be mounted in a simple manner without collision with the knobs.
  • FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional view of a braking resistor 1, which is designed with a heating element, for example a wire heating element.
  • the braking resistor 1 has a heat sink 2 made of an aluminum extruded profile, in which the resistance or heating element, not shown, and a surrounding filling is introduced.
  • the front side of the heat sink 2 by a bottom-side closure 4 (see FIG. 2 ) and a power supply-side closure 6, the latter being penetrated by power supply lines / cables 8, 10, via which a contacting of the heating element takes place.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the heating element according to FIG. 1 , It can be seen in this section, a part of the above-mentioned filling 12, via which the resistance element, hereinafter called heating element, in the present case, a wire resistance heating element, is accommodated in a receiving space 14 of the heat sink 2.
  • the heating element itself is shown in the illustration FIG. 2 not visible, one recognizes only two outer Mikanitplatten 16, 18 which rest against the inner wall of the receiving space 14 and two Micanittragplatten 20, 22 for a winding of the heating element.
  • a bed surrounding the heating element consists of MgO and forms the filling 12, which is filled after insertion of the heating element and said micanite plates and then compacted by shaking, so that the heating element is held in the predetermined relative position to the heat sink 2.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the heat sink is designed with a plurality of cooling fins 23, via which the heat exchange surface for dissipating the heat energy is increased.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detailed representation of the bottom-side closure 4, with which the power supply lines 8, 10 opposite end face of the heat sink 2 is closed.
  • the bottom-side closure 4 essentially consists of a plate 24 adjoining the heating element, the micanite plates 16, 18, 20, 22 and the MgO filling 12, which preferably consists of micanite and is inserted or pressed into the receiving space 14 of the heat sink 2 with a precise fit is and frontally adjacent to the outer Mikanitplatten 16, 18 and Micanittragplatten 20, 22. Any remaining circumferential gap between the plate 24 and the peripheral wall of the receiving space 14 is sealed with a sealing compound 26, such as silicone or the like, which is applied to the peripheral portions of the plate 24 removed from the filling 12.
  • a sealing compound 26 such as silicone or the like
  • a closure plate 28 for example, metal, ceramic, glass
  • the inner chamfers 36, 38 form a space for the sealing compound 26, so that the closure plate 28 rests with its large surfaces on the plate 24 flat.
  • the two outer chamfers 34, 40 each form bearing surfaces for a caulking 42, 44, via which the closure plate 28 is fixed in position by partially reshaping a wall section of the heat sink 2. As shown in FIG. 3 it can be seen that this caulking takes place in the illustrated embodiment, only along the opposite end edges 30, 32, at the other two end edges no caulking is provided. However, this is also possible according to the invention.
  • the closure plate 28 is not inserted accurately into the receiving space 14 but it remains circumferentially first a certain gap S, which should prevent excessive pressure loading of the closure plate 28 during the Verstemmreaes. Since, as explained above, the closure plate 28 has no sealing function but is essentially provided as a mechanical protection, this air gap S is unproblematic.
  • the caulking takes place via a plurality of caulking sections formed along the end edges 30, 32, in each of which an embossing is formed and applied to the closure plate 28, so that the projections 46 engage behind the closure plate 28 in a form-fitting manner and thus reliably fix them in position.
  • this bottom-side closure 4 is carried out by the heat sink 2 is first placed on a receptacle, such as a stamp assembly, so that the in FIG. 3 shown area is accessible from above. Subsequently, the plate 24 is used, wherein it is supported on the punch assembly and sealed with the sealant 26. In the next process step, the closure plate 28 is then placed and caulked.
  • a receptacle such as a stamp assembly
  • the plate (24) is pressed, then the support can be omitted on a stamp assembly.
  • the heat sink 2 is reversed, so that the bottom-side closure 4 is arranged downwards.
  • FIG. 4 shows applied power supply side closure.
  • the current supply-side closure has - similar to the prior art and also the closure 4 - a micanite plate 48, which is placed on the filling 12.
  • the sealing to the outside is again via a sealing compound 26 which is formed circumferentially and in the field of implementation of the current feedthroughs 8, 10 through the plates 48 therethrough.
  • the plate 48 is designed with openings, which is penetrated by the respective power supply 8, 10 (8 not visible) and is then sealed by a sealing compound ring 26a.
  • the frontal closure is again via a closure plate 50, but not - as in the closure 4 - rests on the plate 48, but is arranged at a distance therefrom. By this distance A, an air gap between plate 48 and closure plate 50 is formed.
  • the closure plate 50 is - similar to the closure 4 - executed with at least in the region of the end faces 52, 54 formed chamfers 56, 58, 60, 62. As shown in the illustration FIG.
  • closure plate 50 is on in the receiving space 14 of the heat sink 2 protruding studs 64 which are formed so that the end face of the closure plate 50 is flush with the corresponding end face of the heat sink 2.
  • These pimples 64 can, as in FIG. 4 shown to be performed by caulking the heat sink 2.
  • the closure plate 50 has an opening 66 for the power supply / cable 10. A corresponding breakthrough is also formed for the other power supply 8 in the closure plate 50.
  • the closure plates 28, 50 are formed of ceramic.
  • insulating bushes should be used in the openings.
  • the attachment of the closure plate 50 on the heat sink 2 is again via a two-sided caulking along the end edges 52, 54. This caulking is in FIG. 4 provided with the reference numeral 68.
  • the closure plate 50 is also arranged with a gap S with respect to the receptacle 14 of the heat sink 2 in the case of the closure 6 which runs through the electrical feedthrough.
  • this closure 6 succeeds analogously to the closure 4.
  • the micanite plate 48 is placed or pressed onto the filling 12 and sealed by means of the sealing compound 26, the passage of the power supply lines 8, 10 being sealed accordingly.
  • the studs 64 are formed by caulking in the illustrated variant, wherein the caulking distance to the end edge 70 of the heat sink 2 corresponds to the thickness of the closure plate 50.
  • These nubs 64 may be formed along the opposite end edges 52, 54 of the closure plate 50 or along all four end edges.
  • the nubs 64 may also be formed before the introduction of the filling 12, but the arrangement must be such that the micanite plate 48 and the filling 12 can be used without collision with the nubs 64.
  • the closure plate 50 is placed on the knobs 64 and caulked with the heat sink 2 in the manner described above, of course, the power supply lines 8, 10 are guided through the respective openings 66 therethrough.
  • FIG. 5 shows one Figure 4 corresponding section through a braking resistor 1, wherein only the current supply-side closure 6 is described - the bottom-side closure 4 is executed accordingly.
  • a single plate 48 is used to cover the filling 12 to the outside.
  • two plates 48a, 48b are used, which are sandwiched one above the other.
  • FIG. 6 shows the structure of these platelets 48a, 48b. It shows FIG. 6 (a) the plate adjacent to the filling 48a, which of the two power supply lines 8, 10 (8 not visible in FIG. 5 ) is interspersed.
  • This plate 48a has two approximately parallel longitudinal slots 72, 74, whose width b corresponds approximately to the diameter of the two power supply lines 8, 10.
  • the spacing of the two longitudinal slots 72, 74 corresponds to the parallel spacing of the two power supply lines 8, 10.
  • the in FIG. 6 (a) invisible inner vertices of the longitudinal slots 72, 74 is preferably - as in FIG. 6 Recognizable - rounded and adapted to the outer diameter of the power supply lines 8, 10.
  • the two longitudinal slots 72, 74 open into a longitudinal edge 76 of the plate 48 a.
  • This plate 48a is placed on the filling 12 when mounting the braking resistor and then the further plate 48b (see FIG. 6 (b) ) placed on the already mounted plate 48a.
  • the plate 48b is designed with two further longitudinal slots 78, 80, which are complementary to the longitudinal slots 72, 74 and which, in the illustration according to FIG FIG. 6 open to a lower longitudinal edge 82.
  • the geometry of these two longitudinal slots 78, 80 corresponds to that of the longitudinal slots 72, 74. In principle, two identical plates can be used, which are then mounted rotated by 180 °.
  • the geometry of the four longitudinal slots 72, 74; 78, 80 is selected so that in the state inserted into the heat sink 2, a passage opening for the two power supply lines 8, 10 remains, which surround or clamp the two power supply lines 8, 10 with a kind of press fit and thus form a kind of strain relief. This clamping gripping also causes a good seal, so that a trickling through of the filling during further production can be avoided.
  • the assembly should also be significantly simplified, since the "threading" of the power supply lines with respect to the solution described above is simplified with a closed-circuit breakthrough.
  • the platelets are sandwiched and substantially congruent to each other.
  • two studs 64 are provided on the inner peripheral region of the heat sink 2, which form an abutment for the two platelets 48, a, 48b, so that the bed 12 is practically clamped between the two closures 4, 6.
  • a circumferential sealing ring 26a and a full-surface seal 26 which is slightly raised in the edge region are provided.
  • a full-surface seal 26b is formed, which also covers the areas not covered by the circumferential sealing edge 26 and the sealing compound ring 26a. This full-surface seal 26b also covers the longitudinal slots 72, 74; 78, 80 of the two plates 48a, 48b.
  • nubs 64 is then placed on the latter another plate 84 or pressed and then the closure plate 50 is inserted and then both components by means of caulking 68 against the Nubs pressed 64, so that the actual braking resistor is shut off to the outside mechanically, electrically and thermally best possible.
  • the additional plate 84 can also be dispensed with and the closure plate 50 can be placed directly on the nubs 64.
  • the closures 4, 6 designed according to the invention are distinguished by a material-optimized construction with regard to the requirements (tightness, strength), whereby the production can be carried out with comparatively little time and device complexity, so that the demands placed on the production staff are somewhat lower as in the prior art.
  • the shutter plate 50 is to be made of aluminum, it is preferable to use non-anodized aluminum, so that the contact resistance between the aluminum plate and the extruded profile is small.
  • the advantage of the construction according to the invention is that the end face a very uniform, clean surface is produced, with virtually no reworking is required.
  • the bottom-side closure plate 28 is flat on the plate 24.
  • the closure plate 28 may also be designed with spacers, so that no flat support but only a support along the spacers is provided. These can for example be formed as webs. In principle, it is also possible to insert such spacers.
  • a braking resistor and a method for producing a braking resistor.
  • the frontal closure of the braking resistor via at least one inserted into an extruded profile plate, which is sealed by means of a sealing compound. This plate is covered by a closure plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Résistance de freinage, comportant un corps de refroidissement (2), qui est réalisé avec un logement (14) pour un élément de résistance ou un élément de chauffage qui, au moyen d'un garnissage (12), est positionné par rapport aux parois du corps de refroidissement (2), ledit logement (14) comportant une fermeture (6) du côté de l'admission du courant, traversée par des lignes d'alimentation électrique, et une fermeture (4) du côté du fond, caractérisée en ce que chaque fermeture (4, 6) comporte au moins une plaquette (24, 48), qui est adjacente au garnissage (12) et qui est insérée dans le logement (14) et est rendue étanche par des moyens d'étanchéité (26), et en ce qu'à distance ou au voisinage de la plaquette (24, 48) est prévue une plaque de fermeture (28, 50) qui est reliée au corps de refroidissement (2).
  2. Résistance de freinage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle au voisinage du garnissage sont disposées deux plaquettes (48a, 48b) qui délimitent conjointement au moins un passage pour une ligne d'alimentation électrique (8, 10).
  3. Résistance de freinage selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle les plaquettes (48a, 48b) ont des percées réalisées réciproquement, qui se complètent conjointement pour former un passage pour les lignes d'alimentation électrique (8, 10).
  4. Résistance de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la plaque de fermeture (28, 50) est réalisée en métal, de préférence en aluminium, en verre ou en céramique.
  5. Résistance de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la liaison est réalisée par une déformation partielle du corps de refroidissement (2), en particulier par matage.
  6. Résistance de freinage selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle la plaque de fermeture (28, 50) comporte des portions de surface, par exemple un chanfrein (34, 40 ; 56, 58), qui sont enserrées par le matériau déformé au moment de la déformation.
  7. Résistance de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le moyen d'étanchéité est une pâte d'étanchéité (26) durcissante.
  8. Résistance de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un dispositif d'écartement est prévu entre la plaque de fermeture (28) et la plaquette (24).
  9. Résistance de freinage selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle le dispositif d'écartement est formé par des aspérités (64) sur la paroi périphérique du corps de refroidissement (2) ou par des nervures sur la plaquette (24) ou sur la plaque de fermeture (28).
  10. Résistance de freinage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la section transversale du logement (14) est rectangulaire.
  11. Procédé permettant de réaliser une résistance de freinage, comportant les étapes :
    - préparation d'un corps de refroidissement (2) avec un logement (14) ;
    - mise en place d'une fermeture (4) du côté du fond ;
    - introduction d'un élément de chauffage et d'un garnissage (12) dans le logement (14), et
    - mise en place d'une fermeture (6) du côté de l'admission du courant, traversée par des lignes d'alimentation électrique (8, 10),
    caractérisé en ce que près de chaque fermeture (4, 6) du côté du fond et du côté de l'admission du courant, d'abord au moins une plaquette est insérée dans le logement (14) et est rendue étanche par une pâte de scellement, ensuite la pâte de scellement est amenée à durcir ou est durcie, et une plaque de fermeture (28, 50) est mise en place dans le logement (14) à distance ou au voisinage de la plaquette (24, 48) et est reliée au corps de refroidissement (2).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel la liaison est réalisée par matage.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans lequel un dispositif d'écartement est réalisé sur le corps de refroidissement (2) après la mise en place de ladite au moins une plaquette (48) et avant la mise en place de la plaque de fermeture (50).
  14. Résistance de freinage selon la revendication 13, dans lequel le dispositif d'écartement est réalisé de telle sorte que la plaque de fermeture (50) est disposée sensiblement à fleur de la face frontale (70) du corps de refroidissement (2).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, dans lequel le dispositif d'écartement comporte une pluralité d'aspérités (64) qui sont réalisées au moment de la déformation.
EP11177032.7A 2010-08-11 2011-08-09 Résistance au freinage Active EP2418659B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010034150 2010-08-11
DE201110001362 DE102011001362A1 (de) 2010-08-11 2011-03-17 Bremswiderstand

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2418659A2 EP2418659A2 (fr) 2012-02-15
EP2418659A3 EP2418659A3 (fr) 2012-08-29
EP2418659B1 true EP2418659B1 (fr) 2015-10-14

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ID=44719242

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11177032.7A Active EP2418659B1 (fr) 2010-08-11 2011-08-09 Résistance au freinage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2418659B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011001362A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2418659T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202014010469U1 (de) 2013-12-24 2015-08-26 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Widerstand
DE102016125124A1 (de) 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Entladewiderstand

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3310769A (en) * 1964-06-16 1967-03-21 Rama Corp Cartridge heater
US3881163A (en) * 1974-05-28 1975-04-29 Ind Engineering And Equipment Electrical cartridge-type heater
US5247158A (en) * 1992-07-17 1993-09-21 Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company Electrical heater
EP1711035A1 (fr) 2005-04-08 2006-10-11 DBK David + Baader GmbH Résistance de freinage électrique et son procédé de préparation
DE202007014360U1 (de) * 2007-10-12 2009-02-26 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Aluminium-Heizwiderstand
DE202008014586U1 (de) * 2008-11-03 2009-01-29 Türk & Hillinger GmbH Aluminium-Lastwiderstand

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EP2418659A2 (fr) 2012-02-15
DE102011001362A1 (de) 2012-02-16
EP2418659A3 (fr) 2012-08-29
DK2418659T3 (en) 2016-01-25

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